CN103205614B - A kind of production technique of 6063 aluminum alloy materials - Google Patents
A kind of production technique of 6063 aluminum alloy materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN103205614B CN103205614B CN201310101797.XA CN201310101797A CN103205614B CN 103205614 B CN103205614 B CN 103205614B CN 201310101797 A CN201310101797 A CN 201310101797A CN 103205614 B CN103205614 B CN 103205614B
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229910000553 6063 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Si] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Si] KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005417 food ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018575 Al—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of novel 6063 aluminum alloy materials, rare earth element is added in former 6063 aluminium alloys, composition and the weight percent of novel 6063 aluminium alloys are: Si:0.36% ~ 0.4%, Mg:0.48% ~ 0.52%, Fe:0 ~ 0.35%, Cu:0 ~ 0.1%, Mn:0 ~ 0.05%, Cr:0 ~ 0.05%, Zn:0 ~ 0.05%, Ti:0 ~ 0.05%, rare earth element: 0.18% ~ 0.22%, all the other impurity: 0 ~ 0.1%, Al: surplus, and each component percentages sum is 100%.The present invention's control Mg, Si content and control, within one comparatively close limit, simultaneously to add the mixed rare-earth elements based on cerium and alloying element boron, makes alloy material keep high strength to possess electric-conductivity heat-conductivity high performance simultaneously; Machining property, plastic extrusion can be improved, improve production efficiency low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel 6063 aluminum alloy materials, belong to technical field of nonferrous metal processing.
Background technology
6063 aluminium alloys are widened the application of the field such as building, decoration, automobile, aviation, electronics, have had higher requirement to the strength property of new modified wrought aluminium alloy, corrosion resistant performance, heat-tinting performance.Make machining property poor due to a large amount of existence of hard phase in part aluminium alloy, squeeze is comparatively large, and the mould abrasion large life-span is lower, and extrusion speed is slow, and production efficiency is low, and energy consumption is high.For some thin-wall complicated section bars, especially flakiness ratio is greater than 100 shape asymmetry and the large extruded section of different in nature degree, and common 6063 alloys at all can not be well shaping, and in order to meet the demand in market, this just requires that alloy carries out composition improvement.
In recent years, the application of rare earth element in 6063 alloys causes to be paid close attention to widely, and the domestic research in this field is more than external active.Abroad to the research of employing master alloy grain-refining agent, as the structure property of 6063 aluminium alloys of Al-Ti or Al-Ti-B refinement, but to 6063 aluminium alloy microtextures of RE refinement and performance study few.And in 5 to 10 years from now on, the supply and demand of China's building, industry, national defence aluminium profile market are by steady growth, throughput increase and the growth of requirement capability by a basic balance, and have 80% in architectural shape, have 50% in industry profile, national defence section bar has 20% to be 6063 and the new modified wrought aluminium alloy section bar of 6063D.Due to current China, to build 6063 aluminium profile product production costs higher, quality product and Technology have a long way to go, therefore the section bar of China mostly concentrates on low-end product, and 6063 aluminium section bars are difficult to the section bar producing section material section complexity, make the narrow application range of product.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of control Mg, Si content is provided and controls within one comparatively close limit, add the mixed rare-earth elements based on cerium and alloying element boron simultaneously, make alloy material keep high strength to possess electric-conductivity heat-conductivity high performance simultaneously; Machining property, plastic extrusion can be improved, improve novel 6063 aluminum alloy materials that production efficiency is low.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
6063 alloying constituents meeting national standard are: Si:0.2 ~ 0.6%, Mg:0.45 ~ 09%, Fe≤0.35%, Cu≤0.1%, Mn≤0.1%, Zn≤0.1%, Ti≤0.1%, Cr≤0.1%, other compositions often plant content≤0.05%, other composition total content≤0.15%, Al: surplus, and the weight percent sum of each component is 100%.
Novel 6063 aluminum alloy materials of one of the present invention, rare earth element is added in former 6063 aluminium alloys, composition and the weight percent of novel 6063 aluminium alloys are: Si:0.36% ~ 0.4%, Mg:0.48% ~ 0.52%, Fe:0 ~ 0.35%, Cu:0 ~ 0.1%, Mn:0 ~ 0.05%, Cr:0 ~ 0.05%, Zn:0 ~ 0.05%, Ti:0 ~ 0.05%, rare earth element: 0.18% ~ 0.22%, all the other impurity: 0 ~ 0.1%, Al: surplus, and each component percentages sum is 100%.
Described rare earth element comprises La and Ce, and its weight percent is: La is 41.5%, Ce is 58.5%.
