CN103174797B - Balancing device and balancing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A balancing device is suitable for being arranged on a machine tool, the machine tool comprises a stress unit, and the balancing device comprises a balancing piece and a fixing piece. The balance piece is arranged on the stress unit, the fixing piece and the balance piece are arranged oppositely, and an acting force can be generated between the fixing piece and the balance piece, so that the balance piece can apply force to the stress unit, and the torque borne by the stress unit is balanced. The invention also provides a balancing method for the balancing device.

Description

Balancing device and balancing method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a balancing device and a balancing method thereof, in particular to a balancing device and a balancing method thereof for balancing the torque of a machine platform.

Background technique

Referring to Fig. 1, it is a machine tool 11 disclosed in the patent of invention No. I302485 "balance counterweight vibration damping system of machine tool" in Taiwan, China. The vertical lifting action of the spindle head 111 enables the cutter shaft 113 of the spindle head 111 to produce a relative cutting action on a workpiece 12 . Because the internal device of the spindle head 111 has a motor device that can drive the cutter shaft 113, and the structure of the spindle head 111 itself, it is usually quite heavy in weight, and a torque that causes the body 112 to bend and deform will be generated. After a long period of use, the body 112 will inevitably be slightly deformed, which will affect the precision of the cutter shaft 113 during cutting.

Therefore, this machine tool 11 is also provided with a device for balancing the counterweight, which is to connect the main shaft head 111 and a counterweight 14 positioned at the rear of the machine body 112 through a chain 13, so that the counterweight 14 can balance the main shaft head. 111 generates a pulling force opposite to gravity, so that the spindle head 111 achieves a static balance effect, thereby avoiding bending deformation of the body 112 .

However, in order to achieve a balance between the counterweight 14 and the spindle head 111 , the weight of the counterweight 14 must be equivalent to that of the spindle head 111 , which greatly increases the overall weight of the machine tool 11 . In addition, if different spindle heads 111 need to be replaced due to cutting requirements, the counterweight 14 must also be replaced due to the different weights of the various spindle heads 111, which increases the complexity of use and must be prepared. Several counterweights 14 of different weights. Furthermore, since the counterweight 14 and the spindle head 111 are connected in a solid structure, that is to say, they are connected through the chain 13, that is, the chain 13 needs to bear the weight of the spindle head 111 and the counterweight 14 at the same time. Weight, after a long time of use, it is easy to cause structural damage, and even the danger of the counterweight 14 falling. If the chain 13 with stronger structural strength is used, the weight of the overall machine tool 11 will be increased in disguise.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a balance device with light weight, high versatility and high durability.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a balancing method for the aforementioned balancing device.

The balancing device of the present invention is suitable for being arranged on a machine tool, the machine tool includes a stress unit, and the balancing device includes a balancing piece and a fixing piece. The balance piece is arranged on the stress unit, the fixing piece is arranged opposite to the balance piece, and a force can be generated between the balance piece and the balance piece, so that the balance piece can apply force to the stress unit and make the stress unit suffer Torque balance.

Preferably, the aforementioned balancing device, wherein the stress unit includes a support column, and a working head disposed on the support column, and the balance member is disposed on the support column.

Preferably, in the aforementioned balance device, the balance piece is arranged on the side of the supporting column opposite to the working head, and the fixing piece is fixedly arranged under the balance piece.

Preferably, the aforementioned balancing device, wherein the balancing member is arranged on the side of the support column opposite to the working head, and the balancing device further includes a The bracket set has two struts located on opposite sides of the balance piece, and the fixing piece is arranged across the struts.

Preferably, in the aforementioned balance device, wherein the balance member is arranged on the side of the support column opposite to the working head, and the balance device further includes a bracket set for the fixing member to be set and to make the fixing The piece and the supporting column are located on two opposite sides of the balance piece.

Preferably, the aforementioned balancing device, wherein the stress unit includes a supporting column, and a working head arranged on the supporting column, and the balancing member is arranged at the bottom of the working head, and the fixing member is fixed on below the balance piece.

Preferably, in the aforementioned balance device, both the balance piece and the fixing piece are electromagnets.

Preferably, in the aforementioned balancing device, one of the balancing piece and the fixing piece is an electromagnet, and the other is a magnetically permeable material.

Preferably, the aforementioned balancing device, wherein the balancing member is a hydrostatic element, and the fixing member is a rigid object with a guiding plane.

Preferably, the aforementioned balancing device, wherein the hydrostatic element is an air bearing or a hydrostatic bearing.

Preferably, in the aforementioned balancing device, the fixing piece is arranged opposite to the balancing piece at intervals.

Preferably, in the aforementioned balance device, the balance piece and the fixing piece can move to change the relative distance between each other.

The balancing method of the present invention is used in the aforementioned balancing device, and the balancing method includes a reference value input step, an actual value acquisition step, a comparison step, and a correction step. The reference value input step provides a control system with a relative position reference value of the balance member and the fixing member when they are originally set. The actual value obtaining step detects the actual value of the relative position of the balance piece and the fixing piece through the control system. The comparing step compares the actual value with the reference value, and calculates the magnitude of the force required to be applied between the balance piece and the fixing piece. The correcting step applies the active force between the balance piece and the fixing piece, so as to change the relative position of the balance piece and the fixing piece back to the original position.

Preferably, in the aforementioned balancing method, wherein the acting force makes the balancing piece approach or move away from the fixing piece.

Preferably, in the aforementioned balancing method, the magnitude of applying the force is realized by adjusting the current between the balance piece and the fixing piece, or the fluid pressure between the balance piece and the fixing piece.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: a force can be generated between the balance piece and the fixing piece, and then the balance piece can be driven to apply a force to the stress unit, so that the stress unit reaches a state of torque balance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a machine tool disclosed in the invention patent case of China Taiwan Announcement No. I302485 "Balancing Counterweight Vibration Reduction System of Machine Tool";

Fig. 2 is a side view illustrating a first preferred embodiment of the balancing device of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a flow chart illustrating the balancing method of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view illustrating a second preferred embodiment of the balancing device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a side view, assisting in explaining Fig. 4;

Figure 6 is a side view illustrating a third preferred embodiment of the balancing device of the present invention; and

Fig. 7 is a side view illustrating a fourth preferred embodiment of the balancing device of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 2, it is a first preferred embodiment of the balancing device 2 of the present invention, which is suitable for being arranged on a machine tool 3, the machine tool 3 includes a stress unit 31, and the stress unit 31 includes a support column 311, and A working head 312 disposed on the support column 311 . The balancing device 2 includes a balancing piece 21 arranged on the support column 311, and a fixing piece 22 opposite to the balancing piece 21 and fixed below the balancing piece 21. The fixing piece 22 is connected to the balancing piece 21. A force can be generated between 21, so that the balance member 21 can apply force to the stress unit 31 and balance the torque suffered by the stress unit.

The machine tool 3 in this preferred embodiment is a milling machine, and of course the machine tool 3 can also be a lathe or other machines that need to counteract the torque generated by the suspension of the working head 312 or other structural parts to achieve balance. This is the limit. In addition, in this preferred embodiment, the balance device 2 also includes a bracket set 23 fixed on the desktop (not shown) or on the ground, and the fixing member 22 is arranged on the bracket set 23 and is balanced with the The fixing piece 21 is opposite, but of course the fixing piece 22 can also be elongated and directly fixed on the desktop or the ground, not limited to this, mainly to enable the fixing piece 22 to be arranged under the balance piece 21 at intervals and oppositely That's it. Furthermore, another bracket 24 may be disposed on the support column 311 , and the balance member 21 is disposed on the bracket 24 and opposite to the lower fixing member 22 at intervals. Although in this preferred embodiment, the balance piece 21 and the fixing piece 22 are both fixedly arranged, but in actual manufacture, the balance piece 21 and the fixing piece 22 can also move relatively, for example, set on the support column 311 Slide rails are provided for the balance member 21 to move, and a lifting module is provided on the bracket set 23 to drive the fixing member 22 to move, so that the distance between them can be adjusted during installation.

It is particularly noted that, in this preferred embodiment, both the balance member 21 and the fixing member 22 are realized by electromagnets, and the characteristics of the electromagnets can be controlled by the direction of the current, so that a gap between the two electromagnets can be generated. Non-contact attractive force (making the balance piece 21 close to the fixing piece 22) or repulsive force (making the balance piece 21 away from the fixing piece 22), can also be controlled by the adjustment of the amount of current at the same time. In addition, the relative distance between the balancing piece 21 and the fixing piece 22 can also be changed as needed to adjust the strength of the force. For example, when the distance between them is smaller, the attraction force is greater, and vice versa. smaller. But certainly one of this balancing piece 21 and this fixing piece 22 can be realized with electromagnet, and the other then can be realized with magnetically permeable material, by controlling the electric current of electromagnet, can make electromagnet and magnetically permeable material A non-contact attractive force is generated between them (making the balance piece 21 close to the fixing piece 22), which can also counteract the force exerted by the working head 312 on the support column 311, so that the torque of the support column 311 is balanced. state.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the balancing device 2 can be used in conjunction with the balancing method of the present invention. The balancing method includes a reference value input step 4 , an actual value acquisition step 5 , a comparison step 6 , and a correction step 7 .

Firstly, the reference value is input in step 4, mainly to provide a reference value of the relative position of the balance member 21 and the fixing member 22 in the original setting to a control system (not shown in the figure).

Next, the actual value obtaining step 5 is to detect the actual value of the relative position of the balance member 21 and the fixing member 22 through the control system.

Then in the comparison step 6, the actual value and the reference value can be compared to calculate the magnitude of a force that needs to be applied between the balance member 21 and the fixing member 22, and determine that the force needs to make the balance member 21 approach Or stay away from the fixing part 22 .

Finally, it is the calibration step 7, according to the result of the comparison step 6, adjust the force between the balance member 21 and the fixed member 22 to offset the torque of the stress unit 31, so that the balance member 21 and the fixed member 22 The relative position of is returned to the position when it was originally set.

In this preferred embodiment, since the balancing piece 21 and the fixing piece 22 are all implemented by electromagnets, the adjustment of the active force is by controlling the direction of the current input to the balancing piece 21 and the fixing piece 22, so that The active force produced between the balance piece 21 and the fixing piece 22 is an attractive force, and since the fixing piece 22 is fixed, the balance piece 21 will be subjected to a force shown in the direction of the arrow in Figure 2 force, and at the same time exert a force on the support column 311, and by adjusting the input current, the strength of the attraction force can be further controlled, so that the force exerted by the balance member 21 on the support column 311 can be just The force exerted by the working head 312 on the support column 311 is counteracted, so that the torque of the support column 311 reaches a balanced state. Sometimes the magnitude of the output current based on the result of the comparison step 6 may not completely balance the torque for the first time. At this time, the actual value obtaining step 5 can be repeated to obtain the balance member 21 and the fixing member 22 again. The actual value of the relative position to re-calculate, and re-adjust the size of the output current. In addition, in addition to detecting the actual value of the relative position of the balance member 21 and the fixing member 22 by the control system, the relative position coordinates of the balance member 21 and the fixing member 22 can also be manually input for the control system to calculate .

The balancing method is one of the methods that the balancing device 2 can implement. Of course, the balancing device 2 can also use other methods that can accurately adjust the force between the balancing member 21 and the fixing member 22. limit.

In this preferred embodiment, the mode of action of the balance member 21 and the fixing member 22 is described by counteracting the torque generated by the support column 311 by the gravity of the working head 312, but because the balance member 21 and the The installation of the fixture 22 is not limited by directionality, so it can also be installed horizontally or obliquely according to requirements, so as to balance the working head 312 when processing an object to be processed (not shown). The torque generated by the support column 311.

Through the above design, the balancing device 2 and its balancing method of the present invention have the following advantages in actual use:

(1) Lightweight:

By adjusting the magnitude and direction of the force between the balance member 21 and the fixing member 22, the strength of the force exerted by the balance member 21 on the support column 311 is controlled, so a counterweight equivalent to the weight of the working head 312 is not required The block 14 (see FIG. 1 ) makes the overall weight of the machine tool 3 lighter.

(2) High versatility:

Because the active force between the balance member 21 and the fixed member 22 is quite convenient and flexible in adjustment, when the user needs to replace the working head 312, the intensity of the active force can be adjusted according to the weight of the different working heads 312 to be replaced. Yes, it is convenient to use and has high versatility, and there is no need to prepare several counterweights 14 with different weights.

(3) High durability:

Through the balance piece 21 and the fixing piece 22, there is no need to use a steel cable or a chain 13 (see Figure 1) as a connection, so there will be no damage to the steel cable or chain 13 due to the extreme stress. occur, so the durability is high.

(4) Set unlimited directions:

Since the force exerted by the balance member 21 on the support column 311 is not due to the gravity perpendicular to the ground, the relative positions of the balance member 21 and the fixing member 22 are not limited to the direction vertical to the ground, but can also be horizontal. Therefore, it can be applied to various machine tool structures.

Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the second preferred embodiment of the balance device 2 of the present invention is substantially the same as the first preferred embodiment, the difference is that the bracket set 23 includes two The two pillars 231 on opposite sides, and the fixing member 22 is elongated across the pillars 231 and located above the balancing member 21 .

Since the fixing piece 22 is arranged above the balance piece 21, it is necessary to adjust the direction of the input current so that the acting force between the fixing piece 22 and the balance piece 21 is a repulsive force, and since the fixing piece 22 is fixed on the support 231 Therefore, the balance member 21 will be subjected to a force in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 5. This preferred embodiment can achieve the advantages of the first preferred embodiment, through the fixing member 22 It is a structure arranged on the support 231 and located above the balance member 21. In addition to providing another configuration, since the fixing member 22 is elongated and placed horizontally, the machine tool 3 is also It can be a type in which the support column 311 drives the working head 312 to move laterally, and users can choose different configurations according to different structures of various machine tools 3 . In this configuration, the user can install a sensor (not shown) on the balance piece 21 to measure the distance between the balance piece 21 and the fixed piece 22 in real time, and feed back the distance information to the balance shown in Figure 3 The control system in the method is to change the reverse torque output by the balance member 21 to achieve the effect of automatically adjusting the reverse torque.

Referring to Fig. 6, the third preferred embodiment of the balance device 2 of the present invention is substantially the same as the first preferred embodiment, the difference is that: the fixing member 22 is arranged on the bracket group 23, and is connected with the The supporting columns 311 are located on two opposite sides of the balance member 21 .

Since the fixing member 22 is arranged on the side of the balancing member 21, the force between the fixing member 22 and the balancing member 21 needs to be an attractive force, so that the balancing member 21 is subjected to a direction indicated by an arrow in the figure. and at the same time generate a force that can counteract the force exerted by the working head 312 on the support column 311, so that the torque borne by the support column 311 is balanced.

In addition to achieving the advantages of the first preferred embodiment, this preferred embodiment provides another configuration mode through the fixing member 22 being located on the side of the balance member 21 for the user to use according to each According to different structures of machine tools 3, different configuration methods are selected.

Referring to Fig. 7, the fourth preferred embodiment of the balancing device 2 of the present invention is substantially the same as the first preferred embodiment, except that the balancing member 21 is arranged at the bottom of the working head 312, and the fixed The component 22 is disposed below the balance component 21 .

In addition to achieving the advantages of the first preferred embodiment in this preferred embodiment, the balance member 21 is arranged at the bottom of the working head 312, so the fixing member 22 arranged below the balance member 21 can provide a Repulsive force, so that the balance member 21 is subjected to the force shown in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and can more directly counteract the weight of the working head 312, so that the torque of the support column 311 is balanced.

In the above-described embodiment, an electromagnetic attraction or repulsion force is generated between the balance piece 21 and the fixing piece 22, so that the torque of the supporting column 311 is balanced, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the electromagnetic force. The balance piece 21 will be described below. And other implementation styles of the fixing member 22.

Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, in the aforementioned second and fourth preferred embodiments of the balancing device 2 of the present invention, the balancing element 21 is a hydrostatic element, and the fixing element 22 is a guiding element. It is a flat rigid object, and the balance piece 21 and the fixing piece 22 are arranged opposite to each other at intervals, that is to say, there is a gap between the balance piece 21 and the fixing piece 22 . The hydrostatic component, such as an air bearing (Airbearing) or a hydrostatic bearing (Hydrostatic bearing), can provide a fluid (such as air, water, oil) to act on the guide plane of the rigid object, so that the hydrostatic component Forming a hydrostatic pressure with the rigid object can generate a repulsive force between the hydrostatic pressure element and the rigid object (making the balance member 21 away from the fixed member 22), and can also counteract the support column 311 exerted by the working head 312 force, so that the torque on the support column 311 reaches a balanced state. It can be understood that the size of the repelling force can be achieved by controlling the size of the hydrostatic pressure.

Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, in the aforementioned first and third preferred embodiments of the balancing device 2 of the present invention, similarly, the balancing member 21 is selected as a hydrostatic element, and the fixing member 22 is a As for the rigid object of the plane, there is a gap between the balance member 21 and the fixing member 22, and there is a fluid in the gap, and the hydrostatic element provides an attractive force to make the fluid flow from the gap to the hydrostatic element, An attractive force can be generated between the hydrostatic element and the rigid object (making the balance member 21 close to the fixed member 22), and it can also counteract the force exerted by the working head 312 on the support column 311, so that the support column 311 is subjected to a balanced state of torque. It can be understood that the magnitude of the attractive force can be achieved by controlling the force of the hydrostatic element to attract the fluid.

To sum up, the balancing device 2 and its balancing method of the present invention can generate force between the balancing member 21 and the fixing member 22, and drive the balancing member 21 to exert force on the supporting column 311 to offset the supporting column. 311 is subjected to the force of the working head 312, and the strength of the force can be adjusted according to the needs. Therefore, the balance device 2 has the advantages of light weight, high versatility, high durability, and unlimited orientation.

Claims (14)

1. A balancing device suitable for being arranged on a machine tool comprising a stress unit, characterized in that: the balancing device comprises a counterweight disposed on the stress unit; and a fixing piece, which is arranged opposite to the balance piece, and can generate a force with the balance piece, so that the balance piece can apply force to the stress unit and balance the torque on the stress unit, The stress unit includes a supporting column, and a working head arranged on the supporting column, and the balance member is arranged on the supporting column or the bottom of the working head. 2 . The balancing device according to claim 1 , wherein the balancing member is disposed on a side of the support column opposite to the working head, and the fixing member is fixed below the balancing member. 3 . 3. The balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the balancing member is arranged on the side of the support column opposite to the working head, and the balancing device also includes a set for the fixing member and makes the fixing The bracket set is located above the balance piece, the bracket set has two pillars located on two opposite sides of the balance piece, and the fixing piece is arranged across the pillars. 4. The balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the balancing member is arranged on the side of the support column opposite to the working head, and the balancing device further comprises a bracket set for the fixed The component is arranged so that the fixing component and the supporting column are located on two opposite sides of the balancing component. 5 . The balancing device according to claim 1 , wherein the balancing element is disposed at the bottom of the working head, and the fixing element is fixedly disposed under the balancing element. 6 . 6. The balancing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that both the balancing element and the fixing element are electromagnets. 7. The balancing device according to claim 2 or 4, wherein one of the balancing member and the fixing member is an electromagnet, and the other is a magnetically permeable material. 8. A balancing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the balancing element is a hydrostatic element and the fixing element is a rigid object with guiding planes. 9. The balancing device according to claim 8, wherein the hydrostatic element is an air bearing or a hydrostatic bearing. 10 . The balancing device according to claim 1 , wherein the fixing member is spaced opposite to the balancing member. 11 . 11. The balancing device according to claim 1, wherein the balancing member and the fixing member are movable to change a relative distance between them. 12. A balancing method for the balancing device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: comprising a reference value input step, providing a control system with a relative position reference value of the balancing member and the fixing member when they are originally set; an actual value obtaining step, detecting the actual value of the relative position of the balance member and the fixed member through the control system; a comparison step of comparing the actual value with the reference value and calculating the required force between the balancing member and the fixing member; and A correction step, applying the active force between the balance piece and the fixing piece, so as to change the relative position of the balance piece and the fixing piece back to the original position. 13. The balancing method according to claim 12, characterized in that: the acting force makes the balancing piece approach or move away from the fixing piece. 14. The balancing method according to claim 12, characterized in that: said applying the force is achieved by adjusting the current between the balance piece and the fixing piece, or the fluid pressure between the balance piece and the fixing piece of.