CN103123862B - Improve the method for hot pressing/thermal deformation radially oriented Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic ring performance and axial uniformity thereof - Google Patents
Improve the method for hot pressing/thermal deformation radially oriented Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic ring performance and axial uniformity thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103123862B CN103123862B CN201110371635.9A CN201110371635A CN103123862B CN 103123862 B CN103123862 B CN 103123862B CN 201110371635 A CN201110371635 A CN 201110371635A CN 103123862 B CN103123862 B CN 103123862B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- minutes
- magnetic ring
- hot pressing
- magnet
- magnetic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及稀土永磁材料领域，具体涉及一种利用预变形工艺提高热压/热变形辐射取向钕铁硼永磁环性能及其轴向均匀性的方法。The invention relates to the field of rare earth permanent magnet materials, in particular to a method for improving the performance and axial uniformity of a hot-pressed/thermally deformed radiation-oriented NdFeB permanent magnet ring by using a pre-deformation process.
背景技术 Background technique
辐射取向的钕铁硼磁环已经在电机上获得了应用，比如音圈电机，无刷电机等等。这些磁体目前主要通过两种方式获得，一种是传统的粉末冶金法，另外一种就是热挤出方法。Radiation-oriented NdFeB magnetic rings have been applied in motors, such as voice coil motors, brushless motors and so on. These magnets are currently mainly obtained in two ways, one is the traditional powder metallurgy method, and the other is the hot extrusion method.
由于单相稀土永磁材料在高温下良好的塑性变形能力，因此制备无裂纹，高辐射取向度的纳米晶辐射取向环就成为了纳米晶稀土永磁材料的重要应用方向。烧结永磁辐射取向环在电机中已经得到了应用，这些烧结磁体大部分都是以磁瓦或者片状结构贴在电机上面。虽然烧结整体磁环已经可以制备并得到应用，但由于烧结磁环制备工艺本身的限制，因此很难制备出高长径比，薄壁的烧结磁环。背挤出工艺制备的径向取向的各向异性磁环由于具有更小的壁厚，能够制备出完整的高长径比的磁环，因此能够降低电机的体积和重量。由于制备出来的磁环是一个整体，因此不仅仅能够提供稳定且均匀的磁场，而且能够降低电机制备过程中的制备时间，相比较于烧结磁环来说，具有非常明显的优势。Due to the good plastic deformation ability of single-phase rare earth permanent magnet materials at high temperatures, the preparation of nanocrystalline radiation orientation rings without cracks and high radiation orientation has become an important application direction of nanocrystalline rare earth permanent magnet materials. Sintered permanent magnet radiation orientation rings have been applied in motors, and most of these sintered magnets are attached to the motor in the form of magnetic tiles or sheet structures. Although sintered monolithic magnetic rings can be prepared and applied, due to the limitations of the sintered magnetic ring manufacturing process itself, it is difficult to prepare high aspect ratio, thin-walled sintered magnetic rings. The radially oriented anisotropic magnetic ring prepared by the back extrusion process has a smaller wall thickness and can prepare a complete magnetic ring with a high aspect ratio, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the motor. Since the prepared magnetic ring is a whole, it can not only provide a stable and uniform magnetic field, but also reduce the preparation time in the motor manufacturing process, which has a very obvious advantage compared with the sintered magnetic ring.
在热挤出的过程中，磁环产生了强烈的径向织构，片状晶的c轴方向沿磁环的半径方向，垂直于压力方向。较烧结磁环的各向异性相比，有非常明显的优势。然而由于背挤出工艺本身的原因，制备出来的磁环具有很强的不均匀性。在磁环的顶部往往保留了各向同性毛坯的性质，具有高矫顽力，低剩磁的性质。随着位置下移，织构逐渐的强烈，在底部最终形成具有良好取向度的微观结构。During the hot extrusion process, the magnetic ring produced a strong radial texture, and the c-axis direction of the flaky crystals was along the radial direction of the magnetic ring and perpendicular to the pressure direction. Compared with the anisotropy of sintered magnetic ring, it has very obvious advantages. However, due to the back-extrusion process itself, the prepared magnetic ring has strong inhomogeneity. The top of the magnetic ring often retains the properties of the isotropic blank, which has the properties of high coercive force and low remanence. As the position moves down, the texture gradually becomes stronger, and finally a microstructure with good orientation is formed at the bottom.
