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CN103163325B - A kind of method that wind-force detects, wind-force detector and aerogenerator - Google Patents

A kind of method that wind-force detects, wind-force detector and aerogenerator Download PDF

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CN103163325B
CN103163325B CN201110416749.0A CN201110416749A CN103163325B CN 103163325 B CN103163325 B CN 103163325B CN 201110416749 A CN201110416749 A CN 201110416749A CN 103163325 B CN103163325 B CN 103163325B
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CN103163325A (en
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葛俊豪
刘河
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Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
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Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种风力检测的方法、风力检测仪和风力发电机,其中,风力检测的方法包括检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号;根据所述至少两个预设位置及其对应的力学信号获取风力的风向。本发明提供的上述实施例中,通过检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号,可以直接检测旋转部件在旋转过程中所承载的风力产生的力学信号,检测到的作用在桨叶上的力学信号的精确度高、误差小,然后根据上述力学信号可以计算得到精确度高的风向。

The present invention provides a wind force detection method, a wind force detector, and a wind power generator, wherein the wind force detection method includes detecting mechanical signals when a detection point on a rotating component is in at least two preset positions; according to the at least two The preset position and its corresponding mechanical signal obtain the wind direction of the wind force. In the above-mentioned embodiments provided by the present invention, by detecting the mechanical signal when the detection point on the rotating component is at least two preset positions, the mechanical signal generated by the wind force carried by the rotating component during the rotation can be directly detected, and the detected The mechanical signal acting on the blade has high precision and small error, and then the wind direction with high precision can be calculated according to the above mechanical signal.

Description

一种风力检测的方法、风力检测仪和风力发电机A method of wind power detection, wind power detector and wind power generator

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及风力发电的技术领域,具体地,涉及一种风力检测的方法、风力检测仪和风力发电机。The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a wind power detection method, a wind power detector and a wind power generator.

背景技术 Background technique

风能作为一种清洁的可再生能源,越来越受到世界各国的重视。我国风能资源丰富,利用风能发电的潜力巨大。As a clean and renewable energy, wind energy has been paid more and more attention by countries all over the world. my country is rich in wind energy resources, and the potential for generating electricity from wind energy is huge.

现在,人们通常使用风力发电机将风能转换为电能。图1为现有技术风力发电机的结构示意图。如图1所示,风力发电机包括:桨叶101、导流罩102、发电机103、机舱罩104、塔架105、塔基106和风力检测仪107。风力以一定角度和速度作用在桨叶101上,使桨叶101产生旋转力矩而转动,从而将风能转换为机械能,旋转的桨叶101将驱动塔架104上的发电机发电,实现风能转换为电能。Today, people usually use wind turbines to convert wind energy into electricity. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind power generator in the prior art. As shown in FIG. 1 , the wind power generator includes: a blade 101 , a wind deflector 102 , a generator 103 , a nacelle cover 104 , a tower 105 , a tower base 106 and a wind detector 107 . Wind force acts on the blade 101 at a certain angle and speed, causing the blade 101 to generate a rotational moment and rotate, thereby converting wind energy into mechanical energy, and the rotating blade 101 will drive the generator on the tower 104 to generate electricity, realizing the conversion of wind energy into electrical energy.

在风力发电机的工作过程中,风力发电机捕获风能的数量与风速成三次方关系,导流罩102的转动轴与风向的夹角也影响风力发电机捕获风能的效率;当导流罩102的转动轴与风向之间存在夹角时,将降低风力发电机风力发电机捕获风能的效率,同时,导流罩102的转动轴与风向之间存在夹角时,偏向的风力会给风力发电机产生一个很大的偏载荷,降低风力发电机的使用寿命。所以,准确获取风向和风速等风力参数,对于风力发电机的发电效率和使用寿命等都至关重要。During the working process of the wind-driven generator, the amount of wind energy captured by the wind-driven generator has a cubic relationship with the wind speed, and the angle between the rotation axis of the wind deflector 102 and the wind direction also affects the efficiency of the wind-driven generator to capture wind energy; when the wind deflector 102 When there is an included angle between the rotation axis of the wind deflector 102 and the wind direction, the efficiency of capturing wind energy by the wind turbine generator will be reduced. The machine produces a large eccentric load, which reduces the service life of the wind turbine. Therefore, accurate acquisition of wind parameters such as wind direction and wind speed is very important for the power generation efficiency and service life of wind turbines.

现有技术中,风力检测仪107通常包括风向标和风速仪,使用风向标和风速仪来检测风向和风速等风力参数,风力检测仪107安装在叶轮101后面的机舱罩104上,由于气流经过叶轮101的阻挡或干扰之后才到达风力检测仪107,因此风速和风向等风力参数均发生变化,所以,风力检测仪107获取的风速和风向等风力参数精确度低、误差大。In the prior art, the anemometer 107 usually includes a wind vane and an anemometer, which are used to detect wind parameters such as wind direction and wind speed. The anemometer 107 is installed on the nacelle cover 104 behind the impeller 101. The wind force detector 107 is only reached after being blocked or disturbed by the wind force detector 107, so the wind force parameters such as wind speed and wind direction all change. Therefore, the wind force parameters such as wind speed and wind direction obtained by the wind force detector 107 have low accuracy and large errors.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

为解决上述问题,本发明提供一种风力检测的方法、风力检测仪和风力发电机,用于解决现有技术中检测到的风力参数精确度低、误差大的问题。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a wind force detection method, a wind force detector and a wind power generator, which are used to solve the problems of low accuracy and large error of wind force parameters detected in the prior art.