A kind of technological process of production of novel 6063 aluminum alloy materials comprises the following steps:
S1: batching: select the commercial-purity aluminium of 99.7%, Al-rare earth intermediate alloy, industrial magnesium ingot and aluminium silicon intermediate alloy ingot as furnace charge starting material, and selected insulating covering agent, refining agent and coating are as subsidiary material;
The raw-material component of each furnace charge and weight percent are respectively: in commercial-purity aluminium (99.7%), major impurity element and per-cent thereof are: Ti:0.003%, B:0.0005%, Fe:0.154%, Si:0.109%, Cu:0.002%, V:0.102%, C:0.001%, Al: surplus;
The moiety of Al-rare earth intermediate alloy and weight percent are: La:5.3%, Ce:2.7%, Pr:1.0%, Nd:0.9%, impurity≤0.1%, Al: surplus;
Industry magnesium ingot moiety and weight percent are: Fe:0.05%, Si:0.03%, Cu:0.02%, Al:0.05%, Cl:0.005%, Mn:0.06%, impurity: 0.2%, Mg: surplus;
Composition and the weight percent of aluminium silicon intermediate alloy ingot are: Al:75%, Si:23%, all the other impurity: 2%;
According to batching total amount, food ingredient on request calculates and adds each raw-material usage quantity;
S2: smelting and pouring: first skim before melting and cast, smelting and pouring comprises following sub-step:
S21: stirring tool is cleaned out painting and coat and be preheated to 200 ~ 300 DEG C, after metal die is preheating to 200 ~ 300 DEG C, swabbing be preheating to again 200 ~ 300 DEG C to be cast;
S22: melting: load 2/3 aluminium ingot in smelting furnace, after melting of metal, adds aluminium silicon intermediate alloy ingot and residue aluminium ingot, intensification melting batch, when waiting furnace charge to be heated to softening staying, sprinkles insulating covering agent protection melt, continues heating, when load melting in level time, suitable stirring melt makes homogeneous temperature consistent, also be conducive to accelerating fusing simultaneously, when temperature reaches 680 DEG C, skim, and will be preheating in the industrial magnesium ingot press-in crucible of 200 ~ 300 DEG C with bell jar, and slowly turn round and move, time is that 3 ~ 5min is until dissolve completely, insulation 5min, then continue heat up and add insulating covering agent, when being warmed up to 720 DEG C, skim, and with bell jar by Al-rare earth intermediate alloy press-in crucible, and slow pitch of the laps or movement are until it dissolves completely, add insulating covering agent simultaneously, and carry out slight stirring and make it to be uniformly dissolved, insulation 15min,
S23: cast: skim after taking out crucible with suspender, preheated metal die is taken out simultaneously, filter screen is supportted, the distance keeping casting ladle and funnel top is 30 ~ 35cm, to maintain enough pouring pressures, the duration of pouring in 1min within, teeming temperature is 720 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C, take out ingot casting every 5 ~ 10min clock, carry out quality inspection.
The composition of the insulating covering agent selected in described step S2 and weight percent are: NaCl:39%, KCl:50%, Na
3alF
6: 6.6%, CaF
2: 4.4%.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, through inspection, tensile strength of the present invention reaches 212MPa, disproportional elongation stress reaches 189MPa, elongation reaches 9.0%, all higher than tensile strength >=160MPa, the disproportional elongation stress >=110MPa of national regulation, the standard of elongation >=8%;
2. control Mg, Si content and control, within one comparatively close limit, to add the mixed rare-earth elements based on cerium and alloying element boron simultaneously, adopt complete solid solution simultaneously, makes alloy material keep high strength to possess electric-conductivity heat-conductivity high performance simultaneously; Simultaneously, for 6063 aluminium alloys of Ti, B, RE refinement, because RE and Mg and Si reaction defines Al-Si-Mg-RE compound, consume a certain amount of Si and Mg, the strengthening phase quantity making Mg and Si react generation reduces, thus make alloy rigidity lower than equal Mg, improve machining property, enhance productivity low;
3. plastic extrusion performance significantly improves, and wherein extrusion speed improves 30%, and the grinding tool life-span improves 25%, and section bar extrusion temperature of the same race reduces by 20 ~ 30 DEG C, reduces production energy consumption, can produce the section bar of section material section complexity, widened the scope of application of 6 series alloys.