无论是利用HDDR法还是快淬法制备的磁粉来制备辐射取向纳米晶永磁环，获得的性能中，磁环顶部和底部具有很大的性能差异。但有工作表明，利用纳米晶磁粉制备无裂纹的辐射取向环是具有可行性的。磁环的不均匀性不仅仅表现在上下的不一致，还表现在环内外的不均匀。W.Grtinberger等人研究发现，通过打磨的方式，从外表面逐渐减薄磁环上切下的小块，并测试不同厚度的磁性能，发现剩余磁化强度从1.24T提高到了1.3T。因此为了解决磁环不均匀性的问题，科研工作者们进行了很大的努力。H.T.Kim等人利用CAPA(current applied pressure-assisted process)工艺，期望通过改变加热方法来改变磁环的不均匀性。在该研究工作中，磁环顶部的磁性能依然保持了热压磁体的各向同性，随着位置下移，逐渐出现了强烈的织构，但由于靠近底部的位置长时间地处于高温中，晶粒异常长大。D.Hinz等工作人员利用各向同性磁环，采用热背挤出的方式制备制备出了薄壁的辐射取向的磁环，获得了非常优异的磁性能和均匀性良好的高度为30mm的纳米晶磁环。No matter the magnetic powder prepared by HDDR method or quick quenching method is used to prepare radiation-oriented nanocrystalline permanent magnet rings, the performance obtained is very different between the top and bottom of the magnetic ring. However, some work has shown that it is feasible to prepare crack-free radiation alignment rings using nanocrystalline magnetic powder. The inhomogeneity of the magnetic ring is not only manifested in the inconsistency up and down, but also in the inhomogeneity inside and outside the ring. W. Grtinberger et al. found that by grinding, the small pieces cut from the outer surface of the magnetic ring were gradually thinned, and the magnetic properties of different thicknesses were tested, and it was found that the residual magnetization increased from 1.24T to 1.3T. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of the inhomogeneity of the magnetic ring, researchers have made great efforts. H.T.Kim et al. use the CAPA (current applied pressure-assisted process) process to change the inhomogeneity of the magnetic ring by changing the heating method. In this research work, the magnetic properties at the top of the magnetic ring still maintain the isotropy of the hot-pressed magnet, and as the position moves down, a strong texture gradually appears, but because the position near the bottom is at high temperature for a long time, The grains grow abnormally. D.Hinz and other workers used isotropic magnetic rings to prepare thin-walled radiation-oriented magnetic rings by means of hot back extrusion, and obtained a nanometer with a height of 30mm with excellent magnetic properties and good uniformity. Crystal magnetic ring.
我们知道，在热变形磁体中，织构的形成却是非常容易的。因此，在热压和背挤出过程中加入一个预变形的中间工艺，使得背挤出的毛坯不再是各项同性的热压毛坯而是各向异性的热变形毛坯。由此来达到提高磁环均匀性和磁环性能的目的。We know that in thermally deformable magnets, the formation of texture is very easy. Therefore, a pre-deformation intermediate process is added in the process of hot pressing and back extrusion, so that the back-extruded blank is no longer an isotropic hot-pressed blank but an anisotropic thermally deformed blank. In this way, the purpose of improving the uniformity of the magnetic ring and the performance of the magnetic ring is achieved.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种提高热压/热变形辐射取向钕铁硼永磁环磁性能和均匀性的方法，通过在热压和背挤出过程中加入一个预变形的中间工艺，在提高磁环性能的同时，改善磁环从顶部到底部的均匀性。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for improving the magnetic properties and uniformity of the hot-pressed/heat-deformed radiation-oriented NdFeB permanent magnet ring, by adding a pre-deformed intermediate process in the hot-pressed and back-extruded process , while improving the performance of the magnetic ring, it improves the uniformity of the magnetic ring from top to bottom.