为此,本发明提供一种风力检测的方法,其中,包括:For this reason, the present invention provides a kind of method of wind power detection, wherein, comprise:

检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号;detecting a mechanical signal when a detection point on the rotating component is at least two preset positions;

根据所述至少两个预设位置及其对应的力学信号获取风力的风向。The wind direction of the wind force is obtained according to the at least two preset positions and the corresponding mechanical signals.

其中,所述风力检测的方法还包括:Wherein, the method for wind detection also includes:

根据所述至少两个预设位置及其对应的力学信号获取风力的风速。The wind speed of the wind force is obtained according to the at least two preset positions and the corresponding mechanical signals.

其中,所述至少两个预设位置包括:Wherein, the at least two preset positions include:

第一位置和第二位置;first position and second position;

所述第一位置和第二位置分别为所述检测点旋转时经过的圆周与该圆周在水平方向的直径相交的位置。The first position and the second position are respectively the positions where the circle passed by the detection point when it rotates intersects the diameter of the circle in the horizontal direction.

其中,所述至少两个预设位置还包括:Wherein, the at least two preset positions also include:

第三位置和第四位置;third and fourth positions;

所述第三位置和第四位置分别为所述检测点旋转时经过的圆周与该圆周在竖直方向的直径相交的位置。The third position and the fourth position are respectively the positions where the circle passed by the detection point when it rotates intersects the diameter of the circle in the vertical direction.

其中,所述检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号包括:Wherein, the mechanical signal for detecting when the detection point on the rotating component is in at least two preset positions includes:

检测所述旋转部件上的检测点的位置信号;detecting a position signal of a detection point on the rotating component;

在所述旋转部件上的检测点处于预设位置时,检测所述检测点的力学信号。When the detection point on the rotating component is at a preset position, the mechanical signal of the detection point is detected.

其中,所述检测所述旋转部件上的检测点的位置信号包括:Wherein, the detection of the position signal of the detection point on the rotating component includes:

通过加速度传感器检测所述旋转部件上的检测点的位置信号;Detecting a position signal of a detection point on the rotating component by an acceleration sensor;

在所述加速度传感器检测到的加速度为水平预设值时,标识所述旋转部件上的检测点处于所述第一位置和第二位置。When the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor is a horizontal preset value, it is identified that the detection point on the rotating component is in the first position and the second position.

其中,所述检测点的力学信号包括:Wherein, the mechanical signal of the detection point includes:

所述检测点的压力信号、拉力信号和压强信号中的至少一种。At least one of a pressure signal, a tension signal and a pressure signal at the detection point.

其中,所述旋转部件为风力发电机的导流罩。Wherein, the rotating component is a wind deflector of the wind power generator.

本发明还提供一种风力检测仪,其中包括:The present invention also provides a wind force detector, which includes:

力学传感器,用于检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号;The mechanical sensor is used to detect the mechanical signal when the detection point on the rotating part is at least two preset positions;

信号处理器,用于根据所述至少两个预设位置及其对应的力学信号获取风力的风向。The signal processor is configured to obtain the wind direction of the wind force according to the at least two preset positions and the corresponding mechanical signals.

其中,所述信号处理器还用于:Wherein, the signal processor is also used for:

根据所述至少两个预设位置及其对应的力学信号获取风力的风速。The wind speed of the wind force is obtained according to the at least two preset positions and the corresponding mechanical signals.

其中,所述力学传感器包括:Wherein, the mechanical sensor includes:

压力传感器、拉力传感器和压强传感器中的至少一种;At least one of a pressure sensor, a tension sensor and a pressure sensor;

所述压力传感器、拉力传感器和压强传感器分别用于检测所述检测点的压力信号、拉力信号和压强信号。The pressure sensor, tension sensor and pressure sensor are respectively used to detect the pressure signal, tension signal and pressure signal of the detection point.

其中,所述风力检测仪还包括:Wherein, the wind detector also includes:

位置传感器,用于检测所述旋转部件上的检测点的位置信号;a position sensor, used to detect a position signal of a detection point on the rotating component;

基于所述位置传感器检测到的位置信号确定所述旋转部件上的检测点处于预设位置时,所述力学传感器检测所述检测点的力学信号。When it is determined based on the position signal detected by the position sensor that the detection point on the rotating component is at a preset position, the force sensor detects the force signal of the detection point.

其中,所述位置传感器包括:Wherein, the position sensor includes:

加速度传感器,在所述加速度传感器检测到的加速度为水平预设值时,标识所述旋转部件上的检测点处于第一位置和第二位置;An acceleration sensor, when the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor is a horizontal preset value, identifies that the detection point on the rotating component is in the first position and the second position;

所述第一位置和第二位置分别为所述检测点旋转时经过的圆周与该圆周在水平方向的直径相交的位置。The first position and the second position are respectively the positions where the circle passed by the detection point when it rotates intersects the diameter of the circle in the horizontal direction.

其中,所述风力检测仪还包括:Wherein, the wind detector also includes:

框架,所述力学传感器和位置传感器安装在所述框架上。A frame, the force sensor and the position sensor are mounted on the frame.

其中,所述框架为圆柱体,所述力学传感器包括压力传感器和/或拉力传感器;Wherein, the frame is a cylinder, and the mechanical sensor includes a pressure sensor and/or a tension sensor;

所述力学传感器和位置传感器安装在所述框架的表面。The force sensor and position sensor are mounted on the surface of the frame.

