CN103195861A - Four-point type electrical equipment shock-absorbing method and shock-absorbing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a four-point shock absorbing method and shock absorbing system for electrical equipment. The method includes: collecting parameters, including: a preset number of shock absorbers n and n=4, four shock absorbers arranged symmetrically on a square side Length, seismic fortification intensity and attenuation ratio of seismic acceleration response; obtained mass, length, center of gravity height, elastic modulus and moment of inertia of electrical equipment, as well as seismic influence coefficient corresponding to seismic fortification intensity, and design of electrical equipment installation site The characteristic period of the site corresponding to the earthquake grouping and site category; determine the limit conditions of the shock absorber parameters; select suitable shock absorbers for electrical equipment; install 4 suitable shock absorbers at the root of the electrical equipment in a square symmetrical arrangement and The side length of the square is the side length of the square symmetrical arrangement of the preset four shock absorbers. The invention achieves the expected damping effect at relatively low cost and improves the shock resistance of electrical equipment.

Description

Four-point electrical equipment shock absorbing method and shock absorbing system

technical field

The invention relates to shock absorbing technology, in particular to a four-point electric equipment shock absorbing method and a shock absorbing system.

Background technique

Strong earthquakes are one of the major disaster sources. Under the action of a strong earthquake, if the electrical equipment, which is an important equipment of the lifeline project, fails or is severely damaged, it may cause serious disasters and incalculable economic losses. For example: power interruption not only seriously affects normal production and life and earthquake relief work , and may cause secondary disasters such as fires, which seriously threaten people's lives and property safety.

In view of the above reasons, domestic and foreign research institutions and electrical equipment manufacturers have conducted in-depth research on the structure of electrical equipment to improve the seismic performance of electrical equipment itself. In addition, by arranging shock absorbers on the installation structure of electrical equipment, the shock absorbers can assist in attenuating the response of electrical equipment under earthquakes, thereby effectively protecting electrical equipment and maintaining the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

However, there are many types and various forms of electrical equipment, and the existing technology lacks effective technical means for selecting a shock absorber for a certain electrical equipment, which leads to blindness in the selection of the shock absorber. In the prior art, if the performance of the shock absorber selected for a certain electrical equipment does not match the dynamic characteristics of the electrical equipment itself and the ground motion parameters, the expected shock absorption effect cannot be achieved, and the safety of the electrical equipment under the action of an earthquake cannot be maintained. , which is not conducive to the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a four-point type electric equipment shock absorbing method and a shock absorbing system, which are used to achieve the expected shock absorbing effect at a lower cost and improve the shock resistance of the electric equipment.

One aspect of the present invention provides a shock absorption method for four-point electrical equipment, including:

Acquisition parameters, the acquisition parameters include: the preset number of shock absorbers n and n=4, the square side length of the square symmetrical arrangement of the four shock absorbers, the seismic fortification intensity and the attenuation ratio of the seismic acceleration response; the acquired electrical equipment Mass, length, center of gravity height, elastic modulus and moment of inertia, as well as the obtained seismic influence coefficient corresponding to the seismic fortification intensity, and the site characteristic period corresponding to the design seismic grouping and site category of the electrical equipment installation site;

Determine shock absorber parameter limit conditions according to the collected parameters; the shock absorber parameter limit conditions include: minimum yield force, initial stiffness allowable range, stiffness allowable range after yielding, and damping coefficient allowable range;

Select an adapted shock absorber for the electrical equipment; the yield force of the adapted shock absorber is greater than or equal to the minimum value of the yield force, the initial stiffness falls within the allowable range of the initial stiffness, and the stiffness after yielding falls within The allowable range of stiffness after yielding, and the damping coefficient falls within the allowable range of the damping coefficient;

Four of the adapted shock absorbers are installed at the root of the electrical equipment; the four adapted shock absorbers are arranged symmetrically in a square centered on the electrical equipment, and the side length of the square is predetermined The side lengths of the square symmetrical arrangement of the preset four shock absorbers are set.