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：一种提高热压/热变形辐射取向钕铁硼永磁环磁性能和均匀性的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a method for improving the magnetic properties and uniformity of hot-pressed/thermally deformed radiation-oriented NdFeB permanent magnet rings, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
1)热压：将纳米晶磁粉放入热压模具中，将热压模具放入真空感应热压机中进行热压，热压过程中，真空度高于9×10-2Pa，热压温度在500-850℃，室温到最高温升温时间为5-10分钟，保温1-3分钟，然后在20-30分钟内降温到室温，脱模获得各向同性的磁体；1) Hot pressing: Put the nanocrystalline magnetic powder into a hot pressing mold, put the hot pressing mold into a vacuum induction hot press for hot pressing, during the hot pressing process, the vacuum degree is higher than 9×10 -2 Pa, hot pressing The temperature is 500-850°C, the heating time from room temperature to the highest temperature is 5-10 minutes, keep warm for 1-3 minutes, then cool down to room temperature within 20-30 minutes, and demold to obtain an isotropic magnet;
2)预变形：将制得的各向同性的磁体通过线切割为合适的直径，放入不同内径的热变形模具中热变形，控制热变形温度在500-850℃，室温到最高温升温时间为5-10分钟，保温0.5-5分钟，接着开启液压系统，缓慢施加压力，使磁体匀速变形，形变时间控制在30-90秒，预变形完成后保温10-30秒。然后在20-30分钟内降温到室温，脱模获得不同变形量的各向异性的纳米晶磁体；2) Pre-deformation: Cut the obtained isotropic magnet into a suitable diameter by wire cutting, put it into heat-deformation molds with different inner diameters for heat-deformation, control the heat-deformation temperature at 500-850°C, and the heating time from room temperature to the highest temperature 5-10 minutes, keep warm for 0.5-5 minutes, then turn on the hydraulic system, apply pressure slowly to deform the magnet at a uniform speed, the deformation time is controlled at 30-90 seconds, and keep warm for 10-30 seconds after the pre-deformation is completed. Then cool down to room temperature within 20-30 minutes, and demould to obtain anisotropic nanocrystalline magnets with different deformations;
3)背挤出：最后将上述经过预变形的各向异性的纳米晶磁体通过背挤出工艺制备成辐射取向永磁环。3) Back-extrusion: Finally, the above-mentioned pre-deformed anisotropic nanocrystalline magnet is prepared into a radiation-oriented permanent magnetic ring through a back-extrusion process.
作为优选，所述的纳米晶磁粉为快淬磁粉或HDDR磁粉中的一种。Preferably, the nanocrystalline magnetic powder is one of quenched magnetic powder or HDDR magnetic powder.
作为改进，所述步骤1)的热压过程中，真空度高于9×10-2Pa。As an improvement, during the hot pressing process of step 1), the vacuum degree is higher than 9×10 -2 Pa.
再改进，所述步骤2)的预变形形变量在20％-80％之间，在预变形过程中，预先抽真空到4×10-2Pa-8×10-2Pa，后冲入Ar到1-1.2×102Pa作为保护气防止氧化以及作为热传导介质。Further improvement, the pre-deformation deformation in the step 2) is between 20%-80%. During the pre-deformation process, pre-evacuate to 4×10 -2 Pa-8×10 -2 Pa, and then flush into Ar To 1-1.2×10 2 Pa as a protective gas to prevent oxidation and as a heat transfer medium.
进一步改进，所述步骤3)的背挤出工艺制备辐射取向永磁环的过程为：将步骤2)制得的各向异性的纳米晶磁体放入磁环制备模具中，控制温度在700-850℃，室温到最高温升温时间为5-10分钟，保温0.5-5分钟后开启液压系统，缓慢施加压力，使磁体匀速背挤出，制备磁环时间为1-3分钟，制备完成后保温10-30秒，然后在20-30分钟内降温到室温。压力100-500Mpa，优选100-200Mpa。As a further improvement, the process of preparing the radiation-oriented permanent magnetic ring by the back extrusion process in step 3) is: put the anisotropic nanocrystalline magnet prepared in step 2) into the magnetic ring preparation mold, and control the temperature at 700- 850°C, the heating time from room temperature to the highest temperature is 5-10 minutes, after holding for 0.5-5 minutes, turn on the hydraulic system, apply pressure slowly, so that the magnet is back-extruded at a uniform speed, the preparation time of the magnetic ring is 1-3 minutes, and keep warm after the preparation is completed 10-30 seconds, then cool to room temperature over 20-30 minutes. The pressure is 100-500Mpa, preferably 100-200Mpa.