其中,所述框架为圆柱体,所述力学传感器包括压强传感器;Wherein, the frame is a cylinder, and the mechanical sensor includes a pressure sensor;

所述位置传感器安装在所述框架的表面;the position sensor is installed on the surface of the frame;

所述压强传感器安装在所述框架的内部,并通过通孔与外部气流接触。The pressure sensor is installed inside the frame and is in contact with the external airflow through the through hole.

其中,所述框架包括固定连接的圆柱体和平板,所述力学传感器包括压力传感器和/或拉力传感器;Wherein, the frame includes a cylinder and a flat plate fixedly connected, and the force sensor includes a pressure sensor and/or a tension sensor;

所述力学传感器和位置传感器安装在所述框架的表面。The force sensor and position sensor are mounted on the surface of the frame.

其中,所述框架包括固定连接的圆柱体和平板,所述力学传感器包括压强传感器;Wherein, the frame includes a cylinder and a flat plate fixedly connected, and the mechanical sensor includes a pressure sensor;

所述位置传感器安装在所述框架的表面;the position sensor is installed on the surface of the frame;

所述压强传感器安装在所述框架的内部,并通过通孔与外部气流接触。The pressure sensor is installed inside the frame and is in contact with the external airflow through the through hole.

本发明还提供一种风力发电机,其中,包括上述的任意一种风力检测仪。The present invention also provides a wind generator, which includes any one of the above-mentioned wind detectors.

本发明具有下述有益效果:The present invention has following beneficial effect:

本发明提供的风力检测的方法,通过检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号,可以直接检测旋转部件在旋转过程中所承载的风力产生的力学信号,检测到的旋转部件上力学信号的精确度高、误差小,然后根据上述力学信号可以计算得到精确度高的风向。The wind force detection method provided by the present invention can directly detect the mechanical signal generated by the wind force carried by the rotating component during the rotation process by detecting the mechanical signal when the detection point on the rotating component is at least two preset positions, and the detected The mechanical signal on the rotating part has high accuracy and small error, and then the wind direction with high accuracy can be calculated according to the above mechanical signal.

本发明提供的风力检测仪,通过力学传感器检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号,可以直接检测旋转部件在旋转过程中所承载的风力产生的力学信号,检测到的旋转部件上力学信号的精确度高、误差小,然后根据上述力学信号可以计算得到精确度高的风向。The wind force detector provided by the present invention detects the mechanical signals when the detection points on the rotating parts are at least two preset positions through the mechanical sensors, and can directly detect the mechanical signals generated by the wind force carried by the rotating parts during the rotation process, and detects The mechanical signals on the rotating parts have high accuracy and small error, and then the wind direction with high accuracy can be calculated according to the above mechanical signals.

本发明提供的风力发电机,通过将风力检测仪安装在桨叶的上风向,以提高风力检测仪检测到的作用在桨叶风力参数时的精确度,风力发电机根据风力参数调整叶轮旋转时的转动轴以与风向平行,从而提高风力发电机的发电效率,减少风力发电机的偏载荷,延长风力发电机的使用寿命。In the wind power generator provided by the present invention, the wind power detector is installed in the upwind direction of the blade to improve the accuracy of the detection of the wind power detector when acting on the wind force parameters of the blade. When the wind power generator adjusts the impeller rotation according to the wind power parameters The rotation axis of the wind turbine is parallel to the wind direction, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine, reducing the partial load of the wind turbine, and prolonging the service life of the wind turbine.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为现有技术风力发电机的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art wind power generator;

图2为本发明风力检测的方法第一实施例的流程图;Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the method for detecting wind force of the present invention;

图3为本发明风力检测的方法第二实施例的流程图;Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the second embodiment of the method for detecting wind force of the present invention;

图4为本实施例中检测点的运动轨迹示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of the detection point in the present embodiment;

图5为本发明风力检测仪第一实施例的结构示意图;Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the wind force detector of the present invention;

图6为本发明风力检测仪第二实施例的结构示意图;Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the second embodiment of the wind force detector of the present invention;

图7为本发明风力检测仪第三实施例的结构示意图;7 is a schematic structural view of the third embodiment of the wind force detector of the present invention;

图8为本发明风力检测仪第四实施例的结构示意图;Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the fourth embodiment of the wind force detector of the present invention;

图9为本发明风力检测仪第四实施例的主视图;Fig. 9 is the front view of the fourth embodiment of the anemometer of the present invention;

图10为本发明风力检测仪第四实施例的俯视图;Fig. 10 is a top view of the fourth embodiment of the wind force detector of the present invention;

图11为本发明风力发电机第一实施例的结构示意图;Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the first embodiment of the wind power generator of the present invention;

图12为本发明风力发电机第二实施例的结构示意图。Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the wind power generator of the present invention.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

为使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合附图对本发明提供的风力检测的方法、风力检测仪和风力发电机进行详细描述。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the wind force detection method, wind force detector and wind power generator provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

图2为本发明风力检测的方法第一实施例的流程图。如图2所示,本实施例中风力检测的方法具体包括如下步骤:Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the method for detecting wind force of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the method for wind detection in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

步骤201、检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号。Step 201. Detect mechanical signals when the detection points on the rotating component are in at least two preset positions.

本步骤中,在旋转部件的旋转过程中,旋转部件上的检测点也在旋转,当检测点旋转到预设位置的时候,检测旋转部件上检测点处的力学信号,其中,预设位置至少有两个。检测得到旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号之后,进入步骤202。In this step, during the rotation of the rotating component, the detection point on the rotating component is also rotating, and when the detecting point rotates to a preset position, the mechanical signal at the detecting point on the rotating component is detected, wherein the preset position is at least There are two. After detecting the mechanical signals when the detection points on the rotating component are at least two preset positions, go to step 202 .

