CN103190369B - Domestication method of sea bream fish - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fish domestication method, in particular to a sea bream domestication method, which belongs to the technical field of fish farming. The method is as follows: place the acclimation machine containing sound playback system and bait supply in a large net cage, put the juvenile bream into the large net cage after adapting to the water temperature; carry out artificial domestication in the large net cage, pass the domestication factor The pheromone bait is fed twice every morning and evening at a fixed point; after a few days of domestication, the position of the domestication machine is moved, and domestication is carried out again to increase the domestication effect, and then release and continue domestication. The present invention domesticates the fish fry before releasing in marine pastures by sound etc., so that the fry can produce conditioned reflexes to the domestication factors and avoid the interference of human factors. Keep within the scope of the marine ranch; when fishing, use the domestication factor to lure the fish, so as to realize the convenience and speed of fishing.

Description

Domestication method of sea bream fish

technical field

The invention relates to a fish domestication method, in particular to a marine ranch bream domestication method, which belongs to the technical field of fish breeding and multiplication in open specific sea areas, and is one of the key technologies for the efficient operation of marine ranches.

Background technique

Fish are found in nearly all aquatic environments on Earth, from freshwater lakes and rivers to saltwater oceans. Because fish live in water all year round, and fish meat is rich in animal protein and phosphorus, etc., it is rich in nutrition, delicious in taste, easy to be digested and absorbed by the human body, and plays an important role in the development of human physical strength and intelligence. It is an important source of food for people. . In addition, other parts of the fish body can be used for medical purposes, such as cod liver oil can be extracted, can also be made into isinglass, fish meal, etc., hydrolyzed protein, cytochrome C, lecithin, cephalin, etc. can be extracted from various fish meat; The bile can be extracted to produce "bile pigment calcium salt", which is the raw material for the artificial production of bezoar. Some fish, such as goldfish and tropical fish, are colorful and colorful, and have high ornamental value.

However, in the past 20-30 years, due to overfishing, environmental pollution and changes in the ecological environment, fish resources have been greatly affected, fish production has declined, and fish resources are facing decline; There is an increasing demand for food, which cannot be met by natural sources alone.

In order to increase fish production and effectively utilize natural sea area resources, domestication is carried out in large-scale cages before releasing fish species, and the implementation of the domestication strategy continues after release, so that fry live near the release point after release. It is of great significance to restore marine ecology and provide high-quality wild fishing objects. Create a new growth environment that is more suitable for releasing fish species by putting artificial fish reefs, etc., to ensure food supply and other necessary living conditions, which is conducive to controlling the behavior of fish fry after releasing, can promote the improvement of production capacity, and produce obvious economic benefits. Effect.

Use artificial methods to control the growth and reproduction of fish, so that the ocean provides more and more food for human beings and becomes a relatively reliable protein supply base.

The bream fish is a traditional fish, which belongs to a high-level edible fish, and has the characteristics of rocky and reef-type activities. Seabreams are widely distributed in water-stops, canals and deep rivers with slow flow. Because they are rich in nutrients needed by the human body, the supply in the market has been in short supply. It is a good species of released and domesticated fish. It's just that there is no effective method of full-time domestication of sea bream in sea ranching.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a full-time domestication method for sea breams from the net cage to the sea ranch. The domestication method of breams can effectively increase their yield and improve Survival rate and quality meet the requirements of economical production.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved in the following way: a method for domesticating sea bream fish in sea pastures, the steps are: 1) placing the domesticating machine containing the sound playback system and bait supply in a large net cage , the large net cage is surrounded by fish nets arranged in the water body;

2) Put the juveniles into large net cages after being adapted to the water temperature, and the stocking density of juveniles in the large net cages is 5 to 30 fish/m ² ;

3) Artificially domesticate in a large cage, and use the domestication factor to feed fishy smell pheromone bait twice a day at a fixed point in the morning and evening; the feeding of fishy smell pheromone bait adopts sinking fishy smell pheromone bait through the conveying material on the domestication machine The pipe directly feeds bait and feeds underwater;

4) After 5-10 days of acclimation, move the position of the acclimation machine and perform acclimation again to strengthen its memory ability for sound-induced signals and weaken the influence of position on acclimatization;

5) Repeat the process of the above-mentioned 3) and 4), and carry out in a cycle for 2 to 3 months, to strengthen the domestication effect and the memory effect of the domestication signal to the larvae juveniles;

6) directly release the bream juveniles through the above-mentioned domestication process into the water body;

7) Continue to implement the above-mentioned domestication process of 3) after releasing, so that the bream juveniles remain near the large net cage for a long time after leaving the net cage.

The depth of the water body where the large net cage is located is 10-20 meters, the flow velocity is within 2 knots, the wave is within 1.5 meters, and the water temperature is required to be between 10°C and 30°C.

