CN103226006A - Fiber grating displacement meter - Google Patents
Fiber grating displacement meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103226006A CN103226006A CN2013100888136A CN201310088813A CN103226006A CN 103226006 A CN103226006 A CN 103226006A CN 2013100888136 A CN2013100888136 A CN 2013100888136A CN 201310088813 A CN201310088813 A CN 201310088813A CN 103226006 A CN103226006 A CN 103226006A
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- displacement meter
- optical fiber
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- girder
- fiber grating
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000935974 Paralichthys dentatus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000242541 Trematoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种光纤光栅位移计，该位移计包括锚爪、连接件、弹性件、传感器、悬臂梁和壳体，上述壳体固定于顶板的底面，顶板上具有孔，该孔深入到岩体内部，所述锚爪固定于所述孔的基点处，所述锚爪通过所述连接件和所述弹性件连接于悬臂梁自由端，所述悬臂梁相对于自由端的另一端为固定端，所述固定端固定于壳体上，传感器粘贴于悬臂梁上。本发明应用范围广泛，可以应用于各种隧道工程、地铁工程顶板下沉量监测，且能够保证测量的精度。
The invention discloses a fiber grating displacement meter. The displacement meter includes an anchor claw, a connecting piece, an elastic piece, a sensor, a cantilever beam and a housing. The housing is fixed on the bottom surface of the top plate. There is a hole on the top plate, and the hole goes deep into the Inside the rock mass, the anchor fluke is fixed at the base point of the hole, the anchor fluke is connected to the free end of the cantilever beam through the connecting piece and the elastic piece, and the other end of the cantilever beam relative to the free end is fixed end, the fixed end is fixed on the housing, and the sensor is pasted on the cantilever beam. The invention has a wide range of applications, can be applied to monitoring the roof subsidence of various tunnel projects and subway projects, and can ensure the accuracy of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of displacement measuring device, particularly a kind of fiber grating roof delamination displacement meter.
Background technology
Displacement measurement is the technical matters that the engineering field often runs into, and common surveying instrument can't solve degree of accuracy of in the tunnel top board being measured and the needs of measuring in real time.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter, particularly a kind of fiber grating top board displacement meter, the displacement of the measurement top board that it can be accurately real-time.
This fiber grating top board displacement meter comprises anchor fluke 1,2, web member, elastic component 2,5, sensor 8,11, semi-girder 7,10 and housing 14.Above-mentioned housing 14 is fixed in the bottom surface of top board 13, top board 13 is a rock mass, has the hole on the top board 13, this hole is deep into rock mass inside, described anchor fluke is fixed in the basic point place in described hole, and described anchor fluke is connected in semi-girder 7,10 free ends by described web member and described elastic component, and described semi-girder 7,10 is a stiff end with respect to the free-ended other end, described stiff end is fixed on the housing 14, and sensor 8,11 is pasted on the semi-girder 7,10.
Preferably, described hole has two, the darker hole of the degree of depth has a dark basic point, the more shallow hole of the degree of depth has shallow foundation point, described anchor fluke 1,2 and described semi-girder 7,10 are also corresponding respectively to have two, an anchor fluke 1 is fixed in dark basic point, and another anchor fluke 2 is fixed in the shallow foundation point, and two anchor flukes are individually fixed in the free end of semi-girder 7,10.
Preferably, described semi-girder 7,10 is the uniform cantilever beam or the beam of uniform strength.
Preferably, described elastic component 2,5 is arranged in the housing 14.
Preferably, described elastic component 2,5 is arranged at outside the housing 14.
Preferably, described web member is a rigid connector.
Preferably, described rigid connector is wire rope or iron wire.
Preferably, two described semi-girders 7,10 are arranged up and down or are arranged on the same horizontal line.
Preferably, described anchor fluke is an expansion bolt.
