CN103148421A - Suspended LED (light-emitting diode) multispectral shadowless lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp. It includes a rectangular guide rail, a shadowless lamp holder, an air supply ceiling, and an operating table; a rectangular guide rail and an air supply ceiling are arranged above the operating table, and the air supply ceiling is set on the inner side of the rectangular guide rail, and the rectangular guide rail and the air supply ceiling are fixed on the ceiling. There are multiple shadowless lamp holders on it. The lamp base of the shadowless lamp includes the first LED bead S1 to the fifth LED bead S5, a free-form surface collimator lens L, a first dichroic mirror D1 and a second dichroic mirror D2. The invention realizes the adjustment of the lighting angle and the horizontal displacement, improves the shadowless rate of the system, and simplifies the installation procedure of the shadowless lamp. At the same time, the shadowless lamp solves the problem of colored shadows in previous LED surgery shadowless lamps, and improves the recognizability of surgical wound tissue.

Description

A ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp

technical field

The invention relates to a shadowless lighting device, in particular to a ceiling-mounted LED shadowless lamp with adjustable spectrum.

Background technique

The shadowless lamp is one of the most routine and important medical equipment in modern surgery. With the help of the shadowless lamp, medical staff can clearly distinguish the details of the surgical site. Therefore, its lighting quality and ease of use are directly related to the success rate of the operation and the patient. life and health.

Usually, in the operating room, air supply ceilings of different sizes are installed directly above the operating table to send clean air to the table top of the operating table, combined with the air outlets at the lower ends of the walls around the operating room to form a kind of The purified air flow from the center of the operation area to the surrounding area of the operation room prevents germs and dust from remaining in the operation area and reduces the infection rate of the wound. At present, most shadowless lamps have a disc-shaped lamp head with a large area, and their mechanical suspension structure is also relatively heavy. This problem will cause the clean air sent by the air supply ceiling to be disturbed and cannot directly reach the operating area. A vortex is created in the area above the operating table. The appearance of the eddy current will cause the movement of bacteria and dust on the surrounding surgical instruments, reduce the cleanliness of the surgical area, and make the surgical safety not guaranteed. Chinese patent 101551079 proposes a rectangular surgical lighting fixed around the air-supply ceiling. This arrangement improves the purification effect of the operating room, saves the operating room space by eliminating the suspension system of the operating light. However, since each lighting lamp needs to be slotted on the ceiling before installation, the installation remains unchanged, which is not conducive to the secondary transformation of the operating room. In addition, since the position of each lamp head of the system is fixed, only pitch and horizontal rotation can be adjusted, and the shadowless rate at the same position on the operating table is the same (the shadowless rate refers to the illuminance ratio of a specific position when there is occlusion and no occlusion, for As far as surgical lights are concerned, the higher the shadowless rate, the better), but it cannot be guaranteed that all surgical sites can meet the lighting requirements.

At present, halogen lamps are mostly used as shadowless light sources in operating rooms. The high calorific value of halogen lamps will reduce the moisture in the surgical wound and even cause burns, which is not conducive to the operation and postoperative wound healing. In addition, the fixed color temperature of the halogen lamp is around 4100K. This color temperature can meet the basic needs of doctors performing operations, but it cannot achieve ideal resolution and contrast for all lesions. Therefore, people use the method of coating the front lens of the light source or the surface of the reflective bowl to increase the proportion of blue light in the outgoing light and reduce the proportion of red light, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the color temperature. However, this method undoubtedly greatly reduces the light energy utilization rate of the shadowless lamp, and will additionally increase the heat dissipation burden of the shadowless lamp. With the development of semiconductor technology, some shadowless lamps have begun to use LEDs as light sources. This change not only solves the shortcomings of traditional shadowless lamps such as high heat generation, short life, and high energy consumption, but also can easily achieve adjustable color temperature and spectrum control. Existing LED shadowless lamps mainly adjust the color temperature by changing the brightness of LEDs of different colors (such as Chinese patent 201010618747.5), but since the LEDs are arranged separately, for the same position on the operating table, the incident angles of light emitted by LEDs of different colors When these lights encounter obstacles such as scalpels or wounds, colored shadows will appear around them, affecting the resolution of surgical tissues and causing visual fatigue for doctors.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of spectrum-adjustable and LED shadowless lights without colored shadows.