Another aspect of the present invention also provides a shock absorbing system, comprising:

electrical equipment, and 4 shock absorbers installed at the root of said electrical equipment;

The four shock absorbers are symmetrically arranged in a square with the electrical equipment as the center, and the side length of the square is the length of the square side of the four preset square symmetrical arrangements of the shock absorbers.

The shock absorbing method and shock absorbing system for four-point electrical equipment provided by the present invention combine attribute parameters such as quality and length of specific electrical equipment, parameters related to the place where the electrical equipment is installed, such as seismic fortification intensity, site characteristic period parameters, and parameters such as The attenuation ratio of the earthquake acceleration response and other parameters that reflect the expected shock absorption effect are considered, and the shock absorber parameter constraints that meet the expected shock absorption effect are designed for electrical equipment, and the shock absorber parameters are selected according to the limit conditions of the shock absorber. Adapt to the electrical equipment shock absorber, and install 4 said adapted shock absorbers at the root of the electrical equipment in a predetermined manner. Because the shock absorber selected for the electrical equipment can assist in attenuating the response of the electrical equipment under the action of an earthquake, its damping parameter performance is compatible with the expected damping effect of the electrical equipment, so the present invention achieves The anti-shock effect is expected to improve the shock resistance of electrical equipment, thereby effectively protecting electrical equipment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of four-point type electrical equipment damping method provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the determination method flow chart of shock absorber parameter limit condition provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is simplified as the mechanics model of single particle system for the electrical equipment provided by the present invention;

对应关系曲线图；Fig. 4 is R _a and that the present invention provides

Corresponding relationship graph;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the damping system provided by the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper connecting plate in Fig. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower connecting plate in FIG. 5 .

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a four-point electric equipment damping method provided by the present invention. The methods shown in Figure 1 include:

Step 11: collect parameters, the collected parameters include: the number of preset shock absorbers n and n=4, the square side length of the four shock absorbers arranged symmetrically in a square, the seismic fortification intensity and the attenuation ratio of the seismic acceleration response; the acquired The mass, length, height of center of gravity, elastic modulus, and moment of inertia of the electrical equipment, as well as the obtained seismic influence coefficient corresponding to the seismic fortification intensity, and the site characteristic period corresponding to the design earthquake grouping and site category of the electrical equipment installation site.

Step 12: Determine the parameter limit conditions of the shock absorber according to the collected parameters; the parameter limit conditions of the shock absorber include: the minimum value of the yield force, the allowable range of the initial stiffness, the allowable range of the stiffness after yielding, and the allowable range of the damping coefficient.

Step 13: Select an adapted shock absorber for the electrical equipment; the yield force of the adapted shock absorber is greater than or equal to the minimum value of the yield force, and the initial stiffness falls within the allowable range of the initial stiffness. The stiffness falls within the allowable range of the post-yield stiffness, and the damping coefficient falls within the allowable range of the damping coefficient.

Step 14: Install four adapted shock absorbers at the root of the electrical equipment; the four adapted shock absorbers are arranged symmetrically in a square centered on the electrical equipment, and the sides of the square The length is the side length of a square symmetrically arranged of the preset four shock absorbers.

On the basis of the above-mentioned technical scheme, optionally, the minimum value of the yield force can be calculated using the following formula:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}$

Among them, f represents the minimum value of the yield force, m represents the mass of the electrical equipment, H represents the height of the center of gravity of the electrical equipment, A represents the length of the square side of the preset four shock absorbers symmetrically arranged in a square, and α represents the Set the seismic influence coefficient corresponding to the seismic fortification intensity, and g represents the acceleration of gravity.

