CN103205968B - For treating that consolidation pressure fluid mixture is ejected into the injector head of underground - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to for treating that consolidation pressure fluid mixture is ejected into the injector head (10) of underground, including Outer cylindrical body (12), there is at least one upper entrance (16) for fluid, at least one outlet side nozzle (11) and at least one helical pipe (13) with helical centre (m). Upper entrance (16) is connected to nozzle (11) by described pipeline, and transmits the fluid flowing through this pipeline around the longitudinal axis (Z) of outer body (12) and the screw towards nozzle (11). Helical pipe (13) is tapered towards nozzle (11), and the terminal length including pipeline, when from be parallel to longitudinal axis (Z) and be tangential on the sectional plane (P) of helical centre see time, and time in terms of the sectional plane from (Z) perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis, this terminal length is rounded to nozzle in the way of attenuating.

Description

For treating that consolidation pressure fluid mixture is ejected into the injector head of underground

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of for treating that consolidation pressure fluid mixture is ejected into underground to form the efficient injector head of consolidated soil part.

Background technology

Use is referred to as the technology of " jet grouting " and forms the column structure of artificial conglomerate (conglomerate) in underground. These technology are all based on the granule of soil self and the mixing of binding agent, it is commonly referred to cement admixture, this mixture is under elevated pressure conditions usually by the nozzle of small diameter injection formed in injector head (being commonly called " hydraulic giant (monitor) "), described injector head is fixed on the lower end of a string tubular rod, and tubular rod rotates towards ground and recalls. In the bottom of this boom, below hydraulic giant, being fixed with boring tool, in the excavation stage, the drilling fluid lubrication that boring tool is supplied by described bar, in this case, described bar plays the effect of pipeline.

The jet of binding agent disperseed and with the soil of surrounding with mix, thus forming the conglomerate block of generally cylindrical shape, this conglomerate block forms the soil region of consolidation when hardening.

Bar string the most frequently used in ground department at present is had the mixture of heavy in section pipeline, water and cement and is supplied to the hydraulic giant region that there is nozzle by this pipeline. Nozzle is contained in the hole of radial directed, i.e. be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of hydraulic giant. Hydrodynamically, this configuration reduces the friction loss along path, as long as because fluid does not arrive the end of hydraulic giant, the flow velocity of fluid will be relatively low. Once fluid arrives this region, liquid stream uncorrelatedly will deviate in the region of nozzle, also can form, in the region of liquid stream deviation, the irregular freely-movable being feature with strong turbulence simultaneously. This causes that the near exit at nozzle produces high water head loss, and this is owing to turbulent flow stops liquid stream mass flowing nozzle in an orderly manner, i.e. the velocity of the individual particle of material flows out towards the main shaft direction according to each nozzle.

Fluid, from the reason inside hydraulic giant to outside process being a large amount of loss of flood peak, it is therefore understood that described process is more than adding power consumption, but also reduces the diameter of the pillars of processed material. Therefore, in field, there is the demand of the produced loss of flood peak in restriction hydraulic giant.

Patent documentation discloses the various hydraulic giants for jet grouting department, there is multiple conduit inside hydraulic giant, the plurality of conduit distorts according to the layout of multi-spiral geometry, and these passages can guided liquid-flow from the entrance screw of hydraulic giant to the entrance of associated nozzles. JP-A-2008285811 gives an example. For normally used structure (namely such multi-spiral geometry does not substantially ensure that, the free-moving structure of turbulization) at aspect of performance, there is maximum improvement, unless that the basic parameter of the correct mark of said structure is determined that and is modified in the entrance and exit region of jet, so that efficiency maximizes.