The size of the large-scale net cage is long (20-30) m * wide (10-15) m * high (3-4) m, and the net cage is placed at the discharge point for domestication. Regions remain similar, increasing adaptability.

400Hz-600Hz single-frequency sound and wave sound are selected as the acclimation factor to play alternately, and 400Hz-600Hz single-frequency sound is combined with fishy smell pheromone bait.

During the first two minutes of acclimation, only 400Hz-600Hz single-frequency sound is played, and then the bait is put in. The sound playing and baiting time are both 8 minutes. form anti-domestication.

The 400Hz-600Hz single-frequency sound is played at 6:00 and 18:00 every day, and the wave sound is played at 12:00 and 24:00 every day.

The daily feeding amount of the bait is based on the principle of not making the fish full, so as to maintain their sensitivity to sound, and at the same time make them have the desire to eat natural bait after releasing.

The daily feeding amount of the bait is 4-6% of the fish body weight.

The ingredients of the fishy smell pheromone bait are composed of fishy smell spices and 1.5mm compound feed, and the ingredients of the compound feed include fish meal, soybean meal, high-gluten flour, fish oil and multivitamins.

The discharge is directly released from the opening in the large net cage, so that the discharge is completed naturally.

Beneficial effects of the present invention, the present invention studies the living habits of bream species, and according to its characteristics, domesticates the bream fry before breeding and release in marine pastures, such as sound, so that the fry can produce conditioned reflexes to domestication factors and avoid interference from human factors , after release, the fry still have a positive response to the domestication factor, so as to ensure that the released sea bream fry are always kept within the range of the marine ranch; fast.

The present invention can effectively control the behavior of sea breams with low cost, and is beneficial to improve the lack of full-time domestication in marine pastures in my country. The low-cost implementation of related equipment can greatly improve the overall benefits of marine pastures. Through the effective coordination of the entire system, the relevant full-time domestication of sea breams in marine ranches can be realized.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly, it can be implemented according to the contents of the description, and in order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following A preferred embodiment is specifically given for description.

Detailed ways

In order to further set forth the technical means and effects that the present invention takes for reaching the intended purpose of the invention, the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and methods of the sea bream domestication method proposed according to the present invention will be described below through preferred embodiments. Efficacy, detailed as follows.

The present invention is a sea bream domestication method in pastures, and its specific steps are: 1) placing the domestication machine containing sound playback system and bait supply in a large-scale net cage, and the large-scale net cage is formed by a fish net arranged in a water body; Enclosed; specifically, a structure similar to a cuboid is surrounded by fishnets, one part is under the water surface and the other part is above the water surface, that is, the large-scale cages are directly set in the water body, so that the domestication machine can avoid human interference. Make it establish effective conditioned reflex;

2) Put the juveniles into large net cages after being adapted to the water temperature. The stocking density of juveniles in the large net cages is 5-30 fish/m ² ; so that the juveniles have sufficient room for movement.

3) Then carry out artificial domestication in a large cage, and use the domestication factor to feed twice a fishy smell pheromone bait at fixed points every morning and evening; The sinking fishy smell pheromone bait is directly fed into the water through the feeding pipe on the acclimation machine, and the feeding speed can be effectively controlled, so that the bait dropping speed is close to the eating speed of juvenile fish;

4) After 5-10 days of acclimation, move the position of the acclimation machine and perform acclimation again, so as to strengthen its memory ability to the sound-induced signal and weaken the influence of position on acclimation;

5) Repeat the process of the above 3) and 4) for 2 to 3 months in a cycle, so as to strengthen the domestication effect and the memory effect of the domestication signal to the larvae juveniles.

6) directly release the bream juveniles through the above-mentioned domestication process into the water body;

7) Continue to implement the above-mentioned domestication process of 3) after releasing, so that the bream juveniles remain near the large net cage for a long time after leaving the net cage.

The depth of the water body where the above-mentioned large-scale cages are located can be selected at 10-20 meters, the flow rate is within 2 knots, the natural cover in the port is good, the waves are within 1.5 meters, and the water temperature is required to be 10°C-30°C to adapt to the growth of sea bream. environment.

The size of the above-mentioned large net cages is length (20-30) m×width (10-15) m×height (3-4) m, which not only facilitates the processing of the net cages, but also facilitates the growth of bream juveniles. Domestication is carried out at the release point, so that the characteristics of the waves in the cage remain similar to the area after release, so as to increase the adaptability of the bream.