Optionally, the allowable range of the initial stiffness is: 20k≤k ₀ ≤30k, and the allowable range of the post-yield stiffness is: $\frac{1}{50}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="k"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_0\&le;k_t\&le;\frac{1}{10}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="k"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_0;$

Among them, k ₀ represents the initial stiffness of the adapted shock absorber, k _t represents the post-yield stiffness of the adapted shock absorber, and k represents the stiffness coefficient of the electrical device.

Optionally, the stiffness coefficient of the electrical equipment may be calculated using the following formula:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="EI\; L"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">EI</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="EI\; L"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}^{}}$

Wherein, k represents the stiffness coefficient of the electrical equipment, E represents the modulus of elasticity of the electrical equipment, I represents the moment of inertia of the electrical equipment, and L represents the length of the electrical equipment.

Optionally, if the cross-sectional shape of the electrical equipment is circular, the moment of inertia of the electrical equipment is calculated using the following formula:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 64</span>}}$

Wherein, I represents the moment of inertia of the electric device, and D represents the outer diameter of the circular cross-section of the electric device.

Optionally, if the cross-sectional shape of the electrical equipment is circular, the moment of inertia of the electrical equipment is calculated using the following formula:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 64</span>}}$

Wherein, I represents the moment of inertia of the electrical device, D represents the outer diameter of the circular cross-section of the electrical device, and d represents the inner diameter of the circular cross-section of the electrical device.

Optionally, the allowable range of the damping coefficient is: 2c'≤c ₀ ≤5c'; wherein, c ₀ represents the damping coefficient of the adapted shock absorber, and c' represents the average value of the damping coefficient of a single shock absorber.

The average value of the damping coefficient of the single shock absorber can be calculated by the following formula:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&prime;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;\&omega;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}$

m表示所述电气设备的质量，ω表示所述电气设备的固有频率且

k表示所述电气设备的刚度系数，ζ表示阻尼比，所述阻尼比与预设的地震加速度反应衰减比R_a之间满足以下关系：Among them, c' represents the damping coefficient of the single shock absorber, m ₀ represents the equivalent mass of the electrical equipment and

m represents the mass of the electrical equipment, ω represents the natural frequency of the electrical equipment and

k represents the stiffness coefficient of the electrical equipment, ζ represents the damping ratio, and the following relationship is satisfied between the damping ratio and the preset seismic acceleration response attenuation ratio R _a :

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}}$

T_g表示与所述电气设备的安装地的设计地震分组和场地类别对应的场地特征周期。where ω _n represents the frequency of the earthquake and

T _g represents the site characteristic period corresponding to the design earthquake grouping and site category of the installation site of the electrical equipment.

The four-point shock absorption method for electrical equipment provided in this embodiment combines the attribute parameters of specific electrical equipment such as mass and length, and the parameters related to the installation site of electrical equipment such as seismic fortification intensity, site characteristic period parameters, and seismic acceleration response The attenuation ratio and other parameters that reflect the expected damping effect are considered, and the shock absorber parameter constraints that meet the expected damping effect are designed for electrical equipment, and the shock absorber that is compatible with the electrical equipment is selected according to the shock absorber parameter constraints. , and install 4 said adapted shock absorbers in a predetermined manner at the root of the electrical equipment. Because the shock absorber selected for the electrical equipment can assist in attenuating the response of the electrical equipment under the action of an earthquake, its damping parameter performance is compatible with the expected damping effect of the electrical equipment, so the present invention achieves The anti-shock effect is expected to improve the shock resistance of electrical equipment, thereby effectively protecting electrical equipment.

The determination method and theoretical basis of the parameter limiting conditions of the shock absorber of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 2 . As shown in Figure 2, the shock absorber parameter constraints include:

Step 21: Enter the relevant parameters required to determine the limit conditions of the shock absorber parameters, and perform steps 22, 23 and 25.