The scheme that the present invention takes in order to solve its technical problem is as follows:

The ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp system includes a rectangular guide rail, a shadowless lamp head, an air supply ceiling, and an operating table; a rectangular guide rail and an air supply ceiling are arranged above the operating table, and the rectangular guide rail and the air supply ceiling are fixed on the ceiling, and the air supply ceiling is set on On the inner side of the rectangular guide rail, multiple shadowless lamp holders are arranged on the rectangular guide rail.

Each side of the rectangular guide rail is provided with 5 to 8 pieces, and the number of lamp caps on each side is equal.

The lamp holder of the shadowless lamp includes first to fifth LED beads, a free-form collimator lens, a first dichroic mirror and a second dichroic mirror.

The single power of the first to fifth LED beads is 1W to 3W, wherein the color of the first LED bead is neutral white, and the colors of the second to fifth LED bead are in order. The second is red, cyan, green, blue.

The first dichroic mirror is provided with a first coated surface and a second coated surface, and the second dichroic mirror is provided with a third coated surface and a fourth coated surface.

The manufacturing method of described free-form surface collimating lens comprises the steps:

Step 1: Design the initial structure of the free-form surface lens for point light source collimation. The shape of the refraction surface of the free-form surface lens is determined by the following formula:

The surface shape of the reflective surface is determined by the following formula:

)；对于反射面公式θ，的取值范围是[

，π/2]，其中

是折射面所能收集光线的最大角度； Among them, z is the coordinate of the z-axis in the direction of light propagation, ω is the angle between the incident light and the z-axis after the incident light is refracted by the refraction surface or reflected by the reflection surface, parallel light is ω = 0, and h is the distance between the light source and the apex of the refraction surface , d is the distance between the vertex of the refraction surface and the origin of the coordinates, R1 is the semi-diameter of the lower end surface of the lens, n is the refractive index of the lens, θ is the angle between the incident light and the z-axis, for the refraction surface formula, the value range of θ is [0,

); for the reflection surface formula θ, the value range is [

, π/2], where

is the maximum angle at which light can be collected by the refracting surface;

Step 2: Model parameterization. First, the data points to be optimized on the refraction surface curve AB are determined by the following equation:

和N1分别为折射面曲线AB上的待优化数据点及其数量，反射面曲线CD上的待优化数据点可由如下等式确定： in,

and N1 are the data points to be optimized on the refraction surface curve AB and their numbers respectively, and the data points to be optimized on the reflective surface curve CD can be determined by the following equation:

和N2分为反射面曲线CD上待优化数据点及其数量。在每轮优化迭代中，各待优化数据点的坐标可由以下两式重新计算得到 in,

and N2 are divided into data points and their numbers to be optimized on the reflective surface curve CD. In each round of optimization iterations, the coordinates of each data point to be optimized can be recalculated by the following two formulas

的坐标，

为点

的坐标，

为光源距离

的距离，为入射光线与圆柱面曲线BC交点离

的距离，和

分别为对应于

和

点的入射光线与z轴的夹角，根据该组数据点解出对应的控制点及节点向量，然后根据控制点及节点向量构建出折射面和反射面的轮廓曲线，将该轮廓曲线在旋转360°即可得到重构的模型； in, for the point

coordinate of,

for the point

coordinate of,

is the light source distance

distance, is the distance between the incident ray and the intersection point of the cylindrical surface curve BC

distance, and

corresponding to

and

The angle between the incident light of the point and the z-axis, the corresponding control point and node vector are solved according to the set of data points, and then the contour curve of the refraction surface and the reflection surface is constructed according to the control point and node vector, and the contour curve is rotated 360° can get the reconstructed model;

