CN103122494B - A kind of moisture absorption type polyester fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of moisture absorption type polyester fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103122494B CN103122494B CN201110366725.9A CN201110366725A CN103122494B CN 103122494 B CN103122494 B CN 103122494B CN 201110366725 A CN201110366725 A CN 201110366725A CN 103122494 B CN103122494 B CN 103122494B
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- Prior art keywords
- polyvinylpyrrolidone
- moisture absorption
- polyester
- absorption type
- polyester fiber
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of moisture absorption type polyester fiber and preparation method thereof, form primarily of polyester, and containing being the moisture absorbing component polyvinylpyrrolidone of 2 ~ 20% relative to weight polyester, and the average dispersion footpath of described polyvinylpyrrolidone is below 200nm.When polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyester blend, use L/D to be that more than 40 two axle extruders carry out low temperature blended, the polyester fiber finally obtained has well durable hygroscopicity, high strength and elongation is amassed, and the tone of fiber is good, can be used for underwear or motion dress material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of moisture absorption type polyester fiber and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Polyester is typical thermoplastic synthetic fiber, since invention, due to its excellent mechanical strength, resistance to chemical reagents, heat resistance etc., has been widely used in the field such as dress material and industrial applications.
But, the hygroscopicity of polyester fiber is extremely low, when for directly contact skin or skin-proximal dress underwear, motion dress material etc. time, because skin perspiration can not be discharged in time, the sensation be clamminess can be produced, poorer than natural fabric on snugness of fit, because which limit the development of polyester fiber in dress material purposes.
In order to improve the hygroscopicity of polyester, the most frequently used method is that copolymerization moisture absorbing component or interpolation have hygroscopic compound in the polyester.Known copolymerization moisture absorbing component has on side chain containing the glycol of hydroxy alkylidene, the dicarboxylic acids etc. containing metal organic sulfonate.But, polyester backbone is introduced above-mentioned moisture absorbing component, the intensity of polyester and weatherability can be caused to decline.
Hygroscopic compound can also be attached on polyester fiber to improve the hygroscopicity of fiber by chemical method in addition.Such as graft acrylic acid or methacrylic acid on polyester fiber, recycling alkali metal replacement carboxyl is wherein to improve the hygroscopicity of polyester fiber.But due to hygroscopic compound attachment on the fiber surface, so there is intensity time variations and low, the problems such as feel, light resistance are bad.
Unexamined Patent 2-99612 publication disclose hydroscopicity be the hygroscopicity resin of more than 10% as core, the sheath portion coating sheath-core type conjugate fiber of polyester.This method is when the heat treatment such as refining or dyeing, and the hygroscopicity resin due to core segment easily absorbs water and expands, thus forms crackle at fiber surface, outwards flows out because the dissolubility of hygroscopicity resin to water is high, and hygroscopicity disappears.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2000-8226 discloses a kind of moisture absorption polyester composite fiber, and this fiber is using the constituent of polyethylene glycol copolyesters and polyvinylpyrrolidone as core composition, and conventional polyester, as sheath composition, is obtained by composite spinning method.Although this method solves the problem that core moisture expantion causes sheath portion to ftracture, there is the shortcoming of hygroscopicity deficiency and moisture absorption poor durability in it.
Above-described method, can improve the hygroscopicity of polyester fiber to a certain extent, but also there is various problem in application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of moisture absorption type polyester fiber and preparation method thereof, the polyester fiber using described method to prepare obtain excellent hygroscopic while still can maintain the good characteristic of polyester fiber itself.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of moisture absorption type polyester fiber, is formed primarily of polyester, and containing being the moisture absorbing component polyvinylpyrrolidone of 2 ~ 20% relative to weight polyester, and the average dispersion footpath of described polyvinylpyrrolidone is below 200nm.
Above-mentioned polyester is polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) or other contain the polyester of copolymer composition.