步骤202、根据上述至少两个预设位置及其对应的力学信号获取风力的风向。Step 202. Obtain the wind direction of the wind force according to the at least two preset positions and the corresponding mechanical signals.

在本步骤中,根据检测点在处于至少两个预设位置时检测到的力学信号,并利用伯努利方程计算风力的风向,以得到旋转部件的转动轴与风向之间的夹角,利用伯努利方程计算风速的过程为现有技术,在此不再赘述。In this step, according to the mechanical signals detected when the detection points are in at least two preset positions, the wind direction of the wind force is calculated using the Bernoulli equation, so as to obtain the angle between the rotation axis of the rotating component and the wind direction, using The process of calculating the wind speed by the Bernoulli equation is a prior art, and will not be repeated here.

在实际应用中,旋转部件可以为风力发电机上的导流罩等。In practical applications, the rotating component may be a wind deflector on the wind generator or the like.

在本实施例中,通过检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号,可以直接检测旋转部件在旋转过程中所承载的风力产生的力学信号,检测到的作用在桨叶上的力学信号的精确度高、误差小,然后根据上述力学信号可以计算得到精确度高的风向。In this embodiment, by detecting the mechanical signal when the detection point on the rotating component is at least two preset positions, the mechanical signal generated by the wind force carried by the rotating component during the rotation can be directly detected. The mechanical signal on the blade has high precision and small error, and then the wind direction with high precision can be calculated according to the above mechanical signal.

图3为本发明风力检测的方法第二实施例的流程图,图4为本实施例中检测点的运动轨迹示意图。本实施例中,在旋转部件的检测点位置安装力学传感器,力学传感器可以检测到风力在检测点位置处的压力信号、拉力信号和压强信号中的至少一种;其中,加速度传感器和力学传感器在旋转部件带动下同步转动;在旋转部件的旋转过程中,可以通过加速度传感器检测安装旋转部件上检测点处的力学传感器的位置信号,力学传感器和加速度传感器的连线与旋转部件的转动轴相交。如图3所示,本实施例中风力检测的方法具体包括如下步骤:FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the second embodiment of the method for detecting wind force according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the movement trajectory of the detection points in this embodiment. In this embodiment, a mechanical sensor is installed at the detection point of the rotating part, and the mechanical sensor can detect at least one of the pressure signal, tension signal and pressure signal of the wind force at the detection point; wherein, the acceleration sensor and the mechanical sensor are in The rotating part is driven to rotate synchronously; during the rotation of the rotating part, the position signal of the mechanical sensor at the detection point on the rotating part can be detected by the acceleration sensor, and the connection line between the mechanical sensor and the acceleration sensor intersects with the rotation axis of the rotating part. As shown in Figure 3, the method for wind detection in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

步骤301、通过加速度传感器检测旋转部件上的检测点的位置信号。Step 301. Detect the position signal of the detection point on the rotating component by the acceleration sensor.

在本步骤中,旋转部件绕转动轴旋转时,带动位置传感器和力学传感器绕转动轴做圆周运动,加速度传感器可以检测到力学传感器处于圆周的准确位置。如图4所示,在检测点400转动的圆周上设定两个预设位置,包括第一位置A和第二位置B,第一位置A和第二位置B分别为检测点旋转时经过的圆周与该圆周在水平方向的直径AB相交的位置。设定加速度传感器到达第一位置A或第二位置B,加速度传感器检测得到的加速度为水平预设值,水平预设值可以根据加速度传感器以及旋转部件的转速等参数来设置。In this step, when the rotating component rotates around the axis of rotation, it drives the position sensor and the force sensor to perform circular motion around the axis of rotation, and the acceleration sensor can detect that the force sensor is at an accurate position on the circle. As shown in Figure 4, two preset positions are set on the circumference of the detection point 400 rotation, including a first position A and a second position B, and the first position A and the second position B are respectively passed through when the detection point rotates. The point where a circle intersects the diameter AB of the circle in the horizontal direction. The acceleration sensor is set to reach the first position A or the second position B, and the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor is a horizontal preset value, which can be set according to parameters such as the acceleration sensor and the rotational speed of the rotating component.

当加速度传感器检测到的加速度为水平预设值时,标识力学传感器到达圆周上的第一位置A或第二位置B,则进入步骤302。When the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor is the horizontal preset value, the marker force sensor reaches the first position A or the second position B on the circumference, and then enters step 302 .

步骤302、通过力学传感器检测旋转部件上检测点在至少两个预设位置上的力学信号。Step 302 , using a force sensor to detect force signals of detection points on at least two preset positions on the rotating component.

在本步骤中,基于位置传感器检测到的位置信号确定旋转部件上的检测点处于预设位置时,力学传感器将检测出旋转部件上的检测点的力学信号,包括风力在第一位置A和第二位置B处产生的力学信号后,进入步骤303。In this step, when it is determined based on the position signal detected by the position sensor that the detection point on the rotating component is at a preset position, the mechanical sensor will detect the mechanical signal of the detecting point on the rotating component, including the wind force at the first position A and the second position. After the mechanical signal generated at position B, go to step 303 .

步骤303、根据上述至少两个预设位置及其对应的力学信号获取风力的风向。Step 303: Acquire the wind direction of the wind force according to the at least two preset positions and the corresponding mechanical signals.

