CN103208774B - A kind of intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit - Google Patents
A kind of intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103208774B CN103208774B CN201310158184.XA CN201310158184A CN103208774B CN 103208774 B CN103208774 B CN 103208774B CN 201310158184 A CN201310158184 A CN 201310158184A CN 103208774 B CN103208774 B CN 103208774B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit, its structure includes current sampling circuit, switching circuit, short-circuit detecting circuit, pre-pinch off control circuit and saturation current control circuit.Protective circuit of the present invention can suppress the increase of electric current by increasing loop pressure drop fast when short circuit or overcurrent, intrinsic safety electric source is tested easily via sparking test, is conducive to the electric pressure and the power output that improve intrinsic safety electric source.The response time of protective circuit of the present invention to circuit does not have rigors, reduces manufacturing cost and design cost.Maintenance electric current after short circuit protection of the present invention is very little, and after can realizing removing short circuit, band carries self-recoverage.Protective circuit of the present invention also has the advantages such as safe and reliable, structure is simple, loop pressure drop is little in addition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power supply circuit, specifically a kind of intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit.
Background technology
Intrinsically safe power supply, referred to as " intrinsic safety electric source ", is mainly used in oil, chemical industry, weaving and coal etc. containing in the environment of explosive mixture, as the power supply unit of communication, monitoring, detection, warning and control system.In order to prevent the spark ignition flammable explosive gas produced when output overcurrent or load short circuits, intrinsic safety electric source must adopt protective circuit, limits the energy of spark.Short-circuit current value is higher, and the energy of spark is larger; Short-circuit current value is directly proportional to the product of short-circuit protection time and output voltage, and namely more long and short road current value is larger the output voltage higher short-circuit protection time.In energy one timing of safety spark, voltage is higher, and the short-circuit protection time will be shorter, and voltage is lower, allows that the time of short-circuit protection is longer.So the low power intrinsic safety electric source of low pressure is easily by sparking test, and high, the high-power intrinsic safety electric source of voltage is just not easy to pass through sparking test.The impact being subject to circuit parasitic capacitance and stray inductance due to protective circuit each several part circuit all can have certain operate time,
Conventional protective circuit working method is: after having output overcurrent or load short circuits fault to occur; first want detected circuit to detect; and then control switch circuit operation; the switching tube in switching circuit (normally selecting metal-oxide-semiconductor) is made to transform to OFF state from conducting state, to carry out short-circuit protection.
This mode has very large deficiency: one is that the short-circuit protection time is longer; because be generation short-circuit conditions first being detected by testing circuit; control switch circuit produces and turns off action again; the impact being subject to circuit parasitic capacitance and stray inductance due to each several part circuit all can have certain time of delay; like this; the time of short-circuit protection is made up of the operate time of testing circuit and these two parts operate time of switching circuit, namely occurs to testing circuit action from short circuit and has the longer time interval to switching circuit action again.Two is that metal-oxide-semiconductor in switching circuit is from being conducting to the operating time turning off and need to grow very much, when the raceway groove of metal-oxide-semiconductor is opened completely, want to turn off it and need very large drive current and longer time, the easy like this drive circuit cost that causes improves, the shutoff of switching circuit is also longer for operate time, easily make short circuit current instantaneous value very high, much larger than the action threshold value of testing circuit.Three is that this protective circuit makes intrinsic safety electric source power stage less, causes restriction to application.In addition, conventional protective circuit also exists and exports that pressure drop is large, short circuit thermal amount is large and can not be with problems such as carrying recovery, and circuit structure more complicated, and cost of manufacture is higher.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit, with the problem of the short-circuit protection slow motion and circuit structure complexity that solve existing protective circuit.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit, includes:
Short-circuit detecting circuit, be connected in parallel between the positive terminal of intrinsic safety electric source and negative pole end, connect with saturation current control circuit and switching circuit respectively, for monitoring the output short-circuit situation of intrinsic safety electric source, and when there is output short-circuit, short-circuit signal is sent to saturation current control circuit in low level mode;
Current sampling circuit, be connected in series on the line between the negative pole end of intrinsic safety electric source and the cathode output end of above-mentioned protective circuit, connect with saturation current control circuit and switching circuit respectively, for detecting the output current of intrinsic safety electric source, and current signal is converted to voltage conversion signal and send to described saturation current control circuit;
Saturation current control circuit, connect with described short-circuit detecting circuit, described current sampling circuit and switching circuit respectively, for the voltage conversion signal inputted according to short-circuit signal and the described current sampling circuit of the described short-circuit detecting circuit input received, the output of control switch circuit to intrinsic safety electric source turns off;
Pre-pinch off control circuit, connects with described saturation current control circuit and switching circuit respectively, for the operating voltage of control switch circuit, makes switching circuit be in pre-pinch off operating state; And
Switching circuit; be connected in series on the line between the negative pole end of intrinsic safety electric source and the cathode output end of above-mentioned protective circuit; connect with described short-circuit detecting circuit, described current sampling circuit, described saturation current control circuit and described pre-pinch off control circuit respectively; for first being suppressed the increase of output current when intrinsic safety electric source generation output short-circuit or overcurrent by self pressure drop that increases sharply, then the output of intrinsic safety electric source is turned off.