Step 3: Establish an evaluation function, the evaluation function MF is determined by the following formula:

为从透镜出射的所有光线与z轴正方向的夹角的均方差，M为采样光线的数量，然后选取光强呈朗伯体分布的1mm×1mm的面光源导入光学软件Tracepro进行优化，使评价函数MF收敛； in, is the angle between each light emitted from the lens and the positive direction of the z-axis,

is the mean square error of the included angle between all the light rays emitted from the lens and the positive direction of the z-axis, M is the number of sampled light rays, and then select a 1mm×1mm surface light source with a Lambertian distribution of light intensity and import it into the optical software Tracepro for optimization, so that The evaluation function MF converges;

Step 4: The refraction surface and the reflection surface are connected by a cylindrical surface, and the exit surface is the larger circular exit of the reflection surface. Input the data of the refraction surface, reflection surface, cylinder surface and exit surface into the 3D modeling software to build a model, and the model It can be processed and formed by importing a five-axis machine tool; the light emitted by the light source passes through the refraction of the refraction surface and the total internal reflection of the reflection surface, and emerges from the exit surface in the form of parallel light; the lens is a total internal reflection structure, and about the z coordinate axis Rotational symmetry, light collection half angle is 90°.

The beneficial effect that the present invention has compared with prior art is:

1) The present invention integrates a plurality of LED shadowless lighting lamp holders on a rectangular guide rail, and the rectangular guide rail is distributed on the periphery of the air supply ceiling. When this system is installed, there is no need to make grooves on the ceiling, which simplifies the installation of the ceiling-mounted shadowless lamp. Installation process. Due to the structural characteristics of the system, it will not hinder or disturb the purified airflow in the operating room, which improves the sterility of the surgical site;

2) The shadowless lamp head can move horizontally along the guide rail while adjusting the pitch and rotation angle, which improves the shadowless rate of the operating room lighting;

3) The lamp head of the shadowless lighting lamp according to the present invention uses LEDs of various colors as the light source, and the spectrum of the surgical lamp can be adjusted according to the needs, so as to better distinguish the surgical site, reduce the visual fatigue of the doctor, and improve the success rate of the operation ;

4) The lamp head of the shadowless lighting lamp described in the present invention adopts the optical system of a collimating lens and a dichroic mirror, which realizes color mixing with high uniformity and solves the problem of color shadows in the past LED shadowless lamps.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a bottom view of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp;

Figure 2 is a side view of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp;

Figure 3 is the optical structure diagram of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp head;

Figure 4(a) is a top view of the collimating lens in the lamp holder of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp;

Fig. 4 (b) is the perspective view of the collimating lens in the head of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp;

Fig. 4 (c) is the front view of the collimating lens in the head of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp;

Fig. 4(d) is a side view of the collimating lens in the head of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp;

Fig. 5 (a) is the schematic diagram of the ray relationship on the collimating lens profile refraction curve used in the present invention;

Fig. 5 (b) is the schematic diagram of the ray relationship on the collimating lens profile reflection curve used in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the method for selecting data points to be optimized on the collimating lens profile curve used in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the simulation result of the exit light angle of the collimator lens used in the present invention;

Figure 8(a) is a top view of the dichroic mirror in the lamp holder of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp;

Figure 8(b) is a perspective view of the dichroic mirror in the lamp holder of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp;

Fig. 8 (c) is the front view of the dichroic mirror in the cap of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp of the present invention;

Fig. 8 (d) is the side view of the dichroic mirror in the cap of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp of the present invention;

Figure 9(a) is a schematic diagram of the color mixing effect of the light emitted by the lamp head of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp on the target surface;

Figure 9(b) is the illuminance distribution diagram of the light emitted by the lamp head of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp on the target surface;

Figure 9(c) shows the illuminance distribution of the light emitted from the lamp head of the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp on the cross-section of the center point of the target surface.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp system includes a rectangular guide rail 1, a shadowless lamp head 2, an air supply ceiling 3, and an operating table 4; The guide rail 1 and the air-supply ceiling 3 are fixed on the ceiling 5, the air-supply ceiling 3 is arranged on the inside of the rectangular guide rail 1, and the rectangular guide rail 1 is provided with a plurality of shadowless lamp caps 2.

