CN103185362A - Low-position straight heating machine - Google Patents
Low-position straight heating machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103185362A CN103185362A CN2012103981039A CN201210398103A CN103185362A CN 103185362 A CN103185362 A CN 103185362A CN 2012103981039 A CN2012103981039 A CN 2012103981039A CN 201210398103 A CN201210398103 A CN 201210398103A CN 103185362 A CN103185362 A CN 103185362A
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-position straight heating machine. The structure of the low-position straight heating machine comprises an evaporator, a condenser and a deaeration device, wherein the evaporator and the condenser are arranged up and down; the evaporator is a horizontal type pressure container, waste water at the middle and high temperature enters the evaporator through a water inlet pipe, is sprayed out downward from a long and narrow nozzle of a spray pipe, flows along a surface of a water spraying tray and downward from the edge of the water spraying tray, and simultaneously is evaporated through flash vaporization; generated vapors enter the condenser through a vapor channel, and residual waste water after the flash vaporization is discharged through a water suction pump; the condenser is a shell tubular heat exchanger, heating circulating water enters a hot water pipe of the condenser, performs heat exchange with vapors outside the pipe through the pipe wall, after the heating circulating water is heated through a few of processes, the heating circulating water flows out from a water outlet pipe; the vapors entering from the vapor channel bypass a baffle plate and flow curvedly and condensate for heat release; and condensation water accumulated at the bottom of the condenser flows out through a condensation water pipe. Besides, an exhaust pipe is arranged above the tail end of the condenser and connected with a vacuum pump, so that non-condensable gas in the condenser is sucked out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hot swapping, particularly relate to a kind of low level directly-heated machine.
Background technology
China has been the big country that iron and steel is produced, and the annual production of iron and steel accounts for 40% of Gross World Product.No matter be steel-making or ironmaking, all will produce a large amount of slags.Slag is and the iron and steel generation of accompanying, it is the byproduct of smelting iron and steel, it is again the primary condition of a series of important metallurgical reactions, it participates in physical-chemical reaction and the mass-and heat-transfer process of steel smelting procedure directly, it not only has influence on iron and steel output, quality, and with the consumption of raw material, energy close relationship is arranged.
In the Ferrous Metallurgy stove, produce 1400-1500 ℃ high temperature furnace slag, after cinder notch flows out, when slag runner enters the flushing cinder chute, with certain water yield, hydraulic pressure and the chute gradient, make water become certain angle of cut with slag stream again, slag is subjected to cold shock, bursts into the qualified grain slag of certain particle size.After pulp water separated, slag was as construction material; Flushing cinder water with high temperature furnace slag carries out heat exchange enters the flushing cinder pond.The flushing cinder pond is taken up an area of several thousand square metres usually; the hot vapour in top, flushing cinder pond soars; the flushing cinder coolant-temperature gage remains on 60-80 ℃ throughout the year; be a huge potential heat energy energy, if can be used effectively, such as utilize the heat energy of flushing cinder water; be the residential block heating winter; not only can be for country save a large amount of fuel, and reduced carbon emission, protected environment.
The heat energy recycle problem of flushing cinder water also is not well solved so far.
Because flushing cinder water uses repeatedly, has dissolved into the plurality of inorganic salt and the oxide that contain in the slag in the flushing cinder water, having formed almost is saturated salt aqueous alkali.Burst in the grain slag process when slag is subjected to cold shock, some tiny slag enters in the water and suspends.Through actual detected, the flushing cinder water turbidity is 60-80mg/l.
Certain enterprise that heats, by dividing wall type heat exchanger, the heat transferred recirculated water with flushing cinder water utilizes recirculated water to heat to the residential block.Winter only, less than 4 months heating duration, the flushing cinder water side of dividing wall type heat exchanger, fouling reaches 3-5 centimetre, and the dirt layer is hard, and it is diffusing to fluff after the weathering.Think by analysis that the composition of flushing cinder water fouling in heat exchanger is the multiple inorganic salts that contain the crystallization water, for example contain the silicate of the crystallization water.The crystallization incrustation scale that flushing cinder water is hard is almost completely scrapped dividing wall type heat exchanger.
Someone attempts to have filter to filter flushing cinder water, to solve flushing cinder water scaling problem on heat exchanger.Flushing cinder water is the salt buck of multiple composition, and for the salt buck, filter is of no use fully.The salt buck can pass through any filter smoothly, and has arrived heat exchanger inside, runs into cold heat exchanger wall, saline and alkaline water for cooling, supersaturation, crystallization on cold wall at once.
In the salt aqueous alkali, the process that crystal forms is called crystallization.The method of crystallization generally has two kinds: a kind of is the evaporating solvent method, and it is applicable to that temperature is to the little material of solubility influence.The coastal area produces and evaporates brine is exactly this method of utilizing.Another kind is heat of cooling saturated solution method, and this method is applicable to that temperature raises the material that solubility also increases.As the salt lake of northern area, the summer temperature height, no crystal occurs on the lake surface; In every winter, temperature reduces, and crystal soda (Na2CO310H2O), saltcake materials such as (Na2SO410H2O) just separate out in the salt lake.The fouling of flushing cinder water just because of on the heat exchanger wall, has been cooled off saline and alkaline hydro-thermal saturated solution, the crystallization of generation.
In industrial or agricultural and people's lives, discharge various sewage, wherein a part is that temperature is hot waste water in 50-100 ℃, for example flushing cinder water.Because the impurity component complexity that contains in the middle hot waste water, if utilize common dividing wall type heat exchanger to reclaim heat energy, the heat exchanger partition is soon by scaling fouling and cisco unity malfunction.
At present, recovery problem for hot waste water heat energy in solving, a kind of directly-heated machine has appearred, its feature is that middle hot waste water is not by the partition heat exchange, but under saturation pressure carburation by evaporation, the steam of generation and cryogen are carried out heat exchange, thereby have avoided middle hot waste water directly to contact with the cold fluid partition, prevented because of the partition fouling, and caused heat exchanger failure.
But this directly-heated machine has a problem, and its evaporimeter, has to evaporimeter is raised several meters for the saturated spent hot water in the evaporimeter being discharged evaporimeter with water pump and not vaporizing in condenser bottom, utilizes the hot water static pressure to overcome vaporization.So just caused whole directly-heated machine up to several meters, under common machine room steric requirements, can't settle.
Middle hot waste water heat exchanger and common heat exchanger condition of work have very big difference, the method for designing of common heat exchanger, and use experience can not be used for the hot waste water heat exchanger.Although the method for designing of common heat exchanger and manufacturing process are all very ripe,, middle hot waste water heat exchanger science design method so far, does not also have fine solution.
Above-mentioned background technology about sewage heat exchanger and saline and alkaline water crystallization has a detailed description in following monograph:
1, Yu Jianzu writes, heat exchanger principle and design, Beijing: publishing house of BJ University of Aeronautics ﹠ Astronautics, 2010.
2, (U.S.) salad, Sai Kulike work, Cheng Linyi, design of heat exchanger technology, Beijing: China Machine Press, 2010.
3, Xin Jian, the Wang Huilong chief editor, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Beijing: when higher education is published, 2010.
4, He Fengjiao chief editor, inorganic chemistry, Beijing: Science Press, 2007.
Summary of the invention
For the recovery problem of hot waste water heat energy in solving, the present invention provides a kind of low level directly-heated machine, and its primary structure comprises: evaporimeter, condenser and deacration device, and evaporimeter and condenser are presented down setting, and evaporimeter is last, and condenser is following.The flash distillation in evaporimeter of middle hot waste water produces steam, between evaporimeter and condenser steam channel is arranged, and steam enters the condenser condensation heat, and the deacration device picks out from the condenser top.
Evaporimeter is horizontal pressure vessel, and its structure comprises: cylindrical shell, end socket, steam channel, water inlet pipe, sparge pipe, water spraying tray, ponding chamber, drainpipe and support; Middle hot waste water enters evaporimeter by water inlet pipe, spray downwards from the long and narrow spout of sparge pipe, flow along the water spraying tray surface, and trickle downwards at the water spraying tray edge, flash vaporization simultaneously, the steam of generation enters condenser by steam channel, the remaining waste water of flash distillation, enter drainpipe, discharge through suction pump again.
Sparge pipe is for being horizontally disposed with, its length is about 2/3rds of evaporator tube length, sparge pipe has long and narrow spout downwards along total length, long and narrow spout is divided into several sections: the narrow thin spout the when beginning, section hydraulic pressure was high, spout in the stage casing during hydraulic pressure, wide spout during the low hydraulic pressure of latter end, the sparge pipe terminal is uncovered, in discharging in the hot waste water than bigger material.
The main body of water spraying tray is the base plate of horizontally disposed rectangle, its length is about 3/4ths of evaporator tube length, its width is about 2/3rds of evaporator tube diameter, its top bending is end plate to top, one hole is arranged on the end plate, for supporting the through hole of sparge pipe, three edges of other of base plate are naked limit.