The relevant parameters required to determine the limit conditions of the shock absorber parameters include: the preset number of shock absorbers n and n=4, the square side length A of the square symmetrical arrangement of the four shock absorbers, the seismic fortification intensity and the seismic acceleration response The attenuation ratio R _a of the electrical equipment; the obtained mass m, length L, height of the center of gravity H, elastic modulus E and moment of inertia I of the electrical equipment, as well as the acquired seismic influence coefficient α corresponding to the seismic fortification intensity, and the electrical equipment installation The design seismic grouping of the site and the site characteristic period T _g corresponding to the site category.

Step 22: Estimate the minimum yield force value of the adapted shock absorber, and execute step 210.

Calculating the bending moment at the root of electrical equipment under earthquake action by using the static force estimation method. For example: simplify the seismic force to a concentrated force acting on the center of gravity of electrical equipment, such as formula (1) can be used to calculate the seismic force:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&beta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>{\stackrel{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

表示与预设抗震设防烈度对应的设计基本地震加速度值。Among them, F represents the seismic force, m represents the quality of electrical equipment, β represents the power amplification factor,

Indicates the design basic seismic acceleration value corresponding to the preset seismic fortification intensity.

可根据《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011-2010)第3.2.2条的规定取值；β可采用式2计算：Among the above parameters, after the seismic fortification intensity of the electrical equipment is preset according to factors such as the level of earthquake fortification required in the area where the electrical equipment is installed, the corresponding to the preset seismic fortification intensity

The value can be taken according to the provisions of Article 3.2.2 of "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings"(GB50011-2010); β can be calculated by formula 2:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&beta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\stackrel{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>{\stackrel{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

和α之间的对应关系可如表1所示：In the above formula (2), g represents the acceleration of gravity, α represents the seismic acceleration corresponding to the preset seismic fortification intensity, and the α corresponding to the preset seismic fortification intensity can be obtained according to "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings" (GB50011-2010) The values specified in Clause 3.10.3. seismic fortification intensity,

The correspondence between and α can be shown in Table 1:

Table 1

Combining formula (1) and formula (2) can get formula (3):

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&beta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>{\stackrel{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Equation (3) can be used to calculate the seismic force of electrical equipment under fortification earthquake action, where m represents the mass of electrical equipment, g represents the acceleration of gravity, and α represents the seismic influence coefficient corresponding to the preset seismic fortification intensity.

Then, use formula (4) to calculate the root bending moment of electrical equipment:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&beta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>{\stackrel{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Among them, H represents the distance between the center of gravity and the root of the electrical equipment.

Afterwards, formula (5a) is used to calculate the force required by each shock absorber to resist the root bending moment of the electrical equipment.

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Among them, n represents the number of shock absorbers installed at the root of the electrical equipment, and A represents the side length of the square symmetrical arrangement of four shock absorbers. Optionally, the bolt hole provided in the flange at the root of the electrical equipment can be selected as the installation position of the shock absorber, and the value range of A can be 1.5-3.0 times the outer diameter of the largest umbrella of the electrical equipment.

Among the present invention, n=4, then above formula (5a) can be expressed as:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout></span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

The f calculated by formula (6) is the minimum yield force of the shock absorber adapted to the electrical equipment.

Step 23: Estimate the stiffness coefficient of the electrical equipment; perform steps 24 and 26.

The electrical equipment can be simplified into a single-degree-of-freedom system, and k can be estimated based on the mechanical model of the single-mass system.

The mechanical model of electrical equipment simplified to a single-mass system is shown in Figure 3. In the mechanical model of the single-mass system, the mass of the electrical equipment can be simplified to the mass points concentrated on the top of the electrical equipment, then the mass of the electrical equipment is in the single-mass model:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; EI</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 7</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Among them, E represents the elastic modulus of the material used in the electrical equipment; I represents the moment of inertia of the electrical equipment, which can be obtained according to the section size of the electrical equipment; L indicates the length of the electrical equipment.

Let us take the electrical equipment whose cross-sectional shape is circular or ring-shaped as an example to illustrate the calculation method of the moment of inertia.