Moisture absorbing component in polyester fiber of the present invention is polyvinylpyrrolidone, and in order to obtain desired moisture-absorption characteristics, containing relative to weight polyester in fiber is the polyvinylpyrrolidone of 2 ~ 20%.Relative to weight polyester, when in polyester fiber, the content of polyvinylpyrrolidone is less than 2wt%, the polyester fiber obtained does not have hygroscopicity; When being greater than 20wt%, the polyester spinnability obtained is deteriorated, and fibrous physical property declines, contact has sticky sense, cannot reach the requirement of snugness of fit.This content preferably 5 ~ 15wt%, more preferably 8 ~ 12wt%.
The average dispersion footpath of described polyvinylpyrrolidone in this fiber is below 200nm, preferred below 150nm.Average dispersion footpath can make polyvinylpyrrolidone and the good complexing of polyester at below 200nm, thus suppresses the stripping of the rear polyvinylpyrrolidone of mixing, prevents fiber in use hygroscopicity variation.
The K value of above-mentioned polyvinylpyrrolidone preferably 15 ~ 90, more preferably 20 ~ 70.If the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is too low, even if then polyvinylpyrrolidone is not strong with the complexing power of polyester, easy stripping in Cooling Process after the extrusion, causes fiber to can not get good hygroscopicity.And if its K value is too high, then the viscosity of polyester system increases greatly, mixing spue bad, be difficult to granulation, cause production efficiency low.
The moisture absorption rate variance Δ MR of described fiber is 0.5 ~ 4%, and this polyester fiber is after 130 DEG C of hot water 30 minutes process, and wherein the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone is less than 3%, more preferably less than 2%.Polyvinylpyrrolidone water-soluble fabulous, therefore the present invention by draw ratio L/D be more than 40 two axle extruders on, carry out low temperature under vacuum blended, make the dispersion footpath of polyvinylpyrrolidone at below 200nm, thus improve the complexing power of itself and polyester, thus the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone in reduction fiber, improve the hygroscopicity durability of fiber.
Moisture absorption type polyester fiber of the present invention has the mechanical property of general polyester fiber peer-level, the strength and elongation of fiber long-pending preferably more than 18.0, and more preferably more than 20.0.Because polyvinylpyrrolidone is incompatible with polyester, it adds in polyester very large to the material properties affect of the spinnability of polyester and fiber as moisture absorbing component.The present invention improves the cooling condition of strand by the environment temperature improving mouth gold portion cartridge heater during spinning, thus the strength and elongation of fiber is amassed be greatly improved, reach the instructions for use of general dress material purposes.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone heat resistance is at high temperature poor, with the decomposes due to polyvinylpyrrolidone after polyester blend, obtained composition tone is turned yellow.Therefore, the present invention is by the mixing and low-temp spinning at low temperature, and the hue b value of the moisture absorption type polyester fiber obtained is less than 5.0.
The concrete production method of described moisture absorption type polyester fiber is as follows:
At draw ratio L/D be more than 40 two axle extruders on, by polyester and K value be 15 ~ 90 polyvinylpyrrolidone to carry out low temperature under vacuum blended, wherein the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone accounts for 2 ~ 20% of weight polyester in it in polyester fiber, the average dispersion footpath obtaining polyvinylpyrrolidone is at the polyester of below 200nm and polyvinylpyrrolidone composition, said composition is carried out throwing by melt spinning, obtain as-spun fibre, this as-spun fibre is stretched further, obtains extending silk.
For polyvinylpyrrolidone mixing for, under general compounding process, due to the aggegation of polyvinylpyrrolidone, cannot reach good dispersiveness, therefore the present invention adopts on the two axle extruders that draw ratio L/D is more than 40, carries out that low temperature is mixing reaches average dispersion footpath at the polyester of below 200nm and polyvinylpyrrolidone composition.Described low temperature is mixing to be referred to when mixing, and controlling fusing department temperature is more than melting point polyester 10 ~ 20 DEG C, and kneading part temperature is 180 ~ 230 DEG C.In addition, be clamminess because polyvinylpyrrolidone very easily absorbs water in atmosphere, be easily heated at spout and cause putty, therefore by adding water cooling plant at extruder spout, feeding portion temperature is controlled below 80 DEG C, preferably less than 60 DEG C, thus feeding is carried out smoothly.
During melt spinning, mouth gold portion heating barrel temperatures is higher than spinning temperature 20 ~ 50 DEG C.
By the moisture absorption type polyester fiber of the present invention that said method obtains, there is well durable hygroscopicity, moisture absorption rate variance is 0.5 ~ 4%, by using two axle extruders of certain draw ratio, and control each portion temperature and make the dispersion footpath of polyvinylpyrrolidone at below 200nm, thus the strength and elongation of the polyester fiber obtained to amass be more than 18.0, hue b value is less than 5.0, and this fiber is after the process in 30 minutes of 130 DEG C of hot water, and wherein the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone is less than 3%.
Evaluation method:
1. mixing stability confirms:
By the extrusion swelling of outlet of extruder place polymer, it is qualified that lower note zero and △ are judged to be.
Zero: extrusion swelling without
△: slight extrusion swelling
×: serious extrusion swelling
2. spinnability:
Spinning situation in spinning 2 hours is evaluated by following method, zero and △ be judged to be qualified.
Zero: without fracture of wire
△: have a small amount of fracture of wire (1 ~ 3 time)
×: fracture of wire is frequent
3. the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone:
When fiber is untreated 60 DEG C of dryings after 2 hours weight be W
1, after pressurizeing 130 DEG C and processing 30 minutes 60 DEG C of dryings after 2 hours weight be W
2, the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone is calculated by following formula:
Dissolution rate=(W
1-W
2)/W
1× 100
4. the average dispersion footpath of polyvinylpyrrolidone:
By scanning electron microscope sem or transmission electron microscope TEM, the surface of section and fiber and section are observed, obtain electronic image, then by the process of winrof software obtain polyvinylpyrrolidone average dispersion footpath.
5. the K values determination method of polyvinylpyrrolidone
Polyvinylpyrrolidone is made the aqueous solution of concentration 1%, measure its relative viscosity, then try to achieve with fikentscher.
logZ＝C[75K
2/(1+1.5KC)+K]
Wherein K:K value × 10
3, C: concentration of aqueous solution (W/V%), Z: concentration is the relative viscosity of the aqueous solution of C.
6. the strength and elongation of fiber is amassed:
Intensity is fibre stress maximum broken breaking strength (cN/dtex) when being strained tensile, degree of stretching is the strain (%) of the maximum disrumpent feelings point of fiber,
Strength and elongation amasss=Strong degree × (degree of stretching)
0.5
7. absorb-discharge humid parameter Δ MR:
(1) choose 3 parts, the fabric sample of about 1g weight, be positioned in the measuring cup of known quality, put into the drying machine of 60 DEG C, take down bottle cap, preparation, after dry 30 minutes, covers bottle cap and is taken out by measuring cup;
(2) measuring cup is put into the constant temperature and humidity machine of 20 DEG C × 65%RH environment, take down bottle cap, balance after 24 hours, cover bottle cap, take out measuring cup, use precision balance to weigh, the quality that the quality claimed deducts measuring cup is sample weight W
1;
(3) measuring cup is put into the constant temperature and humidity machine of 30 DEG C × 90%RH environment, take down bottle cap, balance after 24 hours, cover bottle cap, take out measuring cup, use precision balance on the same stage to weigh, the quality that the quality claimed deducts measuring cup is sample weight W
2;
(4) measuring cup is placed in the drying machine of 105 DEG C, takes down bottle cap, after dry 2 hours, cover bottle cap and take out, and in drying basin after normal temperature cooling, use precision balance on the same stage to weigh, the quality that the quality claimed deducts measuring cup is sample weight W
3;
(5) calculate:
MR
1＝(W
1-W
3)/W
3
MR
2＝(W
2-W
3)/W
3
Moisture absorption rate variance Δ MR (%)=MR
2-MR
1, result gets the mean value of 3 samples.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be polyester and polyvinylpyrrolidone composition cut into slices through concentration be the Na of 1%
2cO
3the aqueous solution processes the section SEM image after 20 minutes at 50 DEG C.