最后，所述步骤3)的制备磁环的过程中，预先抽真空到4×10-2Pa-8×10-2Pa，后冲入Ar到1×102Pa-1.2×102Pa作为保护气防止氧化。Finally, in the process of preparing the magnetic ring in step 3), the vacuum is pre-evacuated to 4×10 -2 Pa-8×10 -2 Pa, and then Ar is injected to 1×10 2 Pa-1.2×10 2 Pa as Protective gas to prevent oxidation.
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：通过预先热变形工艺，使得制备辐射取向磁环的毛坯是各向异性的热变形毛坯，具有一定程度的取向度和织构。在制备辐射取向环的过程中，有利于辐射取向的形成，从而在不显著降低矫顽力的情况下，提高辐射取向磁环的性能和均匀性。通过本发明的方法，可以在制备磁环过程中极大的提高磁环的成型率，降低损耗，节约成本，为热压/热变形制备辐射取向钕铁硼永磁环的应用打下坚实的基础。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantage that: through the pre-thermal deformation process, the blank for preparing the radiation orientation magnetic ring is an anisotropic thermally deformed blank with a certain degree of orientation and texture. In the process of preparing the radiation orientation ring, it is beneficial to the formation of the radiation orientation, thereby improving the performance and uniformity of the radiation orientation magnetic ring without significantly reducing the coercive force. Through the method of the present invention, the molding rate of the magnetic ring can be greatly improved in the process of preparing the magnetic ring, the loss can be reduced, the cost can be saved, and a solid foundation can be laid for the application of the radiation-oriented NdFeB permanent magnet ring prepared by hot pressing/thermal deformation .
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是预变形57％的磁环从上至下不同位置的磁性能。Figure 1 shows the magnetic properties of the pre-deformed 57% magnetic ring from top to bottom in different positions.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
采用商业用MQU-F快淬磁粉17g放入内径为13mm的热压模具中。17g of commercial MQU-F quick-quenching magnetic powder is put into a hot pressing mold with an inner diameter of 13mm.
将热压模具放入真空感应热压机中，并抽真空到6×10-2Pa以下。Put the heat press mold into a vacuum induction heat press, and evacuate to below 6×10 -2 Pa.
待真空度达到6×10-2Pa时，开启感应加热系统，同时开启液压系统，将作用于模具上的压强调整到200MPa，并从室温匀速升温到670℃，升温时间为5分钟，在670℃保温保压1分钟。When the vacuum reaches 6×10 -2 Pa, turn on the induction heating system and the hydraulic system at the same time, adjust the pressure acting on the mold to 200MPa, and raise the temperature from room temperature to 670°C at a constant speed for 5 minutes. ℃ heat preservation and pressure for 1 minute.
保温保压完成后，迅速关闭加热系统和液压系统，将压力调到最小，并在30分钟时间内降温到室温，将模具取出后脱模。After the heat preservation and pressure holding are completed, quickly turn off the heating system and hydraulic system, adjust the pressure to the minimum, and cool down to room temperature within 30 minutes, take out the mold and demould it.
将上述制备出的热压磁体放入内径为19.5mm的模具中并将模具放入真空感应热压机中，抽真空到6×10-2Pa以下。Put the hot-pressed magnet prepared above into a mold with an inner diameter of 19.5mm, put the mold into a vacuum induction hot press, and evacuate it to below 6×10 -2 Pa.
当真空度达到6×10-2Pa以下后，冲入Ar到1×102Pa作为保护气体和热传导介质。When the vacuum degree reaches below 6×10 -2 Pa, pour Ar to 1×10 2 Pa as a protective gas and heat transfer medium.
