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CN103195467A - Hydraulic fracturing and grouting solidification combined rock cross-cut coal uncovering method - Google Patents

Hydraulic fracturing and grouting solidification combined rock cross-cut coal uncovering method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103195467A
CN103195467A CN2013101121210A CN201310112121A CN103195467A CN 103195467 A CN103195467 A CN 103195467A CN 2013101121210 A CN2013101121210 A CN 2013101121210A CN 201310112121 A CN201310112121 A CN 201310112121A CN 103195467 A CN103195467 A CN 103195467A
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grouting
coal seam
hole
coal
fracturing
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CN103195467B (en
Inventor
李栋
覃乐
郭臣业
周东平
余模华
王联
周俊杰
徐涛
张翠兰
张迪
何苗
周声才
沈大富
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CHONGQING ENERGY INVESTMENT GROUP TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Chongqing University
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Chongqing Energy Technology Investment Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种水力压裂与注浆固化相结合的石门揭煤方法，包括在巷道掘进至煤层垂距10m时，钻穿透煤层的压裂孔并对煤层进行水力压裂，至压裂中出现3MPa以上压力降后注水量达预计值；在巷道掘进至煤层垂距5m时，钻多个注浆孔；通过压裂孔和注浆孔抽采煤层瓦斯；由注浆孔对煤层实施设定量的注浆，注浆压力在15MPa以上；在浆液固化后继续掘进巷道并完成石门揭煤。单孔注浆量包括注浆孔内的注浆量M1和煤层中渗透的注浆量M2，按下式计算：

Figure 2013101121210100004DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
式中：
Figure 252730DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
浆液密度；
Figure 2013101121210100004DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
储备系数；
Figure 371995DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
浆液发泡倍数；钻孔直径；
Figure 250084DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
注浆孔长度；
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
浆液在煤层中的渗透半径；
Figure 87590DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
注浆孔在煤层中长度；
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
煤层孔隙率。本发明的有益效果是，可快速、安全揭石门，避免同行进行重复劳动，提高社会效益。

The invention discloses a method for uncovering coal in Shimen by combining hydraulic fracturing and grouting solidification. After the pressure drop of more than 3MPa in the crack occurs, the water injection volume reaches the expected value; when the roadway is excavated to the coal seam vertical distance of 5m, multiple grouting holes are drilled; coal seam gas is extracted through fracturing holes and grouting holes; A set amount of grouting is implemented on the coal seam, and the grouting pressure is above 15MPa; after the grout is solidified, continue to excavate the roadway and complete the coal removal at the Shimen. The single hole grouting amount includes the grouting amount M 1 in the grouting hole and the grouting amount M 2 permeated in the coal seam, calculated according to the following formula:

Figure 2013101121210100004DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
In the formula:
Figure 252730DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
slurry density;
Figure 2013101121210100004DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
reserve factor;
Figure 371995DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
The foaming ratio of the slurry; Drilling diameter;
Figure 250084DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
grouting hole length;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
The penetration radius of the slurry in the coal seam;
Figure 87590DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
The length of the grouting hole in the coal seam;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
coal seam porosity. The beneficial effect of the invention is that the stone door can be opened quickly and safely, avoiding duplication of work by colleagues, and improving social benefits.

