CN103214260B - A Method of Diffusion Bonding DD3 Superalloy and Ti3AlC2 Ceramics Using Nb/Ni Composite Intermediate Layer - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for bonding DD3 high-temperature alloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics by adopting Nb/Ni composite interlayer diffusion bonding, which relates to a method for bonding DD3 high-temperature alloys and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics. The invention aims to solve the problem that DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics are difficult to connect. Methods: 1. Cutting; 2. Grinding, polishing, cleaning; 3. Assembling DD3 superalloy/Nb foil/Ni foil/Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic assembly; 4. Completing the diffusion connection of DD3 with Nb/Ni composite interlayer Methods for Superalloys and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ Ceramics. The invention successfully realizes the connection of the DD3 superalloy and the _Ti3AlC2 ceramic, and obtains _a reliable joint. The room temperature shear strength of the joint can reach up to 86.3MPa. The _invention is used for the diffusion connection of DD3 superalloy and _Ti3AlC2 ceramics by adopting Nb/Ni composite intermediate layer.

Description

A Method of Diffusion Bonding DD3 Superalloy and Ti3AlC2 Ceramics Using Nb/Ni Composite Intermediate Layer

technical field

The present invention relates to a method for joining DD3 superalloy and _{Ti3AlC2 ceramic} .

Background technique

Superalloys are widely used in the hot end parts of aero-engines such as turbine rotor blades and guide vanes because of their good high-temperature properties. Due to the complete elimination of grain boundaries, single crystal superalloys eliminate grain boundary segregation and inherent defects of grain boundaries, greatly reduce the tendency of cracks, and their high temperature performance is significantly better than that of ordinary cast superalloys. DD3 superalloy is the first generation of nickel-based single crystal superalloy developed in China. Its composition is relatively simple, and it does not contain scarce and precious metals. It has low cost and good medium and high temperature performance. the

The practical application of DD3 superalloy will inevitably involve its connection with other materials. Scholars at home and abroad have launched a series of work on the brazing and transitional liquid phase diffusion welding of DD3 superalloy itself. In terms of brazing connections, nickel-based solder with B as the melting element is mainly used for high-temperature and long-term testing, and joints with certain high-temperature performance have been obtained. In terms of transitional liquid phase diffusion welding, an alloy with a special composition is used as the intermediate layer material. When heated to a certain temperature, the intermediate layer material melts and fills the joints, and then becomes a solid phase by diffusion during the subsequent heat preservation, so that the structure and Homogenization of the composition, and ultimately high-performance joining of superalloys. So far, the connection between DD3 superalloy and other materials has been rarely reported. the

Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics is a new type of ternary layered ceramic material, because of its excellent performance, it has become a research hotspot for many materials scholars in China in recent years. It not only has the properties of metal, has good thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, has low hardness, can be machined like metal, but also has the properties of ceramics, high melting point, high thermal stability and good oxidation resistance. These excellent properties make it have broad application prospects.

Due to the inherent brittleness of Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics, it is very difficult to prepare high-purity, high-density bulk materials. At present, it is mainly used to connect small-sized and simple-shaped Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics to obtain all Larger size or complex shape Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic components required. In addition, in view of the excellent performance of Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics, it is inevitable to involve the problem of connection with other materials, so as to give full play to its potential value.

Considering the comprehensive excellent properties of DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics, connecting these two materials together to prepare composite components can give full play to the performance advantages of both, especially in the field of manufacturing high-temperature structural parts such as aerospace , has great application prospects. So far, there are no literature reports about the connection between DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics at home and abroad.

Contents of the invention

The present invention solves the problem _that DD3 superalloy and _Ti3AlC2 ceramics are difficult to connect, and provides a method for _diffusion bonding DD3 superalloy and _Ti3AlC2 ceramics by using a Nb/Ni composite interlayer.

A kind of method adopting Nb/Ni composite interlayer diffusion connection DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics method of the present invention, specifically finish according to the following steps:

1. Perform wire cutting on DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics to obtain DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics to be connected;

2. Grind and polish the connecting surface of the DD3 superalloy and the connecting surface of the Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic obtained in step 1 with sandpaper, and then place the connecting surface of the DD3 superalloy and the connecting surface of the Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic Ultrasonic cleaning in acetone for 5-15 minutes;

3. Place the Nb foil and Ni foil between the connection surface of the DD3 superalloy to be connected and the connection surface of the Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic, and assemble it into a DD3 superalloy/Nb foil/Ni foil/Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic device Accessories, wherein the thickness of Nb foil is 25 μm to 200 μm, and the thickness of Ni foil is 25 μm to 150 μm;

4. Place the assembly obtained in step 3 in a vacuum heating furnace, apply a pressure of 20 MPa to 40 MPa until the vacuum degree of the vacuum heating furnace reaches (1.3 to 2.0)×10 ^-3 Pa, then turn on the power to heat, and control the heating rate to 20°C /min～40℃/min, heat up to 900℃～1000℃, then keep warm for 30min～120min, then control the cooling rate to 5℃/min～15℃/min, cool to 300℃, and then cool with the furnace, it is completed The DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics were diffusion-bonded by Nb/Ni composite interlayer.