开启感应加热系统，从室温匀速升温到800℃，升温时间为6分钟，在温度达到800℃后，保温1分钟。Turn on the induction heating system and raise the temperature from room temperature to 800°C at a constant speed for 6 minutes. After the temperature reaches 800°C, keep it warm for 1 minute.
保温完成后，开启液压系统，缓慢施加压力，使磁体匀速变形，形变时间控制在60秒，在热变形完成后，缓慢将压强调整到5MPa，以保证施加于模具的压强在168MPa，并维持20秒，获得预变形量为57％的各项异性磁体。After the heat preservation is completed, turn on the hydraulic system and slowly apply pressure to deform the magnet at a uniform speed. The deformation time is controlled at 60 seconds. After the heat deformation is completed, slowly adjust the pressure to 5MPa to ensure that the pressure applied to the mold is at 168MPa and maintain 20 seconds, an anisotropic magnet with a pre-deformation amount of 57% was obtained.
热变形完成后迅速关闭液压系统和感应加热系统，并将压力调到最小，在30分钟内将温度降到室温后脱模。After the thermal deformation is completed, quickly shut down the hydraulic system and the induction heating system, and adjust the pressure to the minimum, and drop the temperature to room temperature within 30 minutes before demoulding.
将脱模后的磁体放入内径19mm的磁环制备模具中，在模具中的接触位置均匀涂覆脱模剂MoS2。The demolded magnet was put into a magnetic ring preparation mold with an inner diameter of 19 mm, and the mold release agent MoS 2 was evenly coated on the contact position in the mold.
将模具放入真空感应热压机中，并抽真空到6×10-2Pa，冲入氩气到1×102Pa作为保护气体。Put the mold into a vacuum induction hot press, and evacuate to 6×10 -2 Pa, and fill it with argon gas to 1×10 2 Pa as a protective gas.
开启感应加热系统，从室温匀速升温到800℃，升温时间为6分钟，在温度达到800℃后，保温1分钟。Turn on the induction heating system and raise the temperature from room temperature to 800°C at a constant speed for 6 minutes. After the temperature reaches 800°C, keep it warm for 1 minute.
保温完成后，开启液压系统，缓慢施加压力，使磁体匀速背挤出，从开始施加压力到最后磁环成型时间为2分钟，最终将压强调整到5MPa，以保证施加于模具的压强在168MPa，并维持20秒。After the heat preservation is completed, turn on the hydraulic system and apply pressure slowly to make the magnet back-extrude at a uniform speed. The time from the beginning of applying pressure to the final formation of the magnetic ring is 2 minutes, and finally adjust the pressure to 5MPa to ensure that the pressure applied to the mold is at 168MPa. And maintain for 20 seconds.
背挤出完成后迅速关闭液压系统和感应加热系统，并将压力调到最小，在30分钟内将温度降到室温后脱模，所获得的磁环高度为13mm。从磁环上沿径向从上至下切割小方柱，利用振动样品磁强计对小方柱进行测量。After the back extrusion was completed, the hydraulic system and the induction heating system were quickly turned off, and the pressure was adjusted to the minimum, and the temperature was lowered to room temperature within 30 minutes before demoulding, and the obtained magnetic ring had a height of 13mm. A small square column is cut radially from top to bottom from the magnetic ring, and the small square column is measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer.
表1采用不同工艺制备的辐射取向钕铁硼磁环的性能比较Table 1 Performance comparison of radiation-oriented NdFeB magnetic rings prepared by different processes
实施例2Example 2
采用商业用MQU-F快淬磁粉27g放入内径为19mm的热压模具中。Put 27g of commercial MQU-F quick-quenching magnetic powder into a hot pressing mold with an inner diameter of 19mm.
将热压模具放入真空感应热压机中，并抽真空到6×10-2Pa以下。Put the hot pressing mold into a vacuum induction hot press, and evacuate to below 6×10 -2 Pa.
