CN103178549A - Control system and control method for photovoltaic auxiliary grid-connected power generation - Google Patents
Control system and control method for photovoltaic auxiliary grid-connected power generation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a control system and a control method for photovoltaic auxiliary grid-connected power generation. The system comprises a direct current voltage boosting module, a direct current limited power voltage transformation module, a grid-connected inverter, a direct current compensation module, an alternating current inverse module, an alternating current switching module, a monitoring module and a control module. The method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic module is opened to perform power generation; whether a public supply network loses power is judged, if the public supply network loses power, the photovoltaic module is used for independently supplying power to a user load; if the public supply network does not lose power, and the generated energy of the photovoltaic module is larger than that of the user load, the photovoltaic module is used for independently supplying power to the user load, at the same time, surplus electric energy is input into the public supply network in a grid-connected way; and if the generated energy of the photovoltaic module is smaller than that of the user load, the public supply network performs direct current compensation to electric energy output by the photovoltaic module. By adopting the control system and the method, the energy use efficiency is high during photovoltaic power generation, and the system is stably operated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the parallel network power generation field, be specifically related to a kind of for auxiliary control system, the control method of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of photovoltaic and the electricity generation system that adopts this control device and control method.
Background technology
Solar photovoltaic generation system can be divided into centralized large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system and the large type of dispersed miniature grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system two.The former main feature be generate electricity and can be delivered directly on electrical network, by the electrical network unified allocation of resources to customer power supply.And the latter, particularly with the Roof of the house photovoltaic generating system of Integration of building, be with the photovoltaic module electricity can directly be assigned to residential customer with on electric loading, unnecessary or not enough electric power is regulated by connecting electrical network.This system also can be divided into and adverse current arranged and without two kinds of forms of adverse current.Wherein, contracurrent system being arranged, is when photovoltaic system produces dump power, this electric energy to be sent into electrical network; When photovoltaic system electric power is inadequate, by the electrical network supplementary power.This system is generally not to be complementary with the load electricity consumption time greater than load or generating dutation for the generating capacity of photovoltaic system to design.Residential system is because the electric weight of output is subjected to the restriction in weather and season, and the free differentiation of electricity consumption for guaranteeing power balance, generally all has been designed to contracurrent system.Having contracurrent system to adopt the method for parallel network reverse to realize can also can be to grid transmission to the user load power transmission.But can not solve following problem like this: when at electrical network for some reason in the dead electricity situation, combining inverter can quit work because of protection " island effect ", causes energy waste.Without contracurrent system, be jointly to power to user load with photovoltaic system generating and electrical network, and when power supply, the photovoltaic system generating can not flow to electrical network, only has when photovoltaic system electric power is inadequate, by the electrical network supplementary power.The power wastage that can cause without contracurrent system when photovoltaic system produces dump power, in order to prevent this waste, some photovoltaic generating systems have increased charging device and storage battery, are used for storing unnecessary electric energy, and are used for the compensation power supply to user load when the photovoltaic module generating capacity is not enough.But the use of charging device and storage battery has increased greatly the construction of system and has safeguarded and drop into.
For this reason, need the auxiliary grid-connected system of a kind of photovoltaic, it can be powered to user load jointly with photovoltaic generation and public electric wire net, and when power supply, the dump power that photovoltaic generation produces can flow to public electric wire net, and " storage " is in public electric wire net.And when photovoltaic generation can not satisfy the power consumption of load, public electric wire net was supplied as a supplement, and can realize following purpose: do not comprise the energy storage devices such as storage battery in (1) photovoltaic generating system; (2) the dump energy input public electric wire net of photovoltaic generation generation, avoided waste; (3) when public electric wire net for some reason in the dead electricity situation, the electric energy that photovoltaic generation produces still can use to user load, has avoided waste; (4) photovoltaic generation is as preferred power supply, and public electric wire net is power supply as a supplement, guarantees efficient, the preferential use of photovoltaic generation.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of for the auxiliary control system of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of photovoltaic that one of purpose of the present invention is to provide, and adopts the grid-connected photovoltaic system of this control system to solve the problems of the technologies described above, and can realize above-mentioned purpose.
