CN103182591B - Welding process for ultra-thick high-strength quenched and tempered S500Q steel plates for hydraulic turbine - Google Patents
Welding process for ultra-thick high-strength quenched and tempered S500Q steel plates for hydraulic turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103182591B CN103182591B CN201310077249.8A CN201310077249A CN103182591B CN 103182591 B CN103182591 B CN 103182591B CN 201310077249 A CN201310077249 A CN 201310077249A CN 103182591 B CN103182591 B CN 103182591B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 282
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a welding process for steel plates, in particular to a welding process for ultra-thick high-strength quenched and tempered S500Q steel plates for a hydraulic turbine. The welding process comprises the following steps: weldability analysis, selection of welding materials, preparation of a welding groove, preheating temperature, selection of preheating temperature and interpass temperature, groove cleaning, welding of a test plate, dehydrogenation treatment of the test plate, stress relief heat treatment of the test plate, inspection of the test plate, and workpiece welding. The welding process for the ultra-thick high-strength quenched and tempered S500Q steel plates for the hydraulic turbine has the advantages of high welding strength, high welding precision, improved running reliability of the products and prolonged service life of the whole machine set.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of Plate Welding technique, particularly a kind of high-strength modified spy thick S500Q Plate Welding technique being applied to the hydraulic turbine.
Background technology
High water head franc turbine seat ring is owing to requiring it is very strict to its strength and stiffness, and in manufacturing and designing at home, seat ring entirety adopts conventional Q345R steel plate, causes in the past, and the size of seat ring often bigger than normal, weight lays particular stress on, and manufacturing cost is very high.The manufacturing experience of foreign, in the stay ring design of high water head franc turbine, fixed guide vane adopts high-strength hardened and tempered steel plate S500Q (Europe superscript EN10025), on seat ring, lower ring plate and support still adopt the manufacture of conventional Q345R steel plate, in the constant situation of guarantee seat ring intensity, significantly can reduce design size and the weight of seat ring, reduce manufacturing cost.This high-strength hardened and tempered steel plate S500Q is Europe superscript steel plate, be inlet plate and the maximum gauge of the at present supply of material by the end of 150mm, successful use thickness in hydraulic turbine industry is 50mm, research and development thickness modified S500Q Plate Welding technique high-strength more than 150mm super thick, and on high strength high water head seat ring successful Application, bring new research and development field to Design of Hydraulic Turbine.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly solves the deficiencies in the prior art, analysis and research super thick S500Q Plate Welding technique, Successful utilization in high water head franc turbine seat ring, solve in manufacturing uses conventional Q345R steel plate to cause the defect that the size of seat ring is bigger than normal, weight lays particular stress in the past, improve unit operation reliability, extend the high-strength modified spy thick S500Q Plate Welding technique being applied to the hydraulic turbine in unit service life.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
Be applied to a high-strength modified spy thick S500Q Plate Welding technique for the hydraulic turbine, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), weldability analysis:
When S500Q steel plate thickness is less than 50mm, Ceq is≤0.47%, when S500Q steel plate thickness is greater than 50mm, Ceq is≤0.70%, and the welding performance of material is poor during Ceq >=0.55% of S500Q steel plate, easily cold crack is there is during welding, larger at the coarse grain zone cold cracking inclination of welding heat affected zone, there is brittle tendency, cause joint toughness to decline;
(2), welding material is selected:
S500Q Plate Welding cold cracking inclination is very large, needs the strict hydrogen content controlling welding material, selects low hydrogen type welding material, the hydrogen content 2ml/100g ~ 4ml/100g of low hydrogen type welding material, adopts E81T1-Ni1C flux-cored wire at CO
2weld under gas shield, the diameter of welding wire is 1.2mm, and electric current during welding is 120 ~ 300A;
(3), bevel for welding prepares:
For ensureing that the larger weldment of thickness can through welding, often slab weldment joint edges is processed into groove, groove, except guarantee through welding, plays a part to regulate base metals and filling metal ratio;
The selection of slope type: 1), when the workpiece grooves pattern that thickness is identical is double U-groove: carry out two sides welding, be heated evenly during welding, be out of shape less, welding rod consumption is less; Increase root face P and circular arc R size, the length of root face P is 1 ~ 6mm, and the length of circular arc R is 6 ~ 15mm;
2) slope type that, works when thickness is not identical is two single bevel grooves;
(4), preheat temperature and interlayer temperature are selected:
During Ceq >=0.55% of S500Q steel plate, cold cracking inclination is large, for preventing the generation of cold crack, need to carry out preheating, the thermograde produced when reducing welding, reduce welding stress, prevent crackle from producing, calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, infrared ray heating plate is utilized to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150 ~ 200 DEG C, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, not only meet welding requirements but also there is operability, and test plate (panel) heat-preservation cotton is incubated, in the process of welding, the temperature of test plate (panel) is not less than 150 DEG C,
(5), groove cleaning:
Use sanding machine polishing to remove groove both sides 20mm scope internal oxidition skin and rusty stain, prevent from producing pore in welding process, being mingled with;
(6), test plate (panel) welding:
Employing thickness is that the test piece for welding of 230mm carries out test weld, and welding adopts multi-pass welding welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, the electric current of welding is 260 ~ 300A, the voltage of welding is 28 ~ 32V, and the speed of welding is 25 ~ 30cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2 ~ 23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: be often soldered together, the coating of flux-cored wire is removed with pneumatic shovel, carry out interlayer cleaning, starting lower road welding pre-test interlayer temperature, interlayer temperature is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, use double-sided symmetrical welds, every face is welded to≤30mm thickness time turn over a body, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with sanding machine polishing to after seeing metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to test plate (panel), weld another side again, the number of times stood up in welding process is 8 ~ 10 times, stands up pre-test welding deformation amount, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
(7), test plate (panel) disappears hydrogen process:
When the risk of cold crack is very high time, the rate of release of hydrogen should be accelerated, maintain minimum weld interpass temperature, when test plate (panel) is welded to 100mm thickness, 2/3 thickness time and after welding completes, utilize infrared ray heating plate to heat to test plate (panel) respectively, the temperature of heating is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, be incubated after heating, the time of insulation is not less than 2 hours, makes hydrogen in weld seam accelerate effusion, prevents gathering of hydrogen in weld seam and cause hydrogen induced cracking;
(8), test plate (panel) destressing heat treatment:
Test plate (panel) is placed in heat-treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment by postwelding, first freely be warming up to >=100 DEG C, 570 ~ 590 DEG C are heated to afterwards by the firing rate of 50 DEG C/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, after be cooled to 150 DEG C with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 DEG C/h after come out of the stove, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and the object improving joint microstructure and performance to play;
(9), test plate (panel) is checked:
Test piece for welding NDT passed examination, test plate (panel) stretches, bending, impulse machine performance test is qualified;
(10), workpiece welding:
1), preheating: calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, infrared ray heating plate is utilized to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150 ~ 200 DEG C, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, not only meet welding requirements but also have operability, and be incubated workpiece heat-preservation cotton, in the process of welding, the temperature of workpiece is not less than 150 DEG C;
2), cleaning groove: use sanding machine polishing to remove groove both sides 20mm scope internal oxidition skin and rusty stain, prevent from producing pore in welding process, being mingled with;
3), welding: the workpiece that will weld welds, and welding adopts multi-pass welding welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, the electric current of welding is 260 ~ 300A, the voltage of welding is 28 ~ 32V, and the speed of welding is 25 ~ 30cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2 ~ 23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: be often soldered together, the coating of flux-cored wire is removed with pneumatic shovel, carry out interlayer cleaning, starting lower road welding pre-test interlayer temperature, interlayer temperature is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, use double-sided symmetrical welds, every face is welded to≤30mm thickness time turn over a body, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with sanding machine polishing to after seeing metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to workpiece, weld another side again, the number of times stood up in welding process is 8 ~ 10 times, stands up pre-test welding deformation amount, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
4), disappear hydrogen process: when the risk of cold crack is very high time, the rate of release of hydrogen should be accelerated, maintain minimum weld interpass temperature, when workpiece is welded to 100mm thickness, 2/3 thickness time and after welding completes, utilize infrared ray heating plate to heat to workpiece respectively, the temperature of heating is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, be incubated after heating, the time of insulation, for being not less than 2 hours, making hydrogen in weld seam accelerate effusion, prevents gathering of hydrogen in weld seam and cause hydrogen induced cracking;
5), destressing heat treatment: workpiece is placed in heat-treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment by postwelding, first freely be warming up to >=100 DEG C, 570 ~ 590 DEG C are heated to afterwards by the firing rate of 50 DEG C/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, after be cooled to 150 DEG C with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 DEG C/h after come out of the stove, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and the object improving joint microstructure and performance to play.
Therefore, the high-strength modified spy thick S500Q Plate Welding technique being applied to the hydraulic turbine provided by the invention, weld strength is high, and welding precision is high, improving product operational reliability, extends the service life of whole unit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: a kind of high-strength modified spy thick S500Q Plate Welding technique being applied to the hydraulic turbine, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), weldability analysis:
When S500Q steel plate thickness is less than 50mm, Ceq is≤0.47%, when S500Q steel plate thickness is greater than 50mm, Ceq is≤0.70%, and the welding performance of material is poor during Ceq >=0.55% of S500Q steel plate, easily cold crack is there is during welding, larger at the coarse grain zone cold cracking inclination of welding heat affected zone, there is brittle tendency, cause joint toughness to decline;
(2), welding material is selected:
S500Q Plate Welding cold cracking inclination is very large, needs the strict hydrogen content controlling welding material, selects low hydrogen type welding material, the hydrogen content 2ml/100g of low hydrogen type welding material, adopts E81T1-Ni1C flux-cored wire at CO
2weld under gas shield, the diameter of welding wire is 1.2mm, and electric current during welding is 120A;
(3), bevel for welding prepares:
For ensureing that the larger weldment of thickness can through welding, often slab weldment joint edges is processed into groove, groove, except guarantee through welding, plays a part to regulate base metals and filling metal ratio;
The selection of slope type: 1), when the workpiece grooves pattern that thickness is identical is double U-groove: carry out two sides welding, be heated evenly during welding, be out of shape less, welding rod consumption is less; Increase root face P and circular arc R size, the length of root face P is 1mm, and the length of circular arc R is 6mm;
2) slope type that, works when thickness is not identical is two single bevel grooves;
(4), preheat temperature and interlayer temperature are selected:
During Ceq >=0.55% of S500Q steel plate, cold cracking inclination is large, for preventing the generation of cold crack, need to carry out preheating, the thermograde produced when reducing welding, reduce welding stress, prevent crackle from producing, calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150 DEG C, the time of preheat temperature, interlayer temperature was 200 DEG C, not only meets welding requirements but also have operability in order to be not less than 1 hour, and test plate (panel) heat-preservation cotton is incubated, in the process of welding, the temperature of test plate (panel) is not less than 150 DEG C;
(5), groove cleaning:
Use sanding machine polishing to remove groove both sides 20mm scope internal oxidition skin and rusty stain, prevent from producing pore in welding process, being mingled with;
(6), test plate (panel) welding:
Employing thickness is that the test piece for welding of 230mm carries out test weld, and welding adopts multi-pass welding welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 260A, and the voltage of welding is 28V, and the speed of welding is 25cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: be often soldered together, the coating of flux-cored wire is removed with pneumatic shovel, carry out interlayer cleaning, starting lower road welding pre-test interlayer temperature, interlayer temperature is 200 DEG C, use double-sided symmetrical welds, every face is welded to≤30mm thickness time turn over a body, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with sanding machine polishing to after seeing metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to test plate (panel), weld another side again, the number of times stood up in welding process is 8 times, stands up pre-test welding deformation amount, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
(7), test plate (panel) disappears hydrogen process:
When the risk of cold crack is very high time, the rate of release of hydrogen should be accelerated, maintain minimum weld interpass temperature, when test plate (panel) is welded to 100mm thickness, 2/3 thickness time and after welding completes, utilize infrared ray heating plate to heat to test plate (panel) respectively, the temperature of heating is 200 DEG C, be incubated after heating, the time of insulation is not less than 2 hours, makes hydrogen in weld seam accelerate effusion, prevents gathering of hydrogen in weld seam and cause hydrogen induced cracking;
(8), test plate (panel) destressing heat treatment:
Test plate (panel) is placed in heat-treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment by postwelding, first freely be warming up to >=100 DEG C, 570 DEG C are heated to afterwards by the firing rate of 50 DEG C/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, after be cooled to 150 DEG C with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 DEG C/h after come out of the stove, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and the object improving joint microstructure and performance to play;
(9), test plate (panel) is checked:
Test piece for welding NDT passed examination, test plate (panel) stretches, bending, impulse machine performance test is qualified;
(10), workpiece welding:
1), preheating: calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, infrared ray heating plate is utilized to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150 DEG C, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 200 DEG C, not only meet welding requirements but also have operability, and be incubated workpiece heat-preservation cotton, in the process of welding, the temperature of workpiece is not less than 150 DEG C;
2), cleaning groove: use sanding machine polishing to remove groove both sides 20mm scope internal oxidition skin and rusty stain, prevent from producing pore in welding process, being mingled with;
3), welding: the workpiece that will weld welds, and welding adopts multi-pass welding welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 260A, and the voltage of welding is 28V, and the speed of welding is 25cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: be often soldered together, the coating of flux-cored wire is removed with pneumatic shovel, carry out interlayer cleaning, starting lower road welding pre-test interlayer temperature, interlayer temperature is 200 DEG C, use double-sided symmetrical welds, every face is welded to≤30mm thickness time turn over a body, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with sanding machine polishing to after seeing metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to workpiece, weld another side again, the number of times stood up in welding process is 8 times, stands up pre-test welding deformation amount, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
4), disappear hydrogen process: when the risk of cold crack is very high time, the rate of release of hydrogen should be accelerated, maintain minimum weld interpass temperature, when workpiece is welded to 100mm thickness, 2/3 thickness time and after welding completes, utilize infrared ray heating plate to heat to workpiece respectively, the temperature of heating is 200 DEG C, be incubated after heating, the time of insulation, for being not less than 2 hours, making hydrogen in weld seam accelerate effusion, prevents gathering of hydrogen in weld seam and cause hydrogen induced cracking;
5), destressing heat treatment: workpiece is placed in heat-treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment by postwelding, first freely be warming up to >=100 DEG C, 570 DEG C are heated to afterwards by the firing rate of 50 DEG C/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, after be cooled to 150 DEG C with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 DEG C/h after come out of the stove, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and the object improving joint microstructure and performance to play.
Embodiment 2: a kind of high-strength modified spy thick S500Q Plate Welding technique being applied to the hydraulic turbine, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), weldability analysis:
When S500Q steel plate thickness is less than 50mm, Ceq is≤0.47%, when S500Q steel plate thickness is greater than 50mm, Ceq is≤0.70%, and the welding performance of material is poor during Ceq >=0.55% of S500Q steel plate, easily cold crack is there is during welding, larger at the coarse grain zone cold cracking inclination of welding heat affected zone, there is brittle tendency, cause joint toughness to decline;
(2), welding material is selected:
S500Q Plate Welding cold cracking inclination is very large, needs the strict hydrogen content controlling welding material, selects low hydrogen type welding material, the hydrogen content 3ml/100g of low hydrogen type welding material, adopts E81T1-Ni1C flux-cored wire at CO
2weld under gas shield, the diameter of welding wire is 1.2mm, and electric current during welding is 200A;
(3), bevel for welding prepares:
For ensureing that the larger weldment of thickness can through welding, often slab weldment joint edges is processed into groove, groove, except guarantee through welding, plays a part to regulate base metals and filling metal ratio;
The selection of slope type: 1), when the workpiece grooves pattern that thickness is identical is double U-groove: carry out two sides welding, be heated evenly during welding, be out of shape less, welding rod consumption is less; Increase root face P and circular arc R size, the length of root face P is 3mm, and the length of circular arc R is 10mm;
2) slope type that, works when thickness is not identical is two single bevel grooves;
(4), preheat temperature and interlayer temperature are selected:
During Ceq >=0.55% of S500Q steel plate, cold cracking inclination is large, for preventing the generation of cold crack, need to carry out preheating, the thermograde produced when reducing welding, reduce welding stress, prevent crackle from producing, calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 180 DEG C, the time of preheat temperature, interlayer temperature was 220 DEG C, not only meets welding requirements but also have operability in order to be not less than 1 hour, and test plate (panel) heat-preservation cotton is incubated, in the process of welding, the temperature of test plate (panel) is not less than 150 DEG C;
(5), groove cleaning:
Use sanding machine polishing to remove groove both sides 20mm scope internal oxidition skin and rusty stain, prevent from producing pore in welding process, being mingled with;
(6), test plate (panel) welding:
Employing thickness is that the test piece for welding of 230mm carries out test weld, and welding adopts multi-pass welding welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 280A, and the voltage of welding is 30V, and the speed of welding is 27cm/min, and weld heat input is 20KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: be often soldered together, the coating of flux-cored wire is removed with pneumatic shovel, carry out interlayer cleaning, starting lower road welding pre-test interlayer temperature, interlayer temperature is 220 DEG C, use double-sided symmetrical welds, every face is welded to≤30mm thickness time turn over a body, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with sanding machine polishing to after seeing metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to test plate (panel), weld another side again, the number of times stood up in welding process is 9 times, stands up pre-test welding deformation amount, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
(7), test plate (panel) disappears hydrogen process:
When the risk of cold crack is very high time, the rate of release of hydrogen should be accelerated, maintain minimum weld interpass temperature, when test plate (panel) is welded to 100mm thickness, 2/3 thickness time and after welding completes, utilize infrared ray heating plate to heat to test plate (panel) respectively, the temperature of heating is 220 DEG C, be incubated after heating, the time of insulation is not less than 2 hours, makes hydrogen in weld seam accelerate effusion, prevents gathering of hydrogen in weld seam and cause hydrogen induced cracking;
(8), test plate (panel) destressing heat treatment:
Test plate (panel) is placed in heat-treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment by postwelding, first freely be warming up to >=100 DEG C, 580 DEG C are heated to afterwards by the firing rate of 50 DEG C/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, after be cooled to 150 DEG C with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 DEG C/h after come out of the stove, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and the object improving joint microstructure and performance to play;
(9), test plate (panel) is checked:
Test piece for welding NDT passed examination, test plate (panel) stretches, bending, impulse machine performance test is qualified;
(10), workpiece welding:
1), preheating: calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, infrared ray heating plate is utilized to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 180 DEG C, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 220 DEG C, not only meet welding requirements but also have operability, and be incubated workpiece heat-preservation cotton, in the process of welding, the temperature of workpiece is not less than 150 DEG C;
2), cleaning groove: use sanding machine polishing to remove groove both sides 20mm scope internal oxidition skin and rusty stain, prevent from producing pore in welding process, being mingled with;
3), welding: the workpiece that will weld welds, and welding adopts multi-pass welding welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 280A, and the voltage of welding is 30V, and the speed of welding is 28cm/min, and weld heat input is 20KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: be often soldered together, the coating of flux-cored wire is removed with pneumatic shovel, carry out interlayer cleaning, starting lower road welding pre-test interlayer temperature, interlayer temperature is 220 DEG C, use double-sided symmetrical welds, every face is welded to≤30mm thickness time turn over a body, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with sanding machine polishing to after seeing metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to workpiece, weld another side again, the number of times stood up in welding process is 9 times, stands up pre-test welding deformation amount, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
4), disappear hydrogen process: when the risk of cold crack is very high time, the rate of release of hydrogen should be accelerated, maintain minimum weld interpass temperature, when workpiece is welded to 100mm thickness, 2/3 thickness time and after welding completes, utilize infrared ray heating plate to heat to workpiece respectively, the temperature of heating is 220 DEG C, be incubated after heating, the time of insulation, for being not less than 2 hours, making hydrogen in weld seam accelerate effusion, prevents gathering of hydrogen in weld seam and cause hydrogen induced cracking;
5), destressing heat treatment: workpiece is placed in heat-treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment by postwelding, first freely be warming up to >=100 DEG C, 580 DEG C are heated to afterwards by the firing rate of 50 DEG C/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, after be cooled to 150 DEG C with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 DEG C/h after come out of the stove, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and the object improving joint microstructure and performance to play.
Embodiment 3: a kind of high-strength modified spy thick S500Q Plate Welding technique being applied to the hydraulic turbine, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), weldability analysis:
When S500Q steel plate thickness is less than 50mm, Ceq is≤0.47%, when S500Q steel plate thickness is greater than 50mm, Ceq is≤0.70%, and the welding performance of material is poor during Ceq >=0.55% of S500Q steel plate, easily cold crack is there is during welding, larger at the coarse grain zone cold cracking inclination of welding heat affected zone, there is brittle tendency, cause joint toughness to decline;
(2), welding material is selected:
S500Q Plate Welding cold cracking inclination is very large, needs the strict hydrogen content controlling welding material, selects low hydrogen type welding material, the hydrogen content 4ml/100g of low hydrogen type welding material, adopts E81T1-Ni1C flux-cored wire at CO
2weld under gas shield, the diameter of welding wire is 1.2mm, and electric current during welding is 300A;
(3), bevel for welding prepares:
For ensureing that the larger weldment of thickness can through welding, often slab weldment joint edges is processed into groove, groove, except guarantee through welding, plays a part to regulate base metals and filling metal ratio;
The selection of slope type: 1), when the workpiece grooves pattern that thickness is identical is double U-groove: carry out two sides welding, be heated evenly during welding, be out of shape less, welding rod consumption is less; Increase root face P and circular arc R size, the length of root face P is 6mm, and the length of circular arc R is 15mm;
2) slope type that, works when thickness is not identical is two single bevel grooves;
(4), preheat temperature and interlayer temperature are selected:
During Ceq >=0.55% of S500Q steel plate, cold cracking inclination is large, for preventing the generation of cold crack, need to carry out preheating, the thermograde produced when reducing welding, reduce welding stress, prevent crackle from producing, calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 200 DEG C, the time of preheat temperature, interlayer temperature was 250 DEG C, not only meets welding requirements but also have operability in order to be not less than 1 hour, and test plate (panel) heat-preservation cotton is incubated, in the process of welding, the temperature of test plate (panel) is not less than 150 DEG C;
(5), groove cleaning:
Use sanding machine polishing to remove groove both sides 20mm scope internal oxidition skin and rusty stain, prevent from producing pore in welding process, being mingled with;
(6), test plate (panel) welding:
Employing thickness is that the test piece for welding of 230mm carries out test weld, and welding adopts multi-pass welding welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 300A, and the voltage of welding is 28 ~ 32V, and the speed of welding is 30cm/min, and weld heat input is 23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: be often soldered together, the coating of flux-cored wire is removed with pneumatic shovel, carry out interlayer cleaning, starting lower road welding pre-test interlayer temperature, interlayer temperature is 250 DEG C, use double-sided symmetrical welds, every face is welded to≤30mm thickness time turn over a body, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with sanding machine polishing to after seeing metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to test plate (panel), weld another side again, the number of times stood up in welding process is 10 times, stands up pre-test welding deformation amount, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
(7), test plate (panel) disappears hydrogen process:
When the risk of cold crack is very high time, the rate of release of hydrogen should be accelerated, maintain minimum weld interpass temperature, when test plate (panel) is welded to 100mm thickness, 2/3 thickness time and after welding completes, utilize infrared ray heating plate to heat to test plate (panel) respectively, the temperature of heating is 250 DEG C, be incubated after heating, the time of insulation is not less than 2 hours, makes hydrogen in weld seam accelerate effusion, prevents gathering of hydrogen in weld seam and cause hydrogen induced cracking;
(8), test plate (panel) destressing heat treatment:
Test plate (panel) is placed in heat-treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment by postwelding, first freely be warming up to >=100 DEG C, 590 DEG C are heated to afterwards by the firing rate of 50 DEG C/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, after be cooled to 150 DEG C with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 DEG C/h after come out of the stove, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and the object improving joint microstructure and performance to play;
(9), test plate (panel) is checked:
Test piece for welding NDT passed examination, test plate (panel) stretches, bending, impulse machine performance test is qualified;
(10), workpiece welding:
1), preheating: calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, infrared ray heating plate is utilized to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 200 DEG C, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 250 DEG C, not only meet welding requirements but also have operability, and be incubated workpiece heat-preservation cotton, in the process of welding, the temperature of workpiece is not less than 150 DEG C;
2), cleaning groove: use sanding machine polishing to remove groove both sides 20mm scope internal oxidition skin and rusty stain, prevent from producing pore in welding process, being mingled with;
3), welding: the workpiece that will weld welds, and welding adopts multi-pass welding welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 300A, and the voltage of welding is 32V, and the speed of welding is 30cm/min, and weld heat input is 23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: be often soldered together, the coating of flux-cored wire is removed with pneumatic shovel, carry out interlayer cleaning, starting lower road welding pre-test interlayer temperature, interlayer temperature is 250 DEG C, use double-sided symmetrical welds, every face is welded to≤30mm thickness time turn over a body, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with sanding machine polishing to after seeing metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to workpiece, weld another side again, the number of times stood up in welding process is 10 times, stands up pre-test welding deformation amount, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
4), disappear hydrogen process: when the risk of cold crack is very high time, the rate of release of hydrogen should be accelerated, maintain minimum weld interpass temperature, when workpiece is welded to 100mm thickness, 2/3 thickness time and after welding completes, utilize infrared ray heating plate to heat to workpiece respectively, the temperature of heating is 250 DEG C, be incubated after heating, the time of insulation, for being not less than 2 hours, making hydrogen in weld seam accelerate effusion, prevents gathering of hydrogen in weld seam and cause hydrogen induced cracking;
5), destressing heat treatment: workpiece is placed in heat-treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment by postwelding, first freely be warming up to >=100 DEG C, 590 DEG C are heated to afterwards by the firing rate of 50 DEG C/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, after be cooled to 150 DEG C with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 DEG C/h after come out of the stove, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and the object improving joint microstructure and performance to play.
Claims (1)
1. be applied to a high-strength modified spy thick S500Q Plate Welding technique for the hydraulic turbine, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1), weldability analysis:
When S500Q steel plate thickness is less than 50mm, Ceq is≤0.47%, when S500Q steel plate thickness is greater than 50mm, Ceq is≤0.70%, and the welding performance of material is poor during Ceq >=0.55% of S500Q steel plate, easily cold crack is there is during welding, larger at the coarse grain zone cold cracking inclination of welding heat affected zone, there is brittle tendency, cause joint toughness to decline;
(2), welding material is selected:
S500Q Plate Welding cold cracking inclination is very large, needs the strict hydrogen content controlling welding material, selects low hydrogen type welding material, the hydrogen content 2ml/100g ~ 4ml/100g of low hydrogen type welding material, adopts E81T1-Ni1C flux-cored wire at CO
2weld under gas shield, the diameter of welding wire is 1.2mm, and electric current during welding is 120 ~ 300A;
(3), bevel for welding prepares:
For ensureing that the larger weldment of thickness can through welding, often slab weldment joint edges is processed into groove, groove, except guarantee through welding, plays a part to regulate base metals and filling metal ratio;
The selection of slope type: 1), when the workpiece grooves pattern that thickness is identical is double U-groove: carry out two sides welding, be heated evenly during welding, be out of shape less, welding rod consumption is less; Increase root face P and circular arc R size, the length of root face P is 1 ~ 6mm, and the length of circular arc R is 6 ~ 15mm;
2) slope type that, works when thickness is not identical is two single bevel grooves;
(4), preheat temperature and interlayer temperature are selected:
During Ceq >=0.55% of S500Q steel plate, cold cracking inclination is large, for preventing the generation of cold crack, need to carry out preheating, the thermograde produced when reducing welding, reduce welding stress, prevent crackle from producing, calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, infrared ray heating plate is utilized to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150 ~ 200 DEG C, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, not only meet welding requirements but also there is operability, and test plate (panel) heat-preservation cotton is incubated, in the process of welding, the temperature of test plate (panel) is not less than 150 DEG C,
(5), groove cleaning:
Use sanding machine polishing to remove groove both sides 20mm scope internal oxidition skin and rusty stain, prevent from producing pore in welding process, being mingled with;
(6), test plate (panel) welding:
Employing thickness is that the test piece for welding of 230mm carries out test weld, and welding adopts multi-pass welding welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, the electric current of welding is 260 ~ 300A, the voltage of welding is 28 ~ 32V, and the speed of welding is 25 ~ 30cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2 ~ 23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: be often soldered together, the coating of flux-cored wire is removed with pneumatic shovel, carry out interlayer cleaning, starting lower road welding pre-test interlayer temperature, interlayer temperature is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, use double-sided symmetrical welds, every face is welded to≤30mm thickness time turn over a body, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with sanding machine polishing to after seeing metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to test plate (panel), weld another side again, the number of times stood up in welding process is 8 ~ 10 times, stands up pre-test welding deformation amount, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
(7), test plate (panel) disappears hydrogen process:
When the risk of cold crack is very high time, the rate of release of hydrogen should be accelerated, maintain minimum weld interpass temperature, when test plate (panel) is welded to 100mm thickness, 2/3 thickness time and after welding completes, utilize infrared ray heating plate to heat to test plate (panel) respectively, the temperature of heating is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, be incubated after heating, the time of insulation is not less than 2 hours, makes hydrogen in weld seam accelerate effusion, prevents gathering of hydrogen in weld seam and cause hydrogen induced cracking;
(8), test plate (panel) destressing heat treatment:
Test plate (panel) is placed in heat-treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment by postwelding, first freely be warming up to >=100 DEG C, 570 ~ 590 DEG C are heated to afterwards by the firing rate of 50 DEG C/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, after be cooled to 150 DEG C with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 DEG C/h after come out of the stove, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and the object improving joint microstructure and performance to play;
(9), test plate (panel) is checked:
Test piece for welding NDT passed examination, test plate (panel) stretches, bending, impulse machine performance test is qualified;