待真空度达到6×10-2Pa时，开启感应加热系统，同时开启液压系统，将作用于模具上的压强调整到200MPa，并从室温匀速升温到670℃，升温时间为5分钟，在670℃保温保压1分钟。When the vacuum reaches 6×10 -2 Pa, turn on the induction heating system and the hydraulic system at the same time, adjust the pressure acting on the mold to 200MPa, and raise the temperature from room temperature to 670°C at a constant speed for 5 minutes. ℃ heat preservation and pressure for 1 minute.
保温保压完成后，迅速关闭加热系统和液压系统，将压力调到最小，并在30分钟时间内降温到室温，将模具取出后脱模。After the heat preservation and pressure holding are completed, quickly turn off the heating system and hydraulic system, adjust the pressure to the minimum, and cool down to room temperature within 30 minutes, take out the mold and demould it.
将上述制备出的热压磁体线切割为15.5mm的热压磁体，放入内径为19.5mm的模具中并将模具放入真空感应热压机中，抽真空到6×10-2Pa以下。Cut the hot-pressed magnet prepared above into 15.5 mm hot-pressed magnets, put them into a mold with an inner diameter of 19.5 mm, put the mold into a vacuum induction hot press, and evacuate to below 6×10 -2 Pa.
当真空度达到6×10-2Pa以下后，冲入Ar到1×102Pa作为保护气体和热传导介质。When the vacuum degree reaches below 6×10 -2 Pa, pour Ar to 1×10 2 Pa as a protective gas and heat transfer medium.
开启感应加热系统，从室温匀速升温到800℃，升温时间为6分钟，在温度达到800℃后，保温1分钟。Turn on the induction heating system and raise the temperature from room temperature to 800°C at a constant speed for 6 minutes. After the temperature reaches 800°C, keep it warm for 1 minute.
保温完成后，开启液压系统，缓慢施加压力，使磁体匀速变形，形变时间控制在60秒，在热变形完成后，缓慢将压强调整到5MPa，以保证施加于模具的压强在168MPa，并维持20秒，由此可以获得变形量为40％的各项异性磁体。After the heat preservation is completed, turn on the hydraulic system and slowly apply pressure to deform the magnet at a uniform speed. The deformation time is controlled at 60 seconds. After the heat deformation is completed, slowly adjust the pressure to 5MPa to ensure that the pressure applied to the mold is at 168MPa and maintain 20 seconds, thus an anisotropic magnet with a deformation of 40% can be obtained.
热变形完成后迅速关闭液压系统和感应加热系统，并将压力调到最小，在30分钟内将温度降到室温后脱模。After the thermal deformation is completed, quickly shut down the hydraulic system and the induction heating system, and adjust the pressure to the minimum, and drop the temperature to room temperature within 30 minutes before demoulding.
将脱模后的磁体放入内径19mm的磁环制备模具中，在模具中的接触位置均匀涂覆脱模剂MoS2。Put the demolded magnet into a magnetic ring preparation mold with an inner diameter of 19 mm, and evenly coat the mold release agent MoS 2 on the contact position in the mold.
将模具放入真空感应热压机中，并抽真空到6×10-2Pa。Put the mold into a vacuum induction heat press and evacuate to 6 × 10 -2 Pa.
开启感应加热系统，从室温匀速升温到800℃，升温时间为6分钟，在温度达到800℃后，保温1分钟。Turn on the induction heating system and raise the temperature from room temperature to 800°C at a constant speed for 6 minutes. After the temperature reaches 800°C, keep it warm for 1 minute.
保温完成后，开启液压系统，缓慢施加压力，使磁体匀速背挤出，从开始施加压力到最后磁环成型时间为2分钟，最终将压强调整到5MPa，以保证施加于模具的压强在168MPa，并维持20秒。After the heat preservation is completed, turn on the hydraulic system and apply pressure slowly to make the magnet back-extrude at a uniform speed. The time from the beginning of applying pressure to the final formation of the magnetic ring is 2 minutes, and finally adjust the pressure to 5MPa to ensure that the pressure applied to the mold is at 168MPa. And maintain for 20 seconds.
