CN103134639A - Super-miniature rotor dynamic balancing measuring method and equipment for complementing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical dynamics and vibration testing, in particular to a method for measuring the dynamic balance of an ultra-miniature rotor and equipment for implementing the method. The method includes the following steps: 1) setting a damping device on the supporting device, the damping device is a single-degree-of-freedom damping device, placing the supporting device at the resonance point of the dynamic balancing machine through the supporting member; The micro-rotor is placed on the support device; 3) Connect the motor for the transmission of the ultra-micro-rotor to be tested; 4) Start the balancing machine and the motor; 5) Adjust the damping coefficient of the damping device, the stiffness of the support device and the ultra-micro-rotor to be tested 6) Measure the vibration signal of the ultra-miniature rotor to be tested and upload it to the computer after being amplified, analyzed and processed; 7) Get the measurement through computer processing As a result, the present invention realizes the measurement of the dynamic balance of ultra-miniature rotors at relatively low rotational speeds.

Description

Superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring method and the equipment of implementing the method

Technical field

The present invention relates to mechanical kinetics and vibration test technology field, especially a kind of superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring method and the equipment of implementing the method.

Background technology

Near 1, its transient equilibrium is very difficult because of its quality little (less than 10g), size little (diameter is less than 10mm), length-diameter ratio for the superminiature rotor.Because working speed is high, high to the aequum accuracy requirement, the dynamic balance method of existing soft underprop and hard supporting all can't invalidly be realized the measurement of the amount of unbalance of superminiature rotor.

For the soft-bearing dynamic balance machine, balancing speed requires balancing speed high more than the resonance point of system.Except easy damaged rotor bearing surface, also can cause because of the variation of friction factor the autovibration of system.Because amount of unbalance is minimum, be subjected to the impact of the factors such as frame, belt gear, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is low, is difficult to separate unbalanced signal.

For hard bearing dynamic balancing machine, balancing speed requires balancing speed low below the resonance point of system.Because balancing speed is low, the signal gets too small that amount of unbalance causes, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is little, is difficult to equally separate unbalanced signal.

In sum, also do not have to carry out the device of dynamic balancing measurement to the superminiature rotor at present on market.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring method, to realize the dynamically balanced measurement to the superminiature rotor under lower rotating speed.

Simultaneously, the present invention also aims to provide the superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring equipment of implementing said method.

In order to address the above problem, superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring method of the present invention is by the following technical solutions: superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring method, comprise the following steps: 1) on for the fulcrum arrangement that supports superminiature rotor to be measured, damping unit is set, fulcrum arrangement comprises rest pad and is located at that rest pad is the bottom, supporting member that rigidity is adjustable, damping unit is the single-degree-of-freedom damping unit, described fulcrum arrangement is placed in the resonance point place of dynamic balancing machine by supporting member; 2) superminiature rotor to be measured is placed on described fulcrum arrangement; 3) be the superminiature rotor to be measured motor that is in transmission connection; 4) open dynamic balancing machine and motor; 5) adjust the ratio of damping of damping unit and adjust the rigidity of fulcrum arrangement by adjusting supporting member, adjust the balancing speed of superminiature rotor to be measured by motor, make the resonant frequency of superminiature rotor to be measured and amplitude reach setting value; 6) measure the vibration signal of superminiature rotor to be measured by vibration transducer and by data acquisition module, described vibration signal is amplified, analyzes and process after be uploaded to computing machine; 7) process by computing machine and draw measurement result, its computation process is as follows:

$F_e={\mathrm{ne\ω}}^2\≈\frac{{\mathrm{men}}^2}{100},$

Wherein Fe is the centrifugal force of superminiature rotor to be measured, and e is the eccentric throw of superminiature rotor to be measured, and ω is the angular velocity of rotor, and n is the rotating speed of rotor;

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="X"\; filenames="HDA00002804607700041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}_0=\frac{F_e}{\sqrt{{[k-{\mathrm{\&omega;}}^2(m+M)]}^2+{\left(\mathrm{\&omega;c}\right)}^2}},$

Wherein X0 is that superminiature rotor to be measured is in the radial vibration displacement at place, two ends, k is the rigidity of fulcrum arrangement, and M is the gross mass of fulcrum arrangement and damping unit, and m is the quality of superminiature rotor to be measured, c is the ratio of damping of damping unit, the vibration acceleration between superminiature two ends of rotor to be measured:

$\stackrel{\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;}{X}=\frac{\mathrm{me}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}^2}{\sqrt{{(\frac{k}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}^2}-m-M)}^2+{\left(\frac{c}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}\right)}^2}}.$

Described motor is connected with frequency converter, and frequency converter is connected with data acquisition module, and data acquisition module also is connected with the speed probe of the rotating speed of measuring superminiature rotor to be measured.