在本步骤中,通过位置传感器检测出旋转部件上检测点处于预设位置时的位置信号,通过力学传感器检测出旋转部件上检测点的在预设位置处的力学信号,根据伯努利方程计算风力的风向,从而得到旋转部件的转动轴与风向之间的夹角。In this step, the position signal when the detection point on the rotating part is at the preset position is detected by the position sensor, the mechanical signal at the preset position of the detection point on the rotating part is detected by the mechanical sensor, and calculated according to the Bernoulli equation The wind direction of the wind force, so as to obtain the angle between the rotation axis of the rotating part and the wind direction.

在实际应用中,旋转部件可以为风力发电机上的导流罩;进一步的,利用检测点在各个预设位置处的力学信号,还可以计算得到风力的风速等风力参数。In practical applications, the rotating component can be a wind deflector on the wind generator; furthermore, wind parameters such as wind speed can also be calculated by using the mechanical signals of the detection points at various preset positions.

如图4所示,还可以在检测点400旋转时经过的圆周上设定更多的预设位置。例如,在力学传感器转动的圆周上再设定两个预设位置,分别为第三位置C和第四位置D,第三位置C和第四位置D分别为检测点400旋转时经过的圆周与该圆周在竖直方向的直径CD相交的位置,通过检测四个预设位置处的力学信号,可以更准确地获取风力。As shown in FIG. 4 , more preset positions can also be set on the circle passed by the detection point 400 when it rotates. For example, two preset positions are set on the rotating circle of the force sensor, which are respectively the third position C and the fourth position D. At the positions where the diameters CD in the vertical direction of the circle intersect, the wind force can be obtained more accurately by detecting mechanical signals at four preset positions.

在本实施例中,通过加速度传感器检测旋转部件上的检测点的位置信号,通过力学传感器检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号,从而可直接获得旋转部件在旋转过程中不同位置上承载的风力产生的力学信号,检测到的作用在桨叶上的力学信号的精确度高、误差小,然后根据上述力学信号可计算得到精确度高的风向。In this embodiment, the position signal of the detection point on the rotating component is detected by the acceleration sensor, and the mechanical signal when the detection point on the rotating component is in at least two preset positions is detected by the force sensor, so that the rotation speed of the rotating component can be directly obtained. During the process, the mechanical signals generated by the wind force carried by different positions and the detected mechanical signals acting on the blades have high accuracy and small error, and then the wind direction with high accuracy can be calculated based on the above mechanical signals.

图5为本发明风力检测仪第一实施例的结构示意图。如图5所示,本实施例风力检测仪包括力学传感器501和信号处理器502,其中,力学传感器501用于检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号,在实际应用中,通常将力学传感器安装在旋转部件的前端或者迎风面;信号处理器502用于根据至少两个预设位置及其对应的力学信号获取风力的风向。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the first embodiment of the wind force detector of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the wind force detector in this embodiment includes a mechanical sensor 501 and a signal processor 502, wherein the mechanical sensor 501 is used to detect the mechanical signal when the detection point on the rotating part is at least two preset positions, in practice In application, the mechanical sensor is usually installed on the front end or the windward side of the rotating component; the signal processor 502 is used to obtain the wind direction of the wind force according to at least two preset positions and corresponding mechanical signals.

在本实施例中,通过力学传感器检测旋转部件上的检测点处于至少两个预设位置时的力学信号,可以直接检测旋转部件在旋转过程中所承载的风力产生的力学信号,检测到的旋转部件上力学信号的精确度高、误差小,然后根据上述力学信号可以计算得到精确度高的风向。In this embodiment, by using the mechanical sensor to detect the mechanical signal when the detection point on the rotating component is at least two preset positions, the mechanical signal generated by the wind force carried by the rotating component during the rotation can be directly detected, and the detected rotation The mechanical signal on the component has high precision and small error, and then the wind direction with high precision can be calculated according to the above mechanical signal.

图6为本发明风力检测仪第二实施例的结构示意图。如图6所示,在如图5所示风力检测仪的基础上,本实施例中的风力检测仪还包括位置传感器503,位置传感器503与信号处理器502连接,用于检测旋转部件上的检测点的位置信号,也就是检测安装在检测点位置处的力学传感器501的位置信号,信号处理器502基于位置传感器503检测到的位置信号确定旋转部件上的检测点处于预设位置时,获取力学传感器检测旋转部件上检测点的力学信号,信号处理器502根据力学传感器501在预设位置处检测得到的力学信号,利用伯努利方程可以计算出风力的风向。Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the wind force detector of the present invention. As shown in Figure 6, on the basis of the wind detector shown in Figure 5, the wind detector in this embodiment also includes a position sensor 503, the position sensor 503 is connected with the signal processor 502, and is used to detect The position signal of the detection point, that is, the position signal of the mechanical sensor 501 installed at the position of the detection point is detected. When the signal processor 502 determines that the detection point on the rotating part is at a preset position based on the position signal detected by the position sensor 503, it obtains The mechanical sensor detects the mechanical signal of the detection point on the rotating component, and the signal processor 502 can calculate the wind direction of the wind force according to the mechanical signal detected by the mechanical sensor 501 at the preset position by using the Bernoulli equation.

进一步的,信号处理器还可以根据至少两个预设位置及其对应的力学信号获取风力的风速等风力参数。Further, the signal processor can also acquire wind parameters such as wind speed and wind force according to at least two preset positions and corresponding mechanical signals.