Description

A kind of fracturing is solidified the stone door punching coal method that combines with slip casting
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stone door punching coal method, especially a kind of being applicable to has the quick stone door punching coal method that the fracturing of the low-permeable weak seam of prominent danger by force combines with slip casting curing.
Background technology
In the roadway construction in the high mine of outburst hazard, extensive, the high-intensity coal of the easiest generation and gas were outstanding when crossdrift was exposed the coal seam, were seriously restricting the safe and efficient production of mine.Crossdrift protrusion-dispelling method for uncovering coal of the prior art is more, comprises pre-gas pumping destressing method, coal body solidification method etc.All must contain in the whole bag of tricks according to " coal and gas outburst prevention treatment regulation ", in the step of taking off construction gas pumping hole and mash gas extraction before the crossdrift of carrying out according to a conventional method in the tunnelling process.Yet along with the increase of the coal mining degree of depth, coal and gas outstanding problem seem more and more serious, take single extinction measure to be difficult to reach the purpose of safety, quick exposed coal.Chinese patent publication number CN101598030A; open December 9 2009 date; invention and created name " method for realizing fast coal exposing of coal seam rock cross with outburst danger "; a kind of method that pre-gas pumping release and coal body are fixedly combined is disclosed; comprise by the high-pressure water jet slot; technology such as hydraulic flushing in hole or loosening big gun is destroyed the coal seam in crossdrift periphery certain limit; carry out the gas pumping release then; make a stiffening ring by grout injection in the certain thickness coal seam of crossdrift periphery again; thereby form a protection structure; to guarantee to take off crossdrift safety, this method is applicable to the stone door punching coal with strong prominent dangerous coal seam.Yet, this takes off the crossdrift method in implementation process, technology such as the high-pressure water jet slot, hydraulic flushing in hole or the loosening big gun that adopt are limited to the damage envelope of coal body and the crack that produces in damage envelope, and, weigh the aeration level in coal seam and be to guarantee the key element taking off crossdrift safety and raise the efficiency to the reasonability that parameters such as coal seam grouting amount are selected, but it is also unexposed in this technical scheme, therefore, the colleague also need carry out necessary groping and the experiment experience accumulation in specific implementation process, be not easy to directly apply., require further improvement for this reason, directly adopt with convenient colleague's same nature colliery, avoid the duplication of labour, improve industry and take off the crossdrift level, improve social benefit.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provide the coal seam fracturing of a kind of outburst danger to solidify the stone door punching coal method that combines with coal body, with the purpose that reaches fast, safety is exposed coal and gas is projecting coal bed, simultaneously, be convenient to go together and directly adopt, avoid the duplication of labour, improve social benefit.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme.
A kind of fracturing is solidified the stone door punching coal method that combines with slip casting, may further comprise the steps:
A, when tunnelling when hanging down apart from 10m apart from the coal seam, creep into the pressure break hole along the tunnelling direction, until penetrating the coal seam, sealing of hole is carried out in the pressure break hole to be handled, and by the pressure break hole fracturing is carried out in coal-bed flooding, after frac pressure continues to rise to the pressure that a setting value occurs and falls △ P, stop pressure break after keeping pressure break to water injection rate to reach predicted value;
B, in tunnelling when hanging down apart from 5m apart from the coal seam, two help to expand earpick shape drill site in the tunnel, construction penetrates a plurality of injected holes in coal seam, the boring scope of injected hole is the outer 2～2.5m of drift section outline line;
C, in injected hole, install Grouting Pipe, injected hole carried out sealing of hole handle, and by pressure break hole and injected hole extraction coal-bed gas to setting requirement;
D, select arbitrary injected hole for the treatment of slip casting, the slurries that can reinforce the coal seam after solidifying to its hole internal pressure perfusion by Grouting Pipe, and interim shutoff all the other treat the injected hole of slip casting; Its grouting pressure when reaching the setting grouting amount, stops slip casting more than 15MPa;
E, circulation step d are until the slip casting of finishing all injected holes;
F, treat slurries solidify and check up to standard after, carry out tunnelling and pass the coal seam according to conventional method, finish stone door punching coal work;
Described pressure falls △ P and is generally more than the 3MPa; Described grouting amount comprises the grouting amount M in the injected hole 1Grouting amount M with infiltration diffusion in the coal seam 2, its single hole slip casting total amount is calculated as follows:
Figure 2013101121210100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
In the formula:
Figure 911681DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
-serum density, kg/m 3
Figure 2013101121210100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
-reserve factor gets 1.1～1.2 usually;
Figure 153306DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
-slurries coefficient of foaming gets 1.3～1.4 usually;
Figure 2013101121210100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
-bore diameter, the mm of unit;
-injected hole length, the m of unit;
The penetration radius of-slurries in the coal seam determined the m of unit by ocurrence of coal seam feature and fracturing effect;