Described rest pad is V-shaped, and damping unit is the oil damper that is located at the fulcrum arrangement both sides.

Described supporting member is support spring.

Described vibration transducer is contactless vibration transducer.

superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring equipment of the present invention is by the following technical solutions: the equipment that is used for implementing above-mentioned method, comprise dynamic balancing machine, dynamic balancing machine comprises frame and is located at fulcrum arrangement on frame, fulcrum arrangement comprises rest pad and is located at the rest pad bottom, the supporting member that rigidity is adjustable, resonance point place and this fulcrum arrangement that fulcrum arrangement is positioned at dynamic balancing machine are provided with the single-degree-of-freedom damping unit, the vibration transducer that frame is provided with the motor that is used to superminiature rotor to be measured that rotary power is provided and is used for measuring the vibration signal of superminiature rotor to be measured, vibration transducer is connected with for amplification, analyze and process described vibration signal and it is uploaded to the data acquisition module of corresponding computing machine.

Described motor is connected with frequency converter, and frequency converter is connected with data acquisition module, and data acquisition module also is connected with the speed probe of the rotating speed of measuring superminiature rotor to be measured.

Described motor is connected with frequency converter, and described rest pad is V-shaped, and damping unit is the oil damper that is located at the fulcrum arrangement both sides.

Described supporting member is support spring.

Described vibration transducer is contactless vibration transducer.

because superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring method of the present invention is that superminiature rotor to be measured is placed near the resonance point of dynamic balancing machine, and be provided with described damping unit on for the fulcrum arrangement that supports superminiature rotor to be measured, amplification factor in the time of can resonating by adjustment damping size adjustment System, make fulcrum arrangement become the mechanical amplifier of superminiature rotor unbalance value to be measured, being about to the measuring system vibration that the small amount of unbalance of superminiature rotor to be measured causes amplifies, thereby reduction dynamic balancing machine, the impact on unbalanced signal such as motor and data acquisition environmental factor, thereby improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of unbalanced signal from the source.Due to the existence that above-mentioned mechan-amplifier effect is arranged, the balancing speed of reduction superminiature rotor to be measured that therefore can be suitable when test, thus realized under lower rotating speed dynamically balanced measurement to the superminiature rotor.

Further, described frequency converter has been realized the convenient of rotating speed of motor speed and even superminiature rotor to be measured regulated; The fulcrum arrangement lower end is provided with mounting hole, can facilitate the installation of damping unit; Adopt two fulcrum arrangements by the distance between regulating both to adapt to the superminiature rotors to be measured of different sizes; Adopt contactless vibration transducer to reduce the additional mass of dynamic-balance measuring system, can improve measuring accuracy, guarantee that the fulcrum arrangement dynamic perfromance is stable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment 1 of superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring method of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of superminiature rotor to be measured;

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is single-freedom vibration system amplitude-versus-frequency curve and phase-frequency characteristic curve;

Fig. 5 is the curve map according to one group of data of embodiment 1 measurement of superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring method;

Fig. 6 is the structure principle chart of the embodiment 1 of superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the scheme of installation of superminiature rotor to be measured;

Fig. 8 is the vertical view of Fig. 7.