If the cross-sectional shape of the electrical equipment is circular, the moment of inertia of the electrical equipment is calculated using the following formula:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 64</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In the above formula, I represents the moment of inertia of the electrical equipment, and D represents the outer diameter of the circular cross-section of the electrical equipment.

If the cross-sectional shape of the electrical equipment is circular, the moment of inertia of the electrical equipment is calculated using the following formula:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 64</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In the above formula, I represents the moment of inertia of the electrical equipment, d and D represent the inner diameter and outer diameter of the ring cross section of the electrical equipment, respectively.

Step 24: Determine the allowable range of initial stiffness and the allowable range of stiffness after yielding of the adapted shock absorber; perform step 210.

Preferably, the allowable range of the initial stiffness is: 20k≤k ₀ ≤30k, and the allowable range of the post-yield stiffness is: $\frac{1}{50}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="k"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_0\&le;k_t\&le;\frac{1}{10}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="k"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_0.$

Step 25: Estimate the equivalent mass of electrical equipment, go to step 26.

The quality of electrical equipment is represented by equivalent mass in the single-mass model, where the relationship between the equivalent mass of electrical equipment and the quality of electrical equipment satisfies the following formula:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Step 26: Estimate the natural frequency of the electrical equipment according to the stiffness coefficient of the electrical equipment and the equivalent mass of the electrical equipment.

Use the following formula to estimate the natural frequency of the electrical equipment:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 11</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Step 27: Determine the damping ratio of the damping system consisting of 4 shock absorbers.

Simplifying electrical equipment into a single-degree-of-freedom system, the dynamic equation of a typical structure under earthquake action is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}{\stackrel{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}{\stackrel{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}{\stackrel{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 12</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

分别表示电气设备在地震作用下相对于地面的水平位移、速度、加速度；

表示与预设地震设防烈度对应的设计基本地震加速度；c表示由4个减震器组成的减震体系的总阻尼系数，k表示电气设备的刚度系数。Among them, m ₀ represents the equivalent mass of electrical equipment; x _s ,

Respectively represent the horizontal displacement, velocity and acceleration of the electrical equipment relative to the ground under the action of the earthquake;

Indicates the design basic seismic acceleration corresponding to the preset seismic fortification intensity; c indicates the total damping coefficient of the shock absorption system composed of four shock absorbers, and k indicates the stiffness coefficient of electrical equipment.

Let the damping ratio ζ of the damping system composed of 4 shock absorbers be expressed as:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout></span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\sqrt{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="km"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">km</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout></span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 13</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Then the attenuation ratio R _a of the seismic acceleration response is expressed as follows:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\stackrel{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}}{{\stackrel{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 14</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

T_g为场地特征周期，场地特征周期根据《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011-2010)第5.1.4条的规定取值，电气设备安装地的设计地震分组和场地类别与场地特征周期之间的对应关系如表2所示。Among them: R _a represents the seismic acceleration attenuation ratio, and its value corresponds to the expected shock absorption effect; ω _n represents the frequency of the ground motion and

T _g is the characteristic period of the site. The characteristic period of the site is taken according to the provisions of Article 5.1.4 of the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings" (GB50011-2010). The corresponding relationship is shown in Table 2.

Table 2

The design earthquake grouping of the installation place of the electrical equipment of the present invention can be checked according to Appendix A (namely: the seismic fortification intensity, design basic seismic acceleration and design earthquake grouping of major cities and towns in my country) in the "Code for Aseismic Design of Buildings" (GB50011-2010); After determining the design earthquake grouping of the electrical equipment installation site, the site characteristic period Tg corresponding to the site category of the electrical equipment installation site can be obtained by looking up Table 2.

