CN103222219A

CN103222219A - Mapping of modulated symbols to tones and spatial streams

Info

Publication number: CN103222219A
Application number: CN2011800560332A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M·H·塔加维纳斯拉巴蒂; V·K·琼斯四世; D·J·R·范尼; G·A·阿瓦特尔
Original assignee: Qualcomm Inc
Current assignee: Qualcomm Inc
Priority date: 2010-10-06
Filing date: 2011-10-06
Publication date: 2013-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-06
Also published as: WO2012048145A1; CN103222219B; US8638761B2; JP5670575B2; JP2013543326A; EP2625806A1; EP2625806B1; US20120327868A1; EP3026837A1

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to systems, devices, and methods for communicating over a plurality of tones and spatial streams. Modulation symbols may be mapped to tones and spatial streams so as to increase frequency and/or spatial diversity without substantially increasing latency. For certain aspects, this interleaving approach may be performed on low-density parity-check (LDPC) codewords.

Description

Modulated symbol is to the mapping of tone and spatial flow

The cross reference of related application

The application requires to enjoy the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/390 that submitted on October 6th, 2010,286(application attorney docket No.103023P1) and the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/405 that submitted on October 20th, 2010,126(application attorney docket No.103023P2) right is so incorporate the full content of these two provisional application into this paper with way of reference.

Technical field

Put it briefly, some aspect of present disclosure relates to radio communication, specifically, relates on a plurality of frequencies (or tone) and spatial flow and interweaving.

Background technology

For the problem of the bandwidth demand that solves the desired increase of wireless communication system, developing different schemes and communicating by shared channel resources and single access point, and reaching high data throughput to allow a plurality of user terminals.On behalf of a kind of conduct of nearest appearance, many inputs or many output (MIMO) technology be used for the method for the popular technique of next generation communication system.In several emerging wireless communication standard such as IEEE (IEEE) 802.11 standards, adopted the MIMO technology.IEEE802.11 represents that by the IEEE802.11 committee be short haul connection (for example, tens of rice is to hundreds of rice) and one group of wireless lan (wlan) air-interface standard of exploitation.

Mimo system adopts a plurality of (N _TIndividual) transmitting antenna and a plurality of (N _RIndividual) reception antenna is used for transfer of data.By N _TIndividual transmitting antenna and N _RThe mimo channel that individual reception antenna forms can be broken down into N _SIndividual independent channel, this N _SIndividual independent channel is called space channel, wherein N _S≤ min{N _T, N _R.This N _SEach independent channel in the individual independent channel is corresponding to dimension.If utilize by this and a plurality ofly transmit and receive the extra dimensions that antenna is created, mimo system can provide the performance (for example, higher throughput and/or higher reliability) of improvement.

In the wireless network that single access point (AP) and a plurality of subscriber station (STA) are arranged, on up link and down link both direction, on a plurality of channels of going to different stations parallel transmission may take place.In this system, be stored in lot of challenges.

Summary of the invention

Some aspect of present disclosure provides a kind of device that is used for radio communication.This device generally includes treatment system and transmitter.Described treatment system is configured to usually: a plurality of bits are mapped to a plurality of modulation symbols.In some respects, described a plurality of bit is associated with a plurality of code words.In addition, described treatment system also is configured to: each modulation symbol in described a plurality of modulation symbols is mapped on tone and the spatial flow.Described tone is in a plurality of tones that can be used for transmitting, and described spatial flow is one that can be used in a plurality of spatial flows of described transmission.Described transmitter is configured to usually: send the modulation symbol that is shone upon.In some respects, the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol is mapped between described a plurality of spatial flow equably by approximate.In some respects, the modulation symbol that is mapped to same space stream in the described subclass is mapped to the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone.

Some aspect of present disclosure provides a kind of method of wireless communication that is used for.This method generally includes: a plurality of bits are mapped to a plurality of modulation symbols.In some respects, described a plurality of bit is associated with a plurality of code words.In addition, this method also comprises: each modulation symbol in described a plurality of modulation symbols is mapped on tone and the spatial flow; And send the modulation symbol shone upon.Described tone is in a plurality of tones that can be used for transmitting, and described spatial flow is one that can be used in a plurality of spatial flows of described transmission.In some respects, the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol is mapped between described a plurality of spatial flow equably by approximate.In some respects, the modulation symbol that is mapped to same space stream in the described subclass is mapped to the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone.

Some aspect of present disclosure provides a kind of device that is used for radio communication.This device generally includes: the module that is used for a plurality of bits are mapped to a plurality of modulation symbols.In some respects, described a plurality of bit is associated with a plurality of code words.In addition, this device also comprises: be used for each modulation symbol with described a plurality of modulation symbols and be mapped to module on tone and the spatial flow; And the module that is used to send the modulation symbol that is shone upon.Described tone is in a plurality of tones that can be used for transmitting, and described spatial flow is one that can be used in a plurality of spatial flows of described transmission.In some respects, the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol is mapped between described a plurality of spatial flow equably by approximate.In some respects, the modulation symbol that is mapped to same space stream in the described subclass is mapped to the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone.

Some aspect of present disclosure provides a kind of computer program that is used for radio communication.Described computer program comprises the computer-readable medium with instruction.When described instruction is performed, make device that a plurality of bits are mapped to a plurality of modulation symbols.In some respects, described a plurality of bit is associated with a plurality of code words.When described instruction is performed, also make described device that each modulation symbol in described a plurality of modulation symbols is mapped on tone and the spatial flow; And send the modulation symbol shone upon.Described tone is in a plurality of tones that can be used for transmitting, and described spatial flow is one that can be used in a plurality of spatial flows of described transmission.In some respects, the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol is mapped between described a plurality of spatial flow equably by approximate.In some respects, the modulation symbol that is mapped to same space stream in the described subclass is mapped to the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone.

Some aspect of present disclosure provides a kind of radio node.This node generally includes at least one antenna, treatment system and transmitter.Described treatment system is configured to usually: a plurality of bits are mapped to a plurality of modulation symbols.In some respects, described a plurality of bit is associated with a plurality of code words.In addition, described treatment system also is configured to: each modulation symbol in described a plurality of modulation symbols is mapped on tone and the spatial flow.Described tone is in a plurality of tones that can be used for transmitting, and described spatial flow is one that can be used in a plurality of spatial flows of described transmission.Described transmitter configuration is: the modulation symbol that shines upon by described at least one antenna transmission.In some respects, the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol is mapped between described a plurality of spatial flow equably by approximate.In some respects, the modulation symbol that is mapped to same space stream in the described subclass is mapped to the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone.

Some aspect of present disclosure provides a kind of device that is used for radio communication.This device generally includes receiver, and it is configured to: receive a plurality of modulation symbols corresponding to the bit that is associated with a plurality of code words on a plurality of tones and a plurality of spatial flow.In some respects, approximate being evenly distributed on described a plurality of spatial flow of the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol.In some respects, the described modulation symbol that receives in same space stream in the described subclass is distributed on the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone.In addition, this device also comprises deinterleaver, and it is configured to: the original order that the described subclass of the modulation symbol that received is arranged in the described code word in described a plurality of code word.

Some aspect of present disclosure provides a kind of method of wireless communication that is used for.This method generally includes: receive a plurality of modulation symbols corresponding to the bit that is associated with a plurality of code words on a plurality of tones and a plurality of spatial flow.In some respects, approximate being evenly distributed on described a plurality of spatial flow of the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol.In some respects, the described modulation symbol that receives in same space stream in the described subclass is distributed on the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone.In addition, this method also comprises: with the described subclass of the modulation symbol that received be arranged in described a plurality of code words in a described corresponding original order of code word.

Some aspect of present disclosure provides a kind of device that is used for radio communication.This device generally includes the module that is used for receiving corresponding to a plurality of modulation symbols of the bit that is associated with a plurality of code words on a plurality of tones and a plurality of spatial flow.In some respects, approximate being evenly distributed on described a plurality of spatial flow of the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol.In some respects, the described modulation symbol that receives in same space stream in the described subclass is distributed on the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone.In addition, this device comprises that also the described subclass that is used for the modulation symbol that will be received is arranged in the module with the described corresponding original order of code word of described a plurality of code words.

Some aspect of present disclosure provides a kind of computer program that is used for radio communication.Described computer program comprises the computer-readable medium with instruction.When described instruction is performed, make device on a plurality of tones and a plurality of spatial flow, receive a plurality of modulation symbols corresponding to the bit that is associated with a plurality of code words.In some respects, approximate being evenly distributed on described a plurality of spatial flow of the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol.In some respects, the described modulation symbol that receives in same space stream in the described subclass is distributed on the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone.When described instruction is performed, make described device with the described subclass of the modulation symbol that received be arranged in described a plurality of code words in a described corresponding original order of code word.

Some aspect of present disclosure provides a kind of radio node.This node generally includes at least one antenna and receiver, and wherein said receiver is configured to: by described at least one antenna, receive a plurality of modulation symbols corresponding to the bit that is associated with a plurality of code words on a plurality of tones and a plurality of spatial flow.In some respects, approximate being evenly distributed on described a plurality of spatial flow of the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol.In some respects, the described modulation symbol that receives in same space stream in the described subclass is distributed on the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone.In addition, this node also comprises deinterleaver, and it is configured to: with the described subclass of the modulation symbol that received be arranged in described a plurality of code words in a described corresponding original order of code word.

Description of drawings

In order at length to understand the above-mentioned feature of present disclosure,, can obtain the above more specifically description of the content of institute's brief overview by the various aspects (some of them illustrate in the accompanying drawings) of reference present disclosure.Yet, it should be noted that accompanying drawing only shows some typical aspect of present disclosure, therefore it should be interpreted as restriction, because this description can allow other same effectively aspect to the scope of present disclosure.

Fig. 1 shows the figure according to the cordless communication network of some aspect of present disclosure.

Fig. 2 shows according to the exemplary access point of some aspect of present disclosure and the block diagram of user terminal.

Fig. 3 shows the block diagram according to the example wireless device of some aspect of present disclosure.

Fig. 4 shows the block diagram according to the exemplary transmitting entity of some aspect of present disclosure.

Fig. 5 shows the exemplary concepts matrix according to the tone contrast spatial flow of some aspect of present disclosure.

Fig. 6 A-10B shows some aspect according to present disclosure, to the various aspects of the sign map of the matrix of Fig. 5.

Figure 11 shows some aspect according to present disclosure, and each that is used for a plurality of modulated symbols is mapped to the exemplary operations of tone and spatial flow.

Figure 11 A shows the exemplary module that is used to carry out the operation shown in Figure 11.

Figure 12 shows the block diagram according to the exemplary receiving entity of some aspect of present disclosure.

Figure 13 shows some aspect according to present disclosure, is used on a plurality of tones and spatial flow receiving a plurality of modulated symbols, and the symbol that is received is made an explanation with the exemplary operations of the bit of determining origination message.

Figure 13 A shows the exemplary module that is used to carry out the operation shown in Figure 13.

Figure 14 shows the block diagram according to the exemplary transmitting entity of some aspect of present disclosure.

Figure 15 and Figure 16 show the block diagram according to the exemplary receiving entity of some aspect of present disclosure.

Embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings the various aspects of present disclosure are described more fully hereinafter.Yet present disclosure can embody with many different forms, it should be interpreted as being limited in running through present disclosure given any concrete structure or function.On the contrary, provide these aspects so that present disclosure becomes comprehensively and be complete, and will pass on the scope of present disclosure fully to those skilled in the art.Based on instruction herein, those skilled in the art should recognize, the scope of present disclosure is intended to contain any aspect of content disclosed herein, no matter and its any others that are independent of present disclosure realize or combine with any others of present disclosure and to realize.For example, can use the aspect of any amount that this paper provides to realize a kind of a kind of method of installing or implement.In addition, the scope of present disclosure is intended to contain the various aspects of the disclosure that use provides except this paper or is different from other structure, function or the structure of various aspects of the disclosure that this paper provides and this device or the method that function realizes.Any aspect that it should be understood that content disclosed herein can be by one or more will usually embodiment the in the claim.

The meaning of word used herein " exemplary " is " example or an illustration as an example, ".Any aspect of conduct described herein " exemplary " needn't be construed as preferred or have more advantage than others.

Though this paper is described specific aspect, the multiple change of these aspects and variation combination fall within the scope of present disclosure.Though mention some benefit and the advantage of the aspect of description, the scope of present disclosure is not to be intended to be subject to specific benefit, use or purpose.On the contrary, the various aspects of present disclosure are intended to be widely applicable for different wireless technologys, system configuration, network and host-host protocol, and some in above-mentioned are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and in aspect preferred by exemplary mode.Detailed description and drawings only be to illustrating of present disclosure and nonrestrictive, the scope of present disclosure defines by claims and equivalent thereof.

Example wireless communications

Technology described herein can be used for various system of broadband wireless communication, comprises the communication system based on the orthogonal multiplex scheme.The example of this communication system comprises space division multiple access (SDMA) system, time division multiple access (TDMA) system, OFDM (OFDMA) system, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system etc.The SDMA system can make full use of different directions and send the data that belong to a plurality of user terminals simultaneously.Tdma system can allow a plurality of user terminals to share identical frequency channels by transmission signals being divided into different time slots, and each time slot is assigned to different user terminals.Tdma system can be realized GSM or other standard more known in the art.The OFDMA system utilizes OFDM (OFDM), and OFDM is the modulation technique that the whole system bandwidth is divided into the subcarrier of a plurality of quadratures.These subcarriers can also be called tone, frequency range etc.Use OFDM, can utilize data that each subcarrier is modulated independently.Ofdm system can be realized IEEE802.11 or other standard more known in the art.The SC-FDMA system can utilize the FDMA(IFDMA that interweaves) on the subcarrier of crossing over the system bandwidth distribution, send, utilize centralized FDMA(LFDMA) on the piece of adjacent sub-carrier, send, perhaps utilize enhancement mode FDMA(EFDMA) on a plurality of of adjacent sub-carrier, send.Usually, utilize OFDM in frequency domain, to send modulated symbol, utilize SC-FDMA in time domain, to send modulated symbol.The SC-FDMA system can realize 3GPP-LTE(third generation partner program Long Term Evolution) or other standard.

Instruction herein can be incorporated in (for example, within it realize or by its execution) multiple non-wireless means or the wireless device (for example, node).In some respects, the radio node of realizing according to herein instruction can comprise access point or access terminal.

Access point (" AP ") can comprise, is implemented as or is called Node B, radio network controller (" RNC "), evolved Node B (eNB), base station controller (" BSC "), base station transceiver (" BTS "), base station (" BS "), transceiver function (" TF "), wireless router, transceiver, Basic Service Set (" BSS "), extended service set (" ESS "), wireless base station (" RBS ") or a certain other term.