Embodiment

the embodiment 1 of superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring method of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1-5, comprise the following steps: 1) be used for supporting the damping unit that single-degree-of-freedom is set on the fulcrum arrangement of superminiature rotor to be measured, described fulcrum arrangement is placed in the resonance point place of dynamic balancing machine, in the present embodiment, the supporting member 12 that fulcrum arrangement comprises V-shaped rest pad 11 and is located at the rest pad bottom, the rigidity of supporting member 12 is adjustable, in the present embodiment, what supporting member 12 adopted is the thin slice soft spring, fulcrum arrangement has two, two fulcrum arrangements axially setting gradually along superminiature rotor 13 to be measured, in the present embodiment, damping unit adopts oil damper 14, damping unit lays respectively at the place, both sides of fulcrum arrangement, in Fig. 2-3, fulcrum arrangement and damping unit are reduced to two springs, thereby the end that can regard spring as is fixed, the other end connects superminiature rotor 13 to be measured, 2) superminiature rotor 13 to be measured is placed on fulcrum arrangement, as shown in Figure 3, the superminiature rotor 13 to be measured in the present embodiment by frame on two fulcrum arrangements, 3) be the superminiature rotor 13 to be measured motor 15 that is in transmission connection, motor 15 is connected with frequency converter 16, frequency converter 16 is in order to control the rotating speed of motor 15, motor 15 provides rotary power by belt 17 for superminiature rotor 13 to be measured, during motor 15 work, measure the rotating speed of superminiature rotor 13 to be measured by a speed probe 18, 4) open dynamic balancing machine and motor, 5) adjust the rigidity of fulcrum arrangement and the ratio of damping of damping unit, wherein by the stiffness tuning of supporting member 12 is realized to the adjusting of the rigidity of fulcrum arrangement, adjust the balancing speed of superminiature rotor 13 to be measured by motor, make the resonant frequency of superminiature rotor 13 to be measured and amplitude reach setting value, 6) measure the vibration signal of superminiature rotors 13 to be measured by vibration transducer 21 and by data acquisition module 19, described vibration signal is amplified, analyzes and process after be uploaded to computing machine 20, wherein frequency converter 16 and speed probe 18 also are connected with this data acquisition module 19, in the present embodiment, vibration transducer 21 adopts contactless vibration transducer, is specially laser feeler, 7) process by computing machine and draw measurement result, its computation process is as follows:

$F_e={\mathrm{ne\&omega;}}^2\&ap;\frac{{\mathrm{men}}^2}{100},$

Wherein Fe is the centrifugal force of superminiature rotor to be measured, and e is the eccentric throw of superminiature rotor to be measured, and ω is the angular velocity of rotor, and n is the rotating speed of rotor;

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="X"\; filenames="HDA00002804607700041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}_0=\frac{F_e}{\sqrt{{[k-{\mathrm{\&omega;}}^2(m+M)]}^2+{\left(\mathrm{\&omega;c}\right)}^2}},$

X wherein ₀Be the vibration displacement of superminiature rotor to be measured between two ends, k is the rigidity of fulcrum arrangement, and M is the gross mass of fulcrum arrangement, and m is the quality of superminiature rotor to be measured, and c is the ratio of damping of damping unit, the vibration acceleration at superminiature two ends of rotor to be measured place:

$\stackrel{\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;}{X}=\frac{\mathrm{me}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}^2}{\sqrt{{(\frac{k}{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}^2}-m-M)}^2+{\left(\frac{c}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}\right)}^2}}.$

The typical curve of single-freedom vibration system is seen Fig. 4.Rotor and v-shaped bearing device are exactly a typical single-freedom vibration system, and the vibration of rotor meets vibration trend shown in Figure 4, and according to figure as seen, in the left-half of curve, the oscillating curve amplitude of variation is larger, have an obvious resonance region to occur.Adopt resonant method, balancing speed with equilibrator is placed in resonance region exactly, and it is 1 ~ 2 that the adjustment damper makes the value of the dynamic magnifier β of system, and this moment, the sensitivity of system was higher, avoided crossing the significantly reduction of the rear system sensitivity of resonance, guaranteed that also system can steady operation simultaneously.

When the balancing speed of superminiature rotor to be measured was near resonance point, its amplitude was the function of damping and balancing speed.Control balancing speed and damping and just can realize the Measurement accuracy of amount of unbalance.Therefore, the v-shaped bearing device that selection has appropriate mass and rigidity makes fulcrum arrangement have suitable resonant frequency and ratio of damping.Just can adjust the sensitivity of rotor dynamic balancing detection system by adjusting balancing speed.

shown in Figure 5 is the curve map of one group of data measuring of the embodiment 1 according to superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring method, as shown in the figure, article two, in curve is the curve (not increasing the weight of) that obtains after adopting method of the present invention that standard superminiature rotor (there is no in theory amount of unbalance) is measured, another is increase the weight of and make it have the curve (increasing the weight of) that measures after aequum scarcely at standard superminiature rotor, can see out on scheming, when rotating speed is between 1000-1300, just can clearly measure the amount of unbalance of standard superminiature rotor.