对应关系曲线，如图4所示；在预设R_a和确定

之后，通过查询图4或采用公式(14)计算，即可得到与R_a、相应的阻尼比ζ。In order to facilitate user query and improve user convenience, R _a and

Corresponding relationship curve, as shown in Figure 4; in the preset R _a and determine

Afterwards, by querying Figure 4 or using formula (14) to calculate, you can get the relationship with R _a , The corresponding damping ratio ζ.

Step 28: Estimate the single shock absorber damping coefficient of the shock absorption system consisting of 4 shock absorbers.

From formula (13), we can get:

c=2ωm ₀ ·ζ=nc′ (15)

Among them, c represents the total damping coefficient of the shock absorber system composed of 4 shock absorbers, c′ represents the single shock damping coefficient of the shock absorber system composed of 4 shock absorbers, n represents the number of shock absorbers and n =4.

From formula (15), we can get:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&prime;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;\&omega;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;\&omega;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 16</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Step 29: Determine the allowable range of the damping coefficient of the adapted shock absorber; go to Step 210.

Preferably, the allowable range of the damping coefficient is: 2c'≤c ₀ ≤5c';

Among them, c ₀ represents the damping coefficient of the adapted shock absorber, and c′ represents the single shock absorber damping coefficient of the shock absorption system composed of 4 shock absorbers.

Step 210: Output the shock absorber parameter limit conditions, the shock absorber parameter limit conditions include: the minimum yield force, the allowable range of initial stiffness, the allowable range of stiffness after yielding, and the allowable range of damping coefficient.

After obtaining the shock absorber parameter limit condition, a suitable shock absorber for the electrical equipment can be selected according to the shock absorber parameter limit condition. The selected shock absorber suitable for the electrical equipment must meet the following requirements: the yield force of the shock absorber is greater than the minimum value of the yield force, the initial stiffness of the shock absorber falls within the allowable range of the initial stiffness, and the post-yield stiffness of the shock absorber Falling into the allowable range of stiffness after yielding, the damping coefficient of the shock absorber falls into the allowable range of damping coefficient.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the damping system provided by the present invention. The damping system shown in FIG. 5 includes: an electric device 51 and four shock absorbers 52 installed at the root of the electric device 51 , wherein the shock absorbers 52 are determined by the method shown in FIG. 2 . The four shock absorbers are symmetrically arranged in a square with the electrical equipment as the center, and the side length of the square is the side length A of the preset square symmetrical arrangement of the four shock absorbers.

Optionally, the damping system further includes: an upper connecting plate 53 , a lower connecting plate 54 and a spacer 55 . The upper connecting plate 53 is connected with the root of the electrical equipment. The lower connecting plate 54 is arranged corresponding to the upper connecting plate 53; and the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are correspondingly provided with four bolt holes 56, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 respectively. The spacer 55 is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate. The shock absorber 52 may specifically be a bolt-type shock absorber, and four bolt-type shock absorbers pass through corresponding bolt holes to connect the upper connecting plate 53 and the lower connecting plate 54 .

Optionally, the distance between the bolt hole and the edge of the upper connecting plate, and the distance between the bolt hole and the edge of the lower connecting plate can be comprehensively determined according to the electrical equipment installation requirements and the "Code for Design of Steel Structures" (GB50017-2003). The connecting plate should have greater rigidity. In an optional implementation manner, the thickness of the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are both 25 mm; the diameter and height of the spacer are 70 mm and 10 mm, respectively.

Zinc oxide arresters are commonly used electrical equipment. Let's take a zinc oxide arrester as an example to illustrate the specific example of determining the limit condition range of the shock absorber parameters for the electrical equipment; the parameters required to determine the limit conditions of the shock absorber parameters for the electrical equipment are shown in Table 3:

table 3

(1) The minimum yield force of the shock absorber using formula (6):

(2) Use formula (7) to calculate the stiffness coefficient of electrical equipment

According to the stiffness coefficient of electrical equipment, determine the allowable range of initial stiffness and the allowable range of stiffness after yielding of the shock absorber:

The allowable range of the initial stiffness of the shock absorber satisfies: 20k≤k ₀ ≤30k, that is, 4471189(N/m)≤k ₀ ≤6706783(N/m);

The permissible range of post-yield stiffness of the shock absorber satisfies:

(3) Use formula (10) to calculate the equivalent mass of electrical equipment:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 56.25</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; kg</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Use formula (11) to calculate the natural frequency of electrical equipment:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="k\; m"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="k\; m"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 223559.4299</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 56.25</span>}}}$

By querying Figure 4 or using formula (14), the damping ratio ζ = 0.35 can be calculated. Using formula (16) to calculate the damping coefficient of a single shock absorber in a shock absorber system composed of 4 shock absorbers:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA0000128606310000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 63.04</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 56.25</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.35</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 620.55</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; S</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Determine the allowable range of the damping coefficient of the shock absorber: 2c′≤c ₀ ≤5c, that is, 1241.1≤c ₀ ≤3102.75.

(4) Select a shock absorber that satisfies the limit conditions of the shock absorber parameters.

The yield force, stiffness before yield, stiffness after yield and damping coefficient of the SGDP-JQ-A1 shock absorber developed by China Electric Power Research Institute are 8000N, 5500000N/m, 165000N/m and 2600N (S/m), respectively. It can be installed with the zinc oxide arrester if it satisfies the limit conditions of the above parameters of the shock absorber.

(5) Using the structure shown in Figure 5, install four SGDP-JQA-1 shock absorbers symmetrically at the root center of the zinc oxide arrester, and then analyze the shock absorption effect of the zinc oxide arrester.

分别为2.4g和0.46g，减震系统在地震作用下的地震加速度反应衰减比R_a为1.15，接近预设衰减比1.2。以上分析结果说明：采用本发明提供的方法为该氧化锌避雷器选取的SGDP-JQA-1型减震器，可达到预先设定的减震效果，保证避雷器结构在高烈度地震作用下具有良好的工作性能。The international large-scale commercial finite element analysis software ANSYS can be selected to establish the first numerical model of the zinc oxide arrester and the second numerical model of the shock absorption system composed of four SGDP-JQA-1 shock absorbers installed at the root of the zinc oxide arrester. For the numerical model, according to the seismic fortification requirements shown in Table 3, the seismic fortification intensity is 9 degrees and the site characteristic period is 0.65s, and the seismic acceleration time history analysis is performed on the two numerical models respectively. The analysis results show that the maximum acceleration of the first numerical model and the second numerical model

They are 2.4g and 0.46g respectively, and the seismic acceleration response attenuation ratio R _a of the shock absorption system under earthquake action is 1.15, which is close to the preset attenuation ratio of 1.2. The above analysis results illustrate: the SGDP-JQA-1 type shock absorber selected for the zinc oxide arrester by the method provided by the present invention can reach a preset shock absorption effect, and ensure that the arrester structure has a good performance under the action of a high-intensity earthquake. work performance.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by program instructions and related hardware. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps including the above-mentioned method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other various media that can store program codes.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (10)