The above-mentioned domestication factors are played alternately with 400Hz-600Hz single-frequency sound and wave sound. After many experiments and researches, bream fishes are particularly sensitive and accepting of 400Hz-600Hz single-frequency sound, which can improve the domestication effect. During domestication, only 400Hz-600Hz single-frequency sound is played for the first two minutes, and then the fishy smell is released two minutes later. For pheromone bait, after the 400Hz-600Hz single-frequency sound is played, continue to put the bait for two minutes, that is, the time for playing and baiting is both 8 minutes. After playing the single-frequency sound for 6 hours, the sound of waves was played but no bait was cast. The sound of waves played was close to that of nature, forming anti-domestication. The 400Hz-600Hz single-frequency sound can be played at 6:00 and 18:00 every day, and the wave sound can be played at 12:00 and 24:00 every day.

The daily feeding amount of the bait is based on the principle of not making the fish full, so as to maintain its sensitivity to sound, and at the same time make it have the desire to eat natural bait after release. The daily feeding amount is about 4% of the fish's body weight. -6%.

When releasing the fish fry, the opening of the net cage is used directly to release the fish fry, so as to avoid adverse stimulation reactions to the fry caused by human factors, which will affect the effect of domestication; The group always maintains effective conditioning, even if the bream leaves the cage, it can still remain near the large cage for a long time.

When the present invention is used, the control of the fish behavior is realized through the timing control of the playing of the sound and the feeding of the bait through the acclimation machine. The acclimation machine plays the sound regularly through the sound every day. After playing the sound for a period of time, the bait is transported to the water for feeding under the control of the controller. The sea bream fry are always kept within the scope of the marine ranch; when the fish is caught, the domestication factor is used to lure the fish school, so as to realize the convenience and speed of fishery fishing. The invention effectively coordinates the work of the whole system to realize the related full-time domestication of the sea bream in the sea pasture.

In summary, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the above technical solutions of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. an aquafarm sparid class acclimation method, is characterized in that:

1) the domestication machine containing playback system and bait supply is placed in large-scale net cage, described large-scale net cage is surrounded by the fishnet be arranged in water body;

2) porgy section juvenile fish is put into large-scale net cage after water temperature adapts to, the input density of porgy section juvenile fish in large-scale net cage is 5 ~ 30 tails/m ²;

3) domestication in large-scale net cage, by the domestication factor every day of right place feeding sooner or later twice fishy smell pheromones bait; The feeding of fishy smell pheromones bait adopts heavy property fishy smell pheromones bait by the conveying pipeline on domestication machine directly to carrying out bait throwing in feeding under water;

4) tame after 5 ~ 10 days, the position of mobile domestication machine, tames again;

5) repeat above-mentioned 3) and 4) process, circulation carry out 2 ~ 3 months, strengthening domestication effect and porgy section juvenile fish to domestication signal memory effect;

6) the porgy section juvenile fish through above-mentioned domestication process, directly discharge in water body;

7) after releasing continue implement above-mentioned 3) domestication process, still can remain near large-scale net cage after Shi Diao section juvenile fish leaves net cage;

The described domestication factor selects 400Hz ~ 600Hz single frequency tone and wave sound to carry out alternative expression domestication, combines when putting 400Hz ~ 600Hz single frequency tone with fishy smell pheromones bait;

Described releasing directly is released from large-scale net cage inner opening, and the nature that makes to release completes.

2. aquafarm sparid class acclimation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the water depth residing for described large-scale net cage is 10 ~ 20 meters, and flow velocity is within 2 joints, and wave is within 1.5 meters, and water temperature is within the scope of 10 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C.

3. aquafarm sparid class acclimation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described large-scale net cage is of a size of long (20 ~ 30) m × wide (10 ~ 15) m × height (3 ~ 4) m, net cage is placed in release and a little tames, in net cage unrestrained stream feature with release after region keep similar, increase adaptability.

4. aquafarm sparid class acclimation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: during described domestication first two minutes only put 400Hz ~ 600Hz single frequency tone, then start to throw in fishy smell pheromones bait, playback and bait throwing in time are 8 minutes, wave sound is play after putting 6 hours 400Hz ~ 600Hz single frequency tone time, do not throw in bait, formed and oppositely tame, make fish only have response to 400Hz ~ 600Hz single frequency tone.

5. aquafarm sparid class acclimation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described 400Hz ~ 600Hz single frequency tone 6:00 and 18:00 every day plays, wave sound every day 12 and 24 broadcastings.

6. aquafarm sparid class acclimation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fishy smell pheromones bait injected volume every day is had enough as principle not make fish, to keep it to the sensitiveness of sound.

7. aquafarm sparid class acclimation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fishy smell pheromones bait injected volume every day is the 4-6% of fish body weight.

8. aquafarm sparid class acclimation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the composition of described fishy smell pheromones bait is made up of fishy smell agent spices and 1.5mm mixed feed, and the composition of described mixed feed includes fish meal, dregs of beans, Strong flour, fish oil and B B-complex.