在实际应用中,力学传感器501可以包括压力传感器、拉力传感器和压强传感器中的一种或多种,压力传感器、拉力传感器和压强传感器分别用于检测检测点的压力信号、拉力信号和压强信号;位置传感器503可以为加速度传感器;基于位置传感器503检测到的位置信号确定旋转部件上的检测点处于预设位置时,力学传感器501检测旋转部件上的检测点的力学信号。参阅图4,第一位置A和第二位置B为检测点旋转时经过的圆周与该圆周在水平方向的直径相交的位置,设定位置传感器503处于第一位置A和第二位置B时的加速度为水平预设值,当位置传感器503检测到加速度为水平预设值时,标识力学传感器501处于第一位置A或第二位置B;信号处理器502根据第一位置A和第二位置B对应的力学信号获取风力的风向和风速等风力参数。In practical applications, the force sensor 501 may include one or more of a pressure sensor, a tension sensor and a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor, the tension sensor and the pressure sensor are used to detect the pressure signal, the tension signal and the pressure signal of the detection point respectively; The position sensor 503 may be an acceleration sensor; when it is determined based on the position signal detected by the position sensor 503 that the detection point on the rotating component is at a preset position, the force sensor 501 detects the mechanical signal of the detecting point on the rotating component. Referring to Fig. 4, the first position A and the second position B are the positions where the circle passed by the detection point rotates and the diameter of the circle in the horizontal direction intersects, and the position sensor 503 is set at the first position A and the second position B. The acceleration is a horizontal preset value. When the position sensor 503 detects that the acceleration is a horizontal preset value, the marker force sensor 501 is in the first position A or the second position B; The corresponding mechanical signal obtains wind parameters such as wind direction and wind speed.

图7为本发明风力检测仪第三实施例的结构示意图。如图7所示,本实施例风力检测仪还包括框架504,框架504为圆柱体,本实施例中,以力学传感器501和位置传感器503分别为压力传感器和加速度传感器为例来介绍技术方案。将力学传感器501和位置传感器503固定安装在框架504的表面,以力学传感器501所在的位置为检测点,位置传感器503通过其显示的加速度来标识力学传感器501的位置信号;力学传感器501和位置传感器503之间的连线与框架504旋转时的转动轴平行。参阅图4,在框架504绕转动轴转动过程中,框架504将带动力学传感器501和位置传感器503做圆周运动,基于位置传感器503检测到的位置信号确定力学传感器501处于第一位置A或第二位置B时,力学传感器501检测得到风力产生的压力信号。Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the third embodiment of the wind force detector of the present invention. As shown in Figure 7, the wind force detector in this embodiment also includes a frame 504, which is a cylinder. In this embodiment, the technical solution is introduced by taking the force sensor 501 and the position sensor 503 as an example of a pressure sensor and an acceleration sensor respectively. The force sensor 501 and the position sensor 503 are fixedly installed on the surface of the frame 504, with the position of the force sensor 501 as the detection point, the position sensor 503 identifies the position signal of the force sensor 501 by the acceleration shown by it; the force sensor 501 and the position sensor The line between 503 is parallel to the axis of rotation when the frame 504 rotates. Referring to Fig. 4, during the rotation process of the frame 504 around the rotation axis, the frame 504 will carry the dynamic sensor 501 and the position sensor 503 to make a circular motion, and determine that the force sensor 501 is in the first position A or the second position based on the position signal detected by the position sensor 503. At position B, the mechanical sensor 501 detects the pressure signal generated by the wind force.

在风力检测仪的工作过程中,位置传感器503检测力学传感器501的位置信号并将其位置信号通知信号处理器502,力学传感器501检测风力产生的压力信号并通知信号处理器502,信号处理器502根据位置信号获取力学传感器501处于第一位置A和第二位置B时检测到的压力信号;由于风速和风力所产生的压力信号成正比,因此可以根据第一位置A和第二位置B处的压力信号计算风速,同时,根据上述力学信号还可以计算出风向和风向等风力参数。During the working process of the wind force detector, the position sensor 503 detects the position signal of the force sensor 501 and notifies the signal processor 502 of its position signal, and the force sensor 501 detects the pressure signal generated by the wind force and notifies the signal processor 502, and the signal processor 502 Obtain the pressure signal detected when the mechanical sensor 501 is in the first position A and the second position B according to the position signal; since the pressure signal generated by the wind speed and wind force is proportional, it can be obtained according to the pressure signal at the first position A and the second position B The pressure signal is used to calculate the wind speed. At the same time, wind parameters such as wind direction and wind direction can also be calculated according to the above mechanical signals.

在实际应用中,图7所示的力学传感器501也可以为拉力传感器,通过拉力传感器来检测预设位置的拉力信号,信号处理器根据拉力信号来获取风力的风速、风向等风力参数。In practical applications, the mechanical sensor 501 shown in FIG. 7 can also be a tension sensor, which detects the tension signal at a preset position through the tension sensor, and the signal processor obtains wind parameters such as wind speed and wind direction according to the tension signal.

图8为本发明风力检测仪第四实施例的结构示意图。如图8所示,本实施例中,力学传感器501为压强传感器,为使力学传感器501检测到的压强信号更准确,可以将力学传感器501安装在框架504的内部,以力学传感器501所处的位置为检测点,力学传感器501通过通孔505与外界连通,以减少力学传感器501的较大线速度对所检测压强信号的影响,其中,位置传感器503与通孔505之间的连线与框架504旋转时的转动轴平行。框架504绕转动轴转动时,将带动压强传感器和和加速度传感器503绕旋转部件的转动轴做圆周运动,力学传感器501检测圆周上各个位置的压强信号,位置传感器503检测力学传感器501处于圆周上各个位置时的位置信号。Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the fourth embodiment of the wind force detector of the present invention. As shown in Figure 8, in this embodiment, the mechanical sensor 501 is a pressure sensor. In order to make the pressure signal detected by the mechanical sensor 501 more accurate, the mechanical sensor 501 can be installed inside the frame 504, with the mechanical sensor 501 located The position is the detection point, and the mechanical sensor 501 communicates with the outside world through the through hole 505, so as to reduce the influence of the relatively large linear velocity of the mechanical sensor 501 on the detected pressure signal. The axis of rotation when 504 rotates is parallel. When the frame 504 rotates around the axis of rotation, it will drive the pressure sensor and the acceleration sensor 503 to make a circular motion around the axis of rotation of the rotating component. The force sensor 501 detects pressure signals at various positions on the circle, and the position sensor 503 detects that the force sensor 501 is at each position on the circle. Position signal at position time.