As shown in FIG. 1 , there are 5 to 8 pieces on each side of the rectangular guide rail 1 , and the number of lamp caps on each side is equal.

As shown in Figure 3, the lamp holder 2 of the shadowless lamp includes the first LED bead S1 to the fifth LED bead S5, a free-form surface collimator lens L, the first dichroic mirror D1 and the second dichroic mirror D2.

As shown in Figure 3, the single power of the first LED lamp bead S1~fifth LED lamp bead S5 is 1W~3W, wherein the color of the first LED lamp bead S1 is neutral white, and the color of the second LED lamp bead The colors of S2 to the fifth LED bead S5 are red, cyan, green, and blue in sequence.

As shown in Figure 3, the first dichroic mirror D1 is provided with a first coating surface D1.1 and a second coating surface D1.2, and the second dichroic mirror D2 is provided with a third coating Surface D2.1 and the fourth coating surface D2.2.

As shown in Figures 4-6, the manufacturing method of the free-form surface collimator lens L comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Design the initial structure of the free-form surface lens for point light source collimation. The surface shape of the refraction surface L1 of the free-form surface lens is determined by the following formula:

The surface shape of the reflective surface L2 is determined by the following formula:

)；对于反射面公式θ，的取值范围是[

，π/2]，其中

是折射面所能收集光线的最大角度； Among them, z is the coordinate of the z-axis in the direction of light propagation, ω is the angle between the incident light and the z-axis after the incident light is refracted by the refraction surface L1 or reflected by the reflection surface L2, parallel light is ω = 0, h is the distance from the light source to the refraction surface L1 The distance of the vertex, d is the distance between the vertex of the refraction surface and the origin of the coordinates, R1 is the semi-diameter of the lower end surface of the lens, n is the refractive index of the lens, θ is the angle between the incident light and the z-axis, for the refraction surface formula, θ is The value range is [0,

); for the reflection surface formula θ, the value range is [

, π/2], where

is the maximum angle at which light can be collected by the refracting surface;

Step 2: Model parameterization. First, the data points to be optimized on the refraction surface curve AB are determined by the following equation:

和N1分别为折射面曲线AB上的待优化数据点及其数量，反射面曲线CD上的待优化数据点可由如下等式确定： in,

and N1 are the data points to be optimized on the refraction surface curve AB and their numbers respectively, and the data points to be optimized on the reflective surface curve CD can be determined by the following equation:

和N2分为反射面曲线CD上待优化数据点及其数量。在每轮优化迭代中，各待优化数据点的坐标可由以下两式重新计算得到 in,

and N2 are divided into data points and their numbers to be optimized on the reflective surface curve CD. In each round of optimization iterations, the coordinates of each data point to be optimized can be recalculated by the following two formulas

为点

的坐标，

为点的坐标，

为光源距离

的距离，

为入射光线与圆柱面曲线BC交点离

的距离，

和分别为对应于

和

点的入射光线与z轴的夹角，根据该组数据点解出对应的控制点及节点向量，然后根据控制点及节点向量构建出折射面L1和反射面L2的轮廓曲线，将该轮廓曲线在旋转360°即可得到重构的模型； in,

for the point

coordinate of,

for the point coordinate of,

is the light source distance

distance,

is the distance between the incident ray and the intersection point of the cylindrical surface curve BC

distance,

and corresponding to

and

The angle between the incident ray of the point and the z-axis, the corresponding control points and node vectors are solved according to the set of data points, and then the contour curves of the refraction surface L1 and the reflection surface L2 are constructed according to the control points and node vectors, and the contour curves The reconstructed model can be obtained after rotating 360°;

Step 3: Establish an evaluation function, the evaluation function MF is determined by the following formula:

in, is the angle between each light emitted from the lens and the positive direction of the z-axis, is the mean square error of the included angle between all the light rays emitted from the lens and the positive direction of the z-axis, M is the number of sampled light rays, and then select a 1mm×1mm surface light source with a Lambertian distribution of light intensity and import it into the optical software Tracepro for optimization, so that The evaluation function MF converges;

Step 4: The refraction surface L1 and the reflection surface L2 are connected through the cylindrical surface L3, and the exit surface L4 is the larger circular exit of the reflection surface L2. Input the data of the refraction surface L1, reflection surface L2, cylindrical surface L3 and exit surface L4 into 3D Modeling software builds a model, and imports the model into a five-axis machine tool for processing; the light emitted by the light source passes through the refraction of the refraction surface L1 and the total internal reflection of the reflection surface L2, and emerges from the exit surface L4 in the form of parallel light; the lens It is a total internal reflection structure, and it is rotationally symmetrical about the z coordinate axis, and the half angle of light collection is 90°.

Example

为

，手术室天花板的高度d4为2000mm。无影灯灯头2分布在送风天花3的外圈，不会给手术室净化空气带来扰动和阻碍，采用本发明的手术室净化效果大大提高，降低了伤口的术后感染率，而且安装简单，便于现有手术室的改造。 In the present invention, a rectangular guide rail 1 is installed around the air-supply ceiling 3 facing the operating table 4 in the central area of the operating room ceiling 5, and a plurality of operating lighting lamp holders 2 are integrated on the guide rail, and the lighting angle can be adjusted through a motor-driven movement mechanism. And horizontal movement, greatly improving the shadowless rate of surgical lights. Among them, the side length d1 of the rectangle is 2500mm, and five shadowless lamp holders are evenly distributed on each side of the guide rail. The size of the operating table is

for

, The height d4 of the operating room ceiling is 2000mm. The lamp holders 2 of the shadowless lamp are distributed on the outer ring of the air supply ceiling 3, which will not disturb and hinder the purification of the air in the operating room. The purification effect of the operating room by the present invention is greatly improved, the postoperative infection rate of the wound is reduced, and the installation is simple. Facilitate the transformation of existing operating rooms.

的发散角依次进入二向合色镜D1和第二二向合色镜D2，所有LED发出的光线混合在一起后，经由第二二向合色镜D2的最后一面出射到手术台4。 The important innovation and technical difficulty of the present invention is to propose an optical structure of an illumination shadowless lamp with adjustable spectrum and uniform color mixing. Referring to the preferred example in Fig. 3, the lighting shadowless lamp lamp holder 2 of the present invention is composed of LED lamp beads S1~LED lamp beads S5, a free-form surface collimator lens L, a first dichroic mirror D1 and a second dichroic mirror D2 . The light intensity emitted by LED lamp bead S1~LED lamp bead S5 is similar to the light distributed by Lambertian body. Under the action of collimating lens L on free-form surface,

The divergence angle of the LED enters the dichroic mirror D1 and the second dichroic mirror D2 in sequence, and after the light emitted by all LEDs is mixed together, it exits to the operating table 4 through the last side of the second dichroic mirror D2.

In this embodiment, the selection of LED lamp beads is shown in Table 1:

Table 1 The preferred examples of the present invention select the relevant parameters of LEDs

the code color Luminous flux (lm)350mA dominant wavelength Bandwidth/nm Maximum power S5 blue 41±2 475nm 20 3w S4 blue 83±3 505nm 20 3w S3 green 102±1 520nm 20 3w S2 red 53±3 620nm 20 3w S1 neutral white 120 4100K 380-780 3w

In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the free-form surface collimator lens L comprises a refracting surface L1, a reflecting surface L2, a cylindrical surface L3, an outgoing surface L4, and the refracting surface L1 and the reflecting surface L2 are connected through a cylindrical surface L3, and the outgoing surface L4 is perpendicular to the positive direction of light propagation; the light emitted by the light source passes through the refraction of the refraction surface L1 and the total internal reflection of the reflection surface L2, and emerges from the exit surface L4 in the form of parallel light; the lens is a total internal reflection structure, and about The z coordinate axis is rotationally symmetric, and the half angle of light collection is 90°. The design of this lens can be carried out as follows.

Step 1: Design the initial structure of the free-form surface lens for point light source collimation. Fig. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the light relationship on the refraction surface in the free-form surface lens profile for LED collimation, and Fig. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the light relationship on the reflection surface in the free-form surface lens profile for LED collimation. Referring to Figure 5, select the initial design parameters of the lens as shown in Table 2.

Table 2 The initial parameters of the lens design in the embodiment of the present invention

h d θ

ω no 6mm 5mm [0,π/2] 30° 0 1.4935

Substituting the parameters in Table 2 into the following formula can determine the refractive surface L1 of the free-form surface lens:

Substituting the parameters in Table 2 into the following formula can determine the reflection surface L2 of the free-form surface lens:

)，对于反射面公式θ的取值范围是[

，π/2]，其中

是折射面所能收集光线的最大角度。 Among them, z is the coordinate of the z-axis in the light propagation direction, ω is the angle between the incident light and the z-axis after the incident light is refracted by the refraction surface S1 or reflected by the reflection surface S2, parallel light is ω = 0, h is the distance from the light source to the refraction surface S1 The distance of the vertex, d is the distance between the vertex of the refraction surface and the coordinate origin, R1 is the semi-diameter of the lower end surface of the lens, the lens material is Pmma plastic, and the refractive index n is 1.4935. θ is the angle between the incident light and the z-axis. For the refraction surface formula, the value range of θ is [0,

), the value range of the reflection surface formula θ is [

, π/2], where

It is the maximum angle at which light can be collected by the refracting surface.

Step 2: Parameterize the initial structural model obtained in Step 1. Referring to Fig. 6, the data point to be optimized on the refraction surface curve AB can be determined by the following equation:

和N1分别为折射面曲线AB上的待优化数据点及其数量。反射面曲线CD上的待优化数据点可由如下等式确定： in,

and N1 are the data points to be optimized and their numbers on the refraction surface curve AB, respectively. The data points to be optimized on the reflective surface curve CD can be determined by the following equation:

和，并选择各点对应的

和

作为优化变量。在每轮优化迭代中，各待优化数据点的坐标可由以下两式重新计算得到 in, and N2 are divided into data points and their numbers to be optimized on the reflective surface curve CD. Too many data points to be optimized on the contour of the free-form surface will reduce the optimization efficiency, and too few will reduce the accuracy of model reconstruction. Here we set N1 = 4 and N2 = 5. According to each discrete optimization data point, the LED light emitting angle corresponding to each discrete point can be obtained by interpolation operation

and , and select the points corresponding to

and

as an optimization variable. In each round of optimization iterations, the coordinates of each data point to be optimized can be recalculated by the following two formulas

为点

的坐标，

为光源距离

的距离，

为入射光线与圆柱面曲线BC交点离的距离，

和

分别为对应于

和

点的入射光线与z轴的夹角。根据该组数据点解出对应的控制点及节点向量，然后根据控制点及节点向量构建出折射面L1和反射面L2的轮廓曲线。将该轮廓曲线在旋转360°即可得到重构的模型。 in, for the point coordinate of,

for the point

coordinate of,

is the light source distance

distance,

is the distance between the incident ray and the intersection point of the cylindrical surface curve BC distance,

and

corresponding to

and

The angle between the incident ray at the point and the z-axis. The corresponding control points and node vectors are solved according to the set of data points, and then the contour curves of the refraction surface L1 and the reflection surface L2 are constructed according to the control points and node vectors. The reconstructed model can be obtained by rotating the contour curve 360°.