The present invention comprises following beneficial effect:

The present invention selects Nb foil and Ni foil as composite intermediate layer materials, which can realize joint connection. First, Ni reacts with Ti and Al in Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics through diffusion to form a compound and realize the connection. Secondly, there are fewer types of intermetallic compounds generated by the reaction of Nb and Ni, and the generated compound Ni ₃ Nb is in the It has high strength and plasticity at room temperature, which guarantees the mechanical properties of the joint to a certain extent.

The present invention adopts Nb/Ni composite intermediate layer to diffusely connect DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics, and controls the thickness of the reaction layer and the joint by controlling the diffusion connection temperature (900°C-1000°C) and holding time (30-120min). The distribution of the reaction phase in the middle, and then achieve the purpose of controlling the structure and performance of the joint, successfully realized the connection of DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics, and obtained a reliable joint. The room temperature shear strength of the joint can reach up to 86.3MPa.

The successful connection of DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics in the present invention, using the connectors of DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics in aviation components with high temperature structure, can effectively improve the specific strength and creep resistance of existing devices Performance and anti-oxidation performance, has great application prospects.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a backscattered electron photograph of the joint interface structure of the DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic obtained in Example 1.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific embodiments. the

Specific Embodiment 1: In this embodiment, a method for diffusion-bonding DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics using Nb/Ni composite intermediate layer is completed according to the following steps:

1. Perform wire cutting on DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics to obtain DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics to be connected;

2. Grind and polish the connecting surface of the DD3 superalloy and the connecting surface of the Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic obtained in step 1 with sandpaper, and then place the connecting surface of the DD3 superalloy and the connecting surface of the Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic Ultrasonic cleaning in acetone for 5-15 minutes;

3. Place the Nb foil and Ni foil between the connection surface of the DD3 superalloy to be connected and the connection surface of the Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic, and assemble it into a DD3 superalloy/Nb foil/Ni foil/Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic device Accessories, wherein the thickness of Nb foil is 25 μm to 200 μm, and the thickness of Ni foil is 25 μm to 150 μm;

4. Place the assembly obtained in step 3 in a vacuum heating furnace, apply a pressure of 20 MPa to 40 MPa until the vacuum degree of the vacuum heating furnace reaches (1.3 to 2.0)×10 ^-3 Pa, then turn on the power to heat, and control the heating rate to 20°C /min～40℃/min, heat up to 900℃～1000℃, then keep warm for 30min～120min, then control the cooling rate to 5℃/min～15℃/min, cool to 300℃, and then cool with the furnace, it is completed The DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics were diffusion-bonded by Nb/Ni composite interlayer.

In the third step of this embodiment, the structure of DD3 superalloy/Nb foil//Ni foil/Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics is assembled to ensure that the [001] direction of DD3 superalloy is always perpendicular to the surface to be connected, so that the Nb foil is located close to the DD3 high temperature On the alloy side, the Ni foil is located close to _{the Ti3AlC2} ceramic side. _The reliable connection is achieved through the mutual reaction and diffusion of Nb, Ni and elements in DD3 superalloy and _Ti3AlC2 ceramics.

In this embodiment, the Nb/Ni composite intermediate layer is used to diffusely connect DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics, and the thickness and The distribution of the reaction phase in the joint, and then to achieve the purpose of controlling the structure and performance of the joint, successfully realized the connection of DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics, and obtained a reliable joint. The room temperature shear strength of the joint can reach up to 86.3MPa.

The successful connection of DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics in this embodiment, the use of DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic connectors for high-temperature structural aviation parts can effectively improve the specific strength and creep resistance of existing devices. Denaturation and anti-oxidation properties have great application prospects.

Specific embodiment two: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is: put it into acetone and ultrasonically clean it for 10 minutes as described in step two. Others are the same as the first embodiment. the

Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 or 2 is that the thickness of the Nb foil described in step 3 is 50 μm-150 μm, and the thickness of the Ni foil is 50 μm-100 μm. Others are the same as those in Embodiment 1 or 2. the

Embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from Embodiments 1 to 3 in that: the thickness of the Nb foil described in step 3 is 100 μm, and the thickness of the Ni foil is 80 μm. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 3. the

Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 4 is that the pressure of 30 MPa is applied in step 4. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 4. the

Embodiment 6: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 5 in that: the vacuum degree of the vacuum heating furnace mentioned in Step 4 reaches 1.5×10 ⁻³ Pa. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 5.

Embodiment 7: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 6 in that: the controlled heating rate in Step 4 is 30° C./min. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 6. the

Embodiment 8: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 7 in that: the temperature is raised to 925° C. to 975° C. in step 4. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 7. the

Embodiment 9: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 8 in that: the temperature is raised to 950° C. in step 4. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 8. the

Embodiment 10: Embodiment 8: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 9 in that: the heat preservation described in step 4 is 45 minutes to 90 minutes. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 9. the

Embodiment 11: This embodiment is different from Embodiments 1 to 11 in that: the heat preservation described in step 4 is 60 minutes. Others are the same as those in Embodiments 1 to 11. the

Embodiment 12: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 11 in that: the cooling rate in step 4 is 10° C./min. Others are the same as those of the specific embodiments 1 to 11. the

Adopt the following examples to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

Embodiment one:

In this embodiment, a method for diffusion bonding DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics by using Nb/Ni composite intermediate layer is completed according to the following steps:

1. Cut DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics by wire cutting to obtain DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics to be connected, wherein the size of DD3 superalloy to be connected is 20mm×8mm×3mm, Ti ₃ AlC ₂ Ceramic size is 4mm×4mm×3mm;

2. Grind and polish the connection surface of the DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic obtained in step 1 with sandpaper, and then put the connection surface of the DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic into acetone and ultrasonically clean it for 10 minutes;

3. Place the Nb foil and Ni foil between the connection surfaces of the DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics to be connected, and assemble them into an assembly of DD3 superalloy/Nb foil/Ni foil/Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics, wherein The thickness of Nb foil is 100 μm, and the thickness of Ni foil is 80 μm;

4. Place the assembly obtained in step 3 in a vacuum heating furnace and apply a pressure of 30 MPa. When the vacuum degree of the vacuum heating furnace reaches 1.5×10 ^-3 Pa, turn on the electric heating, control the heating rate to 30°C/min, and raise the temperature to 950°C, then hold for 60 minutes, then control the cooling rate to 10°C/min, cool to 300°C, and then cool with the furnace, that is, the method of diffusion bonding DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics with Nb/Ni composite intermediate layer is completed .

The backscattered electron photo of the diffusion bonded joint interface structure of DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics obtained in this example is shown in Figure 1. The left side of the figure is DD3 superalloy, and the right side is Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics. The joint obtained by adopting this embodiment is complete and dense, without defects such as cracks, and realizes reliable connection between DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics. After testing, the average shear strength of the joint at room temperature reaches 86.3MPa.

Claims (9)

1. A method that adopts Nb/Ni composite interlayer diffusion connection DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics, is characterized in that adopting Nb/Ni composite interlayer diffusion connection DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ method for ceramics, specifically It is done in the following steps: 1. Perform wire cutting on DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics to obtain DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics to be connected; 2. Grind and polish the connecting surface of the DD3 superalloy and the connecting surface of the Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic obtained in step 1 with sandpaper, and then place the connecting surface of the DD3 superalloy and the connecting surface of the Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic Ultrasonic cleaning in acetone for 5-15 minutes; 3. Place the Nb foil and Ni foil between the connection surface of the DD3 superalloy to be connected and the connection surface of the Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic, and assemble it into a DD3 superalloy/Nb foil/Ni foil/Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic device Accessories, to ensure that the [001] direction of the DD3 superalloy is always perpendicular to the surface to be connected, so that the Nb foil is located close to the DD3 superalloy side, and the Ni foil is located close to the Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramic side, wherein the thickness of the Nb foil is 25 μm to 200 μm, and the Ni The thickness of the foil is 25 μm to 150 μm; 4. Place the assembly obtained in step 3 in a vacuum heating furnace, apply a pressure of 20 MPa to 40 MPa until the vacuum degree of the vacuum heating furnace reaches (1.3 to 2.0)×10 ^-3 Pa, then turn on the power to heat, and control the heating rate to 20°C /min～40℃/min, heat up to 925℃～975℃, then keep warm for 30min～120min, then control the cooling rate to 5℃/min～15℃/min, cool to 300℃, and then cool with the furnace, it is completed The DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics were diffusion-bonded by Nb/Ni composite interlayer. 2. A method for diffusion bonding DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics by using Nb/Ni composite interlayer according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 2, ultrasonic cleaning is carried out in acetone for 10 min. 3. A method of diffusion bonding DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics using Nb/Ni composite interlayer according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the Nb foil described in step 3 is 50 μm to 150 μm, The thickness of the Ni foil is 50 μm to 100 μm. 4. A kind of method adopting Nb/Ni composite interlayer diffusion connection DD3 superalloy and _Ti3AlC2 ceramics method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the thickness of the Nb foil described in step 3 is 100 μm, Ni _foil The thickness is 80 μm. 5 . A method for diffusion bonding DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics using Nb/Ni composite intermediate layer according to claim 1 , characterized in that the pressure of 30 MPa is applied in step 4. 5 . 6. A kind of method adopting Nb/Ni composite interlayer diffusion connection DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the vacuum degree of the vacuum heating furnace described in the step 4 reaches 1.5 * 10 ^-3 Pa. 7. A method for diffusion bonding DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics by using Nb/Ni composite intermediate layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the controlled heating rate in step 4 is 30°C/min. 8 . A method for diffusion bonding DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics by using Nb/Ni composite intermediate layer according to claim 1 , characterized in that the heat preservation in step 4 is 45 min to 90 min. 9. A method for diffusion bonding DD3 superalloy and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ ceramics by using Nb/Ni composite intermediate layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling rate in step 4 is 10°C/min.