Access terminal (" AT ") can comprise, be implemented as or be called station (STA), subscriber station, subscriber unit, mobile radio station (MS), distant station, remote terminal, user terminal (UT), user agent, user's set, subscriber equipment (UE), subscriber station or a certain other term.In some implementations, access terminal and to comprise that cell phone, cordless telephone, Session initiation Protocol (" SIP ") phone, wireless local loop (" WLL ") are stood, personal digital assistant (" PDA "), have handheld device, the panel computer of wireless connections ability or be connected to a certain other suitable treatment facility of radio modem.Therefore, one or more aspects of instructing (for example can be incorporated into phone herein, cell phone or smart phone), computer (for example, laptop computer), portable communication device, portable computing device are (for example, personal digital assistant), amusement equipment (for example, music or video equipment or satellite radio devices), global positioning system (GPS) equipment or be configured to via any other suitable equipment wireless or that wire medium communicates.In some respects, node is a radio node.For example, this radio node can via the wired or wireless communication link be network (for example, wide area network such as internet or cellular network) provides connective or be provided to the connectedness of network (for example, the wide area network such as internet or cellular network).

Fig. 1 shows the aspect of the wireless communication system 100 with access point and user terminal.System 100 can comprise for example multiple access multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) system.For simplicity, in Fig. 1, only show an access point 110.Usually, access point is the fixed station that communicates with user terminal, and it can also be called the base station or use certain other term.User terminal can be that fix or mobile, and it can also be called mobile radio station, wireless device or a certain other term.In any given moment, access point 110 can communicate with one or more user terminals 120 on down link and up link.Down link (that is, forward link) is the communication link from the access point to the user terminal, and up link (that is reverse link) is the communication link from the user terminal to the access point.User terminal can also be communicated by letter with another user terminal point-to-pointly.System controller 130 is coupled to access point, and coordinates and control for access point provides.

Though some part of following disclosure will be to being described by the user terminal 120 that space division multiple access (SDMA) communicates, for some aspect, user terminal 120 can also comprise the user terminal that some does not support SDMA.Thereby for these aspects, AP110 can be configured to communicate with SDMA user terminal and non-SDMA user terminal.This mode can allow not support the user terminal (" tradition " stands) of the legacy version of SDMA to continue to dispose in enterprise easily, and this has prolonged its useful life and has allowed simultaneously introduces newer SDMA user terminal being considered to suitable situation.

System 100 adopts a plurality of transmitting antennas and a plurality of reception antenna to be used for the transfer of data on down link and up link.Access point 110 is furnished with N _ApIndividual antenna, and representative is at many inputs (MI) of downlink transmission with at many outputs (MO) of ul transmissions.One group K the user terminal of selecting 120 common representative are at many outputs of downlink transmission with at many inputs of ul transmissions.For pure SDMA, if not by some means to the data symbol stream of K user terminal in code, frequency or carry out multiplexingly in the time, expect to have N so _Ap〉=K 〉=1.If it is multiplexing to use the different Code Channel of TDMA technology, use CDMA, disjoint subband set of use OFDM etc. that the data symbols streams is carried out, K can be greater than N so _ApThe user terminal of each selection can send specific to user's data to access point, and/or receives specific to user's data from access point.Usually, the user terminal of each selection can be furnished with one or more antennas (that is N, _Ut〉=1).K the user terminal of selecting can have the antenna of similar number, and perhaps one or more user terminals can have the antenna of different numbers.

System 100 can be time division duplex (TDD) system or Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) (FDD) system.For the TDD system, down link is shared identical frequency band with up link.For the FDD system, down link uses different frequency bands with up link.System 100 can also utilize single carrier or multicarrier to transmit.Each user terminal can be equipped with individual antenna (for example, in order to keep low-cost) or a plurality of antenna (for example, can support under the extra condition of cost).If user terminal 120 is shared identical frequency channels by sending/receive to be divided in the different time slots, wherein can give different user terminals 120 with each time slot allocation, system 100 can also be a tdma system so.

Fig. 2 shows access point 110 in the system 100 and the block diagram of two user terminal 120m and 120x.Access point 110 is furnished with N _t Individual antenna 224a is to 224ap.User terminal 120m is furnished with N _{Ut, m}Individual antenna 252ma is to 252mu, and user terminal 120x is furnished with N _{Ut, x}Individual antenna 252xa is to 252xu.Access point 110 is at the transmitting entity of down link with at the receiving entity of up link.User terminal 120 is at the transmitting entity of up link with at the receiving entity of down link.As used in this article, " transmitting entity " is the device or the equipment that can send the independent operation of data by wireless channel, and " receiving entity " is the device or the equipment that can receive the independent operation of data by wireless channel.In the following description, subscript " dn " expression down link, subscript " up " expression up link is selected N _UpIndividual user terminal is selected N with transmission simultaneously on up link _DnIndividual user terminal is with transmission simultaneously on down link, N _UpCan equal also can be not equal to N _Dn, and N _UpAnd N _DnCan be quiescent value or can change at each scheduling interval.Can use wave beam control or certain other spatial processing technique at access point 110 and/or user terminal 120 places.

On up link, at selected each user terminal 120 place of ul transmissions, TX data processor 288 receives from the business datum of data source 286 and comes the control data of self-controller 280.TX data processor 288 is based on handling (for example, encode, interweave and modulate) with coding that is associated at the selected speed of user terminal and modulation scheme to the business datum of user terminal, and data symbol stream is provided.TX spatial processor 290 is carried out spatial manipulation on data symbol stream, and to N _{Ut, m}Individual antenna provides N _{Ut, m}Individual emission symbols streams.Each transmitter unit (TMTR) 254 receives and handles (for example, transforming to simulation, amplification, filtering and up-conversion) emission symbols streams separately to generate uplink signal.N _{Ut, m}Individual transmitter unit 254 provides N _{Ut, m}Individual uplink signal is with from N _{Ut, m}Individual antenna 252 sends, and for example, sends to access point 110.

In some respects, can be to N _UpIndividual user terminal is dispatched to transmit simultaneously on up link.In these user terminals each can be carried out spatial manipulation on its data symbol stream separately, and on up link its emission symbols streams set is separately sent to access point 110.

At access point 110 places, N _Ap Individual antenna 224a is to 224ap all N from launching in up link _UpIndividual user terminal receiving uplink signal.Each antenna 224 offers separately receiver unit (RCVR) 222 with the signal that receives.Each receiver unit 222 is carried out the process with the performed process complementation of transmitter unit 254, and the symbols streams of reception is provided.RX spatial processor 240 is from N _ApThe N of individual receiver unit 222 _ApCarry out receiver space on the symbols streams of individual reception and handle, and N is provided _UpThe uplink data symbols streams of individual recovery.Can invert according to channel correlation matrix (CCMI), Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), soft interference eliminated (SIC) or certain other technology carry out receiver space and handle.The uplink data symbols streams of each recovery is the estimation of the data symbol stream that user terminal sent separately.RX data processor 242 is handled (for example, demodulation, deinterleaving and decoding) this stream according to the speed that is used for the uplink data symbols streams of each recovery, to obtain decoded data.Decoded data at each user terminal can be offered data sink 244 stores and/or offers controller 230 and further handle.

On down link, at access point 110 places, TX data processor 210 receives from N data source 208, that dispatch at downlink transmission _DnThe business datum of individual user terminal, come self-controller 230 control data and may be from other data of scheduler 234.Can on different transmission channels, send various types of data.TX data processor 210 is handled the business datum of (for example, encode, interweave and modulate) this user terminal based on the speed of selecting at each user terminal.TX data processor 210 provides at N _DnThe N of individual user terminal _DnIndividual down link data symbols streams.TX spatial processor 220 is at N _DnCarry out spatial manipulation (such as precoding or beam shaping) on the individual down link data symbols streams, and to N _ApIndividual antenna provides N _ApIndividual emission symbols streams.Each transmitter unit 222 reception and processing emission symbols streams separately are to generate down link signal.N _ApIndividual transmitter unit 222 can provide N _ApIndividual down link signal is with from N _ApIndividual antenna 224 is transferred to user terminal 120.

At each user terminal 120 place, N _{Ut, m}Individual antenna 252 receives N from access point 110 _ApIndividual down link signal.The signal that each receiver unit 254 is handled from the reception of associated antennas 252, and the symbols streams of reception is provided.RX spatial processor 260 is from N _{Ut, m}The N of individual receiver unit 254 _{Ut, m}Carry out receiver space on the symbols streams of individual reception and handle, and the down link data symbols streams of recovery is provided to user terminal 120.Can carry out the receiver space processing according to CCMI, MMSE or certain other technology.The down link data symbols streams of 270 pairs of recoveries of RX data processor is handled (for example, demodulation, deinterleaving and decoding) to obtain to be used for the decoded data of user terminal.

At each user terminal 120 place, the response of channel estimator 278 estimating down-ward link channels also provides Downlink channel estimation, Downlink channel estimation can comprise channel gain estimation, SNR estimation, noise variance etc.Similarly, channel estimator 228 estimating uplink channel responses and uplink channel estimation is provided.Typically, the controller 280 of each user terminal is based on the downlink channel response matrix H of this user terminal _{Dn, m}Derive the space filtering matrix of this user terminal.Controller 230 is based on effective uplink channel responses matrix H _{Up, eff}Derive the space filtering matrix of access point.The controller 280 of each user terminal can send feedback information (for example, down link and/or up link eigenvector, eigenvalue, SNR estimation etc.) to access point 110.Controller 230 and 280 can also be respectively controlled the operation of each processing unit at access point 110 places and user terminal 120 places.

Fig. 3 shows the various parts that can use in wireless device 302, wherein wireless device 302 can use in communication system 100.Wireless device 302 is the examples that can be configured to realize the equipment of the whole bag of tricks described herein.Wireless device 302 can be access point 110 or user terminal 106.

Wireless device 302 can comprise the processor 304 of the operation of controlling wireless device 302.Processor 304 can also be called central processing unit (CPU).Can comprise that read-only memory (ROM) and random access storage device (RAM) both memories 306 provide instruction and data to processor 304.Part memory 306 can also comprise nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM).Processor 304 can be based on the program command actuating logic and the arithmetical operation that are stored in the processor 306.Instruction in the memory 306 can be carried out to realize method described herein.

Processor 304 can comprise (or) use the assembly of the treatment system that one or more processors realize.These one or more processors can use following combination in any to realize: general purpose microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor (DSP), field programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable logic device (PLD), controller, state machine, gate logic, discrete hardware components, specialized hardware finite state machine or can carry out any other suitable entity of computing or other operation of information.

Treatment system can also comprise the machine readable media that is used for storing software.Software should be interpreted as meaning the instruction of any kind widely, and no matter is to be called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or other term.Instruction can comprise code (for example, with source code format, binary code form, executable code form or any other suitable code format).When being carried out by described one or more processors, these instructions make treatment system carry out the described various functions of the application.

Wireless device 302 can also comprise shell 308, and shell 308 can comprise that transmitter 310 and receiver 312 are to allow the transmission and the reception of data between wireless device 302 and remote location.Transmitter 310 and receiver 312 can be combined into transceiver 314.Single or multiple transmitting antennas 316 can append to shell 308 and be coupled to transceiver 314 electronically.Though not shown, wireless device 302 can also comprise a plurality of transmitters, a plurality of receiver and a plurality of transceiver.

Wireless device 302 can also comprise signal detector 318, and signal detector 318 can be used to attempt to detect and the level of the signal that quantizes to be received by transceiver 314.Signal detector 318 can be energy, power spectral density and other signal of gross energy, the every subcarrier of every symbol with these input.Wireless device 302 can also comprise that digital signal processor (DSP) 320 is to use when the processing signals.

Each parts of wireless device 302 can be coupled to together by bus system 322, and wherein except data/address bus, bus system 322 can also comprise power bus, control signal bus and status signal bus in addition.

The exemplary low time delay that is used for LDPC and other encoding scheme interweaves

In some respects, the system shown in Fig. 1 100 operates according to the IEEE802.11ac wireless communication standard.IEEE802.11ac represents to allow the IEEE802.11 standard revise of the more high-throughput in 802.11 wireless networks.Can realize this higher throughput by several measures (such as once carrying out parallel transmission) to a plurality of stations (STA).In some respects, use wideer channel width (for example, 80MHz or 160MHz).The IEEE802.11ac standard also is called very high-throughput (VHT) wireless communication standard sometimes.

In some respects, the system shown in Fig. 1 100 uses OFDM.As mentioned above, in ofdm system, a plurality of subcarriers can be modulated with data independently.In addition, aspect some of ofdm system, can use a plurality of space channels to send each carrier wave.In some respects, space channel also is called spatial flow.For example, each spatial flow can be corresponding with the antenna of radio node, and can use this antenna to send.Though described some aspect below with reference to ofdm system, those skilled in the art should be realized, also can use other system, and system 100 can realize other means of communication or pattern.

In some systems such as the two-forty ofdm system, the length of code word (for example, low-density checksum (LDPC) code word) is less than the quantity of the bit in the OFDM symbol.This means that only the sub-fraction by tone (subcarrier) sends the bit in each code word, therefore do not realize frequency diversity completely.Interweave completely or increase the LDPC block length and overcome this problem and can cause extra hardware complexity and/or time delay.Increase the time postpone a meeting or conference and postpone by the processing of receiver to data, and can make communication disruption in some cases, for example when can not be enough decoding with the service quality (QoS) supporting the transmission of time-sensitive type and/or expect to communication apace.

Therefore, desired is the technology and the device that interweave and operate that is used to utilize the time delay of minimizing.

Some aspect utilization of present disclosure has the deinterleaving method of the LDPC coding of less interleave depth.This degree of depth sufficient to guarantee sends the encoded bit from each code word on OFDM tone in a big way, wherein this OFDM tone in a big way covers most OFDM frequency spectrum.When comparing with the interleaver that designs at BCC, this deinterleaving method causes littler time delay.

Some aspect of present disclosure can be used for before transmission symbol being interweaved or replacing.In some respects, described symbol perhaps comprises the subclass of this code word corresponding to code word.Described symbol can comprise the continuous symbol from code word, and can use the spatial flow of selection to send on non-adjacent tone.Described symbol can comprise modulated symbol (for example, being shone upon by the 64-QAM mapper), and can send in single OFDM symbol.In addition, the modulated symbol from other code word also can send in this OFDM symbol.In some respects, can be with the sign map of at least one code word to tone and spatial flow so that transmit.By mapping as described herein, the symbol of code word can be dispersed between tone and/or the spatial flow, so that frequency, time and/or space diversity are provided when sending.In some respects, adjacent logic tones is mapped on the non-adjacent physical tones.In some respects, be dispersed in equably between all available tones and the spatial flow that all are available the symbol of code word is approximate.Can not increase under the situation of receive time delay basically, carrying out this displacement, interweave and/or shine upon.Therefore, can under the situation that does not postpone basically to communicate by letter, utilize the frequency, time and/or the space diversity that increase to send code word.In some respects, compare, reduced the processing delay at receiver place with known system.

Fig. 4 is the block diagram of transmitting entity (such as the radio node 400 that uses in system 100).Radio node 400 can be used for transmission information.For example, radio node 400 can be the AP110 shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.In these areas, radio node 400 can be used for a transmission information to user terminal 120.Similarly, radio node 400 can be any one in the user terminal 120 shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.In these areas, radio node 400 can be used for sending information to AP110.Wireless device 302 that can be as shown in reference Fig. 3 description ground realize radio node 400.

Radio node 400 can comprise and is used for encoder 402 that bit stream is encoded.These bits can be represented data or the information that will transmit.For example, these bits can be to receive from data source shown in Fig. 2 208 or data source 286.In some respects, encoder 402 is encoded into code word with bit stream.For example, can use the convection current of forward error correction (FEC) sign indicating number to encode.In one aspect, the FEC sign indicating number that is used by encoder 402 comprises the block code that is used for generated codeword.For example, block code can comprise any in the various suitable block codes of low-density checksum (LDPC) sign indicating number, Reed-Solomon sign indicating number or other.Can use as shown in Figure 2 TX data processor 210 or 288 or controller 230 or 280 realize encoder 402.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize encoder 402.

Radio node 400 can also comprise: be used for the modulator 404 modulated by the bit of encoder 402 determined code words.Modulator 404 can be determined a plurality of symbols according to the bit in this code word for example by according to constellation the bit in the code word being mapped to a plurality of symbols.In one aspect, modulator 404 comprises the 64-QAM(quadrature amplitude modulation) mapper.The 64-QAM mapper can shine upon or definite symbol according to per six bits in the code word.Can use as shown in Figure 2 TX data processor 210 or 288 or controller 230 or 280 realize modulator 404.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize modulator 404.

Radio node 400 can comprise extraly: sign map module 406, its each sign map that is used for the device of automodulation in the future 404 is to tone and spatial flow.These tones can comprise physical channel or subcarrier.As mentioned above, in ofdm system, each in these tones can be modulated with data independently.In addition, as mentioned above, can use one or more spatial flows on each tone, to send data.

In one aspect, by making up and define the OFDM symbol with can be used for sending each spatial flow among the scope of all spatial flows that can be used for sending data in each tone among the scope of all tones of data and this system in the system (for example, system 100).For example, the OFDM concept symbol can be turned to table or matrix, wherein each row of matrix are corresponding with available spatial flow, and each row is corresponding with available tone, as shown in Figure 5.If in system, there is N _SIndividual spatial flow, and in system, have N _TonesIndividual tone, then this matrix will have N _SRow and N _TonesOK.For some aspect, can come representation space stream by row rather than row, and can represent tone by row rather than row.

In the exemplary concepts matrix 500 shown in Fig. 5, there are 4 spatial flows and 10 tones of can be used for the transmission in the system.Yet shown aspect only is an example, and each OFDM symbol can comprise the spatial flow and/or the tone of more or smaller amounts.For example, in the 80MHzMIMO-OFDM system, in the OFDM symbol, can there be 4 spatial flows and 234 tones.Aspect shown, tone is illustrated as tone 0-tone 9.Those skilled in the art should be realized, in fact just purpose for convenience of explanation and use these marks, and tone can be the frequency that is used for sending the scope of data by system.Yet in some respects, the digital 0-9 among the shown tone 0-9 can be called the index (that is tone index) that is used for each tone.Similarly, the digital 0-3 in the shown spatial flow 0-spatial flow 3 can think the index (that is spatial stream index) of each spatial flow.Those skilled in the art should be realized, can have the tone of the transmission that can not be used for user data between these tones shown in Fig. 5.For example, some tone in the ofdm system can be preserved for pilot tone, protection, DC or control signal.

In some respects, the quantity of the modulated symbol in the code word will be less than the quantity of the combination of tone in the OFDM module and spatial flow.Therefore, can in single OFDM symbol, send modulated symbol from a plurality of code words.For example, in the described 80MHz MIMO-OFDM system, can in the OFDM symbol, send the modulated symbol of about three different code words in the above.

Each that can use (for example, the place, crosspoint of row and column sign and represented in the unit of the matrix shown in Fig. 5 500) tone and spatial flow makes up the parameter that is provided for sending modulated symbol.OFDM symbol (it can be called the transmission symbol and can be called receiving symbol at the receiving equipment place at the transmitting apparatus place) can comprise the set of all combinations of tone and spatial flow.

Can use the TX data processor 210 shown in Fig. 2 or 288 or controller 230 or 280 realize sign map module 406.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize sign map module 406.In some respects, use inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module to realize sign map module 406 or its part.To the function of descriptor mapping block 406 in more detail below.

Radio node 400 can also comprise sending module 408, and it is used to send the modulated symbol that has been shone upon by sign map module 406.In one aspect, symbol is written in the unit of aforesaid matrix or table, and symbol is read from this matrix so that sent by sending module 408 then.For example, can use and the corresponding spatial flow of the matrix unit of this symbol, with the corresponding tone of the matrix unit of this symbol on send each symbol.In some respects, each spatial flow is corresponding to different antennas, and all symbols that use identical antenna to send to be mapped to given spatial flow.In some respects, can comprise the output of output port or other form, symbol is outputed to antenna separately.In some respects, in fact symbol is not written in the unit of matrix, but will these sign map to the tone of deriving and the combination of spatial flow from this matrix, for example use locating function or by making index of reference mathematically derive this value.

In some respects, sending module 408 is configured to for example wirelessly send through mapped symbol to AP110 or user terminal 120.Sending module 408 can use the combination (for example, transmitter 222a-222ap, 254m-254mu or the 254xa-254xu shown in Fig. 2) of transmitter (for example, the transmitter shown in Fig. 3 310) or transmitter to realize.Sending module 408 can be realized in transceiver.In some respects, the function of sending module 408 realizes in other module, and does not need to realize discretely with other module shown in Fig. 4.In some respects, sending module 408 comprises antenna and transceiver (for example, antenna 224 and transceiver 222 or antenna 252 and transceiver 254).Can use sending module 408 to send message by antenna.In some respects, can send message by a plurality of antennas as described above.

Possibly can't utilize enough spaces and/or frequency diversity to send according to the scheme line by line of the matrix 600 shown in reference Fig. 6 A or with reference to the modulated symbol of code word that sequentially is mapped to the combination of tone and spatial flow by the row scheme of the matrix 620 shown in Fig. 6 B.For example, as mentioned above,, can use narrow tone and/or narrow spatial flow to send this code word when the quantity of the modulated symbol in the code word during less than the quantity of the combination of tone in the OFDM symbol and spatial flow.

Aspect shown in Fig. 6 A, as an example, code word comprises modulated symbol A-N.Run through this specification, comprise that the example code word of symbol A-N will be called " described code word ", so that itself and other general code word is made a distinction.What those skilled in the art will recognize is that code word can comprise and the shown symbol of comparing more or smaller amounts.For example, in the described 80MHzMIMO-OFDM system, in each code word, there are 324 symbols in the above.Shown code word and symbolic representation only are the purposes that is used to be convenient to description and interpretation.

After being mapped to combination line by line, can only use about 1/3rd available tones to transfer to send the described code word shown in Fig. 6 A.Similarly, after identical described code word being mapped to combination, as shown in Fig. 6 B, can only use the spatial flow of half to send described code word by row ground.If with the length of code word be increased to the OFDM symbol in the quantity of combination more closely mate, then the complexity of encoder 402 can similarly increase, the time delay of the communication in the system 100 also can increase.

Yet, can use method described herein, pattern and scheme, in a big way tone and/or spatial flow, to send the symbol of code word.In some respects, under the situation that increases complexity and/or time delay not significantly, from this transmission, realize the increase on the diversity.In some respects, reduced time delay.To recognize based on describing below as those skilled in the art, can be with respect to the logic tones of the continuous symbol of code word, come the physical tones of at least one subclass of being used to send these symbols is replaced.For example, be mapped in the subclass of same space stream any symbol will with this subclass that is mapped to this same space stream in the non-conterminous tone of tone of another symbol on send.In some respects, with tone and the spatial flow combination of the sign map in this subclass on the scope of the approximate scope that is evenly distributed on all tones and all spatial flows.

Get back to the function of sign map module 406 now, descriptor mapping block 406 can be used for modulated symbol (for example, coming from modulator 404) is mapped to the whole bag of tricks, pattern or the scheme of tone and spatial flow.Those skilled in the art should be realized that method described herein, pattern or scheme only are the examples that is used to illustrate some disclosed notion, and can use other method, pattern or the scheme of modulated sign map to transmission symbol.

Below with reference to the example code word with symbol A-N as discussed above these methods, pattern or scheme are described.As top further discussion, what those skilled in the art will recognize is that code word can comprise and the shown symbol of comparing more or smaller amounts.In addition, below with reference to the example OFDM symbol with tone 0-9 and spatial flow 0-spatial flow 3 as discussed above these methods, pattern or scheme are described.As top further discussion, transmission symbol can comprise the spatial flow and/or the tone of more or smaller amounts, therefore can be used to send and the shown modulated symbol of comparing more or smaller amounts.

In the

example matrix

700 and 720 that Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B are illustrated respectively, at first with the sign map of described code word to all combinations with tone 0.Therefore, symbol A-D is mapped to { spatial flow 0, tone 0}, { spatial flow 1, tone 0}, { spatial flow 2, tone 0} and { spatial flow 3, tone 0}.In some respects, as shown in Figure 7A, symbol A-D sequentially is mapped to spatial flow.In others, symbol A-D is mapped to spatial flow randomly, perhaps use the order of non-order to shine upon.

After symbol A-D is shone upon, symbol E-H can be mapped to and have and tone 0 all combinations of the tone (that is non-adjacent tone) of at least one tone at interval.Therefore, symbol E-H can be mapped in the tone 2-tone 9 any one.In one aspect, the quantity of the tone that skip can be predetermined (for example, pre-determine be distance D), and perhaps the quantity of the tone that will skip can be any amount of the maximum spacing of definition nearly.For example, in the matrix shown in Fig. 7 A 700, symbol E-H is mapped to tone 2.Therefore, a tone is spaced apart with the mapping of symbol A-D and symbol E-H.Can respectively symbol I-L and M-N be mapped to tone 4 and tone 6 similarly.In some respects, the quantity of the tone that skip can be the integer between 1 and 9.For example, this integer can comprise the little integer of integer factors than the number of tones within the range of pitch that can be used for sending data.

In yet another aspect, can be based on the quantity N of the symbol among the code word _ScAnd the quantity N of the modulated symbol among the transmission symbol (such as the OFDM symbol) _St, the quantity of coming the definite tone that will skip.For example, two sign map that are mapped to same space stream can be less than or equal to N to differing _St/ N _ScThe tone of integer of maximum, perhaps be mapped to and differ by more than or equal N _St/ N _ScThe tone of integer of minimum.In the matrix shown in Fig. 7 B 720, the symbol in the described code word is mapped to and differs ceil (N _St/ N _ScThe tone of)=3.In some respects, distance D discussed above is greater than N _St/ N _Sc

If according to aspect described above, first module from first row of the matrix shown in Fig. 5 500 is initial, the symbol with index i in the code word sequentially is mapped to the combination of tone and spatial flow, then can uses following formula to be identified for the index of the spatial flow of symbol:

Spatial flow=i mod N _S(1).

Aspect this, can use formula (2) or formula (3) to be identified for the index of the tone of symbol:

Tone=floor (i/N _S) x floor (N _St/ N _Sc) (2)

Tone=floor (i/N _S) x ceil (N _St/ N _Sc) (3).

In some respects, can use formula (4) to be identified for the index of the tone of symbol:

Tone=floor (i/N _S) x D (4)

Wherein, D is aforesaid tone mapping distance.In some respects, D can be floor (N _St/ N _Sc), ceil (N _St/ N _Sc) or for a plurality of different N _StValue is constant number.For example, in some respects, D is equal to or greater than 2 and be less than or equal to 10 integer.Give one example, D can be the factor that can be used for sending the number of tones within the scope of tone of data again.Certainly, do not need the first module from first row of matrix to begin the symbol in the code word is shone upon.Can begin from any position of matrix the symbol the code word is shone upon.For example, can be with first sign map of the code word of after the described code word shown in Fig. 7 A, shining upon to { spatial flow 2, tone 6}.

In the

example matrix

800 and 820 shown in the difference, each symbol in the described code word is mapped to and different tone and the spatial flows of symbol before it in Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B.For example, can with each sign map to before the adjacent tone of the tone that symbol was mapped to, and be mapped to and any spatial flow that the spatial flow that symbol was mapped to before is inequality.

In the matrix shown in Fig. 8 A 800, at first symbol A is mapped to { spatial flow 0, tone 0}.Subsequently, symbol B is mapped to { spatial flow 0, tone 0}.Sequentially follow-up spatial flow is mapped to adjacent tone and adjacent spatial flow.When arriving the edge of matrix, mapping " unrolling " is to an opposite side.Therefore, the mapping of symbol E is unrolled to spatial flow 0, and the mapping of symbol K is unrolled to tone 0.

In Fig. 8 A, approximate equably the subclass of symbol A-J is mapped within the scope of tone 0-tone 9, and spatial flow 0 is within the scope of spatial flow 3.After the symbol that has shone upon this subclass, can be for example randomly or according to the mapping scheme of the symbol that is used for this subclass, the residue symbol in the described code word is filled.

If according to aspect described above, first module from first row of the matrix shown in Fig. 5 begins, sequentially, then can use following formula to be identified for the index of the spatial flow of symbol with the combination of the sign map in the code word to tone and spatial flow with index i:

Spatial flow=i mod N _S(5).

Aspect this, for less than N _TonesAll values, can use following formula to be identified for the index of the tone of this symbol.

Tone=i (6)

For having the N of being equal to or greater than _TonesThe symbol of index i, at N _TonesValue can not be by N _SSituation about dividing exactly can use following formula to be identified for the index of the tone of these symbols,

Tone=N _TonesMod N _S(7)

And at N _TonesValue can be by N _SSituation about dividing exactly uses following formula to be identified for the index of the tone of these symbols.

Tone=N _TonesMod N _S+ 1 (8)

In some respects, can use cyclic shift to realize this mapping.Certainly, do not need the first module from first row of matrix to begin the symbol in the code word is shone upon.Can begin the symbol in the code word is shone upon in any position from matrix.

In the matrix shown in Fig. 8 B 820, symbol A is mapped to tone 0 and spatial flow at random.The spatial flow spatial flow at random inequality that the symbol B of back is mapped to tone 1 and is mapped to symbol A.Similarly, the spatial flow spatial flow at random inequality that symbol C is mapped to tone 2 and is mapped to symbol B.In example matrix 820, only show symbol A-J.Those skilled in the art should be realized, can shine upon symbol K-N in this way similarly.

In the

example matrix

900 and 920 shown in the difference, the symbol of described code word at first is mapped to all combinations with spatial flow 0 in Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B.Yet, each continuous symbol is mapped to having is separated by with the tone of previous symbol is at least the combination of one tone.In one aspect, can pre-determine the quantity (for example, pre-determining is distance D) of the tone that will skip, perhaps the quantity of the tone that will skip can be any amount that reaches the maximum spacing of definition.For example, symbol A-E can be mapped to { spatial flow 0, tone 0}, { spatial flow 0, tone 2}, { spatial flow 0, tone 4}, { spatial flow 0, tone 6} and { spatial flow 0, tone 8} respectively.In some respects, the quantity of the tone that skip can be the integer between 1 and 9.For example, this integer can comprise the number less than the integer factors of the number of tones within the range of pitch that can be used for sending data.

In yet another aspect, can be based on the quantity N of the symbol among the code word _ScAnd the quantity N of the modulated symbol among the transmission symbol (such as the OFDM symbol) _St, the quantity of coming the definite tone that will skip.For example, two sign map that are mapped to same space stream can be less than or equal to N to differing _St/ N _ScThe tone of integer of maximum, perhaps be mapped to and differ by more than or equal N _St/ N _ScThe tone of smallest positive integral.In the matrix shown in Fig. 9 A and the

9B

900 and 920, the symbol in the described code word is mapped to and differs ceil (N _St/ N _ScThe tone of)=3.In some respects, distance D discussed above is greater than N _St/ N _Sc

In some respects, when with some symbol in the described code word during combination within the approximate scope that is mapped to the tone that is associated with a spatial flow equably, with next sign map to the combination that comprises tone 0 and adjacent spatial flow.Therefore, in the matrix shown in Fig. 9 A 900, symbol F is mapped to { spatial flow 1, tone 0}.

In others, when with some symbol in the described code word during combination within the approximate scope that is mapped to the tone that is associated with a spatial flow equably, with next sign map to comprising adjacent spatial flow and making that maintenance is to the combination of the tone of skipping of tone when " unrolling " to the top from the bottom of matrix.Therefore, in the matrix shown in Fig. 9 B 920, symbol F is mapped to { spatial flow 1, tone 2}.This is because as mentioned above, based on ceil (N _St/ N _Sc)=3 and skipped tone 0 and tone 1.

If according to aspect described above, first module from first row of the matrix shown in Fig. 5 begins, sequentially the combination of the sign map of index i to tone and spatial flow will be had in the code word, then can use following formula to be identified for the index (that is spatial stream index) of the spatial flow of a symbol:

Spatial flow=floor (i/N _Tones) (9).

Aspect this, can use equation (10) or (11) to be identified for the index (that is tone index) of the tone of this symbol:

Tone=floor (N _St/ N _Sc) x i mod N _Tones(10)

Tone=ceil (N _St/ N _Sc) x i mod N _Tones(11).

Certainly, do not need the first module from first row of matrix to begin the symbol in the code word is shone upon.Can begin from any position of matrix the symbol the code word is shone upon.Aspect only using that a spatial flow transmits, can use mapping described above aspect with the modulated sign map in the code word to tone so that transmit.Aspect this, the scope of spatial flow will be one, and the symbol of this code word will be distributed among the range of pitch at the scope of a spatial flow.

Aspect described above shows the mapping to the modulated symbol that is associated with code word.Yet those skilled in the art should be realized that the sign map that aspect described above can be used for being associated with a plurality of code words is to single OFDM symbol.For example, can in single OFDM symbol, send modulated symbol from a plurality of code words.Before this OFDM symbol of transmission, with modulated sign map in this OFDM symbol tone and each combination of spatial flow.If during shining upon, do not wanted mapped symbol in the given code word, then the symbol from subsequent codewords is shone upon.This process continues to carry out, till modulated sign map being made up to each.In some respects, a kind of according in the aspect described above shone upon each symbol.In yet another aspect, a kind of according in the aspect described above shone upon the symbol from first code word, and used different schemes or aspect, and the symbol from subsequent codewords is shone upon.In some respects, the modulated symbol segmentation that is associated with a code word can be arrived among two or more OFDM symbols.For example, can be with the modulated sign map that is associated with this code word to this OFDM symbol, till with all combinations in this OFDM symbol of modulated sign map.To in this code word there be mapped any modulated symbol will be mapped to next OFDM symbol thereafter.

Figure 10 A shows the aspect of modulated sign map to an OFDM symbol that will be associated with a plurality of code words.Aspect shown, this OFDM symbol comprises tone 0-tone 7 and spatial flow 0-spatial flow 3.In addition, aspect shown, represented the symbol that is associated with three code words.With the symbol of " 1 " expression, with the symbol of " 2 " expression, with the symbol of " 3 " expression from the 3rd code word from second code word from first code word.Aspect shown, each in these code words all is associated with 12 symbols.Yet, only will with the corresponding symbol of the 3rd code word in 8 be mapped to shown OFDM symbol.Can will arrive follow-up OFDM symbol with corresponding all the other 4 sign map of the 3rd code word.

Seen in Figure 10 A, arrive, with the corresponding symbol of each code word in these three code words be mapped to the tone that interweaves so that transmit.Use this mode, can be with respect to the symbolic logic tone of each code word in these code words, the whole physical tones that are used to transmit these symbols are replaced.In one aspect, can carry out this displacement by the IFFT module that is configured to so that order any or that replace is exported tone.In some respects, do not have in time delay to carry out this displacement under the situation of increase or insignificant increase.

Figure 10 B shows another aspect of modulated sign map to an OFDM symbol that will be associated with a plurality of code words.Aspect shown, be similar to Figure 10 A, once more will be from sign map to an OFDM symbol of first code word, second code word and the 3rd code word, and represent by " 1 ", " 2 " and " 3 ".Yet, in Figure 10 B, this OFDM symbol is depicted as identical with OFDM symbol among Fig. 7 B.In addition, with the similar fashion of the symbol A-N shown in Fig. 7 B, the sign map that will be associated with first symbol is to this OFDM symbol.Yet Figure 10 B shows: for example, then the unit of the position that is mapped to of the last symbol N of first code word begins from matrix, similarly with second symbol and the 3rd sign map to this OFDM symbol.

Aspect shown, the last sign map of first code word can be arrived { spatial flow 1, tone 9}.Therefore, first sign map of second code word can be arrived { spatial flow 2, tone 9}.With second sign map in second code word after spatial flow 3, the tone 9}, can carry out " unrolling " to the mapping of the symbol in second code word, and make in second code word the 3rd symbol be mapped to { spatial flow 0, tone 2}.In some respects, the 3rd symbol can alternatively be mapped to { spatial flow 0, tone 1}.Aspect shown, with the last sign map of second code word to { spatial flow 3, tone 8}.Therefore, first sign map of the 3rd code word can be arrived spatial flow 0, tone 1}, and the 12 sign map of the 3rd code word can be arrived { spatial flow 3, tone 7}.Aspect shown, the 13 symbol and the 14 sign map of the 3rd code word can be arrived follow-up OFDM symbol.

Though above used the term such as " first " and " next one " to describe various aspects, the mapping of symbol is not limited to any order that top description is implied.One of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that and to shine upon symbol with any order.

As mentioned above, can be by the bit in the symbol being written to the table or the matrix of expression OFDM symbol, and from this table or matrix, read these symbols subsequently, carry out sign map according to aspect discussed above.In addition, as mentioned above, in some respects, reality is not written to these symbols in the unit of matrix, but can still be mapped to the combination of tone and spatial flow.For example, can be according to aspect discussed above, by using locating function or, sign map being arrived tone and spatial flow by making index of reference value of derivation mathematically.In addition, also can use other method or means that modulated symbol is shone upon, come the tone that is used to send modulated symbol or modulated symbol are interweaved or replace.

Figure 11 shows each that be used for a plurality of modulation symbols and is mapped to the exemplary operations 1100 of tone and spatial flow.Can use operation 1100 to come from radio node (for example, radio node 400) transmission information.In some respects, operation 1100 is used for from AP110 to user terminal 120 transmission information, perhaps from accessing terminal to AP transmission information.Though these operations are usually described by the unit below with reference to radio node 400, those skilled in the art should be realized, can use other assembly to realize one or more in the operation described herein.

1102, bits of encoded is become a plurality of bits be associated with a plurality of code words.Data or information that the bit of encoding at 1102 places can indicate to send.As mentioned above, bit is encoded to comprise FEC sign indicating number or other block code of use such as the LDPC sign indicating number.In some respects, bit encoded can be comprised and increase other bit, makes amount of bits in described a plurality of bit greater than the quantity of the bit before coding.For example, this encoding operation can be carried out by encoder 402.

After encoding,, described a plurality of bits are mapped to a plurality of modulation symbols 1104.For example, this mapping can be carried out by modulator 404.As mentioned above, modulator 404 can comprise: the 64-QAM mapper that is configured to carry out this mapping.

Subsequently, 1106, in described a plurality of modulated symbols each is mapped to tone and spatial flow.As mentioned above, the tone that is used for each modulation symbol of these modulation symbols can be any tone within the range of pitch, and spatial flow can be any spatial flow within the spatial flow scope.In some respects, might make up can be corresponding to the OFDM symbol in the institute of tone within the range of pitch and the spatial flow within the spatial flow scope.

In some respects, with some the approximate spatial flows that are mapped to equably within the spatial flow scope in the modulation symbol.These modulation symbols can corresponding to described a plurality of code words in a successive bits that code word is associated.In addition, when these modulation symbols are mapped to common spatial flow, these modulation symbols can be mapped to non-conterminous tone.Therefore,, can shine upon, make and physical tones is replaced with respect to logic tones to these modulated symbols 1106.

As mentioned above, modulation symbol can be mapped to all combinations with first tone.Other modulation symbol can be mapped to all combinations that have with non-conterminous second tone of first tone.For example, second tone can with the be separated by tone of predetermined quantity of first tone, perhaps can determine the spacing of first tone and second tone based on the quantity of the quantity of all possible combination and the symbol that is associated with code word.Can be with other sign map to having and non-conterminous three-toned all combinations of second tone.

In addition, as mentioned above, after the combination that modulation symbol is mapped to first tone and first spatial flow, next modulation symbol can be mapped to the combination of second tone different and second spatial flow different with first spatial flow with first tone.In some respects, second tone is adjacent with first tone, and second spatial flow is adjacent with first spatial flow.This mapping can be proceeded at all symbols that are associated with code word or at the subclass of the symbol that is associated with this code word, and can work as when arriving maximum tone or spatial flow and unroll.

Further describe as top, can be with the approximate tone that makes up with common spatial flow that is mapped to equably of the symbol of code word.Can with these sign map to the tone of the predetermined quantity of being separated by or based on the tone of the determined number of tones of quantity of the quantity that might make up and the symbol that is associated with code word.For example, after the combination that modulation symbol is mapped to first tone and first spatial flow, next modulation symbol can be mapped to the combination of second tone and first spatial flow, wherein second tone and first tone at least one other tone of being separated by.Can be similarly with the combination of sign map to tone and other spatial flow.

For some aspect, the modulation symbol in the described subclass can be mapped to and make described a plurality of tone and the relevant matrix of described a plurality of spatial flows.I modulation symbol in the described subclass can be mapped to and have for i mod N _SSpatial stream index spatial flow and have and be i or floor (i/N _S) tone of tone index of x D, wherein N _SBe the quantity of the spatial flow in described a plurality of spatial flow, and D is the tone mapping distance.Tone mapping distance D can comprise in following: floor (N _St/ N _Sc), ceil (N _St/ N _Sc) or for a plurality of different N _StValue is constant number, wherein, and N _StBe the quantity of the described modulated symbol in the transmission symbol, and wherein, N _ScBe the quantity of the described modulated symbol in the described code word in described a plurality of code word.For some aspect, can with corresponding with the described code word in described a plurality of code words and not the modulated sign map among described subclass to described matrix, and wherein, with k modulated sign map to having for the tone of the tone index of k and having N for max (i) mod _SThe spatial flow of spatial stream index (if max (i) can not be by N _SDivide exactly) or have N for max (i) mod _SThe spatial flow of+1 spatial stream index is (if max (i) can be by N _SDivide exactly).

For others, the modulation symbol in the described subclass can be mapped to and make described a plurality of tone and the relevant matrix of described a plurality of spatial flows.I modulation symbol in the described subclass can be mapped to and have (i/N for floor _Tones) spatial stream index spatial flow and have (N for floor _St/ N _Sc) x imod N _TonesOr ceil (N _St/ N _Sc) x i mod N _TonesThe tone of tone index, N wherein _TonesBe the quantity of the tone in described a plurality of tone, N _StBe the quantity of the modulation symbol in the transmission symbol, N _ScBe the quantity of the modulation symbol in the described code word in described a plurality of code word.

For some aspect, each modulation symbol that shines upon in described a plurality of modulation symbol comprises: first modulation symbol in the described subclass is mapped to first tone and first spatial flow; Second modulation symbol in the described subclass is mapped to described first tone and second spatial flow; To second tone and the 3rd spatial flow, wherein, described first tone and described second tone are non-adjacent with the 3rd modulated sign map in the described subclass.In the described code word in described a plurality of code words, with the corresponding bit of the described second modulated symbol can followed by with the corresponding bit of the described first modulated symbol, and in the described code word in described a plurality of code words, with the corresponding bit of the described the 3rd modulated symbol can followed by with the corresponding bit of the described second modulated symbol.

According to some aspect, the quantity that the quantity of the tone between first tone and second tone can be equal to (among described a plurality of tones and described a plurality of spatial flow) possible tone and spatial flow combination approx is divided by the quantity of the modulation symbol that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words.

As described herein, can use tone mapping distance parameter D, the stream of all (LDPC) codings is carried out mapping (it can comprise the mapping of LDPC tone) to modulation symbol.For each bandwidth, D can be a constant, and the D value at different bandwidth is provided in the following table 1:

Table 1: the tone mapping distance that is used for every kind of bandwidth

The mapping at 1106 places can be carried out by sign map module 406.In some respects, the whole or a part of of the mapping at 1106 places are carried out by the IFFT module, wherein this IFFT module can with sign map module 406 in combination, as its part or realize discretely.

1108, send the modulation symbol that is shone upon.In some respects, the spatial flow that can for example use symbol to be mapped to sends each mapped symbol on the tone that this symbol is mapped to.In some respects, each spatial flow is corresponding to independent antenna, and use antenna separately sends the symbol that is mapped to each spatial flow.Described transmission can be carried out by sending module 408.For example, mapped symbol wirelessly can be sent to node in the system 100.

Figure 12 shows the block diagram of a kind of exemplary receiving entity (for example, the radio node 1200 that uses) in system 100.Radio node 1200 can be used to receive the information that for example sends from radio node 400.For example, radio node 1200 can be the AP110 shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.Aspect this, radio node 1200 can be used for receiving an information of using mapped symbol to send from user terminal 120.Similarly, radio node 1200 can be any one in the user terminal 120 shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.Aspect this, radio node 1200 can be used to receive the information of using mapped symbol to send from AP110.The wireless device 302 described radio nodes 1200 of realizing that can be as shown in reference Fig. 3.

Radio node 1200 can comprise: the receiver module 1202 that is used for receiving symbol on each tone and spatial flow.These symbols are corresponding with the mapped symbol that is sent by radio node 400.Therefore, these sign map are arrived tone and spatial flow as with reference to above aspect with describing.Therefore, on the scope of the spatial flow that can be used for receiving data, can be similar at least one subclass that receives these symbols equably.Symbol in this subclass can be corresponding to the bit that is associated with code word.In some respects, the original order of these bits (before being shone upon by radio node 400 and sending) is continuous.In some respects, the symbol in the described subclass that receives on common spatial flow is to receive on the non-adjacent tone among the range of pitch.In some respects, can on antenna separately, receive with the corresponding symbol of each spatial flow.In some respects, can comprise the input of input port or other form, so that from each antenna receiving symbol.

Receiver module 1202 can use the combination (for example, receiver 222a-222ap, 254m-254mu or the 254xa-254xu shown in Fig. 2) of receiver (for example, the receiver shown in Fig. 3 312) or receiver to realize.Receiver module 1202 can be realized in transceiver.In some respects, the function of receiver module 1202 realizes in other module, and does not need to realize discretely with other module shown in Figure 12.In some respects, receiver module 1202 comprises antenna and transceiver (for example, antenna 224 and transceiver 222 or antenna 252 and transceiver 254).Can use receiver module 1202, receive message via antenna.In some respects, as mentioned above, can receive message via a plurality of antennas.

In addition, radio node 1200 can also comprise deinterleaver 1204, and its symbol arrangement that is used for receiving at least one code word becomes the original order of this code word.In some respects, the modulated symbol that will receive in the OFDM symbol is written in the table or matrix of the matrix 500 that is similar to shown in Fig. 5.After storing into these symbols in the matrix, can come from this matrix, to read these symbols according to the mapping scheme that uses by radio node 400.In some respects, reality is not written to these symbols in the unit of matrix, but deinterleaver 1204 for example is configured to use, and locating function or mathematical algorithm are arranged these symbols.In some respects, the mapping scheme that is used by radio node 400 is that deinterleaver 1204 priori are known.In others, can receive the information of this scheme of indication at receiver module 1202 places, so that notify suitable mapping to deinterleaver 1204.For example, this information can send on control channel, perhaps is included in the one or more grouping that has in the described symbol to send.

If deinterleaver 1204 is known these symbols and how to shine upon that then deinterleaver 1204 can become complete code word with the symbol arrangement that receives.For example, deinterleaver 124 can be given a code word with all allocation of symbols that receive on first tone.Similarly, can will give this code word going up all allocation of symbols that receive with non-conterminous second tone of first tone (perhaps the 3rd tone etc.).Therefore, mapped symbol arrangement as shown in Figure 7A and 7B can be become code word, the mapped symbol shown in Figure 10 A and the 10B is equally also passable.In some respects, deinterleaver 1204 can use the inverse operation of formula (1)-(4), determines the suitable index of the symbol of reception.

Give one example again, deinterleaver 1204 can with the symbol that on first tone and first spatial flow, receives and with first tone, second tone inequality with first spatial flow, second spatial flow inequality on another symbol arrangement of receiving become a code word.Therefore, Fig. 8 A can be become a code word with the mapped symbol arrangement shown in the 8B.If deinterleaver 1204 is known the standard that is used to shine upon each symbol, then deinterleaver can be with the symbol arrangement that receives in this code word.In some respects, deinterleaver 1204 can use the inverse operation of formula (5)-(8), determines the suitable index of the symbol of reception.

Give one example, deinterleaver 1204 can will receive on common spatial flow, and the symbol arrangement that receives on the tone of interval predetermined quantity tone becomes a code word again.Therefore, Fig. 9 A can be become a code word with the mapped symbol arrangement shown in the 9B.In some respects, deinterleaver 1204 can use the inverse operation of formula (9)-(11), determines the suitable index of the symbol of reception.

Therefore, deinterleaver 1204 can be configured to: the symbol arrangement that will be associated with a code word and receive on the physical tones of one group of displacement becomes the original configuration at the logic tones of this code word.In some respects, on two or more OFDM symbols, receive symbol at a code word.In some respects, can use the RX data processor 270 shown in Fig. 2 or 242 or controller 230 or 280 realize deinterleaver 1204.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize deinterleaver 1204.In some respects, use fast Fourier transform (FFT) module to realize deinterleaver 1204 or its part.As mentioned above, the mapping according to the symbol of aspect described above can reduce time delay.Use this mode, can for example reduce the time delay of the processing at radio node 1200 places at deinterleaver 1204 places.

In addition, radio node 1200 can also comprise demodulator 1206, and it is used for bit that the symbolic solution furnishing is associated with a plurality of code words.After described symbol suitably being arranged in the original order of code word by deinterleaver 1204, the bit that these symbolic solution furnishings can be associated with this code word.For example, demodulator 1206 can be carried out the inverse operation of the mapping of the symbol of bit in the constellation.In some respects, demodulator comprises the 64-QAM demodulator.The 64-QAM demodulator can be determined six bits of this code word according to the symbol of each reception that is associated with code word.In some respects, can use the RX data processor 270 shown in Fig. 2 or 242 or controller 230 or 280 realize demodulator 1206.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize demodulator 1206.

Radio node 1200 can additionally comprise the decoder 1208 that is used for decoding from the bit of demodulator 1206.In one aspect, decoder 1208 receives the bit that is associated with code word, and the output expression is by the bit stream of the data of radio node 400 transmissions.For example, can use block code (form that for example, is used for FEC sign indicating number that code word is encoded) that these code words are decoded.In some respects, decoder 1208 is configured to: use in the various suitable block codes of LDPC sign indicating number, Reed-Solomon sign indicating number or other any one, bit is decoded.In some respects, the bit that is associated with code word is decoded comprise: remove some bit.

In some respects, decoder 1208 is configured to: carry out iterative decoding, for example, the LDPC iterative decoding.In one aspect, can be used in the time delay of for example aforesaid minimizing during the time migration of carrying out iterative decoding is handled the symbol that receives.Therefore, when using the mapping of symbol described above, to the information that receives can keep constant total processing time, perhaps can reduce in some respects.In some respects, can use the RX data processor 270 shown in Fig. 2 or 242 or controller 230 or 280 realize decoder 1208.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize decoder 1208.

Figure 13 shows and is used on a plurality of tones and spatial flow receiving a plurality of modulation symbols, and the symbol that is received is made an explanation with the exemplary operations 1300 of the bit of determining origination message.Can use operation 1300 to come from radio node (for example, radio node 400) reception information.Radio node (for example, radio node 1200) can be used to carry out this reception.In some respects, use operation 1300 to receive from AP110 or from user terminal 120 information.Though these operations are usually described by the unit below with reference to radio node 1200, those of ordinary skills should be understood that, can use other assembly to realize one or more in the operation described herein.

1302, on a plurality of tones and a plurality of spatial flow, receive a plurality of modulation symbols.These modulation symbols can be corresponding to the bit that is associated with a plurality of code words.The subclass of described a plurality of modulated symbols can corresponding to described a plurality of code words in a successive bits that code word is associated, and the modulation symbol of this subclass can be similar to and is evenly distributed on described a plurality of spatial flow.In some respects, on the modulation symbol in the described subclass that (that is, same space stream in) on the common spatial flow receives is distributed in non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone.For example, the reception at 1302 places operation can be carried out by receiver module 1202.

1304, with the described subclass of the modulation symbol that received be arranged in described a plurality of code words in a corresponding original order of code word.For example, as top described, can come modulation symbol is suitably arranged based on indicating the information of modulation symbol being shone upon employed scheme with reference to deinterleaver 1204.This information can be the known or reception of priori.In some respects, can use with formula (1)-(11) in the corresponding function of any one inverse operation determine the index of symbol.In some respects, the modulation symbol that receives is written to table or matrix, and from table or matrix, reads these modulation symbols.In others, for example, to searching or mathematically determine in the position of modulation symbol.Described arrangement can be carried out by deinterleaver 1204.In some respects, the FFT physical tones that is configured to replace at the symbol of code word is arranged in the logic tones of this code word.For example, the arrangement at 1304 places can comprise: the physical tones that receives described a plurality of modulation symbols is thereon replaced, to attempt that described a plurality of modulation symbols are arranged in a plurality of logic tones.

After arrange modulation symbol at 1304 places,, the modulation symbol that is associated with this code word is carried out demodulation 1306.Described demodulation oppositely bit to the mapping of modulation symbol.Therefore, can discern a plurality of bits at 1306 places.For example, this demodulation operation can be carried out by demodulator 1206.

1308, the bit through demodulation is decoded.For example, can use any in block code such as LDPC sign indicating number, Reed-Solomon sign indicating number or various other suitable block code that bit through demodulation is decoded.This demodulation can be determined the bit stream of the data that expression sends based on the described a plurality of bits that are associated with code word.The decode operation at 1308 places can be carried out by decoder 1208.

Figure 14 shows in system 100 aspect of the radio node 1400 that uses.Radio node 1400 can be used for transmission information.For example, radio node 1400 can be the AP110 shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.Aspect this, radio node 1400 can be used for a transmission information to user terminal 120.Similarly, radio node 1400 can be any one in the user terminal 120 shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.Aspect this, radio node 1400 can be used for sending information to AP110.Can with reference to the wireless device shown in Fig. 3 302 realize radio node 1400 with describing.

Aspect shown in Figure 14, radio node 1400 is illustrated as being configured to send to two users the access point of data.Yet radio node 1400 can only send data to a user, perhaps is configured to send data to plural user.

Radio node 1400 can comprise: be used for encoder 1412 that bit stream is encoded.These bits can be represented to be used for to first user or install data or the information of transmitting, as shown in Figure 14.For example, these bits can be to receive from data source shown in Fig. 2 208 or data source 286.In some respects, encoder 1412 uses the error correcting code such as the FEC sign indicating number that bit stream is encoded, so that for example increase from the robustness of the communication of radio node 1400 transmissions.Aspect shown in Figure 14, encoder 1412 comprises the BCC encoder, and it is configured to use Binary Convolutional Code (BCC) that bit is encoded.The BCC encoder can be used for (for example being transferred to, tradition accesses terminal to receive and uses block code to carry out information encoded) data that access terminal of tradition encode, perhaps can use according to the data of selected transmission mode or some type that will transmit.Can use the TX data processor 210 shown in Fig. 2 or 288 or controller 230 or 280 realize encoder 1412.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize encoder 1412.

In addition, radio node 1400 can also comprise stream analyzer 1414, and it is used for the coded-bit at the user is separated to not homogeneous turbulence.For example, each stream can be corresponding with each self-application or the process of operation on the accessing terminal of this user.Aspect shown, stream analyzer 1414 is cut apart the bit of these codings and is claimed two independent streams.In some respects, omitted stream analyzer 1414, and single bit stream has been passed to interleaver 1415.In others, stream analyzer 1414 is determined and will only be sent a stream to this user.In some respects, stream analyzer 1414 can be divided into encoded bit plural stream.In some respects, radio node 1400 can be handled nearly eight streams simultaneously.In some respects, the stream of being resolved by stream analyzer 1414 can be called logical space stream.Can use the TX data processor 210 shown in Fig. 2 or 288 or controller 230 or 280 realize stream analyzer 1414.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize stream analyzer 1414.

Interleaver 1415 is configured to: to being interweaved by encoder 1412 coded bits.In some respects, interleaver 1415a and 1415b receive respectively and separately the encoded bit stream from stream analyzer 1414 of interweaving.Interleaver 1415 can rearrange these encoded bits, make with the order that is received from encoder 1412 or stream analyzer 1414 order inequality with its output.Can use the TX data processor 210 shown in Fig. 2 or 288 or controller 230 or 280 realize interleaver 1415.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize interleaver 1415.

In addition, radio node 1400 can also comprise constellation mapper 1416, and it is used for according to constellation the bit through interweaving being mapped to a plurality of symbols.In some respects, constellation mapper 1416a and 1416b receive respectively and shine upon separately the bit stream that interweaves from interleaver 1415a and 1415b.Each mapped symbol can be associated with logic tones.In some respects, above can being configured to similarly, constellation mapper 1416, perhaps use this modulator 404 to realize with reference to the described modulator 404 of Fig. 4.

In addition, radio node 400 can also comprise spatial mappings module 1430, and it is used for each sign map at radio node 1400 handled streams is flowed to physical space.For example, spatial mappings module 1430 can receive and be mapped to all symbols of giving tone that are used to transmit, and subsequently can with these sign extended among a plurality of antennas to transmit.In one aspect, each stream of being handled by radio node 1400 produces symbol of every tone in the OFDM symbol.Spatial mappings module 1430 can receive from each stream receiving symbol at each tone, and can give each antenna so that transmit all allocation of symbols with common tone.In some respects, exist at least and the as many antenna of stream.Aspect shown, on the tone of order, send the symbol in the symbol sebolic addressing of being exported by constellation mapper 1416.Therefore, be used for sending the symbol of being exported by constellation mapper 1416 physical tones can corresponding to or basically with identical with each logic tones that is associated of these symbols.In some respects, come implementation space mapping block 1430 or its part with reference to the described sign map module 406 of Fig. 4 above the use.Can use the TX data processor 210 shown in Fig. 2 or 288 or controller 230 or 280 come implementation space mapping block 1430.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to come implementation space mapping block 1430.

In addition, radio node 1400 can also comprise IFFT module 1419, and it is used for modulation symbol is converted to the signal of frequency domain, for example so that transmit on the tone in the OFDM symbol.In some respects, exist with radio node 1400 in the as many IFFT module 1419 of antenna.Aspect shown in Figure 14, there are four IFFT module 1419a-1419d, with the quantity of coupling radio node 1400 handled streams.In some respects, part or all that IFFT module 1419 can implementation space mapping block 1430.Can use the TX data processor 210 shown in Fig. 2 or 288 or controller 230 or 280 realize IFFT module 1419.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize IFFT module 1419.In some respects, use the sending module 408 shown in Fig. 4 to realize IFFT module 1419.

In some respects, radio node 1400 also comprises cyclic shift diversity (CSD) module 1418, and it is used for the delay of symbols streams skew with respect to other symbols streams.This can introduce other diversity among the transmission of symbols streams.In some respects, the CSD module is offset each symbols streams except first-class.Use this mode, can be with each stream skew with respect to first amount separately.For example, the aspect shown in Figure 14 shows three

CSD modules

1418,1428a and 1428b.In some respects, substitute CSD module 1418 or except that CSD module 1418, can in radio node 1400, comprise another module that is used for the symbols streams offset delay.Can use the TX data processor 210 shown in Fig. 2 or 288 or controller 230 or 280 realize CSD module 1418.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize CSD module 1418.

Radio node 1400 can comprise: another encoder 1422 that is used for bit stream is encoded into a plurality of code words.These bits are represented to be used for to second user or are installed data or the information of transmitting, as shown in Figure 14.In some respects, encoder 1422 uses the error correcting code such as the FEC sign indicating number that bit stream is encoded.Aspect shown in Figure 14, encoder 1422 comprises and is configured to the LDPC encoder that uses the LDPC sign indicating number that bit is encoded.In some respects, above being configured to similarly, encoder 1422, perhaps use encoder 402 to realize with reference to the described encoder 402 of Fig. 4.

In addition, radio node 1400 can also comprise stream analyzer 1424, and its coded-bit that is used for being associated with each code word of described code word is separated to not in the homogeneous turbulence.Aspect shown, stream analyzer 1424 is divided into two not in the homogeneous turbulence with the bit of coding.In some respects, omitted stream analyzer 1424.In others, stream analyzer 1424 is determined only to send a stream to this user.In some respects, stream analyzer 1424 can be divided into plural stream with the bit of coding.In some respects, radio node 1400 can be handled nearly eight streams simultaneously.In some respects, the stream of being resolved by stream analyzer 1424 can be called logical space stream.Stream analyzer 1424 can be similar to stream analyzer 1414 and be configured.In some respects, the common flow resolver can be carried out

stream analyzer

1414 and 1424 the two functions.

In addition, radio node 1400 can also comprise constellation mapper 1426b, and it is used for according to constellation, and the bit that will be associated with the code word in the stream is mapped to a plurality of symbols.In some respects,

constellation mapper

1426a and 1426b receive respectively and shine upon and the bit that is associated from the code word in the stream separately of stream analyzer 1424.Each mapped symbol can be associated with logic tones.In some respects, above being configured to similarly, constellation mapper 1426, perhaps use modulator 404 to realize with reference to the described modulator 404 of Fig. 4.

In addition, radio node 1400 can also comprise tone interleaver 1427, and it is used for the physical tones from the symbol of constellation mapper 1426 is interweaved.When can with stream that the BCC encoder is associated in modulation symbol and the tone in OFDM symbol when sequentially related, can be for example as top described with reference to Figure 10, with respect to stream that the LDPC encoder is associated in the logic tones of symbol, the whole physical tones that are used to transmit these symbols are replaced.This to tone interweave or replace can be after the modulation or sign map undertaken by constellation mapper 1426, but before the skew of being undertaken by CSD module 1428, carry out.In some respects, tone interleaver 1427a and 1427b receive the symbol that is associated with code word in separately the stream respectively, and the tone that is used to send these symbols is interweaved.In some respects, above being configured to similarly, tone interleaver 1427, perhaps use sign map module 406 to realize with reference to the described sign map module 406 of Fig. 4.

Symbol that CSD module 1428 will be associated with the tone that interweaves or the symbol offset that is mapped to the tone that interweaves are with respect to the delay of other symbols streams (for example, with respect to first-class).In some respects,

CSD module

1428a and 1428b receive the symbol that is associated with code word in separately the stream respectively, and make these symbol offset respective delays.Can be similar to CSD module 1418, CSD module 1428 is configured.In some respects, IFFT module 1419 can realize each part or all in tone interleaver 1427, CSD module 1418, CSD module 1428 and the spatial mappings module 1430.

Some modules in the module shown in Figure 14 use the Reference numeral with " a " or " b " suffix to carry out mark.In some respects, realize that in radio node 1400 individual module substitutes " a " and " b " module.In others, realize other module.For example, can realize a module at each spatial flow.When all having plural spatial flow, can comprise the module except that " a " and " b " module for any user.In addition, some modules in the module shown in Figure 14 use identical title to carry out mark.Can realize these modules at each user and/or stream, as shown in the figure, perhaps with the shown module that has still less of comparing.In some respects, the one or more module combinations that are marked with similar title are become general module, for example, have the general module of variable element or be configured to accept the general module of the bit of different-format.

Figure 15 shows in system 100 aspect of the radio node 1500 that uses.Radio node 1500 can be used for reception information, for example, and as the information that is sent from radio node 1400.For example, radio node 1500 can be any one in the user terminal 120 shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.Aspect this, radio node 1500 can be used to receive the information of using mapped symbol to send from AP110.Similarly, radio node 1500 can be the AP110 shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.Aspect this, radio node 1500 can be used for receiving the information of mapped symbol from a transmission of user terminal 120 of using.Wireless device 302 that can be as shown in reference Fig. 3 description ground, realize radio node 1500.

In Figure 15, show BCC pattern 1510 and LDPC pattern 1550.But radio node 1500 does not need to have this two kinds of patterns.In some respects, radio node 1500 disposes only a kind of in the pattern 1510,1520.For example, the traditional hand-held device at the configuration of early stage IEEE802.11 signal post can only comprise BCC pattern 1510.

In the radio node of realizing BCC pattern 1510 and LDPC pattern 1520, radio node 1500 can use independent hardware and/or software to realize each

pattern

1510,1520, perhaps uses common hardware and/or software.For example, the module of each numbering shown in Figure 15 can be implemented in the independent software module, also can use independent circuit to realize.In others, can use shared or common module or circuit to come

implementation pattern

1510 and 1520, for example, these modules or circuit have adjustable parameter or various modes.In one aspect, use the unit that is common to module 1522-1528 usually to realize module 1512-1518.For example, when operating with BCC pattern 1510, radio node 1500 lost efficacy tone deinterleaver function 1523, activated deinterleaver 1517.For example, when operating with LDPC pattern 1520, radio node 1500 activates tone deinterleaver function 1523, but makes deinterleaver 1517 deexcitations.

BCC pattern 1510 times, radio node 1500 can comprise the FFT module, and it is used for the modulation symbol that receives in frequency domain (for example, on the tone in the OFDM symbol) output.Can use receiver module (for example, the receiver module shown in Figure 12 1202) to receive these symbols.In some respects,

FFT module

1512a and 1512b output symbol separately.In some respects, for each spatial flow that receives symbol thereon (for example, it can be corresponding with the spatial flow that radio node 1400 sends), there is a FFT module.In some respects, can use the RX data processor 270 shown in Fig. 2 or 242 or controller 230 or 280 realize FFT module 1512.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize FFT module 1512.In some respects, use receiver module 1202 to realize FFT module 1512.

In addition, radio node 1500 comprises that also the space separates mapping block 1514, and it is used for modulation symbol is divided into the one or more streams that are used to handle.In some respects, it is corresponding that stream is separated the stream of mapping block 1514 mapping of separating and logical space stream (for example, radio node 1400 resolved logical space stream).Aspect shown, the space is separated mapping block 1514 these symbol segmentation is become two not homogeneous turbulences.In some respects, omit the space and separated mapping block 1514, sent single symbols streams to amplitude limiter 1516.In others, the space is separated mapping block 1514 and is determined only a stream to be handled.In some respects, the space is separated mapping block 1514 and these symbol segmentation can be become plural stream.In some respects, radio node 1500 can be handled nearly eight streams simultaneously.In some respects, compare existence stream still less with antenna, perhaps have the stream and the antenna of equal number at radio node 1500 places.In some respects, can use the RX data processor 270 shown in Fig. 2 or 242 or controller 230 or 280 come the implementation space to separate mapping block 1514.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to come the implementation space to separate mapping block 1514.

Amplitude limiter 1516 can be quantized to nearest ideal constellation point with the symbol in the stream, with the estimation of the symbol that sends with opposing.Therefore, amplitude limiter 1516 can be with the symbolic solution furnishing bit stream that receives.In some respects,

amplitude limiter

1516a and 1516b carry out demodulation to the symbol in the stream separately respectively.In some respects, be configured with reference to the described demodulator 1206 of Figure 12 above amplitude limiter 1516 is similar to, perhaps use demodulator 1206 to realize.

Deinterleaver 1517 can be configured to the bit in the symbol that receives is carried out deinterleaving.Deinterleaver 1517 can rearrange these bits, makes it is being exported by the order that the order before described interleaver 1415 interweaves is identical or approximate with reference to Figure 14 above for example with these bits.In some respects, deinterleaver 1517a and 1517b carry out deinterleaving to the bit that is associated with separately stream respectively.Can use the RX data processor 270 shown in Fig. 2 or 242 or controller 230 or 280 realize deinterleaver 1517.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize deinterleaver 1517.

In addition, radio node 1500 can comprise the contrary resolver 1518 of stream, and its bit stream that is used for each stream is combined into combination is decoded.For example, the contrary resolver 1518 of stream can be carried out the inverse process that stream analyzer 1414 performed bits are resolved.Can use the RX data processor 270 shown in Fig. 2 or 242 or controller 230 or 280 realize flowing contrary resolver 1518.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize flowing contrary resolver 1518.

In addition, radio node 1500 can also comprise: be used for decoder 1519 that the bit of stream of combination is decoded.In one aspect, the bit stream of the data of decoder 1519 output expression radio nodes 1400 transmissions.For example, can come bit is decoded based on the FEC sign indicating number that radio node 1400 is used for bit stream is encoded.Aspect illustrated in fig. 15, decoder 1519 comprises: be configured to the BCC decoder of bit being decoded based on the BCC sign indicating number.In some respects, can use the RX data processor 270 shown in Fig. 2 or 242 or controller 230 or 280 realize decoder 1519.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize decoder 1519.

LDPC pattern 1520 times, radio node 1500 can comprise FFT module 1522, and it is used for the modulation symbol that receives in frequency domain output.In some respects,

FFT module

1522a and 1522b output symbol separately.Can be similar to 1512 pairs of FFT modules 1522 of FFT module and be configured, except FFT module 1522 comprises tone deinterleaver function 1523.Tone deinterleaver function 1523 can be configured to: to be associated with code word and on the physical tones of one group of displacement the symbol arrangement that receives become original configuration at the logic tones of this code word.For example, tone deinterleaver function 1523 can be carried out the inverse process of the performed tone interleaved of tone interleaver 1427.In some respects, radio node 1400 performed tone interleaved are tone deinterleaver function 1523 previously knowns.In others, radio node 1500 can receive this information that interweaves of indication.For example, this information can send on control channel, perhaps is included in the one or more grouping that has in these symbols.

In some respects, before radio node 1500 begins the data tone handled, receive all pilot tones.Can be with the information stores that is associated with these data tones in memory (for example, memory 232 or 282 or 306), till FFT module 1522 all pilot tones of output.Deinterleaver function 1523 can be read from memory with the order that interweaves or the order of displacement.Use this mode,, do not have other time delay to be introduced in of the reception of FFT module 1522 places symbol when when comparing by the processing of 1512 pairs of symbols of FFT module.

Tone deinterleaver function 1523 can be independent of FFT module 1522 and realize, perhaps can be integrated in the FFT module 1522.In some respects, FFT module 1522 can have different patterns, for example, realizes the pattern of tone deinterleaver function 1523 and does not realize the pattern of tone deinterleaver function 1523.Therefore, can in BCC pattern 1510 and LDPC pattern 1520, use common FFT module by adjusting the pattern or the function of FFT module.

In some respects, FFT module 1522 and/or tone deinterleaver function 1523 can realize part or all of deinterleaver 1204.Can use the RX data processor 270 shown in Fig. 2 or 242 or controller 230 or 280 realize FFT module 1522 and/or tone deinterleaver function 1523.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize FFT module 1522 and/or tone deinterleaver function 1523.

In addition, radio node 1500 comprises that also stream separates mapping block 1524, and it is used for that the modulation symbol from the tone of deinterleaving is separated to one or more streams and handles.In some respects, it is corresponding that the stream stream of separating mapping block 1524 mapping of separating can flow (for example, radio node 1400 resolved logical space stream) with logical space.Can be similar to stream and separate mapping block 1514, convection current is separated mapping block 1524 and is configured.

In addition, radio node 1500 also comprises amplitude limiter 1526, and it is used for the symbol of stream is quantized to nearest ideal constellation point, so that the estimation of the symbol that sends with opposing.Amplitude limiter 1526 can be associated the symbolic solution furnishing that receives with one or more code words bit.In some respects,

amplitude limiter

1526a and 1526b carry out demodulation to the symbol in each gravity flow respectively.In some respects, be configured with reference to the described demodulator 1206 of Figure 12 above amplitude limiter 1516 is similar to, perhaps use demodulator 1206 to realize.

In addition, radio node 1500 also comprises the contrary resolver 1528 of stream, and it is used for the bit that is associated with one or more code words is made up, so that decode.For example, the contrary resolver 1528 of stream can be carried out the inverse process that stream analyzer 1424 performed bits are resolved.Can use the RX data processor 270 shown in Fig. 2 or 242 or controller 230 or 280 realize flowing contrary resolver 1528.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize flowing contrary resolver 1528.

In addition, radio node 1500 can also comprise decoder 1529, and it is used for the bit that is associated with one or more code words is decoded into the bit of decoding.In one aspect, decoder 1529 output expressions are by the bit stream of the data of radio node 1400 transmissions.For example, can come bit is decoded based on the FEC sign indicating number that radio node 1400 is used for bit stream is encoded.Aspect illustrated in fig. 15, decoder 1529 comprises: be configured to the LDPC decoder of bit being decoded based on the LDPC sign indicating number.In some respects, be configured with reference to the described decoder 1208 of Figure 14 above decoder 1529 is similar to, perhaps use decoder 1208 to realize.

Some modules in the module shown in Figure 15 use the Reference numeral with " a " or " b " suffix to carry out mark.In some respects, realize that in radio node 1500 individual module substitutes " a " and " b " module.In others, realize other module.For example, can realize a module at each spatial flow.When in a pattern, receiving plural spatial flow, can comprise the module except that " a " and " b " module.In addition, some modules in the module shown in Figure 15 use identical title to carry out mark.Can realize these modules at each stream and/or pattern, as shown in the figure, perhaps with the shown module that has still less of comparing.In some respects, the one or more module combinations that are marked with similar title are become general module, for example, have the general module of variable element or be configured to accept the symbol of different-format or the general module of bit.

Figure 16 shows in system 100 aspect of the radio node 1600 that uses.Radio node 1600 can be used for reception information, for example, and as the information that is sent from radio node 1400.For example, radio node 1600 can be any one in the user terminal 120 shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.Aspect this, radio node 1500 can be used to receive the information of using mapped symbol to send from AP110.Similarly, radio node 1600 can be the AP110 shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.Aspect this, radio node 1600 can be used for receiving the information of mapped symbol from a transmission of user terminal 120 of using.Wireless device 302 that can be as shown in reference Fig. 3 description ground, realize radio node 1600.

In Figure 16, above showing with reference to the described BCC pattern 1610 of Figure 15 and LDPC pattern 1520 both.Aspect shown, radio node 1600 can use the unit of plurality of sharing usually realize BCC pattern 1610 and LDPC pattern 1520 both so that reduce complexity.Use the configuration shown in Figure 16, under the situation that does not experience other time delay, radio node can receive the communication of using the BCC encoder to encode and do not handle at tone interleaved, and uses the LDPC encoder to encode and handle communication so that tone is interweaved.

Aspect shown in Figure 16,, show independent parts at BCC pattern 1610 and LDPC pattern 1520.But, can use common hardware and/or software.For example, in Figure 16, be marked with the module of identical numbering, can form same parts.Similarly, contrary resolver 1518 of stream and the contrary resolver 1528 of stream can be formed same parts.Therefore, in some respects, identical parts are realized BCC pattern 1610 and LDPC pattern 1520.Yet, under the BCC pattern, can activate deinterleaver 1612, and under the LDPC pattern, make deinterleaver 1612 deexcitations.

BCC pattern 1610 times, radio node 1600 can be similar to the mode of till deinterleaver 1612 modulation symbol being handled for 1520 times in the LDPC pattern, and the modulation symbol that receives is handled.For example, the modulation symbol that receives in frequency domain can be exported by FFT module 1522, is handled at tone deinterleaves by tone deinterleaver function 1523, separates mapping block 1524 by stream and is separated into stream, and be quantified as constellation point by amplitude limiter 1526.

As viewed among Figure 16, even tone was not interweaved before sending, BCC pattern 1610 times, tone deinterleaves function 1523 is also carried out tone deinterleaves.Therefore, the symbol of being exported by FFT module 1522 and tone deinterleaves function 1523 will be with the order of displacement or the order output that interweaves.

After amplitude limiter 1526 will turn to constellation point with the corresponding symbol weight of the tone that interweaves, deinterleaver 1612 carried out deinterleaving to these tones.Order when therefore, these tones will turn back to them and be received.In addition, the bit in the symbol of 1612 pairs of receptions of deinterleaver carries out deinterleaving.Can be similar to BCC pattern 1510 times, the deinterleaving to these bits is carried out in the deinterleavings operation that deinterleaver shown in Figure 15 1517 is performed.Can carry out the deinterleaving of tone and the deinterleaving of bit individually.For example, can be at first to carrying out deinterleaving with the corresponding bit group of symbol, make the logic tones of placing these symbols, and discuss with reference to deinterleaver 1517 as top subsequently with original order, the bit after the ordering of acquisition is carried out deinterleaving.In others, use identical operations or substantially side by side carry out the deinterleaving of tone and the deinterleaving of bit.For example, as mentioned above, deinterleaver 1612 can be written to bit in the table, reads these bits with different orders from this table subsequently, perhaps mathematically determines the order of these bits.Yet deinterleaver 1612 can be written to bit in this table, perhaps reads bit from this table, makes to export bit with the tone and the bit-order of deinterleaving.Similarly, can come mathematically to determine this order with this mode.

In some respects, deinterleaver 1612a and 1612b pair of tone and bit that is associated with separately stream carries out deinterleaving.Can use the RX data processor 270 shown in Fig. 2 or 242 or controller 230 or 280 realize deinterleaver 1612.In addition, can use processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 or DSP320 to realize deinterleaver 1612.

To be combined into the bit stream of combination, so that decode from the bit of each stream of deinterleaver 1612 output by the contrary resolver 1518 of stream.Subsequently, the stream of 1519 pairs of combinations of decoder is decoded.Described contrary resolver 1518 of stream and decoder 1519 above with reference to Figure 15, they are operated in the same manner as described above.

As mentioned above, FFT module 1522 and tone deinterleaver function 1523 can be carried out deinterleaving to tone BCC pattern 1610 times, and 1510 times Signal Processing are compared in the BCC pattern with FTT module 1512, can not introduce other time delay.In addition, BCC pattern 1510 and BCC pattern 1610 include the deinterleaver (that is, deinterleaver 1517 and deinterleaver 1612) that is in similar position in the processing of symbol.Deinterleaver 1612 can be configured to: the deinterleaving at the bit that carries out with deinterleaver 1517 is compared, have seldom time delay or do not have under the situation of other time delay, tone and bit are carried out deinterleaving, for example, when deinterleaver 1612 is configured to that substantially simultaneously tone and bit carried out deinterleaving.Therefore, radio node 1600 can be handled the modulated symbol that receives BCC pattern 1610 times, and the processing of the symbol that receives is compared BCC pattern 1510 times with radio node 1500, does not have extra delay.

Aspect shown in Figure 16, except deinterleaver 1612 and decoder module, can use identical module to realize BCC pattern 1610 and LDPC pattern 1520.Therefore, when BCC pattern 1610 times symbol being handled and LDPC pattern 1520 times is handled when switching between the two symbol, only make deinterleaver 1612 deexcitations, decoder switches.In some respects, still use deinterleaver, but the pattern of deinterleaver 1612 is changed, make deinterleaver under the situation of not carrying out any tone or bit deinterleaving, bit is passed through.Similarly, when when LDPC pattern 1520 switches to BCC pattern 1610, only activate deinterleaver 1612, perhaps deinterleaver 1612 carries out mode switch, and decoder switches.

Comparatively speaking, when using most identical module to realize BCC pattern 1510 and LDPC pattern 1520, when in radio node 1500, between BCC pattern 1510 and LDPC pattern 1520, switching, can activate or deexcitation tone deinterleaver function 1523 and deinterleaver 1517.Some realizations or aspect, with change tone deinterleaver function 1523 and the pattern of deinterleaver 1517 or optionally these two pattern of activation compare, change the pattern of deinterleaver 1612 or the pattern of activation deinterleaver 1612 optionally, more uncomplicated or to handle density lower.In addition, in some respects or in realizing, comprise that with change the pattern of the FFT module of tone deinterleaver function is compared, the pattern that changes the deinterleaver such as deinterleaver 1612 can be quicker and/or simpler.

Those of ordinary skills should be understood that, with the physical tones of symbol is not carried out this radio node that interweaves and compares, can be under the situation that does not have any other time delay, the physical tones of operating symbol interweaves with the radio node that transmits.In addition, compare, can under the situation that does not have other time delay, operate the radio node that the symbol with the tone that interweaves is received and handles with the radio node that receives with handling the symbol that does not have the tone that interweaves.In addition, with tone that interweaves and the corresponding function of the non-tone that interweaves between the radio node that do not switch compare, can under the situation that does not have other time delay, operate in the radio node that switches between these functions.

Some modules in the module shown in Figure 16 use the Reference numeral with " a " or " b " suffix to carry out mark.In some respects, realize that in radio node 1600 individual module substitutes " a " and " b " module.In others, realize other module.For example, can realize a module at each spatial flow.When under a pattern, receiving plural spatial flow, can comprise the module except that " a " and " b " module.In addition, some modules in the module shown in Figure 16 use identical title to carry out mark.Can realize these modules at each stream and/or pattern, as shown in the figure, perhaps with the shown module that has still less of comparing.In some respects, the one or more module combinations that are marked with similar title are become general module, for example, have the general module of variable element or be configured to accept the symbol of different-format or the general module of bit.

Those of ordinary skills should be understood that, comprise software or hardware or the two various circuit, chip, module and/or assembly, can be used to realize top with reference to

radio node

400,1200,1400,1500 and 1600 described modules.One or more can being implemented in partially or entirely in the processor 304 shown in Fig. 3 in the module in the

radio node

400,1200.

Though carried out describing individually, should be understood that, must not independent construction unit with reference to

radio node

400,1200,1400,1500 and 1600 described these functional blocks.Equally, the part of the function of the one or more or various square frames in the functional block can be implemented in the single chip.Perhaps, the function of certain blocks can realize on two or more chips.In addition, in

radio node

400,1200,1400,1500 and 1600, can also realize other module or function.Equally, can realize still less module or function in

radio node

400,1200,1400,1500 and 1600, the assembly in the

radio node

400,1200,1400,1500 and 1600 can be arranged with any configuration in the various configurations.Can Fig. 4,12 and 14-16 shown in each module between, perhaps between other module, realize other or coupling still less.

The various operations of method described above can be carried out by any suitable unit that can carry out corresponding function.These unit can comprise various hardware and/or component software and/or module, and it includes but not limited to: circuit, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC) or processor.Usually, under the situation that operation, module or step arranged shown in the drawings, these operations can have the functional module element of the corresponding pairing that is numbered similarly.For example, the operation shown in Figure 11 1100 is corresponding with the module 1100A shown in Figure 11 A.

For example, radio node can comprise: the module that is used for bit is encoded, be used for a plurality of bits are mapped to the module of a plurality of modulated symbols, the module of modulated symbol after being used for each of described a plurality of modulated symbols is mapped to the module of a tone and a spatial flow and is used to send mapping.Usually, these unit in this radio node are corresponding with the operation 1100 shown in Figure 11.Give one example, radio node can comprise again: be used for receiving on a tone and a spatial flow module (wherein said modulated symbol is corresponding with the bit that is associated with a plurality of code words) of a plurality of modulated symbols, the module that is used for becoming at the symbol arrangement of a code word reception module and being used for of the original order of this code word that bit is decoded.Usually, these unit in this radio node are corresponding with the operation 1300 shown in Figure 13.

In some respects, transmitting element can be realized by sending module 408.Transmitting element can comprise transmitter and at least one antenna, as top described with reference to sending module 408.

In some respects, receiving element can be realized by receiver module 1202.Receiving element can comprise receiver and at least one antenna, as top described with reference to receiver module 1202.

In some respects, map unit, coding unit, decoding unit and/or arrangement units can by Fig. 4,12 and 14-16 shown in module in one or more the realization.For example, map unit, coding unit, decoding unit and/or arrangement units can be realized by treatment system, controller, RX data processor and/or TX scheduler, as top described with reference to the module as shown in Fig. 4 and Figure 12.For example, these unit can use microprocessor, microcontroller, DSP, FPGA, PLD or other hardware or component software to realize.In some respects, map unit and/or arrangement units are implemented in FFT or the IFFT module.

As used in this application, a variety of actions " determined " to contain in term.For example, " determine " to comprise calculating, computing, processing, derivation, research, inquiry (for example, question blank, database or other data structure), conclude or the like.In addition, " determining " can also comprise reception (for example, reception information), access (for example, the data in the access memory) or the like.In addition, " determine " to comprise parsing, selection, selection, foundation or the like.

As used in this application, the phrase that refers to a list items " at least one " is meant these combination in any, and it comprises the odd number member.For example, " at least one among a, b or the c " is intended to cover: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c and a-b-c.

Be used to carry out general processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), field programmable gate array signal (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components or its combination in any of the described function of the application, can realize or carry out various exemplary box, module and circuit in conjunction with the disclosed content description of the application.General processor can be a microprocessor, and perhaps, this processor also can be any commercial available processors, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Processor can also be embodied as the combination of computing equipment, and for example, the combination of DSP and microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessor, one or more microprocessor combine with the DSP kernel, perhaps any other this kind structure.

In conjunction with the step of the method for the disclosed content description of the application or algorithm can be embodied directly in hardware, in the software module or the two combination carried out by processor.Software module can be arranged in any type of storage medium known in the art.More operable exemplary storage medium comprise: random-access memory (ram), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, eprom memory, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, mobile disk, CD-ROM or the like.Software module can comprise single instruction or a plurality of instruction, and can be distributed on some different code segments, is distributed in the neutralization of different program and is distributed in a plurality of storage mediums.Storage medium can be coupled to processor, thereby makes the processor can be from this read information, and can be to this storage medium writing information.Perhaps, storage medium also can be the part of processor.

The disclosed method of the application comprises one or more steps or the action that realizes institute's describing method.On the basis that does not break away from the present disclosure protection range, these method steps and/or action can exchange mutually.In other words, unless specified the step or the action of particular order, otherwise on the basis that does not break away from the present disclosure protection range, can revise the order and/or the use of particular step and/or action.

The described function of the application can realize with hardware, software, firmware or its combination in any.When using hardware to realize, the exemplary hardware configuration can comprise treatment system in radio node.This treatment system can realize with bus architecture.According to the concrete application and the overall design constraints condition of treatment system, what this bus can comprise any amount interconnects bus and bridge joint.Bus can be connected together the various electrical chains that comprise processor, machine readable media and bus interface.Bus interface can be used for by bus network adapter or the like being connected to treatment system.Network adapter can be used to realize the signal processing function of physical layer.At user terminal 120(referring to Fig. 1) situation under, user interface (for example, keyboard, display, mouse, joystick or the like) can also be connected to bus.Bus can also be connected together various other electrical chains such as clock source, ancillary equipment, voltage adjuster, electric power management circuit or the like, and these circuit all are known in the field, so do not do any further describing.

Processor can be in charge of bus and common treatment, and it comprises the execution of saved software on the machine readable media.Processor can be realized with one or more general and/or special purpose processes.Example comprises microprocessor, microcontroller, dsp processor and other circuit that can executive software.Software should be interpreted as meaning instruction, data or its combination in any widely, no matter its to be called as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language still be other term.For example, machine readable media can comprise the RAM(random access memory), flash memory, ROM(read-only memory), the PROM(programmable read only memory), the EPROM(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EPROM), the EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory), register, disk, CD, hard disk or any other suitable storage medium or its combination in any.Machine readable media can embody with computer program.Computer program can comprise encapsulating material.

In hardware was realized, machine readable media can be the part of the treatment system of separating with processor.But, should understand easily as those of ordinary skills, machine readable media or its any part can be outside treatment systems.For example, machine readable media can comprise transmission line, with the carrier waveform of data-modulated and/or the computer product that separates with radio node, and all these can be visited by bus interface by processor.Alternatively or additionally, machine readable media or its any part can be the parts of processor, for example, this situation can be to have high-speed cache and/or general-purpose register file.