Step 3: Establish the evaluation function MF determined by the following formula:

为从出射面L4出射的各光线与z轴正方向的夹角，

为从出射面L4出射的所有光线与z轴正方向的夹角的平均值，M为采样点的数量。 in,

is the angle between each light emitted from the exit surface L4 and the positive direction of the z-axis,

is the average value of the angles between all the rays emitted from the exit surface L4 and the positive direction of the z-axis, and M is the number of sampling points.

，因此，在光学软件中建立

且光强成朗伯体分布的面光源和自由曲面透镜的初始结构，利用数学软件Matlab和光学软件Tracepro进行反复的光线追迹和优化，使MF收敛持续收敛至极小值0.013842后优化自动停止，可得到满足设计要求的自由曲面透镜，参照附图4和附图5，其结构参数如表3所示。 Step 4: At present, the most common LED chip size on the market is

, therefore, to build in the optical software

The initial structure of the surface light source and the free-form surface lens with the light intensity distributed in a Lambertian body, using the mathematical software Matlab and the optical software Tracepro to perform repeated ray tracing and optimization, so that the MF convergence continues to converge to the minimum value of 0.013842, and then the optimization stops automatically. A free-form surface lens meeting the design requirements can be obtained. Referring to accompanying drawings 4 and 5, its structural parameters are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Structural parameters of the embodiment of the present invention

h h R1 R2 6mm 16.2mm 5mm 15.5mm

大小LED芯片发出光线能量的99%都集中在与z轴

的夹角内。 Among them, h is the distance from the light source to the vertex of the refracting surface L1, H is the height of the free-form surface lens, R1 is the radius of the lower end surface of the free-form surface lens, and R2 is the radius of the exit surface of the free-form surface lens. Import the free-form surface collimator lens into the optical software, and trace it with 1 million rays. Referring to Figure 7, the lens can

99% of the light energy emitted by large and small LED chips is concentrated on the z-axis

within the included angle.

In this preferred example, with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 8, the dichroic mirror D is a cube, and its side length d6 is 40mm, and its coated surface has high reflectivity for corresponding wavebands respectively, and the remaining wavebands have high transmittance, the specific parameters As shown in Table 4.

Table 4 The parameters of the dichroic mirror D1 and D2 in the preferred example of the present invention

surface code Corresponding LED Dominant wavelength reflectance Full width at half maximum of the reflectance curve D1.1 S2 95%620nm 20nm D1.2 S3 95%520nm 20nm D2.1 S4 95%505nm 20nm D2.2 S5 95%475nm 20nm

Utilize the selected LED in Table 1, the collimating lens L designed in the present invention and the dichroic mirror D model, set up the model of the shadowless lamp lamp head in the optical simulation software Tracepro, and the receiving surface distance is set as 2m, can be The results shown in Figure 9 are obtained. It can be seen that the size of the light spot on the operating table is about 20 cm, and the color mixing is uniform.

The above descriptions are only preferred example results of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention .

Claims (6)