Condenser is a horizontal shell and tube exchanger, and its structure comprises: cylindrical shell, steam channel, exhaust tube, support, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe, hot-water line, deflection plate, condensate pipe and base; The recirculated water that heats enters condenser by water inlet pipe, flows in a plurality of hot-water lines of level, by the outer steam heat-exchanging of tube wall and pipe, after the several flow processs of process are heated, flows out by outlet pipe; From the steam that steam channel is come in, walk around deflection plate, the curve condensation heat that flows; The condensate water of gathering of condenser bottom flows out by condensate pipe; Above condenser ends, an exhaust tube is arranged, it connects vavuum pump, extracts the on-condensible gas in the condenser out.
The deacration device is a water-ring vacuum pump, and its bleeding point is connected the exhaust tube outlet of condenser ends top, can continue to extract out the on-condensible gas that condenser contains steam.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall construction drawing of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the evaporation structure figure of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the sparge pipe structure chart of low level directly-heated machine embodiment evaporimeter of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the water spraying tray structure chart of low level directly-heated machine embodiment evaporimeter of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the condenser structure figure of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 has provided the overall construction drawing of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention.
The general structure of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention, be divided into two major parts up and down in shape: the top is horizontal evaporimeter 100, and the below is horizontal condenser 300 and vavuum pump 200, and there is steam channel 150 centre.
Middle hot waste water enters evaporimeter 100 by water inlet pipe 105, and the pressure in the evaporimeter 100 are lower than the saturation pressure of hot waste water temperature correspondence in the import, so middle hot waste water partly evaporates after entering evaporimeter 100 at once, being also referred to as is flash distillation or dilatation.The steam that produce in the evaporimeter 100 by steam channel 150, enter condenser 300 from the upper front end of condenser 300.
The remaining saturated waste water of flash distillation in the evaporimeter 100 flow down from the drainpipe 130 of bottom, because difference in height flows to the bottom, saturated waste water pressure raises, and becomes unsaturated water, discharges through suction pump 140 again.
Heating recirculated water enters closed shell and tube condenser 300 by feed pump by water inlet pipe 320, enters in a plurality of hot-water lines 340 pipes of level, by the outer steam heat-exchanging of tube wall and pipe, the steam heat release, by tube wall heating recirculated water, the heat of steam has improved circulating water temperature.Through after several flow processs, the heating recirculated water that has been heated in condenser 300 flows out by outlet pipe 310.
The steam that produce in the evaporimeter 100, enter condenser 300 downwards from steam channel 150 after since deflection plate 330 stop that horizontal arcs of recesses advances, inswept numerous hot-water line outside wall surface, condensation heat simultaneously.
Above the rear end of condenser 300, a vavuum pump 200 is arranged.Vavuum pump 200 is constantly extracted the on-condensible gas in the condenser out, and main is exactly the dissolved gas that middle hot waste water is separated out, and leaked-in air in the system, thereby can guarantee intrasystem vacuum.
The condensate water of gathering of condenser 300 bottoms is by condensate pipe 350, through condensate pump 360, in the drainpipe 130 of inflow evaporator 100.
Low level directly-heated machine workflow is as follows:
1, middle hot waste water enters evaporimeter 100 by inlet channel;
2, the pressure in the evaporimeter 100 is lower than the saturation pressure of the middle hot waste water temperature correspondence of coming in, so middle hot waste water partly evaporates after entering evaporimeter at once, being also referred to as is flash distillation or dilatation;
3, the steam that produces in the evaporimeter 100 by steam channel 150, enters condenser 300;
4, remaining saturated waste water in the evaporimeter 100 flow out downwards from the drainpipe 130 of bottom, and pressure raises, and becomes unsaturated water, again through suction pump 140 discharges;
5, heating recirculated water enters condenser 300 by the feed pump on condenser 300 water inlet pipes 320;
6, condenser 300 is dividing wall type heat exchanger, and a side of partition is the steam that middle hot waste water produces, and opposite side is heating recirculated water, the steam heat release, and by partition heating recirculated water, the heat of steam has improved circulating water temperature;
7, the heating recirculated water that has been heated in condenser 300 flows out by outlet pipe 310;
8, above condenser 300, a vavuum pump 200 is arranged.Vavuum pump 200 is constantly extracted the on-condensible gas in the condenser out, and main is exactly the dissolved gas that middle hot waste water is separated out, and leaked-in air in the system, thereby can guarantee intrasystem vacuum;
9, the condensate water that produces behind the Steam Heating recirculated water in condenser 300 flows out by condensate pipe 350 and condensate pump 360.
Fig. 2 has provided the evaporation structure figure of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention.
The evaporimeter 100 of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention, its profile is a horizontal pressure vessel, and its structure comprises: cylindrical shell 102, end socket 115, steam channel 150, water inlet pipe 105, sparge pipe 110, water spraying tray 120, ponding chamber 125, drainpipe 130 and support 135.
After middle hot waste water enters evaporimeter 100 by water inlet pipe 105, after the long and narrow spout ejection downwards of sparge pipe 110, along the flat surface of water spraying tray 120, form thin layer flowing water, both sides landing to the left and right.Pressure in the evaporimeter 100 is lower than the saturation pressure of hot waste water temperature correspondence in the import, so, the thin layer flowing water flash vaporization at once of middle hot waste water.The steam that middle hot waste water produces by steam channel 150, enters condenser downwards.The remaining waste water of flash distillation in the evaporimeter 100 from drainpipe 130 outflows of bottom, is discharged through suction pump again.Water intaking valve on the control water inlet pipe 105 guarantees at evaporimeter inner product hydroecium 125 waters surface in the altitude range of regulation.
Fig. 3 has provided the sparge pipe structure chart of low level directly-heated machine embodiment evaporimeter of the present invention.
Middle hot waste water is at first by water inlet pipe 105, and water inlet pipe 105 is complete pipes, and section 106 seals.Enter the sparge pipe 110 that enters an oriented under shed behind the evaporimeter 100, middle hot waste water is vertically attacked water spraying tray directly, and is formed thin layer flowing water, two side flow to the left and right along the flat surface of water spraying tray after the long and narrow spout ejection downwards of sparge pipe 110.The saturation pressure of hot waste water temperature correspondence during pressure in the evaporimeter is lower than, so, the thin layer flowing water flash vaporization at once that middle hot waste water forms.
The structure of sparge pipe 110 is exactly that middle hot waste water can carry out flash distillation up hill and dale for hot waste water in making forms sufficient extended surface.The variation that hydraulic pressure reduced during hot waste water flowed in sparge pipe 110 in considering, for this reason, the long and narrow spout of sparge pipe 110 is divided into several sections: the narrow thin spout the when hydraulic pressure of section 107 expression is high, section 108 expressions be middle hydraulic pressure the time spout, section 109 expressions be low hydraulic pressure the time wide spout.Can also be divided into more multistage, each segment length about equally, purpose is exactly at sparge pipe total length direction water spray evenly.In addition, sparge pipe terminal 111 is openings, purpose be in discharging in the hot waste water than bigger material.
Fig. 4 has provided the water spraying tray structure chart of low level directly-heated machine embodiment evaporimeter of the present invention.
The main body of water spraying tray 120 is base plates of horizontally disposed rectangle, and its length is about 3/4ths of evaporator tube length, and its width is about 2/3rds of evaporator tube diameter.Its top bending is end plate 121 to top, and a hole 122 is arranged on the end plate 121, and this hole is for supporting the through hole of sparge pipe.Another function of end plate 121 is to prevent that sparge pipe institute water jet from spilling from the end at top.Three edges of other of base plate 123 are naked limit, and sparge pipe institute water jet fully stretches on base plate 123 and shakeouts, and forms skim water,, flows to three without any the naked edge that stops left to the right then forward, forms the very water curtain of book, sprays downwards.Water spraying tray cooperates with sparge pipe, and purpose is exactly that sufficient current with middle hot waste water launch, in order to carry out flash distillation completely.
Fig. 5 has provided the condenser structure figure of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention.
Heating recirculated water enters closed shell and tube condenser 300 by feed pump by water inlet pipe 320, enters in a plurality of hot-water lines 340 pipes of level, by the outer steam heat-exchanging of tube wall and pipe, the steam heat release, by tube wall heating recirculated water, the heat of steam has improved circulating water temperature.Heating recirculated water in condenser 300 after the several flow processs of process are heated, flows out by outlet pipe 310.
From the steam from evaporimeter that steam channel 150 is come in, in condenser 300, walk around deflection plate 330, curve flows, simultaneously at hot-water line 340 outside wall surface condensation heats.The condensate water of gathering of condenser 300 bottoms flows out by condensate pipe 350.
Above the end of condenser 300, an exhaust tube 302 is arranged, it connects vavuum pump.By exhaust tube 302, vavuum pump is constantly extracted the on-condensible gas in the condenser 300 out, and main is exactly the dissolved gas that middle hot waste water is separated out, and leaked-in air in the system, thereby can guarantee intrasystem vacuum, guarantee the evaporimeter flash temperature, guarantee the condensing heat exchanger efficient heat transfer.
Claims (6)
1. low level directly-heated machine, its primary structure comprises: evaporimeter, condenser and deacration device, evaporimeter and condenser are presented down setting, and the flash distillation in evaporimeter of middle hot waste water produces steam, between evaporimeter and condenser steam channel is arranged, steam enters the condenser condensation heat, the deacration device picks out from the condenser top, it is characterized in that: said evaporimeter set up and down and condenser, wherein, evaporimeter is last, and condenser is following.
2. according to the described low level directly-heated of claim 1 machine, it is characterized in that: described evaporimeter is horizontal pressure vessel, and its structure comprises: cylindrical shell, end socket, steam channel, water inlet pipe, sparge pipe, water spraying tray, ponding chamber, drainpipe and support; Middle hot waste water enters evaporimeter by water inlet pipe, spray downwards from the long and narrow spout of sparge pipe, flow along the water spraying tray surface, and trickle downwards at the water spraying tray edge, flash vaporization simultaneously, the steam of generation enters condenser by steam channel, the remaining waste water of flash distillation, enter drainpipe, discharge through suction pump again.
3. according to the described low level directly-heated of claim 2 machine, it is characterized in that: described sparge pipe is for being horizontally disposed with, its length is about 2/3rds of evaporator tube length, sparge pipe has long and narrow spout downwards along total length, long and narrow spout is divided into several sections: the narrow thin spout when beginning section hydraulic pressure is high, the spout in the stage casing during hydraulic pressure, wide spout during the low hydraulic pressure of latter end, the sparge pipe terminal is uncovered, in discharging in the hot waste water than bigger material.
4. according to the described low level directly-heated of claim 2 machine, it is characterized in that: described water spraying tray, its main body is the base plate of horizontally disposed rectangle, its length is about 3/4ths of evaporator tube length, its width is about 2/3rds of evaporator tube diameter, and its top bending is end plate to top, and a hole is arranged on the end plate, for supporting the through hole of sparge pipe, three edges of other of base plate are naked limit.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 described low level directly-heated machines, it is characterized in that: described condenser, it is a horizontal shell and tube exchanger, and its structure comprises: cylindrical shell, steam channel, exhaust tube, support, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe, hot-water line, deflection plate, condensate pipe and base; The recirculated water that heats enters condenser by water inlet pipe, flows in a plurality of hot-water lines of level, by the outer steam heat-exchanging of tube wall and pipe, after the several flow processs of process are heated, flows out by outlet pipe; From the steam that steam channel is come in, walk around deflection plate, the curve condensation heat that flows; The condensate water of gathering of condenser bottom flows out by condensate pipe; Above condenser ends, an exhaust tube is arranged, it connects vavuum pump, extracts the on-condensible gas in the condenser out.
6. according to the described low level directly-heated of claim 1 machine, it is characterized in that: described deacration device, it is a water-ring vacuum pump, and its bleeding point is connected the exhaust tube outlet of condenser ends top, can continue to extract out the on-condensible gas that condenser contains steam.
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| CN201210398103.9A CN103185362B (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2012-10-08 | Low level directly-heated machine |
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| CN201210398103.9A CN103185362B (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2012-10-08 | Low level directly-heated machine |
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| CN103185362A true CN103185362A (en) | 2013-07-03 |
| CN103185362B CN103185362B (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103908794A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-09 | 潍坊汇韬化工有限公司 | Energy-efficient energy-saving rectification (distillation) device |
| CN107110576A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-08-29 | 株式会社Lg化学 | High vacuum condensers in series system |
| CN105091062B (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2018-07-06 | 哈尔滨工大金涛科技股份有限公司 | Directly-heated machine |
| CN108439513A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-08-24 | 长沙鑫本药业有限公司 | Waste water low-temperature atomizing evaporator |
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| CN202048820U (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-11-23 | 秦皇岛同力达冶金化工设备有限公司 | Special heat exchanger for blast furnace slag flushing water |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103908794A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-09 | 潍坊汇韬化工有限公司 | Energy-efficient energy-saving rectification (distillation) device |
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| CN105091062B (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2018-07-06 | 哈尔滨工大金涛科技股份有限公司 | Directly-heated machine |
| CN107110576A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-08-29 | 株式会社Lg化学 | High vacuum condensers in series system |
| CN107110576B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2020-07-17 | 株式会社Lg化学 | High vacuum series condenser system |
| US10962289B2 (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2021-03-30 | Lg Chem Ltd. | High-vacuum serial condenser system |
| CN108439513A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-08-24 | 长沙鑫本药业有限公司 | Waste water low-temperature atomizing evaporator |
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|---|---|
| CN103185362B (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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