Described current sampling circuit is resistance R11, is connected in series on the line between the negative pole end of intrinsic safety electric source and the cathode output end of above-mentioned protective circuit.
Described switching circuit is made up of N-channel MOS pipe Q1, the drain electrode of described N-channel MOS pipe Q1 connects with described short-circuit detecting circuit and described pre-pinch off control circuit, the grid of described N-channel MOS pipe Q1 connects with described saturation current control circuit and described pre-pinch off control circuit, and the source electrode of described N-channel MOS pipe Q1 connects with described current sampling circuit.
Described short-circuit detecting circuit comprises the first bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R1, resistance R2, and the first comparison circuit be made up of amplifier IC1; The two ends of described first bleeder circuit are tapped between the positive terminal of intrinsic safety electric source and negative pole end; The electrode input end of described amplifier IC1 is connected on the divider node of described first bleeder circuit, and the negative input of described amplifier IC1 connects with the drain electrode of described N-channel MOS pipe Q1, and the output of described amplifier IC1 connects with described saturation current control circuit.
Described saturation current control circuit comprises the second bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R3, resistance R4 and resistance R5, and the second comparison circuit be made up of amplifier IC2; The two ends of described second bleeder circuit are tapped between the positive terminal of intrinsic safety electric source and negative pole end; The electrode input end of described amplifier IC2 is connected on the divider node between the resistance R4 of described second bleeder circuit and resistance R5, on node between the source electrode that the negative input of described amplifier IC2 is connected to resistance R11 and N-channel MOS pipe Q1, the output of described amplifier IC2 is connected to through diode D2 on the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q1; Voltage-stabiliser tube D1 is connected between divider node between the resistance R3, resistance R4 of described second bleeder circuit and the negative pole end of intrinsic safety electric source.
Described pre-pinch off control circuit comprises the positive bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R8 and resistance R10, the negative bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R6 and resistance R7, and the 3rd comparison circuit be made up of amplifier IC3; Described one end of negative bleeder circuit connects with the positive terminal of intrinsic safety electric source, on node between the source electrode that the other end of described negative bleeder circuit and one end of described positive bleeder circuit are connected on resistance R11 and N-channel MOS pipe Q1 altogether, the other end of described positive bleeder circuit connects the cathode output end of above-mentioned protective circuit; The electrode input end of described amplifier IC3 is connected on the divider node of described positive bleeder circuit, the negative input of described amplifier IC2 is connected on the divider node of described negative bleeder circuit, and the output of described amplifier IC1 is connected on the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q1 through resistance R9.
The shutoff of the switching circuit in protective circuit of the present invention realizes from the pre-pinch off state-transition of N-channel MOS pipe Q1 to the working method being in the less saturation region of output current; change metal-oxide-semiconductor is converted to saturation region routine shutoff mode from the variable resistor district of complete conducting thus, so just significantly can shorten the switch motion time of switching circuit.
When short circuit occurs, the N-channel MOS pipe Q1 of switching circuit, prior to other circuit operations, enters saturation region, limits the sharply increase of output current by increasing self pressure drop fast, instead of to wait receive control signal after just action.The high voltage signal of short-circuit signal that short-circuit detecting circuit detects and current sampling circuit received by saturation current control circuit, the grid voltage of the N-channel MOS pipe Q1 of switching circuit can be reduced, thus make N-channel MOS pipe Q1 be in the less saturation region of output current (namely near the saturation region of cut-off region), carry out the shutoff action of switching circuit.After short trouble is got rid of, the grid voltage of N-channel MOS pipe Q1 decontroled gradually by saturation current control circuit, and make N-channel MOS pipe Q1 return to pre-pinch off state, the output current of intrinsic safety electric source can return to normal output values gradually.