1. A ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp system, characterized in that it includes a rectangular guide rail (1), a shadowless lamp head (2), an air supply ceiling (3), and an operating table (4); above the operating table (4) there is The rectangular guide rail (1), the air supply ceiling (3), the rectangular guide rail (1), the air supply ceiling (3) are fixed on the ceiling (5), the air supply ceiling (3) is set on the inner side of the rectangular guide rail (1), and the rectangular guide rail (1) is fixed on the ceiling (5). A plurality of shadowless lamp holders (2) are arranged on the guide rail (1). 2. A ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp system according to claim 1, characterized in that, each side of the rectangular guide rail (1) is provided with 5 to 8 pieces, and the number of lamp caps on each side is equal . 3. A ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lamp holder (2) of the shadowless lamp includes the first LED bead (S1) to the fifth LED bead (S5) , a free-form surface collimator lens (L), a first dichroic mirror (D1) and a second dichroic mirror (D2). 4. A ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the single power of the first LED bead (S1) to the fifth LED bead (S5) is 1W ~3W, where the color of the first LED (S1) is neutral white, and the colors of the second LED (S2)~fifth LED (S5) are red, cyan, green, and blue in sequence. 5. A ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp system according to claim 3, characterized in that the first dichroic mirror (D1) is provided with a first coating surface (D1.1) and The second coating surface (D1.2), and the second dichroic mirror (D2) are provided with a third coating surface (D2.1) and a fourth coating surface (D2.2). 6. A ceiling-mounted LED multi-spectrum shadowless lamp system according to claim 3, characterized in that the manufacturing method of the free-form surface collimating lens (L) comprises the following steps: Step 1: Design the initial structure of the free-form surface lens for point light source collimation. The shape of the refraction surface (L1) of the free-form surface lens is determined by the following formula:

The surface type of the reflective surface (L2) is determined by the following formula: Among them, z is the coordinate of the z-axis in the direction of light propagation, ω is the angle between the incident light and the z-axis after being refracted by the refraction surface (L1) or reflected by the reflection surface (L2), parallel light means ω = 0, and h is the light source The distance from the apex of the refraction surface (L1), d is the distance between the apex of the refraction surface and the coordinate origin, R1 is the semi-diameter of the lower end surface of the lens, n is the refractive index of the lens, θ is the angle between the incident light and the z-axis, for Refractive surface formula, the value range of θ is [ 0,

); for the reflection surface formula θ, the value range is [

, π/2], where

is the maximum angle at which light can be collected by the refracting surface; Step 2: Model parameterization. First, the data points to be optimized on the refraction surface curve AB are determined by the following equation:

in, and N1 are the data points to be optimized on the refraction surface curve AB and their numbers respectively, and the data points to be optimized on the reflective surface curve CD can be determined by the following equation:

in,

and N2 are divided into data points and their quantities to be optimized on the reflective surface curve CD; In each round of optimization iterations, the coordinates of each data point to be optimized can be recalculated by the following two formulas

in,

for the point coordinate of,

for the point coordinate of,

is the light source distance

distance,

is the distance between the incident ray and the intersection point of the cylindrical surface curve BC

distance,

and

corresponding to

and According to the angle between the incident light of the point and the z-axis, the corresponding control points and node vectors are solved according to the set of data points, and then the contour curves of the refraction surface (L1) and reflection surface (L2) are constructed according to the control points and node vectors, The reconstructed model can be obtained by rotating the contour curve 360°; Step 3: Establish an evaluation function, the evaluation function MF is determined by the following formula:

in,

is the angle between each light emitted from the lens and the positive direction of the z-axis,

is the mean square error of the included angle between all the light rays emitted from the lens and the positive direction of the z-axis, M is the number of sampled light rays, and then select a 1mm×1mm surface light source with a Lambertian distribution of light intensity and import it into the optical software Tracepro for optimization, so that The evaluation function MF converges; Step 4: The refraction surface (L1) and the reflection surface (L2) are connected by a cylindrical surface (L3), the exit surface (L4) is the larger circular exit of the reflection surface (L2), and the refraction surface (L1), reflection surface (L2), cylindrical surface (L3) and exit surface (L4) input data into 3D modeling software to build a model, and then import the model into a five-axis machine tool for processing; the light emitted by the light source is refracted and reflected by the refracting surface (L1) The total internal reflection of the surface (L2) emerges from the exit surface (L4) in the form of parallel light; the lens is a total internal reflection structure, and is rotationally symmetrical about the z coordinate axis, and the half angle of light collection is 90°.

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