the embodiment 1 of superminiature rotor dynamic balancing measuring equipment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 6-8, comprise dynamic balancing machine, dynamic balancing machine comprises frame 51 and is located at fulcrum arrangement on frame 51, in the present embodiment, the supporting member 53 that fulcrum arrangement comprises V-shaped rest pad 52 and is located at the rest pad bottom, the rigidity of supporting member 53 can be regulated, in the present embodiment, supporting member 53 adopts support spring, fulcrum arrangement has two, two fulcrum arrangements axially setting gradually along superminiature rotor 54 to be measured, fulcrum arrangement is positioned at the resonance point place of dynamic balancing machine and the damping unit that this fulcrum arrangement is provided with single-degree-of-freedom, damping unit adopts oil damper 55, damping unit lays respectively at the place, both sides of fulcrum arrangement, the vibration transducer 57 that also is provided with the motor 56 that is used to superminiature rotor 54 to be measured that rotary power is provided on frame 51 and is used for measuring the vibration signal of superminiature rotor 54 to be measured, motor 56 is connected with frequency converter 58, frequency converter 58 is in order to control the rotating speed of motor 56, motor 56 provides rotary power by belt 59 for superminiature rotor 54 to be measured when work, in the present embodiment, vibration transducer 57 adopts contactless vibration transducer, be specially laser feeler, vibration transducer 57 is connected with for amplification, analyze and process described vibration signal and it is uploaded to the data acquisition module 61 of corresponding computing machine 60, also be provided with the speed probe 62 be used to the rotating speed of measuring superminiature rotor to be measured on frame 51, frequency converter 58 and speed probe 62 also are connected with data acquisition module.

Claims (10)

1. The method for measuring the dynamic balance of an ultra-miniature rotor, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps: 1) A damping device is provided on a support device for supporting the ultra-micro rotor to be tested, and the support device includes a support block and a lower part of the support block, A support with adjustable stiffness, the damping device is a single-degree-of-freedom damping device, and the support device is placed at the resonance point of the dynamic balancing machine through the support; 2) The ultra-micro rotor to be tested is placed on the support device ;3) Connect the motor for the transmission of the ultra-micro rotor to be tested; 4) Turn on the balancing machine and the motor; 6) Measure the vibration signal of the ultra-miniature rotor to be tested through the vibration sensor and amplify, analyze and process the vibration signal through the data acquisition module Upload to the computer; 7) The measurement results are obtained through computer processing, and the calculation process is as follows: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; e</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ne\&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&ap;</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; men</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 100</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>$ Where Fe _is the centrifugal force of the ultra-micro rotor to be tested, e is the eccentricity of the ultra-micro rotor to be measured, ω is the angular velocity of the rotor, and n is the rotational speed of the rotor; ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; e</span>}}}{\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;c</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>$ Where _X0 is the radial vibration displacement of the ultra-micro rotor to be tested at both ends, k is the stiffness of the supporting device, M is the total mass of the supporting device and the damping device, m is the mass of the ultra-micro rotor to be tested, and c is the damping The damping coefficient of the device, then the vibration acceleration between the two ends of the ultra-miniature rotor to be measured: $\stackrel{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; me</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>$ 2. The ultra-miniature rotor dynamic balance measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the motor is connected with a frequency converter, the frequency converter is connected with a data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is also connected with a device for measuring the ultra-miniature rotor to be tested. Speed sensor for speed. 3. The method for measuring the dynamic balance of an ultra-miniature rotor according to claim 1, wherein the supporting block is V-shaped, and the damping device is an oil damper arranged on both sides of the supporting device. 4. The method for measuring the dynamic balance of an ultra-miniature rotor according to claim 3, wherein the support member is a support spring. 5. The method for measuring the dynamic balance of an ultra-miniature rotor according to claim 1, wherein the vibration sensor is a non-contact vibration sensor. 6. The equipment for implementing the method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, comprising a dynamic balancing machine, the dynamic balancing machine comprises a frame and a support device arranged on the frame, and the support device comprises a support block and is located on the support The lower part of the block is a support with adjustable stiffness. The support device is located at the resonance point of the dynamic balancing machine and a single-degree-of-freedom damping device is provided on the support device. The motor and the vibration sensor for measuring the vibration signal of the ultra-miniature rotor to be tested are connected with a data acquisition module for amplifying, analyzing and processing the vibration signal and uploading it to a corresponding computer. 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the motor is connected with a frequency converter, the frequency converter is connected with a data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is also connected with a speed sensor for measuring the speed of the ultra-micro rotor to be tested. 8. The equipment according to claim 6, wherein the motor is connected with a frequency converter, the supporting block is V-shaped, and the damping device is an oil damper arranged on both sides of the supporting device. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the support is a support spring. 10. The device according to claim 6, wherein the vibration sensor is a non-contact vibration sensor.

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