Figure 196534DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
-injected hole is length in the coal seam, the m of unit;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
-coal seam porosity.
Described fracturing estimates that water injection rate should be definite according to institute's concrete feature in pressure break coal seam; Described pressure break bore dia is 95mm; Described injected hole diameter is 75mm; It is the seamless steel pipe of 12.5mm that described Grouting Pipe adopts diameter.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is by at first carrying out fracturing to coal and rock, impel coal body to produce a large amount of perforation cracks, coal and rock is on a large scale behind the release mash gas extraction, again to this zone boring grouting reinforcing, improved the intensity of coal and rock greatly, thereby the outstanding and percussion when effectively resisting exposed coal reaches the purpose of exposed coal fast and safely.When fracturing makes coal and rock produce a large amount of crack, discharged the stress primitively of a part, guaranteed that slurries inject smoothly, and enlarged the scope of grouting and reinforcing.This cover method is being guaranteed under the prerequisite of safe exposed coal, can reduce the extinction engineering quantity, shorten construction period, has satisfied the needs of strong projecting coal bed stone door punching coal fast and safely.Simultaneously, the pressure drop values when the present invention has provided pressure break and the grouting pressure of slip casing by pressure and grouting amount avoid the colleague to carry out the duplication of labour, can bring remarkable social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the arrangement schematic diagram that pressure break hole 3, injected hole 4 and tunnel in the stone door punching coal method that combines are solidified in fracturing of the present invention and slip casting.
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional drawing among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional drawing among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is that the position of injected hole 4 and Grouting Pipe 7 concerns schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but therefore do not limit the present invention among the described scope of embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, a kind of fracturing is solidified the stone door punching coal method that combines with slip casting, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, when tunnel 6 driving to apart from the coal seam 1 when hanging down apart from 10m, 6 tunneling directions creep into pressure break hole 3 along the tunnel, until penetrating coal seam 1, sealing of hole is carried out in pressure break hole 3 to be handled, and carry out fracturing by 3 pairs of coal seam 1 water fillings in pressure break hole, after frac pressure continues to rise to the pressure that a setting value occurs and falls △ P, stop pressure break after keeping pressure break to water injection rate to reach predicted value;
B, 6 drivings are to apart from the coal seam 1 when hanging down apart from 5m in the tunnel, and 6 liang of groups expand earpick shape drill sites 5 in the tunnel, and construction penetrates a plurality of injected holes 4 in coal seam 1, and the boring scope of injected hole 4 is the outer 2～2.5m of tunnel 6 range line profiles;
C, in injected hole 4, install Grouting Pipe 7, injected hole 4 carried out sealing of hole handle and form sealing of hole section 8, and by pressure break hole 3 and injected hole 4 extraction coal seams 1 gas to setting requirement;
D, select arbitrary injected hole 4 for the treatment of slip casting, the slurries that can reinforce the coal seam after solidifying to its hole internal pressure perfusion by Grouting Pipe 7, and interim shutoff all the other treat the injected hole 4 of slip casting; Its grouting pressure when reaching the setting grouting amount, stops slip casting more than 15MPa;
E, circulation step d are until the slip casting of finishing all injected holes 4;
F, treat slurries solidify and check up to standard after, carry out tunnelling and pass the coal seam according to conventional method, finish stone door punching coal work;
Described pressure falls △ P and is generally more than the 3MPa; Described grouting amount comprises the grouting amount M in the injected hole 4 1Grouting amount M with infiltration diffusion in the coal seam 1 2, its single hole slip casting total amount is calculated as follows:
Figure 469384DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
In the formula:
Figure 886721DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
-serum density, kg/m 3
Figure 903219DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
-reserve factor gets 1.1～1.2 usually;
Figure 401196DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
-slurries coefficient of foaming gets 1.3～1.4 usually;
Figure 985892DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
-bore diameter, the mm of unit;
-injected hole 4 length, the m of unit;
Figure 756719DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
The penetration radius of-slurries in coal seam 1 determined the m of unit by ocurrence of coal seam feature and fracturing effect;
Figure 109203DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
-injected hole 4 length in the coal seam, the m of unit;
Figure 51751DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
-coal seam porosity.
Described fracturing estimates that water injection rate should be definite according to institute's concrete feature in pressure break coal seam; Described pressure break hole 3 diameters are 95mm; Described injected hole 4 diameters are 75mm; It is the seamless steel pipe of 12.5mm that described Grouting Pipe 7 adopts diameter.
Though more than combine accompanying drawing and described embodiments of the present invention, but those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize also in the scope to claims and make various variations or modification that these modifications and variations are interpreted as within scope of the present invention and intention.