(10), workpiece welding:
1), preheating: calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, infrared ray heating plate is utilized to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150 ~ 200 DEG C, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, not only meet welding requirements but also have operability, and be incubated workpiece heat-preservation cotton, in the process of welding, the temperature of workpiece is not less than 150 DEG C;
2), cleaning groove: use sanding machine polishing to remove groove both sides 20mm scope internal oxidition skin and rusty stain, prevent from producing pore in welding process, being mingled with;
3), welding: the workpiece that will weld welds, and welding adopts multi-pass welding welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, the electric current of welding is 260 ~ 300A, the voltage of welding is 28 ~ 32V, and the speed of welding is 25 ~ 30cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2 ~ 23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: be often soldered together, the coating of flux-cored wire is removed with pneumatic shovel, carry out interlayer cleaning, starting lower road welding pre-test interlayer temperature, interlayer temperature is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, use double-sided symmetrical welds, every face is welded to≤30mm thickness time turn over a body, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with sanding machine polishing to after seeing metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to workpiece, weld another side again, the number of times stood up in welding process is 8 ~ 10 times, stands up pre-test welding deformation amount, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
4), disappear hydrogen process: when the risk of cold crack is very high time, the rate of release of hydrogen should be accelerated, maintain minimum weld interpass temperature, when workpiece is welded to 100mm thickness, 2/3 thickness time and after welding completes, utilize infrared ray heating plate to heat to workpiece respectively, the temperature of heating is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, be incubated after heating, the time of insulation, for being not less than 2 hours, making hydrogen in weld seam accelerate effusion, prevents gathering of hydrogen in weld seam and cause hydrogen induced cracking;
5), destressing heat treatment: workpiece is placed in heat-treatment furnace and carries out destressing heat treatment by postwelding, first freely be warming up to >=100 DEG C, 570 ~ 590 DEG C are heated to afterwards by the firing rate of 50 DEG C/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, after be cooled to 150 DEG C with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 DEG C/h after come out of the stove, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and the object improving joint microstructure and performance to play.
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| CN106077955A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-09 | 广西安讯科技投资有限公司 | The welding method of fire-fighting drawdown pump peculiar to vessel |
| CN107081506A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-08-22 | 合肥市大卓电力有限责任公司 | A kind of welding procedure of high-strength alloy steel plate |
| CN108723560B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2021-03-19 | 华北水利水电大学 | Heat treatment method for improving low temperature toughness of high strength welded joints |
| CN109807511B (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-12-01 | 重庆科技学院 | In-Service Welding Sleeves with Reduced Propensity for Hydrogen Cracking |
| CN113560698A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-10-29 | 苏州天顺新能源科技有限公司 | Double-head cantilever crane car welding process |
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| CN102009256A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-04-13 | 武昌船舶重工有限责任公司 | Downward and butt welding process for high strength steel for ship structure |
| CN102179606A (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2011-09-14 | 济钢集团有限公司 | Welding process for 1,000MPa level non-quenched and tempered high-strength steel |
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| JPS5341105B1 (en) * | 1970-05-20 | 1978-10-31 | ||
| JPS57199577A (en) * | 1981-06-03 | 1982-12-07 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Production of 21/4cr-1mo welded steel pipe |
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| SU1703323A1 (en) * | 1989-06-09 | 1992-01-07 | Научно-производственное объединение по технологии машиностроения | Method of manufacturing permanent joint |
| CN1923432A (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2007-03-07 | 四川东风电机厂有限公司 | Process for welding hydraulic turbine stainless steel rotary wheel by using flux-cored wire mixture gas protection weldering |
| CN102009256A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-04-13 | 武昌船舶重工有限责任公司 | Downward and butt welding process for high strength steel for ship structure |
| CN102179606A (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2011-09-14 | 济钢集团有限公司 | Welding process for 1,000MPa level non-quenched and tempered high-strength steel |
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