1. A four-point electrical equipment damping method, characterized in that it comprises: Acquisition parameters, the acquisition parameters include: the preset number of shock absorbers n and n=4, the square side length of the square symmetrical arrangement of the four shock absorbers, the seismic fortification intensity and the attenuation ratio of the seismic acceleration response; the acquired electrical equipment Mass, length, center of gravity height, elastic modulus and moment of inertia, as well as the obtained seismic influence coefficient corresponding to the seismic fortification intensity, and the site characteristic period corresponding to the design seismic grouping and site category of the electrical equipment installation site; Determine shock absorber parameter limit conditions according to the collected parameters; the shock absorber parameter limit conditions include: minimum yield force, initial stiffness allowable range, stiffness allowable range after yielding, and damping coefficient allowable range; Select an adapted shock absorber for the electrical equipment; the yield force of the adapted shock absorber is greater than or equal to the minimum value of the yield force, the initial stiffness falls within the allowable range of the initial stiffness, and the stiffness after yielding falls within The allowable range of stiffness after yielding, and the damping coefficient falls within the allowable range of the damping coefficient; Four of the adapted shock absorbers are installed at the root of the electrical equipment; the four adapted shock absorbers are arranged symmetrically in a square centered on the electrical equipment, and the side length of the square is predetermined The square side lengths of the four shock absorbers arranged symmetrically in a square are set. 2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adopts following formula to calculate described yield force minimum: $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}$ Among them, f represents the minimum value of the yield force, m represents the mass of the electrical equipment, H represents the height of the center of gravity of the electrical equipment, A represents the length of the square side of the preset four shock absorbers symmetrically arranged in a square, and α represents the Set the seismic influence coefficient corresponding to the seismic fortification intensity, and g represents the acceleration of gravity. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The allowable range of the initial stiffness is: 20k≤k ₀ ≤30k, and the allowable range of the post-yield stiffness is: $\frac{1}{50}{k}_0\&le;k_t\&le;\frac{1}{10}{k}_0;$ Among them, k ₀ represents the initial stiffness of the adapted shock absorber, k _t represents the post-yield stiffness of the adapted shock absorber, and k represents the stiffness coefficient of the electrical device. 4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, adopts following formula to calculate the stiffness coefficient of described electrical equipment: $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; EI</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}}$ Wherein, k represents the stiffness coefficient of the electrical equipment, E represents the modulus of elasticity of the electrical equipment, I represents the moment of inertia of the electrical equipment, and L represents the length of the electrical equipment. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein, If the cross-sectional shape of the electrical equipment is circular, the moment of inertia of the electrical equipment is calculated using the following formula: $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 64</span>}}$ Wherein, I represents the moment of inertia of the electric device, and D represents the outer diameter of the circular cross-section of the electric device. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein, If the cross-sectional shape of the electrical equipment is circular, the moment of inertia of the electrical equipment is calculated using the following formula: $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 64</span>}}$ Wherein, I represents the moment of inertia of the electrical device, D represents the outer diameter of the circular cross-section of the electrical device, and d represents the inner diameter of the circular cross-section of the electrical device. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The allowable range of the damping coefficient is: 2c'≤c ₀ ≤5c'; wherein, c ₀ represents the damping coefficient of the adapted shock absorber, and c' represents the single shock absorber of the shock absorber system composed of 4 shock absorbers damping coefficient. 8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, adopts following formula to calculate described single shock absorber damping coefficient mean value: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&prime;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;\&omega;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}$ Among them, c' represents the damping coefficient of the single shock absorber, m ₀ represents the equivalent mass of the electrical equipment and

m represents the mass of the electrical equipment, ω represents the natural frequency of the electrical equipment and k represents the stiffness coefficient of the electrical equipment, ζ represents the damping ratio, and the following relationship is satisfied between the damping ratio and the preset seismic acceleration response attenuation ratio R _a : ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&zeta;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}}$ where ω _n represents the frequency of the earthquake and

T _g represents the site characteristic period corresponding to the design earthquake grouping and site category of the installation site of the electrical equipment. 9. A damping system, characterized in that it comprises: electrical equipment, and 4 shock absorbers installed at the root of said electrical equipment; The four shock absorbers are symmetrically arranged in a square with the electrical equipment as the center, and the side length of the square is the preset square length of the four shock absorbers arranged symmetrically in a square. 10. The system according to claim 9, further comprising: an upper connection plate, connected to the root of the electrical equipment; The lower connecting plate is arranged corresponding to the upper connecting plate; and the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are correspondingly provided with 4 bolt holes; spacers, arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate; The shock absorber is specifically a bolt-type shock absorber, and four bolt-type shock absorbers pass through corresponding bolt holes to connect the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate.

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