Treatment system can be configured to have one or more microprocessors that functional processor is provided and the generic processing system of external memory storage of at least a portion of machine readable media is provided, all these parts are connected together by external bus architecture and other support electrical chain.Perhaps, treatment system can be used the ASIC(application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) with processor), bus interface, user interface (under situation about accessing terminal), at least a portion of supporting circuit and being integrated into the machine readable media of single chip realize, perhaps uses one or more FPGA(field programmable gate arrays), the PLD(programmable logic device), controller, state machine, gate logic, isolating hardware assembly or any other suitable circuit or can carry out combination in any of running through the circuit of the various functions that present disclosure describes realizes.Those of ordinary skills will be appreciated that, how according to concrete application with to the overall design constraints condition that whole system applied, realize institute's representation function of described treatment system best.

Machine readable media can comprise a plurality of software modules.Software module comprises instruction, wherein when instruction is carried out by processor, makes treatment system carry out various functions.Software module can comprise transport module and receiver module.Each software module can be arranged in single memory device, also can be distributed among a plurality of memory devices.For example, when trigger event takes place, software module can be loaded into the RAM from hard disk.Software module the term of execution, processor can be loaded in these instructions some in the high-speed cache, to increase access speed.Subsequently, one or more cache lines can be loaded into the general-purpose register file that is used for by the processor execution.When the function of the software module below referring to, should be understood that, when the instruction of carrying out from this software module, realize this function by processor.

When in software, realizing, these functions can be stored in the computer-readable medium or and transmit as one or more instructions or code on the computer-readable medium.Computer-readable medium comprises computer-readable storage medium and communication media, and wherein communication media comprises any medium of being convenient to transmit to another place from a place computer program.Storage medium can be any usable medium that computer can access.For example, but non-ly make restriction, this computer-readable medium can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other disk storage, magnetic disc store or other magnetic storage apparatus or can be used in the program code that carries or store the expectation with instruction or data structure form and any other medium that can be carried out access by computer.In addition, any connection suitably can be called computer-readable medium.For example, if software is to use coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, twisted-pair feeder, Digital Subscriber Line or the wireless technology such as infrared ray (IR), wireless and microwave, from the website, server or other remote source transmission, so described coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, twisted-pair feeder, DSL or the wireless technology such as infrared ray, wireless and microwave are included in the definition of described medium.As used in this application, dish (disk) and dish (disc) comprise the dish that compacts (CD), laser dish, laser disc, digital multi-purpose laser disc (DVD), floppy disk and blue light Dish, its mid-game be copy data magnetically usually, and dish then comes copy data optically with laser.Therefore, in some respects, computer-readable medium can comprise non-provisional computer-readable medium (for example, tangible medium).In addition, for others, computer-readable medium can comprise provisional computer-readable medium (for example, signal).Above-mentioned combination also should be included within the protection range of computer-readable medium.

Therefore, some aspect of present disclosure comprises the computer program that is used to carry out the operation shown in the application.For example, the computer-readable medium of the instruction that this computer program can comprise storage thereon (and/or coding), these instructions can be carried out to realize described these operations of the application by one or more processors.For some aspect, computer program can comprise encapsulating material.

In addition, should be understood that the module and/or other the suitable unit that are used to carry out described method of the application and technology can be downloaded desirably and/or obtain by user terminal and/or base station.For example, this equipment can be coupled to server, so that help to realize transmitting the module of carrying out the described method of the application.Perhaps, the described the whole bag of tricks of the application can be by memory cell (for example, RAM, ROM, the physical storage medium such as dish that compacts (CD) or floppy disk or the like) provide, make when user terminal and/or base station are coupled to or offer this equipment with memory cell, can obtain the whole bag of tricks.In addition, can also use any other proper technology that described method of the application and technology are provided to equipment.

Should be understood that accurate configuration and assembly that present disclosure is not limited to above illustrate.Do not breaking away from the present disclosure protection range basis, can make various modifications, change and variation arrangement, operation and the details of method and apparatus mentioned above.

Claims

1. device that is used for radio communication comprises:

Treatment system, it is configured to:

A plurality of bits are mapped to a plurality of modulation symbols, and described a plurality of bits are associated with a plurality of code words; And

Each modulation symbol in described a plurality of modulation symbols is mapped on tone and the spatial flow, described tone is in a plurality of tones that can be used for transmitting, and described spatial flow is one that can be used in a plurality of spatial flows of described transmission, wherein, the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol is mapped between described a plurality of spatial flow equably by approximate, and wherein, the modulation symbol that is mapped to same space stream in the described subclass is mapped to the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone; And

Transmitter, it is configured to: send the modulation symbol that is shone upon.

2. device according to claim 1, wherein, the described modulation symbol in the described subclass is similar to is mapped to described a plurality of tone equably.

3. device according to claim 1, wherein, described treatment system is configured to: shine upon in described a plurality of modulation symbol each by following operation:

First modulation symbol in the described subclass is mapped to first tone and first spatial flow;

Second modulation symbol in the described subclass is mapped to described first tone and second spatial flow; And

The 3rd modulation symbol in the described subclass is mapped to second tone and the 3rd spatial flow, wherein, described first tone and described second tone are non-adjacent, wherein, in the described code word in described a plurality of code words, with the corresponding bit of described second modulation symbol followed by with the corresponding bit of described first modulation symbol, and wherein, in the described code word in described a plurality of code words, with the corresponding bit of described the 3rd modulation symbol followed by with the corresponding bit of described second modulation symbol.

4. device according to claim 3, wherein, described second spatial flow is adjacent with described first spatial flow.

5. device according to claim 1 wherein, is mapped to the described modulation symbol in the described subclass with described a plurality of tones and the relevant matrix of described a plurality of spatial flows, and wherein, i modulation symbol in the described subclass is mapped to have the N for i mod _SSpatial stream index spatial flow and be mapped to have and be i or floor (i/N _S) tone of tone index of xD, wherein N _SBe the quantity of the spatial flow in described a plurality of spatial flow, and D is the tone mapping distance.

6. device according to claim 5, wherein, described tone mapping distance D comprises in following:

Floor (N _St/ N _Sc), ceil (N _St/ N _Sc) or for a plurality of different N _StValue is constant number,

Wherein, N _StBe the quantity of the described modulation symbol in the transmission symbol, and wherein, N _ScBe the quantity of the described modulation symbol in the described code word in described a plurality of code word.

7. device according to claim 5, wherein, will be corresponding with the described code word in described a plurality of code words and not the modulation symbol among described subclass be mapped to described matrix, and wherein, k modulation symbol is mapped to have for the tone of the tone index of k and be mapped to when max (i) can not be by N _SHas N when dividing exactly for max (i) mod _SSpatial stream index spatial flow or when max (i) can be by N _SHas N when dividing exactly for max (i) mod _SThe spatial flow of+1 spatial stream index.

8. device according to claim 1 also comprises:

Encoder, it is configured to use low-density checksum (LDPC) sign indicating number that bit is encoded, and wherein, coded bit comprises described a plurality of bit.

9. device according to claim 1, wherein, described treatment system is configured to:

In described a plurality of modulation symbols each is shone upon, make and the logic tones of described a plurality of modulation symbols to be replaced with respect to the physical tones that is used for sending described a plurality of modulation symbols, wherein, described treatment system comprises inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module that is used to carry out described mapping.

10. one kind is used for method of wireless communication, comprising:

Send the modulation symbol that is shone upon.

11. method according to claim 10, wherein, the described modulation symbol in the described subclass is similar to is mapped to described a plurality of tone equably.

12. method according to claim 10, wherein, each of shining upon in described a plurality of modulation symbol comprises:

13. method according to claim 12, wherein, described second spatial flow is adjacent with described first spatial flow.

14. method according to claim 10, wherein, described modulation symbol in the described subclass is mapped to described a plurality of tones and the relevant matrix of described a plurality of spatial flows, and wherein, i modulation symbol in the described subclass is mapped to has N for i mod _SSpatial stream index spatial flow and be mapped to have and be i or floor (i/N _S) tone of tone index of xD, wherein N _SBe the quantity of the spatial flow in described a plurality of spatial flow, and D is the tone mapping distance.

15. method according to claim 14, wherein, described tone mapping distance D comprises in following:

16. method according to claim 14, wherein, will be corresponding with the described code word in described a plurality of code words and not the modulation symbol among described subclass be mapped to described matrix, and wherein, k modulation symbol is mapped to have for the tone of the tone index of k and be mapped to when max (i) can not be by N _SHas N when dividing exactly for max (i) mod _SSpatial stream index spatial flow or when max (i) can be by N _SHas N when dividing exactly for max (i) mod _SThe spatial flow of+1 spatial stream index.

17. method according to claim 10 also comprises:

Use low-density checksum (LDPC) sign indicating number that bit is encoded, wherein, coded bit comprises described a plurality of bit.

18. method according to claim 10, wherein, each of shining upon in described a plurality of modulation symbol comprises:

In described a plurality of modulation symbols each is shone upon, make and the logic tones of described a plurality of modulation symbols to be replaced with respect to the physical tones that is used for sending described a plurality of modulation symbols, wherein, described mapping is carried out by inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module.

19. a device that is used for radio communication comprises:

Be used for a plurality of bits are mapped to the module of a plurality of modulation symbols, described a plurality of bits are associated with a plurality of code words; And

Be used for each modulation symbol with described a plurality of modulation symbols and be mapped to module on tone and the spatial flow, described tone is in a plurality of tones that can be used for transmitting, and described spatial flow is one that can be used in a plurality of spatial flows of described transmission, wherein, the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol is mapped between described a plurality of spatial flow equably by approximate, and wherein, the modulation symbol that is mapped to same space stream in the described subclass is mapped to the module of the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone; And

Be used to send the module of the modulation symbol that is shone upon.

20. device according to claim 19, wherein, the described modulation symbol in the described subclass is similar to is mapped to described a plurality of tone equably.

21. device according to claim 19, wherein, described each the module that is used for shining upon described a plurality of modulation symbols is configured to:

22. device according to claim 21, wherein, described second spatial flow is adjacent with described first spatial flow.

23. device according to claim 19, wherein, described modulation symbol in the described subclass is mapped to described a plurality of tones and the relevant matrix of described a plurality of spatial flows, and wherein, i modulation symbol in the described subclass is mapped to has N for i mod _SSpatial stream index spatial flow and be mapped to have and be i or floor (i/N _S) tone of tone index of x D, wherein N _SBe the quantity of the spatial flow in described a plurality of spatial flow, and D is the tone mapping distance.

24. device according to claim 23, wherein, described tone mapping distance D comprises in following:

25. device according to claim 23, wherein, will be corresponding with the described code word in described a plurality of code words and not the modulation symbol among described subclass be mapped to described matrix, and wherein, k modulation symbol is mapped to have for the tone of the tone index of k and be mapped to when max (i) can not be by N _SHas N when dividing exactly for max (i) mod _SSpatial stream index spatial flow or when max (i) can be by N _SHas N when dividing exactly for max (i) mod _SThe spatial flow of+1 spatial stream index.

26. device according to claim 19 also comprises:

The module that is used to use low-density checksum (LDPC) sign indicating number that bit is encoded, wherein, coded bit comprises described a plurality of bit.。

27. device according to claim 19, wherein, described each the module that is used for shining upon described a plurality of modulation symbols is configured to:

In described a plurality of modulation symbols each is shone upon, make and the logic tones of described a plurality of modulation symbols to be replaced with respect to the physical tones that is used for sending described a plurality of modulation symbols, and wherein, described each the module that is used for shining upon described a plurality of modulation symbols comprises inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module that is used to carry out described mapping.

28. a computer program that is used for radio communication comprises:

The computer-readable medium that comprises instruction when described instruction is performed, makes device carry out following operation:

Send the modulation symbol that is shone upon.

29. a radio node comprises:

At least one antenna;

Treatment system, it is configured to:

Transmitter, it is configured to: the modulation symbol that shines upon by described at least one antenna transmission.

30. a device that is used for radio communication comprises:

Receiver, it is configured to: receive a plurality of modulation symbols corresponding to the bit that is associated with a plurality of code words on a plurality of tones and a plurality of spatial flow, wherein, approximate being evenly distributed on described a plurality of spatial flow of the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol, and wherein, the described modulation symbol that receives in same space stream in the described subclass is distributed on the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone; And

Deinterleaver, it is configured to: the original order that the described subclass of the modulation symbol that received is arranged in the described code word in described a plurality of code word.

31. device according to claim 30, wherein, described deinterleaver is configured to:

The physical tones that receives described a plurality of modulation symbols is thereon replaced, so that described a plurality of modulation symbols are aligned in a plurality of logic tones.

32. device according to claim 31, wherein, described deinterleaver comprises:

Be configured to carry out fast Fourier transform (FFT) module of described displacement.

33. one kind is used for method of wireless communication, comprises:

On a plurality of tones and a plurality of spatial flow, receive a plurality of modulation symbols corresponding to the bit that is associated with a plurality of code words, wherein, approximate being evenly distributed on described a plurality of spatial flow of the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol, and wherein, the described modulation symbol that receives in same space stream in the described subclass is distributed on the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone; And

With the described subclass of the modulation symbol that received be arranged in described a plurality of code words in a described corresponding original order of code word.

34. method according to claim 33, wherein, described arrangement comprises:

35. method according to claim 34, wherein, described displacement is carried out by fast Fourier transform (FFT) module.

36. a device that is used for radio communication comprises:

Be used on a plurality of tones and a plurality of spatial flow, receiving module corresponding to a plurality of modulation symbols of the bit that is associated with a plurality of code words, wherein, approximate being evenly distributed on described a plurality of spatial flow of the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol, and wherein, the described modulation symbol that receives in same space stream in the described subclass is distributed on the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone; And

The described subclass that is used for the modulation symbol that will be received is arranged in the module with the described corresponding original order of code word of described a plurality of code words.

37. device according to claim 36, wherein, the described block configuration that is used to arrange is:

38. according to the described device of claim 37, wherein, the described module that is used to arrange comprises:

39. a computer program that is used for radio communication comprises:

40. a radio node comprises:

At least one antenna;

Receiver, it is configured to: by described at least one antenna, on a plurality of tones and a plurality of spatial flow, receive a plurality of modulation symbols corresponding to the bit that is associated with a plurality of code words, wherein, approximate being evenly distributed on described a plurality of spatial flow of the subclass corresponding to the successive bits that is associated with a code word in described a plurality of code words in described a plurality of modulation symbol, and wherein, the described modulation symbol that receives in same space stream in the described subclass is distributed on the non-adjacent tone in described a plurality of tone; And

Deinterleaver, it is configured to: with the described subclass of the modulation symbol that received be arranged in described a plurality of code words in a described corresponding original order of code word.