背挤出完成后迅速关闭液压系统和感应加热系统，并将压力调到最小，在30分钟内将温度降到室温后脱模，所获得的磁环高度13mm。从磁环上沿径向从上至下切割小方柱，利用振动样品磁强计对小方柱进行测量。After the back extrusion was completed, the hydraulic system and the induction heating system were quickly turned off, and the pressure was adjusted to the minimum, and the temperature was lowered to room temperature within 30 minutes before demoulding, and the obtained magnetic ring had a height of 13 mm. A small square column is cut radially from top to bottom from the magnetic ring, and the small square column is measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer.
表2采用不同工艺制备的辐射取向钕铁硼磁环的性能比较Table 2 Performance comparison of radiation-oriented NdFeB magnetic rings prepared by different processes
实施例1和实施例2中磁环在经过预变形工艺处理后再利用背挤出工艺做出的辐射取向永磁环从磁环中部开始，在轴向具有明显的均匀性改善。通过此方法，可以在制备磁环过程中极大的提高磁环的成型率，降低损耗，节约成本，为热压/热变形制备辐射取向钕铁硼永磁环的应用打下坚实的基础。In Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, after the pre-deformation process of the magnetic ring, the radiation-oriented permanent magnetic ring produced by the back-extrusion process starts from the middle of the magnetic ring, and the uniformity in the axial direction is obviously improved. Through this method, the molding rate of the magnetic ring can be greatly improved in the process of preparing the magnetic ring, the loss can be reduced, and the cost can be saved, laying a solid foundation for the application of hot pressing/thermal deformation to prepare radiation-oriented NdFeB permanent magnetic rings.
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明做举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施案例做各种各样的修改或采用类似的方式替代，但不会偏离本发明所附权利要求书所定义的范围。The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs may make various modifications to the described specific implementation cases or replace them in a similar manner without departing from the scope defined by the appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110371635.9A CN103123862B (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2011-11-21 | Improve the method for hot pressing/thermal deformation radially oriented Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic ring performance and axial uniformity thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110371635.9A CN103123862B (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2011-11-21 | Improve the method for hot pressing/thermal deformation radially oriented Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic ring performance and axial uniformity thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103123862A CN103123862A (en) | 2013-05-29 |
| CN103123862B true CN103123862B (en) | 2015-09-09 |
Family
ID=48454809
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110371635.9A Active CN103123862B (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2011-11-21 | Improve the method for hot pressing/thermal deformation radially oriented Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic ring performance and axial uniformity thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103123862B (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103426623B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-12-02 | 四川大学 | A kind of preparation method of anisotropy nano-crystalline neodymium-iron-boronmagnet magnet |
| CN104051104B (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2017-06-23 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic magnet and preparation method thereof |
| CN104134529B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-08-17 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of anisotropy nano-crystalline neodymium-iron-boronmagnet magnet and preparation method and application |
| CN104599802B (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-07-04 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Rare earth permanent magnet material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106964778A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2017-07-21 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | The method and apparatus for producing heat distortion magnet |
| CN108615596B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2021-02-09 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Special-shaped permanent magnet, preparation method thereof and equipment for preparing special-shaped permanent magnet |
| CN108428541B (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2020-05-22 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method of superfine-crystal high-performance anisotropic neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet |
| CN107546025B (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2020-10-16 | 北京工业大学 | Shearing force thermal deformation mold and preparation method of neodymium iron boron magnet |
| CN107578871A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-12 | 浙江东阳东磁稀土有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the radially oriented magnetic shoe of high-performance |
| CN108666127A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-16 | 安徽天宇磁业股份有限公司 | Based on energy-saving and environment-friendly permanent magnet processing technology |
| CN109166720B (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-11-13 | 浙江东阳东磁稀土有限公司 | Method for continuously producing hot extrusion radiation ring |
| CN111009408B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-13 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing rare earth permanent magnetic ring by adopting hot pressing-thermal deformation process and special die |