Technical solutions according to the invention are as follows:
A kind of for the auxiliary control system of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of photovoltaic, comprise with lower component:
The DC boosting module is connected with photovoltaic module, is used for the direct current that photovoltaic module produces is boosted, and its output is connected with DC compensation module, direct current limit power voltage changing module respectively; Described DC boosting module is made of the first Voltage Feedback testing circuit, a DC-DC converter and the first pwm control circuit.
Direct current limit power voltage changing module is connected with control module with the DC boosting module, and its output is connected with combining inverter, be used for according to control signal, the electric energy more than needed of photovoltaic module output being exported to combining inverter, and then the input public electric wire net; Described direct current limit power voltage changing module is made of the 2nd DC-DC converter, the second pwm control circuit, second voltage feedback sense circuit and tertiary voltage feedback sense circuit.Wherein, control module detects the offset current of public electric wire net output and the output voltage of DC compensation module by monitoring modular, if the DC voltage that public electric wire net is not exported the output of offset current and DC compensation module is the DC voltage after by rectification higher than the public electric wire net civil power, show that the photovoltaic module generating has more than needed, control module was controlled direct current limit power voltage changing module and was increased power output this moment, the grid-connected public electric wire net that exports to of electric energy more than needed that photovoltaic module is sent out; Then continue the offset current of monitoring public electric wire net output and the output voltage of DC compensation module, if the DC voltage that the output of public electric wire net offset current or DC compensation module arranged is the DC voltage after by rectification lower than the public electric wire net civil power, show that photovoltaic module flows to the electric weight of user load inadequate, control direct current limit power voltage changing module this moment and reduce power output, reduce the grid-connected electric weight that exports public electric wire net to, until close direct current limit power voltage changing module, stopping can the grid-connected public electric wire net that exports to by the photovoltaic module electricity
Combining inverter is used for limitting the direct current of power voltage changing module output to be reverse into civil power input public electric wire net direct current, and its output is connected with public electric wire net; Described combining inverter comprises single-phase grid-connected inverter or three-phase grid-connected inverter.
The DC compensation module, be connected with the DC boosting module with public electric wire net, being used for making public electric wire net get civil power at the energy output of photovoltaic module during less than the power consumption of user load can compensate the direct current of DC boosting module output, and the direct current after compensating exports to described ac converter module, and its output is connected with monitoring modular with the ac converter module respectively.Described DC compensation module is made of rectification circuit and DC offset circuit.Concerning user load, when the energy output deficiency of photovoltaic module, first carry out DC compensation by public electric wire net, then the direct current after compensating is reverse into civil power.Wherein, rectification circuit becomes in parallel in dc terminal with the direct current of photovoltaic output after direct current with the commercial power rectification, carries out DC compensation.Adopt the DC compensation mode, be conducive to improve the reliability of circuit, and cost is low.
The ac converter module, its output is connected with user load, and the direct current inversion that is used for the output of DC compensation module is to export to user load after civil power; Described ac converter module is made of DC-AC converter, the 3rd pwm control circuit and the 4th Voltage Feedback testing circuit.Described DC-AC converter comprises sinewave inverter and line filter, and wherein said sinewave inverter adopts single-phase sinewave inverter or three-phase sine wave inverter.
Exchange handover module, be used for the control according to control module, the input current of user load is switched between public electric wire net and ac converter module; Described interchange handover module consists of by exchanging commutation circuit.
Monitoring modular, be used for gathering the voltage signal of the current and voltage signals of public electric wire net output, the current and voltage signals of photovoltaic module output, the current and voltage signals that exchanges handover module output and the output of DC compensation module, and above-mentioned signal is sent to control module; Described monitoring modular is made of the first current/voltage testing circuit, the second current/voltage testing circuit, the 3rd current/voltage testing circuit and voltage detecting circuit.
And control module, be connected with monitoring modular, be used for receiving the current and voltage signals of monitoring modular input and sending control signal according to above-mentioned signal and control respectively DC boosting module, direct current limit power voltage changing module, ac converter module and exchange handover module work.Described control module is made of single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit thereof.
Second goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of photovoltaic to assist grid-connected system, comprises photovoltaic module, public electric wire net and user load, also comprises above-mentioned arbitrary control system.The energy output of described photovoltaic module is at least greater than 10% of the power consumption of user load.To guarantee the energy-saving efficiency of user load.
The 3rd goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of and uses arbitrary control system as above to control the auxiliary method of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of photovoltaic, comprises the following steps:
(1) photovoltaic module is opened and is generated electricity.
(2) control module judges whether dead electricity of public electric wire net.
(3) if the public electric wire net dead electricity, control module output control signal is closed direct current limit power voltage changing module, open DC boosting module and ac converter module, control the interchange handover module ac converter output is switched to user load, by photovoltaic module is independent, user load is powered.
(4) if public electric wire net dead electricity not, the relatively energy output of photovoltaic module and the power consumption of user load of control module.If the energy output of photovoltaic module is greater than the power consumption of user load, control module output control signal starts DC boosting module and ac converter module, control the interchange handover module ac converter output is switched to user load, by photovoltaic module is independent, user load is powered, start simultaneously direct current limit power voltage changing module, the electric energy more than needed that photovoltaic module is sent out is reverse into civil power input public electric wire net by combining inverter, realizes that electric energy more than needed is incorporated into the power networks.Wherein, control module detects the offset current of public electric wire net output and the output voltage of DC compensation module by monitoring modular, if the direct voltage that public electric wire net is not exported the output of offset current and DC compensation module is the direct voltage after by rectification higher than the public electric wire net civil power, show that the photovoltaic module generating has more than needed, control module was controlled direct current limit power voltage changing module and was increased power output this moment, and the electric energy more than needed that photovoltaic module is sent out is incorporated into the power networks and exports public electric wire net to; Then continue the offset current of monitoring public electric wire net output and the output voltage of DC compensation module, if the direct voltage that the output of public electric wire net offset current or DC compensation module arranged is the direct voltage after by rectification lower than the public electric wire net civil power, show that photovoltaic module flows to the electric weight of user load inadequate, control direct current limit power voltage changing module this moment and reduce power output, reducing is incorporated into the power networks exports the electric weight of public electric wire net to, until close direct current limit power voltage changing module, stopping the photovoltaic module electricity can be incorporated into the power networks exports public electric wire net to.
If the energy output of photovoltaic module is less than the power consumption of user load, control module output control signal is closed direct current limit power voltage changing module, and the electric energy of photovoltaic module being exported by public electric wire net carries out DC compensation, jointly powers to user load.
But civil power first is rectified into direct current and then is reverse into exchanging meeting loss part electric energy.Therefore, when the electric energy of photovoltaic module output be less than loss in the civil power compensation process (approximately be no more than user load power consumption 10%) time, for fear of unnecessary inversion energy consumption, improve energy utilization rate, can with this part energy direct grid-connected input public electric wire net of photovoltaic module output, control the interchange handover module and directly use civil power to export to user load.For this reason, described step (4) can also comprise the following steps:
If the energy output of dead electricity and photovoltaic module is not less than the power consumption of user load for public electric wire net, whether the energy output that further judges photovoltaic module less than 10% of the power consumption of user load,
If, start direct current career module and direct current limit power voltage changing module, close the ac converter module, the electric energy of photovoltaic module output all is reverse into civil power input public electric wire net by combining inverter, and control to exchange handover module the output of public electric wire net is switched to user load, by public electric wire net is independent, user load is powered
If not, control module output control signal is closed direct current limit power voltage changing module, and the electric energy of photovoltaic module being exported by public electric wire net carries out DC compensation, and the direct current after compensation is reverse into civil power rear line load supplying through the ac converter module.
Further, said method can also comprise the following steps: if public electric wire net has electricity, and photovoltaic module is output not, control module output control signal is closed direct current limit power voltage changing module, DC boosting module and ac converter module, and control to exchange handover module the output of public electric wire net is switched to user load, by public electric wire net is independent, user load is powered.
Adopt control system of the present invention, control method or photovoltaic generating system, efficiency of energy utilization is high, system run all right; When the photovoltaic module generating is sufficient, preferentially to give the user with the electric energy of photovoltaic module output and use, unnecessary electric energy is exported to public electric wire net; The not enough user load of photovoltaic module generating output electric energy 10% the time, photovoltaic module is exported electric energy exports to public electric wire net, use the energy waste that causes to avoid public electric wire net too much to replenish and directly public electric wire net is supplied with the user; At photovoltaic module output electric energy not enough and more than user load 10% the time, to public electric wire net output electric energy, replenish and do not give the user and use and get the insufficient section electric energy from public electric wire net; When photovoltaic module is not exported, directly public electric wire net is supplied with the user and used; For some reason during dead electricity, limited the coverage of " island effect " at public electric wire net, except combining inverter, the other parts normal operation still can to customer power supply, improve the utilance of photovoltaic generation.And isolated being connected of user and public electric wire net, reduced the load pressure of public electric wire net, only electric energy more than needed has been sent into public electric wire net, reduced when photovoltaic generation networks the impact on public electric wire net.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the auxiliary grid-connected system of photovoltaic of the present invention, wherein assists the structured flowchart of the control system of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems in black surround for photovoltaic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the specific embodiment of the auxiliary grid-connected system of photovoltaic of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the auxiliary control flow chart that generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of photovoltaic of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the auxiliary grid-connected system of photovoltaic of the present invention comprises control system 1 of the present invention, photovoltaic module 2, public electric wire net 3 and user load 4.Wherein, the direct current that described control system 1 produces photovoltaic module 2 is processed into civil power to user load 4 power supplies, also can not generate electricity or control public electric wire net 3 directly to user load 4 power supplies during the loss in being less than the civil power compensation process of the electric power that produces at photovoltaic module 2.When the electric power of photovoltaic module 2 generations has residue, by control system 1, dump power is inputted public electric wire net 3 " storage "; The power shortage that produces when photovoltaic module 2 but surpass user load 10% the time, public electric wire net 3 is powered to user load jointly to control system 1 electric power that affords redress; The power shortage user load that produces when photovoltaic module 2 10% the time, controlled by control system photovoltaic module electricity power directly flowed to public electric wire net 3.
As shown in Figure 2, described control system 1 comprises DC boosting module, direct current limit power voltage changing module, net-connected controller, DC compensation module, ac converter module, exchanges handover module, monitoring modular and control module.
Wherein, described photovoltaic module 1 is connected with the first current/voltage testing circuit with a described DC-DC converter respectively.
The DC boosting module is made of the first Voltage Feedback testing circuit, a DC-DC converter and the first pwm control circuit.The output of the first Voltage Feedback testing circuit is connected with the first pwm control circuit, and the output of the first pwm control circuit is connected with a DC-DC converter.The output of the one DC-DC converter is connected with the second voltage feedback sense circuit with the 2nd DC-DC converter, DC offset circuit, the first Voltage Feedback testing circuit.
Direct current limit power voltage changing module is made of the 2nd DC-DC converter, the second pwm control circuit, second voltage feedback sense circuit and tertiary voltage feedback sense circuit.The output of second voltage feedback sense circuit is connected with the second pwm control circuit, and the output of the second pwm control circuit is connected with the 2nd DC-DC converter.The output of the 2nd DC-DC converter is connected with combining inverter with the tertiary voltage feedback sense circuit.The output of tertiary voltage feedback sense circuit is connected with the second pwm control circuit.Particularly, described direct current limit power voltage changing module is realized under control module, monitoring modular and combining inverter coordinate that the electric energy more than needed of photovoltaic module output is incorporated into the power networks and is outputed to public electric wire net " storage ".Control module judges by monitoring modular whether public electric wire net has exported offset current I, if do not export offset current I, illustrates that solar energy has more than needed, controls direct current limit power model this moment and increases power output, increases the electric energy of the output of being incorporated into the power networks; Then continue the monitoring public electric wire net and whether exported offset current I, if output offset current I is arranged, the electric weight that the output of being incorporated into the power networks is described is excessive, control direct current limit power model this moment and reduce power output, reduce the electric energy of the output of being incorporated into the power networks, guarantee that thus the photovoltaic module generating has precedence over the use of public electric wire net generating.That is to say, when output offset current I is arranged, at first reduce the electric energy of the output of being incorporated into the power networks, preferentially to the user load power supply, if still have offset current I, continue to reduce the power of the output of being incorporated into the power networks until close direct current limit power voltage changing module.Stop the output of being incorporated into the power networks of electric energy with photovoltaic module output if close direct current limit power voltage changing module, still can not enough supply user load, compensated by public electric wire net.
Combining inverter comprises single-phase grid-connected inverter or three-phase grid-connected inverter.The output of combining inverter is connected with public electric wire net 3.
The DC compensation module is made of rectification circuit and DC offset circuit.The output of rectification circuit is connected with DC offset circuit.The output of DC offset circuit is connected with voltage detecting circuit with the DC-AC converter.Particularly, when the energy output of photovoltaic module is less than the power consumption of user load, the direct voltage U1 of DC boosting module output can be lower than the direct voltage U2 of civil power input direct-current compensating circuit after the rectification circuit rectification of public electric wire net, thereby make public electric wire net automatically carry out supplementary power by DC offset circuit to the rear direct current that boosts that photovoltaic module produces, the direct voltage U3 that keeps the input AC inversion module is constant, guarantees the stable power-supplying of user load.And at the energy output of photovoltaic module during more than the power consumption of user load, the direct voltage U1 of DC boosting module output can be kept above the direct voltage U2 of civil power input direct-current compensating circuit after the rectification circuit rectification of public electric wire net always, thereby make public electric wire net be in Light Condition, can to the user load supplementary power, not keep by the independent stable power-supplying to user load of photovoltaic module.
The ac converter module is made of DC-AC converter, the 3rd pwm control circuit and the 4th Voltage Feedback testing circuit.The DC-AC converter comprises sinewave inverter and line filter, and wherein said sinewave inverter adopts single-phase sinewave inverter or three-phase sine wave inverter.The output of DC-AC converter and the 4th Voltage Feedback testing circuit, exchange commutation circuit and the second current/voltage testing circuit is connected.The output of the 4th Voltage Feedback testing circuit is connected with the 3rd pwm control circuit.The output of the 3rd pwm control circuit is connected with the DC-AC converter.
Exchanging handover module consists of by exchanging commutation circuit.The output that exchanges commutation circuit is connected with user load.
Monitoring modular is made of the first current/voltage testing circuit, the second current/voltage testing circuit, the 3rd current/voltage testing circuit and voltage detecting circuit.Wherein, the first current/voltage testing circuit is connected with the output of photovoltaic module 2, to detect the current and voltage signals of its output; The second current/voltage testing circuit is connected with the output that exchanges commutation circuit, to detect the current and voltage signals of its output; The 3rd current/voltage testing circuit is connected with the output of public electric wire net 3, with electric current and the voltage signal that detects its output; Voltage detecting circuit is connected with the output of a DC-DC converter, to detect the current and voltage signals of its output.The output of above-mentioned the first current/voltage testing circuit, the second current/voltage testing circuit, the 3rd current/voltage testing circuit and voltage detecting circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer, provides to single-chip microcomputer and detects the signal that obtains, so that single-chip microcomputer generates associated control signal.
Control module is made of single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit thereof.The output of single-chip microcomputer is respectively with the first pwm control circuit, the second pwm control circuit, the 3rd pwm control circuit with exchange commutation circuit and be connected, to control these parts.
The output of public electric wire net 3 with exchange commutation circuit, rectification circuit and the 3rd current/voltage testing circuit and be connected.
After boosting, the DC-DC booster circuit that the output electric energy of photovoltaic module 2 consists of through a DC-DC converter, the first pwm control circuit and the first current/voltage testing circuit 1 outputs to DC offset circuit, carry out flowing to the DC-AC converter after power match through the electric energy that rectification circuit outputs to DC offset circuit with public electric wire net, guarantee that under the intervention of DC offset circuit the electric energy of DC-DC booster circuit is preferentially exported; When the not enough user of power output of DC-DC booster circuit used, the electric energy that DC offset circuit strengthens public electric wire net automatically replenished, to guarantee the electric energy output to the user; When DC-DC booster circuit power output was enough, from public electric wire net input electric energy, public electric wire net was not in Light Condition to DC offset circuit.This moment, single-chip microcomputer was exported electric energy by the direct current limit power voltage changing module that the 2nd DC-DC converter, the second pwm control circuit, second voltage feedback sense circuit and tertiary voltage feedback sense circuit consist of to combining inverter.Single-chip microcomputer is controlled the second pwm control circuit according to the output signal of the 3rd current/voltage testing circuit, unnecessary electric energy is outputed to combining inverter supply with public electric wire net 3.
The auxiliary grid-connected system of above-mentioned photovoltaic is worked under the scheduling of single-chip microcomputer, as shown in Figure 3, controls job step as follows:
Step 1: the 3rd current/voltage testing circuit detects the current and voltage signals of public electric wire net 3 outputs, and provides it to single-chip microcomputer;
Step 2: the output to public electric wire net judges single-chip microcomputer according to above-mentioned signal, as public electric wire net dead electricity execution in step 3, otherwise execution in step 7;
Step 3: single-chip microcomputer output control signal is closed the second pwm control circuit,
Step 4: single-chip microcomputer output control signal is opened the first pwm control circuit and the 3rd pwm control circuit;
Step 5: single-chip microcomputer output control signal is given and is exchanged commutation circuit and disconnect being connected of public electric wire net 3 and user load 4;
Step 6: single-chip microcomputer output control signal connects the output of DC-AC converter and being connected of user load 4 for the interchange commutation circuit, and independently-powered by 2 pairs of user loads 4 of photovoltaic module, then execution in step 1;
Step 7: the first current/voltage testing circuit detects the current and voltage signals of photovoltaic module 2 outputs and provides it to single-chip microcomputer;
Step 8: whether single-chip microcomputer has output to judge according to above-mentioned signal to photovoltaic module, does not export execution in step 9 as photovoltaic module 2, otherwise execution in step 11;
Step 9: single-chip microcomputer output control signal is closed the first pwm control circuit, the second pwm control circuit and the 3rd pwm control circuit;
Step 10: single-chip microcomputer output control signal is given and is exchanged commutation circuit connection public electric wire net 3 to user load 4, and independently-powered by 3 pairs of user loads 4 of public electric wire net, then execution in step 1;
Step 11: the second current/voltage testing circuit detects the current and voltage signals of input user load and provides it to single-chip microcomputer;
Step 12: single-chip microcomputer detects the current and voltage signals of photovoltaic module 2 outputs that obtain according to above-mentioned signal and the first current/voltage testing circuit, the output of photovoltaic module and the power consumption of user load are compared, as 10% of the not enough user load power consumption of the output of photovoltaic module 2, execution in step 13, otherwise execution in step 16;
Step 13: single-chip microcomputer output control signal is closed the 3rd pwm control circuit;
Step 14: single-chip microcomputer output control signal is opened the first pwm control circuit and the second pwm control circuit, and photovoltaic module 2 electricity are by boosting, limit power transformation and combining inverter to be reverse into civil power input public electric wire net 3, and " storage " is in public electric wire net 3;
Step 15: single-chip microcomputer output control signal is given and is exchanged commutation circuit connection public electric wire net 3 to user load 4, and by 4 power supplies of 3 pairs of user loads of public electric wire net, then execution in step 1;
Step 16: single-chip microcomputer output control signal is opened the first pwm control circuit and the 3rd pwm control circuit;
Step 17: single-chip microcomputer output control signal connects the output of DC-AC converter and being connected of user load 4 for the interchange commutation circuit;
Step 18: the 3rd current/voltage testing circuit detects electric current and the voltage signal of public electric wire net 3 outputs and provides it to single-chip microcomputer;
Step 19: voltage detecting circuit detects the voltage signal of DC offset circuit output and provides it to single-chip microcomputer;
Step 20: single-chip microcomputer compares above-mentioned signal, judges whether the electric energy of photovoltaic module 2 outputs has more than needed.If the voltage of DC offset circuit output is greater than the voltage of public electric wire net 3 outputs, the electric energy of photovoltaic module 2 outputs has more than needed; If the voltage of DC offset circuit output is not more than the voltage of public electric wire net 3 outputs, the electric energy of photovoltaic module 2 outputs is not more than needed.In order to prevent erroneous judgement, be preferably that the electric current of public electric wire net 3 outputs is monitored simultaneously.If public electric wire net 3 output has electric current, this moment public electric wire net 3 generating compensates to photovoltaic module, the electric energy of photovoltaic module 2 outputs is not more than needed; If output current is zero, represent that the electric energy of photovoltaic module 2 outputs may have more than needed.
The electric energy of photovoltaic module 2 output has when more than needed, and control module output control signal is opened direct current limit power voltage changing module, and the electric energy of having more than needed is inputted public electric wire net 3 " storage " by combining inverter.Wherein, more than needed when many, increase the power output of direct current limit power voltage changing module, more than needed when few, reduce the power output of direct current limit power voltage changing module.When not more than needed, control module output control signal is closed the second pwm control circuit, namely closes direct current limit power voltage changing module.The electric energy of public electric wire net 3 outputs this moment is by rectification circuit input direct-current compensating circuit, and the electric energy that photovoltaic module 2 is exported carries out DC compensation, and then execution in step 1.
Claims (15)
1. one kind is used for the auxiliary control system of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of photovoltaic, it is characterized in that comprising with lower component:
The DC boosting module is connected with photovoltaic module, is used for the direct current that photovoltaic module produces is boosted, and its output is connected with DC compensation module, direct current limit power voltage changing module respectively;
Direct current limit power voltage changing module is connected with control module with the DC boosting module, and its output is connected with combining inverter, be used for according to control signal, the electric energy more than needed of photovoltaic module output being exported to combining inverter, and then the input public electric wire net;
Combining inverter is used for limitting the direct current of power voltage changing module output to be reverse into civil power input public electric wire net direct current, and its output is connected with public electric wire net;
The DC compensation module, be connected with the DC boosting module with public electric wire net, be used for making the civil power of public electric wire net to compensate the direct current of DC boosting module output at the energy output of photovoltaic module during less than the power consumption of user load, and the direct current after compensating exports to described ac converter module, and its output is connected with monitoring modular with the ac converter module respectively;
The ac converter module, its output is connected with user load, and the direct current inversion that is used for the output of DC compensation module is to export to user load after civil power;
Exchange handover module, be used for the control according to control module, the input current of user load is switched between public electric wire net and ac converter module;
Monitoring modular, be used for gathering the voltage signal of the current and voltage signals of public electric wire net output, the current and voltage signals of photovoltaic module output, the current and voltage signals that exchanges handover module output and the output of DC compensation module, and above-mentioned signal is sent to control module;
And control module, be connected with monitoring modular, be used for receiving the current and voltage signals of monitoring modular input and sending control signal according to above-mentioned signal and control respectively DC boosting module, direct current limit power voltage changing module, ac converter module and exchange handover module work.
2. control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described DC boosting module is made of the first Voltage Feedback testing circuit, a DC-DC converter and the first pwm control circuit.
3. control system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described direct current limit power voltage changing module is made of the 2nd DC-DC converter, the second pwm control circuit, second voltage feedback sense circuit and tertiary voltage feedback sense circuit.
4. control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described combining inverter comprises single-phase grid-connected inverter or three-phase grid-connected inverter.
5. control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described DC compensation module is made of rectification circuit and DC offset circuit.
6. control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ac converter module is made of DC-AC converter, the 3rd pwm control circuit and the 4th Voltage Feedback testing circuit.