Preferably, an end of described sensor 8,11 is connected with optical fiber, and optical fiber is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is connected with computing machine.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. the present invention has wide range of applications, and can be applied to various Tunnel Engineering, the monitoring of the subway engineering amount of crushing;
2. among the present invention, semi-girder beam application point in loading process is constant, and under the bigger situation of beam rigidity, the amount of deflection of beam is enough little, and corresponding linear relationship can well be guaranteed.Under beam takes place than the small deflection situation, guarantee linear relationship.Promptly guaranteed the precision of measuring.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 fiber grating orientator
Accompanying drawing 2 fiber-optic grating sensors
The 1-anchor fluke
The 2-spring
The 3-wire rope
The 4-anchor fluke
The 5-spring
The 6-wire rope
The 7-semi-girder
The 8-sensor
The 9-stiff end
The 10-semi-girder
The 11-sensor
The 12-stiff end
The 13-top board
The 14-housing
15-optical fiber
Embodiment
This fiber grating top board displacement meter comprises anchor fluke 1,2, wire rope 3,6, spring 2,5, sensor 8,11, semi-girder 7,10 and housing 14, above-mentioned housing 14 is fixed in the bottom surface of top board 13, it on the top board 13 rock mass, has the hole on the top board 13, this hole is deep into rock mass inside, described anchor fluke is fixed in the basic point place in described hole, described anchor fluke is by described spring 2,5 and wire rope be connected in semi-girder 7,10 free ends, described semi-girder 7,10 is stiff end with respect to the free-ended other end, described stiff end is fixed on the housing 14, sensor 8,11 are pasted on semi-girder 7, on 10.Described hole has two, the darker hole of the degree of depth has a dark basic point, the more shallow hole of the degree of depth has shallow foundation point, described anchor fluke 1,2 and described semi-girder 7,10 are also corresponding respectively to have two, an anchor fluke 1 is fixed in dark basic point, another anchor fluke 2 is fixed in the shallow foundation point, and two anchor flukes are individually fixed in the free end of semi-girder 7,10.Described semi-girder 7,10 is the uniform cantilever beam or the beam of uniform strength.Described spring 2,5 is arranged at outside the housing 14.Described spring 2,5 also can be arranged in the housing 14.Two described semi-girders 7,10 arrange that up and down semi-girder is arranged on the same horizontal line.Described anchor fluke can be fixtures such as expansion bolt.One end of described sensor 8,11 is connected with optical fiber, and optical fiber is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is connected with computing machine.
The roof delamination indicator is divided into following two kinds of situations when absciss layer takes place, its concrete principle of work is as follows:
1. absciss layer takes place below the shallow foundation point anchor fluke 4 (being that anchor fluke 4 is not moved), and deformation all takes place in spring 2 and 4, so only need by any spring amount of tension and wavelength variations corresponding relation, judge the following generation of shallow foundation point absciss layer amount δ.Amount δ of its top board displacement lower floor and wavelength variable quantity Δ λ
BRelation derivation is as follows:
When the amount of crushing is δ, be subjected to displacement below 4 with point of fixity and be example, housing 14 is with top board 13 sinking displacement amount δ.
Anchor fluke 1 is rigidly connected with spring 2, and spring produces the amount of tension of δ, that is:
F＝K*δ
K is a elastic coefficient, and F is the external force that produces behind the spring deformation.External force F acts on semi-girder, makes beam produce bending strain.Stress σ and external force according to semi-girder concern that F and beam length L and bending resistant section coefficient W pass are:
σ＝F*L/W
The strain stress of fiber grating and stress σ and bullet mode coefficient E close and are:
ε＝σ/E
So
ε＝F*L/(W*E)
Should and become with the relation of wavelength by coupled mode theory as can be known, the Bragg central wavelength lambda of fiber grating
BFor:
λ
B＝2n
effΛ
n
EffThe effective refractive index of-fibre core; Λ-grating cycle.As seen the Bragg centre wavelength of grating changed with the effective refractive index and the grating cycle of fibre core, and n
EffRelevant with the change of Λ with strain and temperature.Strain changes by elasto-optical effect and length influences n
EffAnd Λ.
Set up fiber grating strain sensor model under the even axial strain effect.Evenly axial strain ε is meant fiber grating is only stretched or compressive strain, and then axial strain can be expressed as
Regression model:
Wavelength shift Δ λ
BThe unary linear relation corresponding with strain stress:
Δλ
B＝A*δ
Wherein
2. if absciss layer takes place in No. 4 anchor flukes of shallow foundation point above (anchor fluke 4 be moved down with the rock stratum), dark No. 1 anchor fluke of basic point following No. 1, anchor fluke (motionless) somewhere, promptly deformation does not take place in spring 5, and spring 2 generation deformation.Be delivered to No. 7 semi-girders accordingly and do not bend, and No. 10 semi-girders can produce bending and cause the wavelength variations of sensor, can judge the following absciss layer amount δ that takes place of above, the dark basic point of shallow foundation point.Be subjected to displacement between the point of fixity 1,4, when the amount of crushing was δ, housing 14 was identical with above-mentioned first kind of situation with top board 13 sinking displacement amount δ derivation methods.