| CN113620701B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-18 | 海安南京大学高新技术研究院 | Preparation method of superfine-crystal high-temperature-resistant high-frequency manganese-zinc ferrite |
| CN114974866B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-03-14 | 大连理工大学 | Integrated forming die for hot-pressing-hot-deformation rare earth permanent magnet ring and preparation method thereof |
| CN115240969A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-10-25 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Soft magnetic-hard magnetic composite magnetic ring and preparation method, assembly and application thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1089386A (en) * | 1992-11-20 | 1994-07-13 | 通用汽车公司 | Hot-pressed magnets molded from anisotropic powder |
| US5733384A (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 1998-03-31 | Institut Fuer Festkoerper-Und Werkstofforschung | Process for producing hard-magnetic parts |
| US20110057756A1 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-10 | Electron Energy Corporation | Rare Earth Composite Magnets with Increased Resistivity |
-
2011
- 2011-11-21 CN CN201110371635.9A patent/CN103123862B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1089386A (en) * | 1992-11-20 | 1994-07-13 | 通用汽车公司 | Hot-pressed magnets molded from anisotropic powder |
| US5733384A (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 1998-03-31 | Institut Fuer Festkoerper-Und Werkstofforschung | Process for producing hard-magnetic parts |
| US20110057756A1 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-10 | Electron Energy Corporation | Rare Earth Composite Magnets with Increased Resistivity |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《Hot-Pressed and Hot-Deformed Nancomposite (Nd,Pr,Dy)2Fe14B/α-Fe-based Magnets》;D.Lee等;《Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on 》;20030930;第39卷(第5期);说明部分，实验部分，结果和讨论部分 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103123862A (en) | 2013-05-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103123862B (en) | Improve the method for hot pressing/thermal deformation radially oriented Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic ring performance and axial uniformity thereof | |
| CN106373688B (en) | A method of preparing rare earth permanent-magnetic material | |
| CN104388952B (en) | It is a kind of to accelerate Sintered NdFeB magnet surface Dy/Tb adhesion layers to expand the method oozed | |
| CN106887293B (en) | A kind of high performance radial is orientated rare earth permanent magnet pipe and its thermoforming method | |
| CN104505207B (en) | Big L/D ratio radial hot pressing permanent-magnetic clamp and preparation method thereof | |
| US20160086704A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing anisotropic hot-deformed magnet using hot-deformation process and hot-deformed magnet manufactured thereby | |
| CN103489619B (en) | The preparation method of the thin brilliant sintered NdFeB magnet of a kind of densification | |
| CN102436890B (en) | Method for Improving the Performance of Nanocrystalline NdFeB Permanent Magnets | |
| CN115430836B (en) | Preparation method and device of high-abundance rare earth cerium-based anisotropic nanocrystalline magnet | |
| JP7125222B2 (en) | Ring-shaped Nd--Fe--B system sintered magnetic material forming apparatus and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN106952721B (en) | A kind of method that high temperature compression improves rare earth permanent-magnetic material performance | |
| CN108022707A (en) | A kind of thermal deformation or the reversely heat treatment process of extrusion Nd-Fe-B magnets | |
| CN108320876A (en) | A method for obtaining high magnetic sintered NdFeB by hot isostatic pressing and low-temperature sintering | |
| US4963320A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing anisotropic rare earth magnet | |
| CN102392174A (en) | Method and device for preparing magnetostrictive material | |
| CN104103415B (en) | A kind of method hydrogenating dysprosium nanometer powder doping preparation anisotropy NdFeB rare-earth permanent magnet | |
| WO2024148692A1 (en) | Hot-deformed magnet and preparation method therefor | |
| CN108231311B (en) | Device for preparing neodymium iron boron magnet, neodymium iron boron magnet and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106486280B (en) | The newly net forming processing unit (plant) and method of a kind of anisotropy magnetic Nd-Fe-B ring | |
| CN102744406A (en) | Method for preparing fully dense anisotropic nanocrystalline neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) bulk magnet material | |
| CN106298132A (en) | A method for preparing SmCo5 permanent magnets doped with PrCu alloys by thermal deformation | |
| JP2018522400A (en) | Mold and method for forming permanent magnet with preform, and thermal deformation system | |
| CN114334418B (en) | A compound extrusion forming device and method suitable for NdFeB permanent magnet ring | |
| CN115631912A (en) | A kind of samarium cobalt permanent magnet material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111326336A (en) | A preparation method of high coercivity rare earth permanent magnet integrating oscillating thermal deformation and infiltration |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |