CN103198179B - A kind of downtown area Land_use change method evaluated based on dislocation degree - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a land utilization method in the central area of a city based on dislocation degree evaluation. First, the evaluation index of the land use structure in the central area is determined, and the land use structure model of the central area is constructed by using AUTOCAD vector editing software, and then the land use structure of each central area is The models are superimposed to build the evaluation model of land use dislocation degree in the central area; then obtain the vector topographic map data of each central area of the city; then use the AUTOCAD software to calculate and obtain the index data to obtain the land use structure model of the central area; and then calculate the land use structure of each central area The model is superimposed and analyzed to obtain the land use dislocation index in the urban central area; finally, based on this, the AUTOCAD software is used as the working platform to adjust-evaluate-improve the land use efficiency in the central area. The present invention is based on accurate and measurable data, adjusts through direct visualization, and improves the land use efficiency in the urban central area.

Description

A method of land use in urban central area based on the evaluation of dislocation degree

technical field

The invention relates to a land utilization method in a city center area based on dislocation degree evaluation, and belongs to the technical field of urban planning.

Background technique

At present, in the field of urban planning, the determination of the nature of land use is random and blind. There is no effective land use method to guide people to develop limited land resources reasonably and effectively. At the same time, there is a lack of corresponding overall coordination and feedback methods within the city.

Relevant research methods have made some breakthroughs in the field of tourism planning, and put forward the spatial dislocation degree of tourism economy, using the gap between the regional tourism development level index (Xi) and the regional tourism resource index (Yi) to reflect the relationship between the layout of tourism resources and the actual tourism demand. The dislocation relationship (Zi) of , the function relationship is established as follows:

$Y_i={\mathrm{the\; y}}_i/{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^{\mathrm{no}}{\mathrm{the\; y}}_i,$ yi is the tourism resources in region i (Formula 1)

$x_i=x_i/{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^{\mathrm{no}}{x}_i,$ xi is the tourism income of region i (Equation 2)

Z _i ＝(X _i -Y _i )×100 (Formula 3)

However, the spatial dislocation of tourism economy has certain limitations in the field of urban planning. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an evaluation and feedback method for the development of land use dislocation in the central area of the city, and to adjust and control the land use status of the urban central area at any time. Improve the efficiency of land use in the central area.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: Aiming at the problems and deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a land utilization method in urban central areas based on the evaluation of dislocation degree. On the basis of the model, an evaluation model of dislocation degree is constructed, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient use of land in the central area.

Technical solution: A method of land use in urban central areas based on dislocation evaluation. First, determine the evaluation index of land use structure in the central area, use AUTOCAD vector editing software to construct a land use structure model in the central area, and then integrate the land use structure models in each central area Superimposed to build the evaluation model of land use dislocation degree in the central area; then obtain the vector topographic map data of each central area of the city; then use AUTOCAD software to calculate and obtain each index data, and obtain the land use structure model of the central area; then the land use structure model of each central area Superimposed and analyzed, the land use dislocation index of the urban central area is obtained; finally, based on this, the AUTOCAD software is used as the working platform to adjust-evaluate-improve the land use efficiency of the central area. Include the following steps:

Step 1: Determine the evaluation index of the land use structure in the central area. The public service function is the core function of the urban central area, and its structural relationship also determines the characteristics of the industrial composition of the central area, and the development of various service industries must be combined with the corresponding land use, so the land use situation is reflected in the planning relationship to the industrial structure. As far as the public service functions of the central area are concerned, they can be divided into production service types, life service types, and public service types. Among them, production service industry and life service industry are the leading functions of the central area, while public service Only some of the functions have a greater impact on the structure of the central area. On this basis, eight service industry categories are finally selected to reflect the dislocation development of the central area. The corresponding indicators are the proportions of the land use areas of the eight service industries. The eight types of land use are: A1 (administrative office land), A2 (cultural facilities land), B11 (land for retail and commercial use), B12 (land for wholesale markets), B14 (land for hotels), B21 (land for finance and insurance), B28 (land for exhibitions), B29 (land for business facilities);

Step 2: Construct the land use structure model of the central area. In the AUTOCAD software, the radar model of the land use structure of the central area is established with the determined eight types of service industries as the axis and the proportion of various types of land use as the evaluation index. In the specific model calculation process, the data indicators are relative proportion indicators, so there is no requirement for the length of the axis and the proportion of the model, but it must be ensured that the evaluation model formed by multiple central areas must have a uniform proportion and size;