Embodiment
Further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the content that the present invention protects is not limited to the following stated.
embodiment 1: a kind of novel 6063 aluminum alloy materials, rare earth element is added in former 6063 aluminium alloys, composition and the weight percent of novel 6063 aluminium alloys are: Si:0.36%, Mg:0.48%, Fe:0.3%, Cu:0.025%, Mn:0.025%, Cr:0.05%, Zn:0.05%, Ti:0.05%, rare earth element: 0.2%, all the other impurity: 0.1%, Al: surplus, and each component percentages sum is 100%.
Described rare earth element comprises La and Ce, and its weight percent is: La is 41.5%, Ce is 58.5%.
A kind of technological process of production of novel 6063 aluminum alloy materials comprises the following steps:
S1: batching: select the commercial-purity aluminium of 99.7%, Al-rare earth intermediate alloy, industrial magnesium ingot and aluminium silicon intermediate alloy ingot as furnace charge starting material, and selected insulating covering agent, refining agent and coating are as subsidiary material;
The raw-material component of each furnace charge and weight percent are respectively: in commercial-purity aluminium (99.7%), major impurity element and per-cent thereof are: Ti:0.003%, B:0.0005%, Fe:0.154%, Si:0.109%, Cu:0.002%, V:0.102%, C:0.001%, Al: surplus;
The moiety of Al-rare earth intermediate alloy and weight percent are: La:5.3%, Ce:2.7%, Pr:1.0%, Nd:0.9%, impurity≤0.1%, Al: surplus;
Industry magnesium ingot moiety and weight percent are: Fe:0.05%, Si:0.03%, Cu:0.02%, Al:0.05%, Cl:0.005%, Mn:0.06%, impurity: 0.2%, Mg: surplus;
Composition and the weight percent of aluminium silicon intermediate alloy ingot are: Al:75%, Si:23%, all the other impurity: 2%;
According to batching total amount, food ingredient on request calculates and adds each raw-material usage quantity;
S2: smelting and pouring: first skim before melting and cast, smelting and pouring comprises following sub-step:
S21: stirring tool is cleaned out painting and coat and be preheated to 200 ~ 300 DEG C, after metal die is preheating to 200 ~ 300 DEG C, swabbing be preheating to again 200 ~ 300 DEG C to be cast;
S22: melting: load 2/3 aluminium ingot in smelting furnace, after melting of metal, adds aluminium silicon intermediate alloy ingot and residue aluminium ingot, intensification melting batch, when waiting furnace charge to be heated to softening staying, sprinkles insulating covering agent protection melt, continues heating, when load melting in level time, suitable stirring melt makes homogeneous temperature consistent, also be conducive to accelerating fusing simultaneously, when temperature reaches 680 DEG C, skim, and will be preheating in the industrial magnesium ingot press-in crucible of 200 ~ 300 DEG C with bell jar, and slowly turn round and move, time is that 3 ~ 5min is until dissolve completely, insulation 5min, then continue heat up and add insulating covering agent, when being warmed up to 720 DEG C, skim, and with bell jar by Al-rare earth intermediate alloy press-in crucible, and slow pitch of the laps or movement are until it dissolves completely, add insulating covering agent simultaneously, and carry out slight stirring and make it to be uniformly dissolved, insulation 15min,
S23: cast: skim after taking out crucible with suspender, preheated metal die is taken out simultaneously, filter screen is supportted, the distance keeping casting ladle and funnel top is 30 ~ 35cm, to maintain enough pouring pressures, the duration of pouring in 1min within, teeming temperature is 720 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C, take out ingot casting every 5 ~ 10min clock, carry out quality inspection.
The composition of the insulating covering agent selected in described step S2 and weight percent are: NaCl:39%, KCl:50%, Na
3alF
6: 6.6%, CaF
2: 4.4%.
embodiment 2: a kind of novel 6063 aluminum alloy materials, rare earth element is added in former 6063 aluminium alloys, composition and the weight percent of novel 6063 aluminium alloys are: Si:0.52%, Mg:0.4%, Fe:0.35%, Mn:0.05%, Zn:0.05%, rare earth element: 0.18%, Al: surplus, and each component percentages sum is 100%.
Described rare earth element comprises La and Ce, and its weight percent is: La is 41.5%, Ce is 58.5%.
A kind of technological process of production of novel 6063 aluminum alloy materials is identical with embodiment 1.
embodiment 3: a kind of novel 6063 aluminum alloy materials, rare earth element is added in former 6063 aluminium alloys, composition and the weight percent of novel 6063 aluminium alloys are: Si:0.5%, Mg:0.38%, Cu:0.1%, Cr:0.05%, Ti:0.05%, rare earth element: 0.22%, all the other impurity: 0.1%, Al: surplus, and each component percentages sum is 100%.