Claims (3)

1.一种水力压裂与注浆固化相结合的石门揭煤方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤： 1. A method for uncovering coal in Shimen combined with hydraulic fracturing and grouting solidification, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: a、当巷道（6）掘进至距煤层（1）垂距10m时，沿巷道（6）掘进方向钻进压裂孔（3），直至穿透煤层（1），对压裂孔（3）进行封孔处理，并通过压裂孔（3）对煤层（1）注水进行水力压裂，当压裂压力持续上升至出现一设定值的压力降△P后，保持压裂至注水量达到预计值后停止压裂； a. When the roadway (6) is excavated to a vertical distance of 10m from the coal seam (1), drill the fracturing hole (3) along the tunneling direction (6) until the coal seam (1) is penetrated, and the fracturing hole (3) Carry out hole sealing treatment, and perform hydraulic fracturing by injecting water into the coal seam (1) through the fracturing hole (3). Stop fracturing after the expected value; b、在巷道（6）掘进至距煤层（1）垂距5m时，在巷道（6）两帮扩挖耳形钻场（5），施工穿透煤层（1）的多个注浆孔（4），注浆孔（4）的钻孔范围为巷道（6）断面轮廓线外2～2.5m； b. When the roadway (6) is excavated to a vertical distance of 5m from the coal seam (1), expand and dig the ear-shaped drill field (5) on both sides of the roadway (6), and construct multiple grouting holes that penetrate the coal seam (1) ( 4), the drilling range of the grouting hole (4) is 2-2.5m outside the section contour of the roadway (6); c、在注浆孔（4）内安设注浆管（7），对注浆孔（4）进行封孔处理，并通过压裂孔（3）和注浆孔（4）抽采煤层（1）瓦斯至设定要求； c. Install the grouting pipe (7) in the grouting hole (4), seal the grouting hole (4), and drain the coal seam through the fracturing hole (3) and the grouting hole (4) (1) Gas to setting requirements; d、选择任一待注浆的注浆孔（4），通过注浆管（7）向其孔内压力灌注凝固后可对煤层进行加固的浆液，并临时封堵其余待注浆的注浆孔（4）；其注浆压力在15MPa以上，当达到设定注浆量时，停止注浆； d. Select any grouting hole (4) to be grouted, pour solidified grout into the hole through the grouting pipe (7) to reinforce the coal seam, and temporarily block the remaining grouting holes to be grouted hole (4); the grouting pressure is above 15MPa, when the set grouting amount is reached, the grouting is stopped; e、循环步骤d，直至完成对所有注浆孔（4）的注浆；  e. Cycle step d until the grouting of all grouting holes (4) is completed; f、待浆液固化并检验达标后，按照常规方法掘进巷道并穿过煤层，完成石门揭煤工作；  f. After the slurry is solidified and tested up to the standard, excavate the roadway and pass through the coal seam according to the conventional method, and complete the work of uncovering the coal at the stone gate; 所述的压力降△P为3MPa以上；所述的注浆量包括注浆孔（4）内的注浆量M1和煤层（1）中渗透扩散的注浆量M2，其单孔注浆总量按如下公式计算：  The pressure drop △P is above 3MPa; the grouting amount includes the grouting amount M 1 in the grouting hole (4) and the grouting amount M 2 permeating and diffusing in the coal seam (1). The total amount of pulp is calculated according to the following formula: 式中：—浆液密度，kg/m3； In the formula: — density of slurry, kg/m 3 ;
Figure 479796DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
—储备系数，通常取1.1～1.2；
Figure 479796DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
- Reserve coefficient, usually 1.1~1.2;
Figure 780197DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
—浆液发泡倍数，通常取1.3～1.4；
Figure 780197DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
- The foaming ratio of the slurry, usually 1.3 to 1.4; —钻孔直径，单位mm； —Drilling diameter, in mm; —注浆孔（4）长度，单位m； —the length of the grouting hole (4), in m;
Figure 928915DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
—浆液在煤层（1）中的渗透半径，由煤层赋存特征和压裂效果确定，单位m；
Figure 928915DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
—The penetration radius of the slurry in the coal seam (1), determined by the occurrence characteristics of the coal seam and the fracturing effect, in m;
Figure 901682DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
—注浆孔（4）在煤层中长度，单位m；
Figure 901682DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
—The length of the grouting hole (4) in the coal seam, in m;
Figure 314208DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
—煤层孔隙率。
Figure 314208DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
— Coal seam porosity. 2.根据权利要求1所述的水力压裂与注浆固化相结合的石门揭煤方法，其特征在于，所述压裂孔（3）直径为95mm；所述注浆孔（4）直径为75mm；所述的注浆管（7）采用直径为12.5mm的无缝钢管。 2. The Shimen coal removal method combining hydraulic fracturing and grouting solidification according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the fracturing hole (3) is 95 mm; the diameter of the grouting hole (4) is 75mm; the grouting pipe (7) adopts a seamless steel pipe with a diameter of 12.5mm. 3.根据权利要求1所述的水力压裂与注浆固化相结合的石门揭煤方法，其特征在于，所述的水力压裂预计注水量应根据所压裂煤层具体特征确定。 3. The method for uncovering coal in Shimen by combining hydraulic fracturing and grouting solidification according to claim 1, characterized in that the estimated water injection amount for hydraulic fracturing should be determined according to the specific characteristics of the fractured coal seam.
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