Step 3: Superimpose the land use structure models of each central area to construct the evaluation model of land use dislocation degree in the central area. On this basis, the land use dislocation index in the central area can be determined by the following function model:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}$

In the formula: "D" represents the index of land use dislocation degree in the central area, "a _d " represents the area covered by the dth dislocation figure, "A _d " represents the total area of the dislocation figure in the dislocation degree evaluation model, "a _i " Indicates the coverage area of the i-th urban central area land use structure model, "A _i " indicates the total area of the land use structure model in each urban central area;

The D value reflects the degree of development dislocation between all central areas of a city. The higher the D value, the greater the functional differences between the central areas, which is more conducive to the dislocation development of each central area and the efficient use of land. Conversely, it means The degree of homogeneity of the central areas in the city is relatively high, and it is easier to form competition in resources and markets, which is not conducive to the overall development of the city and the improvement of land use efficiency.

Step 4: Obtain the vector topographic map data of each central area of the city as the basis for data statistics and calculation;

Step 5: Since the surveying and mapping of vector topographic maps requires a long cycle, the obtained vector topographic map data often cannot reflect the latest land use conditions. Field surveys should be carried out on the land use status of each central area of the city, and compared with the vector topographic maps. Check the map, check for omissions and fill in the gaps, and form the latest complete vector topographic map data;

Step 6: Input the vector topographic map data of each central area of the city into the AUTOCAD vector editing software in DWG file format, and use the software closed polygon drawing command and area measurement and statistical commands to obtain the land use area data of each evaluation index;

Step 7: According to the obtained area data of the eight types of land in each central area of the city, calculate their respective proportions, and input them into the AUTOCAD software to obtain the land use structure model of each central area of the city;

Step 8: According to the method of step 3, measure and calculate the coverage area of the land use structure model of each central area respectively, and superimpose the land use structure model of the urban central area, measure and calculate the spatial coverage area of the dislocation development of land use in each central area, and input the obtained data The evaluation model of land use dislocation degree in urban central area can get the index of land use dislocation degree in urban central area;

Step 9: Using the AUTOCAD software as the working platform, adjust the land use properties of each central area through the visualized window, repeat steps 6, 7, and 8, and determine each central area according to the changes in the dislocation index of the urban central area after multiple evaluations The nature of land use improves the efficiency of land use in the central area.

Step 2 is specifically:

Step 2.1: In the AUTOCAD software, take the determined eight types of service industries as the axis, representing the percentage of the land scale of each type of service industry, and use the line segment drawing command (PLINE) and rotation array command (ARRAY) to construct a "meter" font The structural skeleton, the axis adopts the form of "fixed axis";

Step 2.2: Use the circular drawing command (CIRCLE) and the equidistant extension command (OFFSET) to construct equidistant concentric circles with the axis intersection point as a circle, and the layer spacing of each circle represents a percentage of 10%;

Step 2.3: Input the indicator data into the corresponding axis to form corresponding points on each axis;

Step 2.4: Use the closed polyline drawing command (PLINE) to connect the eight points in sequence to form the land use structure model of each central area.

Step 3 is specifically:

Step 3.1: Calculate the coverage area a _i of the land use model of each central area respectively, and the coverage area of the land use radar model of each central area can be obtained directly through the property viewing command (PROPERTIES) in the vector editing software AUTOCAD;

Step 3.2: Add up the coverage areas of the land use models in each central area to obtain the total area A _i covered by the land use structure models in each central area;

Step 3.3: Overlay the land use structure models of each central area in equal proportions, and ensure that each corresponding axis represents the same index;

Step 3.4: Calculate the area a _d of the area covered by the d-th dislocation figure after the superposition of the land use structure models in each central area, that is, the area covered by only one land use structure model in the central area, that is, the area covered by a single layer . Use the closed polygon command (PLINE) of the AUTOCAD software to draw the boundary of the area, and then use the area calculation command (AREA) to obtain the coverage area a _d of the dislocation figure;

Step 3.5: Summing the areas covered by the dislocation figures to obtain the total area A _d of the dislocation figures in the central area;

Step 3.6: The ratio of the total area A _d covered by the dislocation graph in the central area to the total area A _i covered by the land use structure models in each central area is the land use dislocation index D in the urban central area.

Wherein step 9 is specifically:

Step 9.1: In AUTOCAD software, adjust the land use status of each central area according to the feasibility of the current situation;

Step 9.2: After the adjustment, re-calculate and count the relevant vector data of each central area;

Step 9.3: Follow Step 7 and Step 8 in sequence to obtain the adjusted land use dislocation index in the urban central area through quantitative calculation;

Step 9.4: Perform multiple land use adjustments and dislocation evaluations to obtain the land use dislocation index of the central area under different land use conditions;

Step 9.5: Select the scheme with the highest land use dislocation index in the central area, and adjust the land use based on the vector drawing to improve the efficiency of land use in the central area.

Since it is an adjustment to the land use of the existing central area, the feasibility of the current situation should be fully considered. Under the constraints of the current conditions in the urban central area, the land use adjustment scheme is limited, so by calculating and comparing the dislocation index of each adjustment scheme, the land use dislocation index of the urban central area can be obtained under the existing conditions The maximum value of , under this condition, the development differences of each central area are the largest, and they can best play their respective advantages to maximize the efficiency of land use.

Beneficial effects: the land use method of urban central area based on the evaluation of dislocation degree provided by the present invention, on the one hand, aims at the vicious competition situation of homogeneous development of urban central area, and proposes the evaluation and application method of land use dislocation degree, which has more practical significance and Use value; on the other hand, a quantitative evaluation method for the dislocation development of the central area is proposed, and a relatively simple and intuitive model is constructed. The data is easier to obtain and more accurate, and the data is more objective, and can be directly used to guide the land in the central area. Adjustment and optimization of utilization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the method flowchart of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a model diagram of land use structure in central area of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the land use structure model diagram of each central area of Beijing in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a diagram of an evaluation model of dislocation degree in central Beijing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art will understand various equivalent forms of the present invention All modifications fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

The land use method of urban central area based on the evaluation of dislocation degree includes 9 steps: firstly, determine the evaluation index of land use structure in the central area, use the AUTOCAD vector editing software to construct the land use structure model of the central area, and then construct the land use structure model of each central area Superimposed to build the evaluation model of land use dislocation degree in the central area; then obtain the vector topographic map data of each central area of the city; then use AUTOCAD software to calculate and obtain each index data, and obtain the land use structure model of the central area; then the land use structure model of each central area Superimposed and analyzed, the land use dislocation index of the urban central area is obtained; finally, based on this, the AUTOCAD software is used as the working platform to adjust-evaluate-improve the land use efficiency of the central area.

The specific process is shown in Figure 1 and described in detail as follows:

Step 1: Determine the evaluation index of the land use structure in the central area. The public service function is the core function of the urban central area, and its structural relationship also determines the characteristics of the industrial composition of the central area, and the development of various service industries must be combined with the corresponding land use, so the land use situation is reflected in the planning relationship to the industrial structure. As far as the public service functions of the central area are concerned, they can be divided into production service types, life service types, and public service types. Among them, production service industry and life service industry are the leading functions of the central area, while public service Only some of the functions have a greater impact on the structure of the central area. On this basis, eight service industry categories are finally selected to reflect the dislocation development of the central area. The corresponding indicators are the proportions of the land use areas of the eight service industries. The eight types of land use are: A1 (administrative office land), A2 (cultural facilities land), B11 (land for retail and commercial use), B12 (land for wholesale markets), B14 (land for hotels), B21 (land for finance and insurance), B28 (land for exhibitions), and B29 (land for business facilities).

Step 2: Construct the land use structure model of the central area. In the AUTOCAD software, take the determined eight types of service industries as the axis and the proportion of various types of land use as the evaluation index to establish the land use structure model of the central area (Figure 2). In the specific model calculation process, the data indicators are all relative proportion indicators, so there is no requirement for the length of the axis and the proportion of the model, but it must be ensured that the evaluation model formed by multiple central areas must have a uniform proportion and size. The specific construction method is:

Step 2.1: In the AUTOCAD software, take the determined eight types of service industries as the axis, representing the percentage of the land scale of each type of service industry, and use the line segment drawing command (PLINE) and rotation array command (ARRAY) to construct a "meter" font The structural skeleton, the axis adopts the form of "fixed axis";

Step 2.2: Use the circular drawing command (CIRCLE) and the equidistant extension command (OFFSET) to construct equidistant concentric circles with the axis intersection point as a circle, and the layer spacing of each circle represents a percentage of 10%;

Step 2.3: Enter the indicator data into the corresponding axis to form corresponding points on each axis;

Step 2.4: Use the closed polyline drawing command (PLINE) to connect the eight points in sequence to form the land use structure model of each central area.

Step 3: Superimpose the land use structure models of each central area to construct the evaluation model of land use dislocation degree in the central area. On this basis, the land use dislocation index in the central area can be determined by the following function model:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}$

In the formula: "D" represents the index of land use dislocation degree in the central area, "a _d " represents the area covered by the dth dislocation figure, "A _d " represents the total area of the dislocation figure in the dislocation degree evaluation model, "a _i " Indicates the coverage area of the i-th urban central area land use structure model, and “A _i ” indicates the total area of the land use structure model in each urban central area.

The D value reflects the degree of development dislocation between all central areas of a city. The higher the D value, the greater the functional differences between the central areas, which is more conducive to the dislocation development of each central area and the efficient use of land. Conversely, it means The degree of homogeneity of the central areas in the city is relatively high, and it is easier to form competition in resources and markets, which is not conducive to the overall development of the city and the improvement of land use efficiency. The specific calculation method is:

Step 3.1: Calculate the coverage area a _i of each central area land use model respectively (Fig. 3). In the vector editing software AUTOCAD, the coverage area of each central area land use model can be obtained directly through the property viewing command (PROPERTIES);

Step 3.2: Add up the coverage areas of the land use models in each central area to obtain the total area A _i covered by the land use structure models in each central area;

Step 3.3: Overlay the land use structure models of each central area in equal proportions, and ensure that each corresponding axis represents the same index;

Step 3.4: Calculate the area of the area covered by the dislocation graph after the models are superimposed, that is, the area covered by only one land use structure model in the central area, that is, the area covered by a single layer. The closed polygon command (PLINE) of AUTOCAD software can be used to draw the boundary of the area, and then the coverage area a _d of the dislocation figure can be obtained through the area calculation command (AREA) (Figure 4);

Step 3.5: Summing the areas covered by each dislocation pattern to obtain the total area A _d covered by the dislocation pattern in the central area;

Step 3.6: The ratio of the total area A _d covered by the dislocation graph in the central area to the total area A _i covered by the land use structure models in each central area is the land use dislocation index D in the urban central area.

Step 4: Obtain the vector topographic map data of each central area of Beijing as the basis for data statistics and calculation.

Step 5: Since the surveying and mapping of the vector topographic map requires a long period, the obtained vector topographic map data often cannot reflect the latest land use situation. It is necessary to conduct on-the-spot measurement of the land use status in each central area of Beijing and compare it with the vector topographic map data. Check the topographic map, check for omissions and fill in the gaps, and form the latest complete vector topographic map data.

Step 6: Input the vector topographic map data of each central area of Beijing into the AUTOCAD vector editing software in DWG file format, and use the software closed polygon drawing command and area measurement and statistical commands to obtain the land use area data of each evaluation index.

Step 7: Based on the obtained area data of the eight types of land in each central area of Beijing, calculate their respective proportions, as shown in Table 1 below:

Table 1: Proportion of various types of land use in various central districts of Beijing

Input the obtained data into the corresponding axes of the respective models to obtain the land use structure models of the central districts of Beijing (Figure 3).

Step 8: According to the method in step 3, calculate the coverage area of the land use structure model in each central area of Beijing, and superimpose the land use structure model in the urban central area (Figure 4), and calculate the spatial coverage area of the dislocation development of land use in each central area , input the obtained data into the evaluation model of land use dislocation degree in the urban central area, and the index of land use dislocation degree in the central area of Beijing can be obtained as 12.76%;

Step 9: Using AUTOCAD software as the working platform, adjust the land use properties of each central area through the visualized window, repeat steps 6, 7, and 8, and determine each center according to the changes in the misalignment index of Beijing's central area that have been evaluated many times. The nature of land use in the district will improve the efficiency of land use in the central area.

Step 9.1: In AUTOCAD software, adjust the land use status of each central area according to the feasibility of the current situation;

Step 9.2: After the adjustment, re-calculate and count the relevant vector data of each central area;

Step 9.3: Follow Step 7 and Step 8 in sequence to obtain the adjusted land use dislocation index in the urban central area through quantitative calculation;

Step 9.4: Perform multiple land use adjustments and dislocation evaluations to obtain the land use dislocation index of the central area under different land use conditions;

Step 9.5: Select the scheme with the highest land use dislocation index in the central area, and adjust the land use based on the vector drawing to improve the efficiency of land use in the central area.

Since it is an adjustment to the land use of the existing central area, the feasibility of the current situation should be fully considered. Under the constraints of the current conditions in the urban central area, the land use adjustment scheme is limited, so by calculating and comparing the dislocation index of each adjustment scheme, the land use dislocation index of the urban central area can be obtained under the existing conditions The maximum value of , under this condition, the development differences of each central area are the largest, and they can best play their respective advantages to maximize the efficiency of land use.

Claims (4)

1. A land use method for city center area based on dislocation evaluation, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: Step 1: Determine the evaluation indicators of the land use structure in the central area, including the proportion of the land use area of eight types of land, which are: administrative office land, cultural facility land, retail and commercial land, wholesale market land, hotel land, and financial and insurance land , exhibition land, business facilities land; Step 2: Construct the land use structure model of the central area. In the AUTOCAD software, take the determined eight types of land use as the axis and the proportion of each type of land use as the evaluation index to establish the land use structure model of the central area; Step 3: Superimpose the land use structure models of each central area to construct the evaluation model of land use dislocation degree in the central area. On this basis, the index of land use dislocation degree in the central area is determined by the following function model: $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}$ In the formula: "D" represents the index of land use dislocation degree in the central area, "a _d " represents the area covered by the dth dislocation figure, "A _d " represents the total area of the dislocation figure in the dislocation degree evaluation model, "a _i " Indicates the coverage area of the i-th urban central area land use structure model, "A _i " indicates the total area of the land use structure model in each urban central area; Step 4: Obtain the vector topographic map data of each central area of the city as the basis for data statistics and calculation; Step 5: Carry out on-the-spot measurement of the land use status in each central area of the city, check with the vector topographic map, check for omissions and fill in gaps, and form the latest complete vector topographic map data; Step 6: Input the vector topographic map data of each central area of the city into the AUTOCAD vector editing software in DWG file format, and use the software closed polygon drawing command and area measurement and statistical commands to obtain the land use area data of each evaluation index; Step 7: According to the obtained area data of the eight types of land in each central area of the city, calculate their respective proportions, and input it into the AUTOCAD software to obtain the land use structure model of each central area of the city; Step 8: According to the method of step 3, measure and calculate the coverage area of the land use structure model of each central area respectively, and superimpose the land use structure model of the urban central area, measure and calculate the spatial coverage area of the dislocation development of land use in each central area, and input the obtained data The evaluation model of land use dislocation degree in urban central area can get the index of land use dislocation degree in urban central area; Step 9: Using the AUTOCAD software as the working platform, adjust the land use properties of each central area through the visualized window, repeat steps 6, 7, and 8, and determine each central area according to the changes in the dislocation index of the urban central area after multiple evaluations The nature of land use. 2. The urban center area land utilization method based on dislocation degree evaluation according to claim 1, characterized in that, step 2 comprises the following steps: Step 2.1: Take the determined eight types of land use as the axis, representing the percentage of each type of land use scale, and construct a structural skeleton in the shape of a meter, and the axis adopts the form of a fixed axis; Step 2.2: Construct equidistant concentric circles with the axis intersection as a circle, and the layer spacing of each circle represents a percentage of 10%; Step 2.3: Input the indicator data into the corresponding axis to form corresponding points on each axis; Step 2.4: Connect the eight points sequentially to form the land use structure model of each central area. 3. The urban center area land utilization method based on dislocation degree evaluation according to claim 1, characterized in that, step 3 comprises the following steps: Step 3.1: Calculate the coverage area a _i of the land use structure model in each central area respectively; Step 3.2: Add up the coverage areas a _i of the land use structure models in each central area to obtain the total area A _i of the land use structure models in each central area; Step 3.3: Overlay the land use structure models of each central area in equal proportions, and ensure that each corresponding axis represents the same index; Step 3.4: Calculate the area a _d of the area covered by the d-th dislocation figure after the superposition of the land use structure models in each central area, that is, the area covered by only one land use structure model in the central area, that is, the area covered by a single layer ; Step 3.5: Summing the areas covered by the dislocation figures to obtain the total area A _d of the dislocation figures in the central area; Step 3.6: The ratio of the total area A _d of dislocation figures in the central area to the total area A _i covered by the land use structure models in each central area is the index D of land use dislocation in the urban central area. 4. The urban center area land utilization method based on dislocation evaluation according to claim 1, wherein step 9 comprises the following steps: Step 9.1: In AUTOCAD software, adjust the land use status of each central area according to the feasibility of the current situation; Step 9.2: After the adjustment, re-calculate and count the relevant vector data of each central area; Step 9.3: Follow Step 7 and Step 8 in sequence to obtain the adjusted land use dislocation index in the urban central area through quantitative calculation; Step 9.4: Perform multiple land use adjustments and dislocation evaluations to obtain the land use dislocation index of the central area under different land use conditions; Step 9.5: Select the scheme with the highest land use dislocation index in the central area, and adjust the land use based on the vector drawing to improve the efficiency of land use in the central area.