图9为本发明风力检测仪第四实施例的主视图,图10为本发明风力检测仪第四实施例的俯视图。如图9、图10所示,本实施例中的框架为固定在一起的圆柱体5041和平板5042,力学传感器501可以为压力传感器或拉力传感器;通常情况下,力学传感器501和位置传感器503安装在圆柱体5041的表面或平板5042的表面。优选的,力学传感器501安装在平板5042上,以使力学传感器501能充分与气流接触,提高力学传感器501检测到的力学信号的准确度。Fig. 9 is a front view of the fourth embodiment of the wind detector of the present invention, and Fig. 10 is a top view of the fourth embodiment of the wind detector of the present invention. As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the frame in this embodiment is a cylinder 5041 and a flat plate 5042 fixed together, and the force sensor 501 can be a pressure sensor or a tension sensor; usually, the force sensor 501 and the position sensor 503 are installed On the surface of the cylinder 5041 or the surface of the plate 5042. Preferably, the mechanical sensor 501 is installed on the flat plate 5042, so that the mechanical sensor 501 can fully contact the airflow, and improve the accuracy of the mechanical signal detected by the mechanical sensor 501.

进一步的,本实施例中力学传感器501中为压强传感器时,将压强传感器安装在框架的内部,压强传感器通过设置在框架上的通孔与外界气流接触,以减少压强传感器的较大的线速度对所检测压强信号的影响,使压强传感器检测到的风力产生的压强信号更准确、误差更小。Further, in this embodiment, when the mechanical sensor 501 is a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is installed inside the frame, and the pressure sensor is in contact with the external air flow through the through hole arranged on the frame, so as to reduce the larger linear velocity of the pressure sensor The influence on the detected pressure signal makes the pressure signal generated by the wind force detected by the pressure sensor more accurate and has smaller errors.

图11为本发明风力发电机第一实施例的结构示意图。如图11所示,本实施例风力发电机包括桨叶101、导流罩102、发电机103、机舱罩104、塔架105和塔基106,风力检测仪20安装在导流罩102上,其中,风力检测仪50可以采用上述的任意一种结构。在本实施例中,风力检测仪50采用图7所示的结构,并参阅图4,在风力发电机桨叶101和导流罩102在风力作用下转动时,安装在导流罩102前端的风力检测仪50也随之转动,风力检测仪50上的力学传感器501和位置传感器503将做圆周运动,力学传感器501检测风力产生的力学信号,力学信号包括压力信号、拉力信号和压强信号中的至少一种。Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the wind power generator of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11 , the wind power generator in this embodiment includes a blade 101, a wind deflector 102, a generator 103, a nacelle cover 104, a tower 105 and a tower base 106, and the wind force detector 20 is installed on the wind deflector 102, Wherein, the wind force detector 50 may adopt any one of the structures described above. In this embodiment, the wind force detector 50 adopts the structure shown in FIG. 7, and referring to FIG. Wind force detector 50 also rotates thereupon, and mechanical sensor 501 and position sensor 503 on the wind force detector 50 will do circular motion, and mechanical sensor 501 detects the mechanical signal that wind force produces, and mechanical signal comprises pressure signal, tension signal and pressure signal. at least one.

在风力检测仪的工作过程中,位置传感器503将检测力学传感器501的位置信号并通知信号处理器502,信号处理器502获取力学传感器501处于第一位置A和第二位置B时检测到的力学信号,并根据第一位置A和第二位置B处的力学信号计算风向,同时,以得到风向与叶轮101旋转时的转动轴之间的夹角,风力发电机根据上述夹角调整叶轮101和导流罩102的位置,使叶轮101旋转时的转动轴与风向平行以获取更多的风能,提高风力发电机的发电效率。During the working process of the wind force detector, the position sensor 503 will detect the position signal of the force sensor 501 and notify the signal processor 502. signal, and calculate the wind direction according to the mechanical signals at the first position A and the second position B. At the same time, to obtain the angle between the wind direction and the rotation axis of the impeller 101 when it rotates, the wind generator adjusts the impeller 101 and The position of the shroud 102 makes the rotation axis of the impeller 101 parallel to the wind direction to obtain more wind energy and improve the power generation efficiency of the wind power generator.

在实际应用中,除了获取力学传感器501处于第一位置A和第二位置B时所检测到的力学信号,还可以检测力学传感器501处于其它位置时的力学信号,信号处理器502根据上述的力学信号计算得到风速和风向等风力参数。In practical applications, in addition to obtaining the mechanical signals detected when the mechanical sensor 501 is in the first position A and the second position B, it can also detect the mechanical signals when the mechanical sensor 501 is in other positions, and the signal processor 502 according to the above mechanical The signal is calculated to obtain wind parameters such as wind speed and wind direction.