This patent documentation also describes other hydraulic giant with one or more crooked pipeline, these crooked pipelines are used for making fluid mixture deviate, fluid mixture is carried from main pipeline towards side nozzle, it then follows the path that direction gradually changes, thus reducing turbulent flow and concentrating the loss of flood peak. US-5228809 discloses a kind of pipeline with constant cross-section and regular curvature. EP-1396585 discloses the pipeline of the variable curvature progressively attenuated. But, diameter for fluid mixture is transported to the pipeline of nozzle along whole final entrance length depends on the needs of the balance of the requirement contrary to two kinds: first, it is necessary to the external dimensions (generally relatively small and be sized to about about 100mm) of restriction hydraulic giant; Second, it is desirable to provide possible optimal curvatures radius to pipeline. In other words, these systems provide a length, and this length has appreciable length and the diameter reduced, and can compared with the length of the outlet of nozzle. Therefore, the advantage concentrating loss stemming from reduction is limited by the fact that fluid has very high speed, very high synthesis friction loss in final lengths. It addition, the existence of pipeline, bending and rounding (radius) greatly complicates the general frame of hydraulic giant so that assembling, maintenance and demounting procedure are much more complex.

Summary of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic giant or injector head, this injector head leave hydraulic giant jet penetrate (penetrativecapacity) ability in there is the efficiency of maximum possible, more precisely, pending soil obtains bigger crushing effect, and power consumption remains unchanged.

This purpose and other purpose and advantage, understand more fully by obtaining from content hereafter, and is obtained by the injector head or hydraulic giant with feature listed in claims according to the present invention. In short, injector head includes Outer cylindrical body, and have: at least one fluid upper entrance, at least one outlet side nozzle and at least one helical pipe with helical centre. Upper entrance is connected to nozzle by this pipeline, and the fluid flowing through this pipeline is transmitted the longitudinal axis around outer body and the screw towards nozzle. This helical pipe is tapered towards nozzle, and the terminal length including pipeline, when from when being parallel to longitudinal axis and be tangential in terms of the sectional plane of helical centre, and when in terms of sectional plane perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis, this terminal length is rounded to nozzle in the way of attenuating.

Accompanying drawing explanation

It is now described with reference to the drawings the preferred non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, in accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1, Figure 1A and Fig. 2 are the graphical representation of exemplary of the geometric shape illustrating helix;

Fig. 3 illustrates the schematic diagram of two Contraction Ducts;

Fig. 4 is the perspective schematic view of the part cut-away form of an embodiment of the injector head according to the present invention or hydraulic giant;

Fig. 5 is the schematic plan view of the somewhat magnification ratio of the hydraulic giant shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the spiral body being incorporated in the hydraulic giant shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is the viewgraph of cross-section along the line VII-VII in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the elevational perspective view of the parts shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is the view of the magnification ratio of details shown in Fig. 6;

Figure 10 A to Figure 10 C is the same parts being applied to the spiral body shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 perspective views in different angles;

Figure 11 and Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the planar development of the example illustrating the helical pipe in hydraulic giant;

The perspective view of two kinds of different embodiments of the spiral body that Figure 13 and Figure 14 is in hydraulic giant.

Detailed description of the invention

Before detailed description to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is provided, the relevant criterion that content presentation hereinafter performs to realize the present invention, and these standards are all based on seeking maximum jet efficiency. In this respect, convection cell stream Motor execution energy spectrometer in hydraulic giant, analyze the loss of flood peak. Consider the condition that the framework of hydraulic giant utilizes, analyzing from these, embody herein below:

The entrance of-liquid stream is substantially perpendicular to or is parallel to the axis of hydraulic giant;

-liquid stream outlet relative to hydraulic giant axis substantially orthogonal to; And

There is central tube in-hydraulic giant, this central tube originates from the free leaving channel of the cooling fluid of the head of bar,

In order to obtain the efficiency (or minimum loss of flood peak) of maximum possible, the path that fluid must be taked in hydraulic giant is spiral path. Therefore, it practice, the direction continuing deviation liquid stream is possible, and continuing to change the cross section of pipeline and hydraulic diameter is also possible, this just determines spiral path. In this article, " path " refers to the geometric position of each point, and this geometric position determines the center of the cross section of the pipeline of the fluid stream being orthogonal in hydraulic giant. In other words, this path overlaps with center (spiral) line of pipeline, as described in detail below. It will be apparent that not all spiral path can both bring about the desired effect in making minimization of loss. For this, i.e. in order to make the loss of flood peak owing to being caused by hydraulic giant itself minimum, it has been found that, the best spiral path that fluid must be taked is determined by five conditions making loss reduction, as mentioned below.

With reference to Fig. 1, the formula of general spiral path is determined by following component:

X=r (��) cos ��

Y=r (��) sin ��

Z=h (��),

Wherein, r (��) and h (��) is the function of angle, ��, and this angle can at numerical value ��₁(entrance of hydraulic giant) and ��₂Change in scope between (angle value at outlet nozzle place).

Make first condition of loss reductionIt is that the radius r of spiral path keeps constant ideally. In some cases, for design reasons, this is impossible; But, above-mentioned radius must between the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant linear change. At random set wherein angle, �� and be positioned at zero (i.e. ��₁=0) lower limit of scope, it is meant that it needs to be determined that variable will be substituted by ��₂, or in equivalent way, for the height H of hydraulic giant, the distance on the axis of this hydraulic giant being highly understood between the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant itself. About function h (��), when helix (referring to Fig. 2) of equal pitch, will there is following relation:

Pitch P=z (��=2 ��)=h2 �� (wherein, h is greater than the constant value of zero)

Tg ��=h/r

Z=h ��=rtg �� ��

It practice, do not verify the condition of equal pitch in example shown here, this is owing to the angle [alpha] of spiral path being present between the entrance of hydraulic giant (�� �� 90 ��) and outlet (�� �� 0 ��) has change.

Make second condition of loss reductionAs follows: the function of the change of the angle [alpha] of the spiral path between the entrance and exit of expression hydraulic giant must be linear; In other words, represent that the function of the change of the angle [alpha] of the helix along path has constant derivative.

The angle [alpha] of porch can not be set equal to 90 ��, because the infinity of derivative (infinite) value is corresponding to this angle value. Therefore, it is necessary to the entrance of hydraulic giant is carried out rounding, so that the almost vertical direction of liquid stream deflection, the direction phase residual quantity �� of this almost vertical direction and exact vertical, so that loss reduction (Make the 3rd condition of loss reduction). By way of example, the value for the less conical entrance concentrating loss being known from literature that is the radius angle delta value equal to 20 ��, the actual entry at 20 �� of fluid intake (starting point in path) places being equal to 70 �� (namely 90 ��-20 ��) corresponding to �� value, this produces the less concentration loss of flood peak. If the function derivative describing the change of the angle [alpha] of spiral path is constant relative to ��, then considers the constraints of end, conclude that this function will be linear, i.e. the function of following classes:

��=a+b ��=(pi/2-��) (1-��/��₂)

In this, infer that the contact between the tangent of z and �� is necessary. Due to the transmutability of the �� of itself along path, the increase of function dz as �� is different at each point place of spiral path, and this increment can be provided by following equation:

Dz=rtg �� d ��

Thus, integration is passed through, it is thus achieved that the z value being associated with each �� value:

Z=�� rtg �� d ��=-r/b [ln | cos �� |-ln | cosa |]

Establish the multiple decisive relation for determining optimal path according to known formula, for calculating the loss of flood peak of the fluid moved in the duct and being plotted in technical literature; Especially, with reference to following relation: this relation is present in (or hydraulic diameter square) change in cross section and concentrates loss relative between the corresponding coefficient of unexpected changes of section.

Observe, owing to being present in the change in cross section between the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant (or hydraulic diameter square), represent the reduction in the cross section between the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant function S (or represent hydraulic diameter square the function D of reduction) must be linear, that is, have constant derivative (Make the 4th condition of loss reduction)��

Further observed result is obtained from the research to the loss of flood peak in Contraction Ducts. If the hydraulic diameter at the entrance and exit place of hydraulic giant is known, so the linear expansion in path shows, the value of the opening half-angle according to the Contraction Ducts therefore designed, likely obtain very short path (L1 in Fig. 3), this very short path causes the bigger concentration loss because unexpected changes of section causes, or very long path (L2 in Fig. 3), on the contrary, this very long path causes the bigger friction loss because the friction on wall causes, but concentrates loss less for suitable degree of angle ��.

Learning from technical literature, in order to make the loss of flood peak become fairly small, the tapered best half-angle �� of pipeline must keep being comprised between 5 �� to 15 ��; Therefore, limit can change length L value scope be possible, this scope give substantially optimize path (Make the 5th condition of loss reduction)��

When designing hydraulic giant, first selects to relate to the maximum permissible value (that is, 15 ��) of cone angle ��, in order to realize the shortest feasible path when not producing sizable concentration loss. By rule of thumb, the feasibility elected will be verified, because the intermediate cross-section between the channel cross-section of the pipeline can verified between the continuous pitch of helicoid, and the thickness between the channel cross-section of the pipeline between the continuous pitch of helicoid can be detected, this thickness is less than minimum thickness, and this thickness is the function of the operating pressure of the fluid of motion in hydraulic giant. Therefore, the method adopting iterative type is necessary, and this method is determined for compliance with the maximum of the �� of designing requirement.

Five conditions having been explained above are enough to analytically determine the formula of helicoid so that the loss of flood peak in hydraulic giant is minimum. The analysis in the path of helicoid is determined afterwards to pipeline " structure ", it will be appreciated that the cross section meaning each some place orientation in the path of orthogonal helicoid is applied in the pointwise of the analog value of path upper channel area of section.

Therefore, (in above-mentioned understanding), the formula of optimal path is determined by relationship below:

(1) x=rcos ��

(2) y=rsin ��

(3) z=-r/b [ln | cos �� |-ln | cosa |]

(4)��[0; ��₂]

(5) r=cost

(6) ��=(pi/2-��) (1-��/��₂)

(7) a=pi/2-��

(8) b=-(pi/2-��)/��₂

(9) L=�� (dx²+dy²+dz²)^0.5=(D₁-D₂)/[2tg��]

If entrance section S1, hydraulic diameter D1 and radius r (actually they correspond to reference configuration variable) are known, then the value of setup parameter �� and �� is necessary. Especially, the selection of angle �� is verified when first time calculates and terminates, and is likely to need iterative process. Once it is determined that these conditions, it is possible to derive as hydraulic diameter D₂The disappearance variable (missingvariable) of function, described hydraulic diameter is actually by consistent for the actual diameter with nozzle. It practice, to D₂Determination be equal to the value of the length L being determined helix by formula (9). ��₂Value obtain to the parsing of definite integral again by (9) formula. The path of helix can be rebuild from formula (1), (2) and (3).

In sum, therefore:

The area linear ground of-channel cross-section reduces, or has constant gradient;

The linear ground of the hydraulic diameter of-channel cross-section reduces, or has constant gradient;

-if it is known that the hydraulic diameter D of porch₁Hydraulic diameter D with exit₂, then determine the length in path;

The radius of the helix in-restriction path is preferably constant; If for design reasons, constant is impossible, then described radius must change linearly between the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant;

The change of the inclination alpha of the helix in-restriction path is linear, or represents that the function of the �� change relative to �� must have constant gradient; The entrance of hydraulic giant has the radius of constant cross-section, wherein introduces liquid stream relative to vertical direction bias �� (between 5 �� and 30 ��, for instance 20 ��);

The pitch of the helix in-restriction path reduces between the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant;

-pipeline makes liquid stream roundedization (radius) left along the generally axial direction arrival liquid stream with the hydraulic giant of entrance of hydraulic giant and the general radial direction along the hydraulic giant of the entrance with nozzle, and corners is interpreted as on cross section or direction without the on average guiding of change suddenly.