In protective circuit of the present invention, the leading of switching circuit and the corresponding actions of other circuit, the control signal that testing circuit exports need not be waited for, because the operate time of switching circuit is short, and the short-circuit protection time only has the operate time of switching circuit, there is no the operate time of other circuit cumulative, so the short-circuit protection used time will be reduced by least half than the used time of GPF (General Protection False circuit, thus reduce the instantaneous value of short circuit current, make the instantaneous value of short circuit current close to overcurrent operating value, thus make intrinsic safety electric source easily via sparking test, correspondingly can improve power output and the output voltage of intrinsic safety electric source.The not impact of the response time of other circuit in protected circuit of the protective feature of protective circuit of the present invention, does not have rigors to the response speed of switch element and circuit parasitic capacitance and stray inductance, reduces manufacturing cost and the design cost of protective circuit.The static state self-consumption electricity of protective circuit of the present invention is low, and short circuit current is very little, and short circuit thermal amount is little, can realize short circuit band and carry recovery, convenient and practical.Protective circuit of the present invention also has the advantages such as safe and reliable, structure is simple, loop pressure drop is little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of a kind of specific implementation of the present invention.
Dotted line frame circuit in Fig. 2 is respectively: 1, current sampling circuit, and 2, switching circuit, 3, short-circuit detecting circuit, 4, pre-pinch off control circuit, 5, saturation current control circuit.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is connected to form by current sampling circuit 1, switching circuit 2, short-circuit detecting circuit 3, pre-five parts such as pinch off control circuit 4 and saturation current control circuit 5, its left end, for connecting intrinsic safety electric source, can be considered positive terminal VI+ and the negative pole end VI – of intrinsic safety electric source; Its right-hand member is cathode output end Vo+ and the cathode output end Vo – of this protective circuit, is also the positive and negative electrode output of the intrinsic safety electric source after arranging protective circuit.Current sampling circuit 1 and switching circuit 2 are arranged in series in the output loop of intrinsic safety electric source.
Fig. 2 gives a kind of specific implementation of protective circuit of the present invention, its concrete structure and operation analysis as follows:
Current sampling circuit 1 is resistance R11, is connected in series on the line between the negative pole end VI – of intrinsic safety electric source and the cathode output end Vo – of protective circuit of the present invention.Output current for detecting the output current of intrinsic safety electric source, and is converted to voltage conversion signal and sends to saturation current control circuit 5 by resistance R11.
Switching circuit 2 is N-channel MOS pipe Q1, and resistance R11 is connected in series on the line between the negative pole end VI – of intrinsic safety electric source and the cathode output end Vo – of protective circuit of the present invention.The drain electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q1 connects with short-circuit detecting circuit 3 and pre-pinch off control circuit 4, simultaneously as the cathode output end Vo – of intrinsic safety electric source; The grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q1 connects with saturation current control circuit 5 and pre-pinch off control circuit 4; The source electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q1 is connected with current sampling circuit 1.When short circuit occurs, the leading action of N-channel MOS pipe Q1 of switching circuit 2, entering saturation region rapidly, limiting the sharply increase of output current by increasing self pressure drop, instead of etc. receive just action after control signal; And under the control of saturation current control circuit 5, the output of intrinsic safety electric source is turned off.Switching circuit 2 both can be made up of single metal-oxide-semiconductor, also can compose in parallel with multiple metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Short-circuit detecting circuit 3 is connected in parallel between the positive terminal VI+ of intrinsic safety electric source and negative pole end VI –.Short-circuit detecting circuit 3 comprises the first bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R1, resistance R2, and the first comparison circuit be made up of amplifier IC1.The two ends of the first bleeder circuit are tapped between the positive terminal VI+ of intrinsic safety electric source and negative pole end VI –.The electrode input end of the amplifier IC1 of the first comparison circuit is connected on the divider node of the first bleeder circuit, and the negative input of amplifier IC1 connects with the drain electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q1, and the output of amplifier IC1 connects with saturation current control circuit 5.