Described rare earth element comprises La and Ce, and its weight percent is: La is 41.5%, Ce is 58.5%.
A kind of technological process of production of novel 6063 aluminum alloy materials is identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (1)
1. the production technique of an aluminum alloy materials, composition and the weight percent of 6063 described aluminium alloys are: Si:0.36% ~ 0.4%, Mg:0.48% ~ 0.52%, Fe:0 ~ 0.35%, Cu:0 ~ 0.1%, Mn:0 ~ 0.05%, Cr:0 ~ 0.05%, Zn:0 ~ 0.05%, Ti:0 ~ 0.05%, rare earth element: 0.18% ~ 0.22%, all the other impurity: 0 ~ 0.1%, Al: surplus, and each component percentages sum is 100%; Described rare earth element comprises La and Ce, and its weight percent is: La is 41.5%, Ce is 58.5%;
It is characterized in that: described production technique, it comprises the following steps:
S1: batching: select the commercial-purity aluminium of 99.7%, Al-rare earth intermediate alloy, industrial magnesium ingot and aluminium silicon intermediate alloy ingot as furnace charge starting material, and selected insulating covering agent, refining agent and coating are as subsidiary material;
The raw-material component of each furnace charge and weight percent are respectively: in the commercial-purity aluminium of 99.7%, major impurity element and per-cent thereof are: Ti:0.003%, B:0.0005%, Fe:0.154%, Si:0.109%, Cu:0.002%, V:0.102%, C:0.001%, Al: surplus;
The moiety of Al-rare earth intermediate alloy and weight percent are: La:5.3%, Ce:2.7%, Pr:1.0%, Nd:0.9%, impurity≤0.1%, Al: surplus;
Industry magnesium ingot moiety and weight percent are: Fe:0.05%, Si:0.03%, Cu:0.02%, Al:0.05%, Cl:0.005%, Mn:0.06%, impurity: 0.2%, Mg: surplus;
Composition and the weight percent of aluminium silicon intermediate alloy ingot are: Al:75%, Si:23%, all the other impurity: 2%;
According to batching total amount, food ingredient on request calculates and adds each raw-material usage quantity;
S2: smelting and pouring: first skim before melting and cast, smelting and pouring comprises following sub-step:
S21: stirring tool is cleaned out painting and coat and be preheated to 200 ~ 300 DEG C, after metal die is preheating to 200 ~ 300 DEG C, swabbing be preheating to again 200 ~ 300 DEG C to be cast;
S22: melting: load 2/3 aluminium ingot in smelting furnace, after melting of metal, adds aluminium silicon intermediate alloy ingot and residue aluminium ingot, intensification melting batch, when waiting furnace charge to be heated to softening staying, sprinkles insulating covering agent protection melt, continues heating, when load melting in level time, suitable stirring melt makes homogeneous temperature consistent, also be conducive to accelerating fusing simultaneously, when temperature reaches 680 DEG C, skim, and will be preheating in the industrial magnesium ingot press-in crucible of 200 ~ 300 DEG C with bell jar, and slowly turn round and move, time is that 3 ~ 5min is until dissolve completely, insulation 5min, then continue heat up and add insulating covering agent, when being warmed up to 720 DEG C, skim, and with bell jar by Al-rare earth intermediate alloy press-in crucible, and slow pitch of the laps or movement are until it dissolves completely, add insulating covering agent simultaneously, and carry out slight stirring and make it to be uniformly dissolved, insulation 15min, control Mg, Si content is within one comparatively close limit, increase the mixed rare-earth elements based on cerium and alloying element boron simultaneously, adopt complete solid solution simultaneously, make alloy material keep high strength to possess electric-conductivity heat-conductivity high performance simultaneously, simultaneously, for 6063 aluminium alloys of Ti, B, RE refinement, because RE and Mg and Si reaction defines Al-Si-Mg-RE compound, consume a certain amount of Si and Mg, the strengthening phase quantity making Mg and Si react generation reduces, thus make alloy rigidity lower than equal Mg, improve machining property, enhance productivity,
S23: cast: skim after taking out crucible with suspender, preheated metal die is taken out simultaneously, filter screen is supportted, the distance keeping casting ladle and funnel top is 30 ~ 35cm, to maintain enough pouring pressures, the duration of pouring, teeming temperature was 720 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C within 1min, take out ingot casting every 5 ~ 10min, carry out quality inspection; The composition of the insulating covering agent selected in described step S2 and weight percent are: NaCl:39%, KCl:50%, Na
3alF
6: 6.6%, CaF
2: 4.4%.
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