It is generally designated as 10 referring now to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, injector head or hydraulic giant. Hydraulic giant includes lining or the outer sleeve 12 of cylindrical tube shape, and this sleeve has exterior cylindrical surfaces 15a and inner cylindrical surface 15b. The pressurized fluidic of consolidation fluid mixture (being typically concrete mix) treated by one or more side nozzles 11 by hydraulic giant for being carried, in order to broken soil around is also so as to consolidate. The upper end of hydraulic giant can be connected to a string tubular rod (not shown) in a manner known per se, in order to is vertically movable hydraulic giant and rotates hydraulic giant around central longitudinal axis z. In this specification and in the appended claims, represent term and the statement in position and direction, such as " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " radially ", " top " and " bottom ", it should be understood that for about central axis z and about the use state of axis z perpendicular.

Hydraulic giant top is provided with entrance 16, by this entrance introduce be transported to side injection nozzle treat consolidation pressurised mixt. Two side nozzles 11 in example shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are oriented in the plane of substantial horizontal (being namely substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z of hydraulic giant), thus along not guiding corresponding outlet jet by the direction of axis Z. Statement " substantial horizontal " means nozzle and is oriented in the direction sloped slightly downward relative to the plane being perpendicular to axis Z, for instance and it is exactly perpendicularly to the direction of the plane forming range of the axis Z angle between 0 �� to 15 ��. Nozzle 11 is positioned at the lower end of hydraulic giant, and it is fluidly connected to upper entrance 16 by corresponding helical pipe 13, described helical pipe is pointed to the fluid transmission tangential component in entrance 16, and this tangential component makes liquid stream rotate around the central longitudinal axis z of hydraulic giant. In other words, the motion passing to fluid is screw type. The motion of fluid is laterally guided by the inner cylindrical surface 15b of sleeve 12 and is limited. The spiral-shaped helical surface faced by a pair of every pipeline 13 limits, namely helical surface 14a and lower helical surface 14b is gone up, two helical surface are all formed (Fig. 8) by rigid helical body 17, this spiral body is preferably metal material, is at least temporarily fixed in chamber or the inner cylindrical surface 15b of sleeve 12. In a preferred embodiment, helical surface 14a, 14b are " groove " helicoids formed by the screw of straight line. Labelling 19 represents central tubular core body, and this core body is formed by described spiral body 17 and had exterior cylindrical surfaces 20 and axial centre chamber 21, and this chamber is suitable to allow that lubricating fluid passes through to lubricate the apex point (not shown) being arranged on below hydraulic giant. In this example, the cross section of pipeline 13 is rectangle, limits by helical surface 14a at top, limits by helical surface 14b in bottom, and outside is limited by cylindrical surface 15b and inside is limited by cylindrical surface 20. But, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the pipeline of square-section; The pipeline of different cross section is also feasible, for instance, circular cross-section or the different cross section of radius. The body 17 being shown respectively in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is processed by solid material preferably by lathe, thus obtaining spiral channel, described helical duct limits the pipeline of hydraulic giant together with the inner surface of sleeve 12.

Described herein with in all different embodiment illustrated, helical pipe 13 is tapered towards corresponding nozzle 11, and includes the terminal length with the pipeline of helical centre m (Figure 11 and Figure 12); When from be parallel to longitudinal axis and be tangential on the sectional plane (schematically marking with P in Fig. 1 and Figure 1A) of helical centre m see described length time, and when terminal length in terms of the sectional plane transverse or perpendicular to axis Z, described terminal length is rounded to nozzle in the way of attenuating.

Spiral-shaped about pipeline 13, the fluid being arranged in hydraulic giant follows fixing spiral path, without being subject to the impact that track changes suddenly, so that the formation of turbulent flow or irregular component motion minimize, reduces energy expenditure simultaneously. Along pipeline, reduce with can be used for the area linear in cross section that enables flow through, or there is constant gradient; More specifically, as it has been described above, the linear ground of the hydraulic diameter of channel cross-section reduces, i.e. there is constant gradient, until the region of nozzle 11. The radius of the helix limiting pipeline 13 path is held substantially constant, and the inclination alpha of same helix reduces along nozzle dimension linear; In other words, the pitch of the helix limiting path reduces linearly towards discharge nozzle.