Short-circuit detecting circuit 3 is voltage (reference voltage of the first comparison circuit) bases for estimation as output short-circuit or overcurrent whether exceeding the input of amplifier IC1 electrode input end according to the voltage at switching circuit 2 two ends, and reduce the input voltage (reference voltage of the second comparison circuit) of the amplifier IC2 electrode input end in saturation current control circuit 5 according to this, namely by the voltage at sense switch circuit 2 two ends, output short-circuit situation is monitored.After detecting that output short-circuit occurs, short-circuit signal is sent to saturation current control circuit 5 by low level form.
Saturation current control circuit 5 comprises the second bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R3, resistance R4 and resistance R5, and the second comparison circuit be made up of amplifier IC2.The two ends of the second bleeder circuit are tapped between the positive terminal VI+ of intrinsic safety electric source and negative pole end VI –; The electrode input end of amplifier IC2 is connected on the divider node between the resistance R4 of the second bleeder circuit and resistance R5, on node between the source electrode that the negative input of amplifier IC2 is connected to resistance R11 and N-channel MOS pipe Q1, the output of amplifier IC2 is connected to through diode D2 on the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q1; Voltage-stabiliser tube D1 is connected between divider node between the resistance R3, resistance R4 of the second bleeder circuit and the negative pole end VI – of intrinsic safety electric source.
Saturation current control circuit 5 sets the maximum of intrinsic safety electric source output current, when output current reaches the maximum of setting, short-circuit detecting circuit 3 is in the electrode input end input low-voltage of amplifier IC2, current sampling circuit 1 is at the negative input high input voltage of amplifier IC2, make amplifier IC2 output LOW voltage, and the grid voltage of N-channel MOS pipe Q1 is dragged down by diode D2, make N-channel MOS pipe Q1 enter the less saturation region of output current, thus saturation current is maintained within the threshold value of setting.
Pre-pinch off control circuit 4 comprises the positive bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R8 and resistance R10, the negative bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R6 and resistance R7, and the 3rd comparison circuit be made up of amplifier IC3.Wherein, the negative upper end of bleeder circuit connects with the positive terminal VI+ of intrinsic safety electric source; on node between the source electrode that the lower end of negative bleeder circuit and the left end of positive bleeder circuit are connected on resistance R11 and N-channel MOS pipe Q1 altogether, the right-hand member of positive bleeder circuit is connected on the cathode output end Vo – of protective circuit of the present invention.The electrode input end of amplifier IC3 is connected on the divider node of positive bleeder circuit, and the negative input of amplifier IC2 is connected on the divider node of negative bleeder circuit, and the output of amplifier IC1 is connected on the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q1 through resistance R9.
Pre-pinch off control circuit 4 is sizes of the gate source voltage by controlling N-channel MOS pipe Q1, control N-channel MOS pipe Q1 and be in pre-pinch off state, instead of be in complete conducting state, so just can ensure under intrinsic safety electric source exports normal situation, the pressure drop at N-channel MOS pipe Q1 two ends is very low.
Claims (6)
1. an intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit, is characterized in that, includes:
Short-circuit detecting circuit, be connected in parallel between the positive terminal of intrinsic safety electric source and negative pole end, connect with saturation current control circuit and switching circuit respectively, for monitoring the output short-circuit situation of intrinsic safety electric source, and when there is output short-circuit, short-circuit signal is sent to saturation current control circuit in low level mode;
Current sampling circuit, be connected in series on the line between the negative pole end of intrinsic safety electric source and the cathode output end of above-mentioned protective circuit, connect with saturation current control circuit and switching circuit respectively, for detecting the output current of intrinsic safety electric source, and current signal is converted to voltage conversion signal and send to described saturation current control circuit;
Saturation current control circuit, connect with described short-circuit detecting circuit, described current sampling circuit and switching circuit respectively, for the voltage conversion signal inputted according to short-circuit signal and the described current sampling circuit of the described short-circuit detecting circuit input received, the output of control switch circuit to intrinsic safety electric source turns off;
Pre-pinch off control circuit, connects with described saturation current control circuit and switching circuit respectively, for the operating voltage of control switch circuit, makes switching circuit be in pre-pinch off operating state; And
Switching circuit; be connected in series on the line between the negative pole end of intrinsic safety electric source and the cathode output end of above-mentioned protective circuit; connect with described short-circuit detecting circuit, described current sampling circuit, described saturation current control circuit and described pre-pinch off control circuit respectively; for first being suppressed the increase of output current when intrinsic safety electric source generation output short-circuit or overcurrent by self pressure drop that increases sharply, then the output of intrinsic safety electric source is turned off.
2. intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described current sampling circuit is resistance R11, is connected in series on the line between the negative pole end of intrinsic safety electric source and the cathode output end of above-mentioned protective circuit.
3. intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 2; it is characterized in that; described switching circuit is made up of N-channel MOS pipe Q1; the drain electrode of described N-channel MOS pipe Q1 connects with described short-circuit detecting circuit and described pre-pinch off control circuit; the grid of described N-channel MOS pipe Q1 connects with described saturation current control circuit and described pre-pinch off control circuit, and the source electrode of described N-channel MOS pipe Q1 connects with described current sampling circuit.
4. intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described short-circuit detecting circuit comprises the first bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R1, resistance R2, and the first comparison circuit be made up of amplifier IC1; The two ends of described first bleeder circuit are tapped between the positive terminal of intrinsic safety electric source and negative pole end; The electrode input end of described amplifier IC1 is connected on the divider node of described first bleeder circuit, and the negative input of described amplifier IC1 connects with the drain electrode of described N-channel MOS pipe Q1, and the output of described amplifier IC1 connects with described saturation current control circuit.
5. intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described saturation current control circuit comprises the second bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R3, resistance R4 and resistance R5, and the second comparison circuit be made up of amplifier IC2; The two ends of described second bleeder circuit are tapped between the positive terminal of intrinsic safety electric source and negative pole end; The electrode input end of described amplifier IC2 is connected on the divider node between the resistance R4 of described second bleeder circuit and resistance R5, on node between the source electrode that the negative input of described amplifier IC2 is connected to resistance R11 and N-channel MOS pipe Q1, the output of described amplifier IC2 is connected to through diode D2 on the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q1; Voltage-stabiliser tube D1 is connected between divider node between the resistance R3, resistance R4 of described second bleeder circuit and the negative pole end of intrinsic safety electric source.
6. intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described pre-pinch off control circuit comprises: the positive bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R8 and resistance R10, the negative bleeder circuit be composed in series by resistance R6 and resistance R7, and the 3rd comparison circuit be made up of amplifier IC3; Described one end of negative bleeder circuit connects with the positive terminal of intrinsic safety electric source, on node between the source electrode that the other end of described negative bleeder circuit and one end of described positive bleeder circuit are connected on resistance R11 and N-channel MOS pipe Q1 altogether, the other end of described positive bleeder circuit connects the cathode output end of above-mentioned protective circuit; The electrode input end of described amplifier IC3 is connected on the divider node of described positive bleeder circuit, the negative input of described amplifier IC3 is connected on the divider node of described negative bleeder circuit, and the output of described amplifier IC3 is connected on the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q1 through resistance R9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310158184.XA CN103208774B (en) | 2013-05-02 | 2013-05-02 | A kind of intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit |
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| CN201310158184.XA CN103208774B (en) | 2013-05-02 | 2013-05-02 | A kind of intrinsic safety electric source short-circuit protection circuit |
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| CN103208774A CN103208774A (en) | 2013-07-17 |
| CN103208774B true CN103208774B (en) | 2015-12-30 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103916012B (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2016-09-28 | 江苏杰瑞科技集团有限责任公司 | A kind of essential safety source conversion equipment |
| CN107346965A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-11-14 | 深圳市航天新源科技有限公司 | Possesses the current limliting time delayed turn-off on-off circuit of the repeatable triggering of excessively stream memory function |
| CN111952939A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-17 | 量道（厦门）新能源科技有限公司 | an output protection circuit |
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| JP2006178539A (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-07-06 | Freescale Semiconductor Inc | Overcurrent protection circuit and dc power supply device |
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| CN202014080U (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-10-19 | 深圳硕日新能源科技有限公司 | Short circuit protection circuit of light-emitting diode (LED) constant current source |
| CN102231518A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2011-11-02 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Surging suppression circuit |
| CN102842883A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-26 | 张望 | Over-current protection circuit of intrinsically safe power supply |
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Effective date of registration: 20180628 Address after: 050000 room 321, building 1, 368 North Xinshi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei. Patentee after: Shijiazhuang Yu Fei Electronics Co., Ltd. Address before: 050000 Jinshi Industrial Park, 368 North Xinshi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Patentee before: Shijiazhuang Xunneng Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. |
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