According to the regulation of Patent Law, described preferred embodiment.Yet, should be noted that, also can implement the alternate embodiment except that spelling out and illustrating.
Claims (10)
1. Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter, it is characterized in that: this displacement meter comprises anchor fluke (1,2), web member, elastic component (2,5), sensor (8,11), semi-girder (7,10) and housing (14), above-mentioned housing (14) is fixed in the bottom surface of top board (13), top board has the hole on (13), this hole is deep into rock mass inside, described anchor fluke is fixed in the basic point place in described hole, described anchor fluke is connected in semi-girder (7 by described web member and described elastic component, 10) free end, described semi-girder (7,10) be stiff end with respect to the free-ended other end, described stiff end is fixed on the housing (14), sensor (8,11) be pasted on semi-girder (7,10) on.
2. Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hole has two, the darker hole of the degree of depth has a dark basic point, the more shallow hole of the degree of depth has shallow foundation point, described anchor fluke (1,2) is also corresponding respectively with described semi-girder (7,10) to have two, an anchor fluke (1) is fixed in dark basic point, and another anchor fluke (2) is fixed in the shallow foundation point, and two anchor flukes are individually fixed in the free end of semi-girder (7,10).
3. Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described semi-girder (7,10) is the uniform cantilever beam or the beam of uniform strength.
4. Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described elastic component (2,5) be arranged in the housing (14) or housing (14) outside.
5. Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described web member is a rigid connector.
6. Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described rigid connector, preferably wire rope or iron wire.
7. Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter according to claim 2 is characterized in that: two described semi-girders (7,10) are arranged up and down or are arranged on the same horizontal line.
8. Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described anchor fluke is an expansion bolt.
9. Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: an end of described sensor (8,11) is connected with optical fiber, and optical fiber is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is connected with computing machine.
10. fiber optics displacement meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described displacement meter is used to measure the displacement of top board, or is used to measure perpendicular displacement in the rock mass.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310088813.6A CN103226006B (en) | 2013-03-19 | 2013-03-19 | Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter |
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| CN201310088813.6A CN103226006B (en) | 2013-03-19 | 2013-03-19 | Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter |
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| CN103226006B CN103226006B (en) | 2016-12-07 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103528530A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Monitoring device and monitoring method for mining FBG (fiber bragg grating) roof separation layer |
| CN106092043A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-09 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of fiber-optic grating sensor based on transformer station's settlement measurement |
| CN106839993A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 中国航空工业第六八研究所 | A kind of linear movement pick-up based on fiber grating |
| CN107462143A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-12-12 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of Bidirectional displacement meter |
| CN110763380A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-07 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | One-hole multi-point type stress and displacement monitoring system based on fiber bragg grating measurement |
| CN111811408A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-23 | 天津求实飞博科技有限公司 | Strain coefficient self-adaptive mining surrounding rock optical fiber displacement sensor |
| CN117739826A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-03-22 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | An optical fiber interference type rock and soil horizontal displacement monitoring method and system |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015058488A1 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-04-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Apparatus and method for monitoring mining fiber grating roof separation layer |
| CN103528530B (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-10-14 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of mining optical fiber grating roof abscission layer monitoring device and monitoring method |
| RU2627051C1 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2017-08-03 | Чайна Юниверсити Оф Майнинг Энд Текнолоджи | Device and method for monitoring roof separation layer on basis of fiber grid in mining |
| CN103528530A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Monitoring device and monitoring method for mining FBG (fiber bragg grating) roof separation layer |
| AU2014339682B2 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2018-01-18 | China University Of Mining And Technology | Apparatus and method for monitoring mining fiber grating roof separation layer |
| CN106839993A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 中国航空工业第六八研究所 | A kind of linear movement pick-up based on fiber grating |
| CN106092043B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2018-10-30 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of fiber-optic grating sensor based on substation's settlement measurement |
| CN106092043A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-09 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of fiber-optic grating sensor based on transformer station's settlement measurement |
| CN107462143A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-12-12 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of Bidirectional displacement meter |
| CN110763380A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-07 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | One-hole multi-point type stress and displacement monitoring system based on fiber bragg grating measurement |
| CN111811408A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-23 | 天津求实飞博科技有限公司 | Strain coefficient self-adaptive mining surrounding rock optical fiber displacement sensor |
| CN111811408B (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-28 | 天津求实飞博科技有限公司 | Strain coefficient self-adaptive mining surrounding rock optical fiber displacement sensor |
| CN117739826A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-03-22 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | An optical fiber interference type rock and soil horizontal displacement monitoring method and system |
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