Compared with traditional hydraulic giant discussed with the preface part of this specification, under equal flow velocity and pressure, there is according to the more heavy in section of the hydraulic giant of the present invention loss of flood peak that may be significantly smaller or minimum possible loss, and there is given helical geometry. It is known that when incompressible fluid, 5 powers of the lateral dimension of friction loss and pipeline are inversely proportional to. Therefore, hydraulic giant nozzle place is arrived than the jet of traditional hydraulic giant higher energy. As a result, the effect of jet grouting is more effective, because when using Same Efficieney, will obtain the column consolidated soil with larger diameter.

In order to obtain sharpest edges at aspect of performance, nozzle is according to the tangent line of the exterior cylindrical surfaces of hydraulic giant or secant and directed along the direction consistent with the direction of advance of fluid, as can be seen in the schematic depiction in figure 5. The quantity of nozzle, type and can change as requested relative to the inclination angle of one or more horizontal planes (or being perpendicular to the plane of the longitudinal axis of hydraulic giant). In embodiment shown in Figure 5, leave the jet orientation of fluid of nozzle 11 on the rightabout along two parallel lines.

Hydraulic giant keeps all fluid stream to flock together until the ability of outlet nozzle significantly reduces the turbulent flow in terminal part; This factor, together with the clean minimizing of the friction loss of distribution, compared with tradition hydraulic giant, is favorably improved the performance of hydraulic giant and makes hydraulic efficiency maximize.

Each side nozzle 11 includes insert 18, and this insert is made up of high-abrasive material and has internal hemorrhage due to trauma bucket shape passage.

When helical pipe 13 has polygonal cross-section, rectangular duct in all examples as shown in Figure 4, it is generally of the terminal length near the nozzle of circular cross-section and includes deflector 25 (Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8), it is shown respectively in Figure 10 A-C, this deflector provides the progressive passage from polygonal cross-section to circular cross-section, to avoid local head loss. Element 25 forms polygon ingate and round exit. Advantageously, these elements 25 can be made up of the high-abrasive material of the insert 18 being similar to nozzle, but, owing to the speed of the fluid in this length is higher, therefore, souring becomes apparent from. In the example shown in Fig. 8, deflector 25 is fixed by welding on structure 15b. Alternatively, hydraulic giant can pass through hot investment casting or electricity corrosion-tank finishing process as entirety or utilize similar technique to obtain, and therefore, element 25 can form the single component with helical surface. Half-angle �� in the entrance of corners element 25 is also between 5 �� to 15 ��.

Labelling 24 represents potted component, and described potted component prevents the leakage between helical pipe and jet expansion. It is true that due to very high pressure, if there is simple shock or simple mechanical engagement, then jetting stream will not still be limited in pipeline. When internal coiling body 17 inserting sleeve 12 being internal, this situation may occur between internal coiling body 17. In this case, potted component will not be inserted between the cylindrical edge 14c engaging two helical surface (upper surface 14a and lower surface 14b), and the liquid stream of blasting materials be likely to from upper pitch of the laps pitch leak into lower pitch of the laps pitch (but, this phenomenon only occurs in initial pumping stages, and now hydraulic giant is not completely filled with and abundant supercharging). But, in this assembling form completed, it is necessary to ensure that exist between the inner cavity chamber 15b of internal coiling body 17 and sleeve 12 and seal. For this reason, at least one pair of packing ring 26 is inserted in above and below nozzle, and ensures that fluid is sealed in pipeline. When not having these pads, blasting materials is likely to leakage and overflows, and nuzzle up surface 15b, causes loss of liquid and the problem of pressure loss aspect and the inefficiency relevant to the final scouring capability of jet.

It addition, can be seen more clearly from from Fig. 7, the thickness of the insert 18 realized by wear-resisting and replaceable material equally is it is meant that suitably make the radially side surface of pipeline 13 be rounded in insert 18 entrance of the tapered channel formed. In other words, it is necessary to the inner cylindrical surface 15b of sleeve 12 is rounded to the entrance of insert 18. Deflector 25 can make the ambient fluid stream of abutment surface 15b deviate step by step, towards the region being slightly closer to center, and substantially along the chord line through nozzle-axis. Deflector 25 has can the exterior cylindrical surfaces 25b and cambered inner surface 25a for making the flow direction deviate of surface 15b of contact sleeve 12. The thickness of deflector is gradually increased, and by this way, in the porch of insert 18, cambered inner surface 25a originates in thin end 25c and terminates at thick end 25d, and thin end is closer to upstream in pipeline 13, and thick end is closer to downstream. The edge of deflector can present the inclined-plane 25e for being soldered to surface 15b. Deflector 25 is suitably made up of high-abrasive material, for instance Wei Diya hard alloy (Widia) or tungsten carbide or sintered material or other material.

Figure 11 and Figure 12 illustrates the vertical cross-section of two examples of helical pipe 13 expanded view in vertical plane; M represents the centrage of helical pipe 13. Abscissa marks the value of the angle started from angle value zero measured in horizontal plane, and described angle value zero represents the central axis Z by hydraulic giant and by the vertical plane of lower point, and helical pipe 13 terminates in insert 18 at this lower point place.

Should be appreciated that the embodiment that the invention is not restricted to be described herein as and illustrate, these embodiments are considered the illustrative embodiments of hydraulic giant; On the contrary, it is possible in the form of parts and layout, the details of structure and its operating aspect, the present invention is modified. Such as, can there is one or more nozzle in the terminal length of the every helical pipe being positioned on same level or different level. Additionally, for the application of two-fluid jet (such as air-grouting or water-grouting), it is provided that be suitable to the space outerpace of air (or water) supply to the outlet of nozzle, as what use together with current and traditional hydraulic giant. It addition, these pipe specials can be used for inserting instrument or cable wherein, it is intended to from instrument to outside information transmission (data transmission), vice versa. Finally, it is possible to form two or more such hydraulic giants (single fluid hydraulic giant and two-fluid hydraulic giant), to carry out three fluid jet grouting treatment.

About the shape of helical pipe, it has been already mentioned that this depends on design condition, and these technology are appropriately dependent on the quantity of the hydraulic giant produced more or less. Therefore, can from described shape, this shape realizes with the single component with generally polygonal cross section, component for limited quantity, to the shape by casting or electricity etch obtains, wherein pipeline can realize with the shape closer to best theoretical shape, the abundant corners of entrance and exit at hydraulic giant.

Claims (15)

1. one kind is used for treating the injector head (10) that consolidation pressure fluid mixture is ejected into underground, and to form consolidated soil part, described injector head includes:

Outer cylindrical body (12), described Outer cylindrical body limits a central longitudinal axis (Z);

At least one upper entrance (16), for receiving from the fluid being arranged in a string tubular rod above described injector head;

At least one outlet side nozzle (11), is located normal in the plane of described longitudinal axis (Z), or extends along the direction sloped slightly downward relative to the plane being perpendicular to described longitudinal axis (Z);

At least one helical pipe (13), limit a helical centre (m), described upper entrance (16) is connected to described nozzle (11) by described helical pipe (13), thus the fluid flowing through described helical pipe is transmitted around described longitudinal axis (Z) and the screw towards described nozzle (11)

It is characterized in that, described helical pipe (13) is tapered towards described nozzle (11), and the terminal length including described helical pipe, when from be parallel to described longitudinal axis (Z) and be tangential on the sectional plane (P) of described helical centre see time, and when from when being perpendicular in terms of the sectional plane of described longitudinal axis (Z), described terminal length is rounded to described nozzle in the way of attenuating.