7. control system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described DC-AC converter comprises sinewave inverter and line filter, wherein said sinewave inverter adopts single-phase sinewave inverter or three-phase sine wave inverter.
8. control system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described interchange handover module consists of by exchanging commutation circuit.
9. control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described monitoring modular is made of the first current/voltage testing circuit, the second current/voltage testing circuit, the 3rd current/voltage testing circuit and voltage detecting circuit.
10. control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control module is made of single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit thereof.
11. the auxiliary grid-connected system of photovoltaic comprises photovoltaic module, public electric wire net and user load, characterized by further comprising arbitrary control system as described in claim 1-10.
12. photovoltaic as claimed in claim 11 is assisted grid-connected system, it is characterized in that: the energy output of described photovoltaic module is at least greater than 10% of the power consumption of user load.
13. a use arbitrary control system as described in claim 1-10 is controlled the auxiliary method of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of photovoltaic, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) photovoltaic module is opened and is generated electricity;
(2) control module judges whether dead electricity of public electric wire net;
(3) if the public electric wire net dead electricity, control module output control signal is closed direct current limit power voltage changing module, open DC boosting module and ac converter module, control the interchange handover module ac converter output is switched to user load, by photovoltaic module is independent, user load is powered;
(4) if public electric wire net dead electricity not, the relatively energy output of photovoltaic module and the power consumption of user load of control module;
If the energy output of photovoltaic module is greater than the power consumption of user load, control module output control signal starts DC boosting module and ac converter module, control the interchange handover module ac converter output is switched to user load, by photovoltaic module is independent, user load is powered, start simultaneously direct current limit power voltage changing module, the electric energy more than needed that photovoltaic module is sent out is reverse into civil power input public electric wire net by combining inverter, realizes that electric energy more than needed is incorporated into the power networks;
Wherein, control module detects the offset current of public electric wire net output and the output voltage of DC compensation module by monitoring modular, if the direct voltage that public electric wire net is not exported the output of offset current and DC compensation module is the direct voltage after by rectification higher than the public electric wire net civil power, show that the photovoltaic module generating has more than needed, control module was controlled direct current limit power voltage changing module and was increased power output this moment, and the electric energy more than needed that photovoltaic module is sent out is incorporated into the power networks and exports public electric wire net to; Then continue the offset current of monitoring public electric wire net output and the output voltage of DC compensation module, if the direct voltage that the output of public electric wire net offset current or DC compensation module arranged is the direct voltage after by rectification lower than the public electric wire net civil power, show that photovoltaic module flows to the electric weight of user load inadequate, control direct current limit power voltage changing module this moment and reduce power output, reducing is incorporated into the power networks exports the electric weight of public electric wire net to, until close direct current limit power voltage changing module, stopping the photovoltaic module electricity can be incorporated into the power networks exports public electric wire net to;
If the energy output of photovoltaic module is less than the power consumption of user load, control module output control signal is closed direct current limit power voltage changing module, and the electric energy of photovoltaic module being exported by public electric wire net carries out DC compensation, jointly powers to user load.
14. method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that described step (4) is further comprising the steps of:
If the energy output of dead electricity and photovoltaic module is not less than the power consumption of user load for public electric wire net, whether the energy output that further judges photovoltaic module is less than 10% of the power consumption of user load;
If, start direct current career module and direct current limit power voltage changing module, close the ac converter module, the electric energy of photovoltaic module output all is reverse into civil power input public electric wire net by combining inverter, and control to exchange handover module the output of public electric wire net is switched to user load, by public electric wire net is independent, user load is powered;
If not, control module output control signal is closed direct current limit power voltage changing module, start direct current career module and ac converter module, the electric energy of photovoltaic module being exported by public electric wire net carries out DC compensation, and the direct current after compensation is reverse into civil power rear line load supplying through the ac converter module.
15. method as claimed in claim 14, characterized by further comprising following steps: if public electric wire net has electricity, and photovoltaic module is output not, control module output control signal is closed direct current limit power voltage changing module, DC boosting module and ac converter module, and control to exchange handover module the output of public electric wire net is switched to user load, by public electric wire net is independent, user load is powered.
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