图12为本发明风力发电机第二实施例的结构示意图。如图12所示,本实施例中,风力检测仪中的力学传感器和加速度传感器直接固定在风力发电机的导流罩102前端,而不需要通过框架来安装在导流罩102上,以简化风力发电机的结构,减少制造成本。Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the wind power generator of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 12, in this embodiment, the mechanical sensor and the acceleration sensor in the wind detector are directly fixed on the front end of the wind deflector 102 of the wind generator, and do not need to be installed on the wind deflector 102 through the frame, to simplify The structure of the wind power generator reduces the manufacturing cost.

本发明上述风力发电机的各实施例中,通过将风力检测仪安装在桨叶的上风向,以提高风力检测仪检测到的作用在桨叶风力参数时的精确度,风力发电机根据风力参数调整叶轮旋转时的转动轴以与风向平行,从而提高风力发电机的发电效率,减少风力发电机的偏载荷,延长风力发电机的使用寿命。In each embodiment of the above-mentioned wind power generator of the present invention, the wind power detector is installed in the upwind direction of the blade to improve the accuracy of the detection of the wind power detector when it acts on the wind force parameters of the blade. Adjust the rotation axis of the impeller to be parallel to the wind direction, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the wind generator, reducing the partial load of the wind generator, and prolonging the service life of the wind generator.

可以理解的是,以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式,然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下,可以做出各种变型和改进,这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。It can be understood that, the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted for illustrating the principle of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. a method for wind-force detection, is characterized in that, comprising:
The check point detected on rotary part is in mechanical signal during at least two predeterminated positions;
Described at least two predeterminated positions comprise:
Primary importance and the second place;
Described primary importance and the second place are respectively the position that when described check point rotates, the circumference of process is crossing with this circumference diameter in the horizontal direction;
Wherein, the mechanical signal when check point on described detection rotary part is at least two predeterminated positions comprises:
Detect the position signalling of the check point on described rotary part;
When check point on described rotary part is in predeterminated position, detect the mechanical signal of described check point;
The wind direction of wind-force is obtained according to the mechanical signal of described at least two predeterminated positions and correspondence thereof.
2. the method for wind-force detection according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
The wind speed of wind-force is obtained according to the mechanical signal of described at least two predeterminated positions and correspondence thereof.
3. the method for wind-force detection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described at least two predeterminated positions also comprise:
3rd position and the 4th position;
Circumference and this circumference that described 3rd position and the 4th position are respectively process when described check point rotates are in the crossing position of the diameter of vertical direction.
4. the method for wind-force detection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the position signalling of the check point on the described rotary part of described detection comprises:
The position signalling of the check point on described rotary part is detected by acceleration transducer;
When the acceleration that described acceleration transducer detects is level-preset value, the check point identified on described rotary part is in described primary importance and the second place.
5. the method for wind-force detection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mechanical signal of described check point comprises:
At least one in the pressure signal of described check point, pulling force signal and pressure signal.
6., according to the method that the arbitrary described wind-force of claim 1-5 detects, it is characterized in that, described rotary part is the kuppe of aerogenerator.
7. a wind-force detector, is characterized in that comprising:
Mechanics sensor, the mechanical signal when the check point detected on rotary part is at least two predeterminated positions;
Signal processor, for obtaining the wind direction of wind-force according to the mechanical signal of described at least two predeterminated positions and correspondence thereof;
Position transducer, for detecting the position signalling of the check point on described rotary part;
When the position signalling detected based on described position transducer determines that the check point on described rotary part is in predeterminated position, described mechanics sensor detects the mechanical signal of described check point.
8. wind-force detector according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described signal processor also for:
The wind speed of wind-force is obtained according to the mechanical signal of described at least two predeterminated positions and correspondence thereof.
9. wind-force detector according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described mechanics sensor comprises:
At least one in pressure transducer, pulling force sensor and pressure transducer;
Described pressure transducer, pulling force sensor and pressure transducer are respectively used to detect the pressure signal of described check point, pulling force signal and pressure signal.
10. wind-force detector according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described position transducer comprises:
Acceleration transducer, when the acceleration that described acceleration transducer detects is level-preset value, the check point identified on described rotary part is in primary importance and the second place;
Described primary importance and the second place are respectively the position that when described check point rotates, the circumference of process is crossing with this circumference diameter in the horizontal direction.
11. wind-force detectors according to claim 7, characterized by further comprising:
Framework, described mechanics sensor and position transducer are installed on said frame.
12., according to wind-force detector described in claim 11, is characterized in that, described framework is right cylinder, and described mechanics sensor comprises pressure transducer and/or pulling force sensor;
Described mechanics sensor and position transducer are arranged on the surface of described framework.
13., according to wind-force detector described in claim 11, is characterized in that, described framework is right cylinder, and described mechanics sensor comprises pressure transducer;
Described position transducer is arranged on the surface of described framework;
Described pressure transducer is arranged on the inside of described framework, and is contacted with outer gas stream by through hole.
14., according to wind-force detector described in claim 11, is characterized in that, described framework comprises the right cylinder and flat board that are fixedly connected with, and described mechanics sensor comprises pressure transducer and/or pulling force sensor;
Described mechanics sensor and position transducer are arranged on the surface of described framework.
15., according to wind-force detector described in claim 11, is characterized in that, described framework comprises the right cylinder and flat board that are fixedly connected with, and described mechanics sensor comprises pressure transducer;
Described position transducer is arranged on the surface of described framework;
Described pressure transducer is arranged on the inside of described framework, and is contacted with outer gas stream by through hole.
16. 1 kinds of aerogenerators, is characterized in that, comprise the arbitrary described wind-force detector of claim 7-15.
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