2. injector head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described helical pipe (13) is rounded to described upper entrance (16), making in that rounded area, the straight line of described longitudinal axis (Z) and the helical centre (m) being tangential on described helical pipe (13) forms acute angle less than 30 ��.

3. injector head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:

A) radius (r) of described helical centre is constant, or linearly increases from described upper entrance (16) to the outlet of described nozzle (11) or reduce linearly;

B) screw pitch of described helical pipe or helical angle (��) stably reduce from described upper entrance (16) to the outlet of described nozzle (11); And

C) area of section being perpendicular to described helical centre (m) of described helical pipe (13) reduces linearly from described upper entrance (16) to the outlet of described nozzle (11).

4. injector head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the helical angle (��) at described upper entrance (16) place scope between 60 �� to 90 ��.

5. injector head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described helical pipe (13) tapered half-angle (��) is comprised between 5 �� to 15 ��.

6. injector head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described at least one helical pipe (13) limits in the following way:

Internally or towards described longitudinal axis (Z), limited by the cylindrical surface (20) of central tubular core body (19), described central tubular core body has the axial centre chamber (21) of the passage for fluid, and

Externally or peripherally, limited by the inner cylindrical surface (15b) of described Outer cylindrical body (12), described Outer cylindrical is originally internal is fixed with rigid body (17), described rigid body forms at least one spiral channel, described spiral channel provides the helical surface faced by a pair, and described helical surface is upper helical surface (14a) and lower helical surface (14b).

7. injector head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:

Described helical pipe (13) has polygonal cross section, specifically rectangle;

Described nozzle (11) has circular cross-section, and

In described terminal length, described helical pipe (13) is rounded to described nozzle (11) by least one piece of deflector (25), described deflector (25) limits a polygon entrance, a round exit and intermediate length, in that rounding point, the shape of described polygon entrance is congruent to the shape in the cross section of described helical pipe (13), described round exit is congruent to the outlet of described nozzle (11), and described intermediate length is gradually transitions circular cross-section from polygonal cross-section.

8. injector head according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, in described helical pipe (13), positive upstream at described nozzle (11), it is fixed with or is formed with deflector (25), described deflector (25) has arcuate surface (25a), described arcuate surface is in the face of the inner side of described helical pipe and is suitable to make fluid little by little be offset to the region at more center from the outer peripheral areas of the peripheral side surface (15b) of contiguous described helical pipe (13), region place at more center, the end being positioned at relatively downstream of described arcuate surface (25a) is rounded to the upper entrance of described nozzle (11) equably.

9. the injector head according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that described deflector (25) is made up of high-abrasive material.

10. injector head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the spiral-shaped helical surface faced by a pair of each helical pipe (13) limits, described helical surface includes helical surface (14a) and lower helical surface (14b), the two surface is all formed by rigid helical body (17), and described rigid helical body is fixed in the inner cylinder chamber (15b) of the sleeve constituting described Outer cylindrical body (12).

11. injector head according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, including sealing device (26), described sealing device is plugged between the inner surface (15b) of internal coiling body (17) and described Outer cylindrical body (12).

12. injector head according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described deflector (25) is made up of rigid arched element, described rigid arched element is fixed in described helical pipe (13), and there is the exterior cylindrical surfaces (25b) of the inner cylindrical surface (15b) contacting described Outer cylindrical body (12), and the thickness of described deflector is gradually increased, by this way, make the upper entrance place at described nozzle (11), described arcuate surface (25a) originates in thin end (25c) and terminates at thick end (25d), described thin end in described helical pipe (13) closer to upstream, and described thick end is closer to downstream.

13. injector head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, at least one outlet side nozzle (11) described extends along the direction that slopes slightly downward relative to the plane being perpendicular to described longitudinal axis (Z), thus and being exactly perpendicularly to the plane forming range of described longitudinal axis (Z) angle between 0 �� to 15 ��.

14. injector head according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the helical angle (��) at described upper entrance (16) place is 70 ��.

15. injector head according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described high-abrasive material is Wei Diya hard alloy or tungsten carbide or sintered material.