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section TEM image of moisture absorption type polyester fiber.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
Be the polyvinylpyrrolidone (calling PVP in the following text) of 30 by K value, with polyethylene terephthalate, use two axle extruders (
l/D:45), temperature is set as fusing department 260 DEG C, kneading part 200 DEG C, feeding portion controls, at 80 DEG C, to extrude.The addition of PVP accounts for 5% of weight polyester in PVP in final polyester fiber, extrudes in order.In resulting composition, the average dispersion footpath of PVP is 80nm.Said composition is carried out spinning experiment, and spinning temperature is 270 DEG C, and mouth gold portion heating barrel temperatures is set as 290 DEG C, and spinning speed is 1000m/min, obtains as-spun fibre.Again by 4.4 times of deep processings, obtain strength and elongation amass be 20.0 extension silk.After tested, the moisture absorption rate variance Δ MR of this extension silk is 1.1%, and fiber hue b value is the dissolution rate of 3.0, PVP is 0.8%.
Embodiment 2 ~ 4
Change the addition of PVP, make PVP in final polyester fiber account for 5%, 15%, 20% of weight polyester respectively, other are with embodiment 1.Mixing stability and spinning all do not go wrong, and concrete the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1,2
Change the addition of PVP, make PVP in final polyester fiber account for 1%, 25% of weight polyester respectively, other are with embodiment 1.When adding PVP and making that in polyester fiber, PVP accounts for 1% of weight polyester respectively, although mixing spinning is no problem, fiber hygroscopicity is bad; When adding PVP and making that in polyester fiber, PVP accounts for 25% of weight polyester respectively, extrusion swelling time mixing, granulation difficulty.Concrete the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 5
Be PVP and the polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) of 30 by K value, use two axle extruders (
l/D:52), temperature is set as fusing department 240 DEG C, kneading part 180 DEG C, feeding portion controls, at 60 DEG C, to extrude.The addition of PVP accounts for 10% of weight polyester in PVP in final polyester fiber, extrudes in order.In resulting composition, the average dispersion footpath of PVP is 50nm.Said composition is carried out spinning experiment, and spinning temperature is 245 DEG C, and mouth gold portion heating barrel temperatures is set as 280 DEG C, and spinning speed is 1000m/min, obtains as-spun fibre.Again by 4.3 times of deep processings, obtain strength and elongation amass be 23.0 extension silk.After tested, the moisture absorption rate variance Δ MR of this extension silk is 2.2%, and fiber hue b value is the dissolution rate of 3.0, PVP is 0.6%.
Embodiment 6
Use L/D to be the extruder of 40, other are with embodiment 5, and concrete the results are shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 3,4
Use L/D is the extruder of 30 and 35 respectively, and other are with embodiment 5, and concrete the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Embodiment 7 ~ 9
Changing the K value of PVP is 15,60,90 to test respectively, and other are with embodiment 5, and with the increase of the K value of PVP time mixing, mixing property is deteriorated gradually, and concrete the results are shown in Table 3.
Comparative example 5,6
Changing the K value of PVP is 10,120 to test respectively, and other are with embodiment 5.When K value is 10, although mixing no problem, when hot water treatment, PVP dissolution rate is high, and the hygroscopicity of final fiber is poor; When K value is 120, because mixture viscosity is too high, mixing difficulty.Concrete the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Claims (9)
1. a moisture absorption type polyester fiber, is characterized in that: described fiber is formed primarily of polyester, and containing being the moisture absorbing component polyvinylpyrrolidone of 2 ~ 20% relative to weight polyester, and the average dispersion footpath of described polyvinylpyrrolidone is below 200nm.
2. moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the K value of described polyvinylpyrrolidone is 15 ~ 90.
3. moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the moisture absorption rate variance Δ MR of described fiber is 0.5 ~ 4%.
4. moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described fiber is after the process in 30 minutes of 130 DEG C of hot water, and wherein the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone is less than 3%.
5. moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: it is more than 18.0 that the strength and elongation of described fiber is amassed.
6. moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described fiber hue b value is less than 5.0.
7. the preparation method of moisture absorption type polyester fiber described in a claim 1, it is characterized in that: at draw ratio L/D be more than 40 two axle extruders on, by polyester and K value be 15 ~ 90 polyvinylpyrrolidone to carry out low temperature under vacuum blended, wherein the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone accounts for 2 ~ 20% of weight polyester in it in polyester fiber, the average dispersion footpath obtaining polyvinylpyrrolidone is at the polyester of below 200nm and polyvinylpyrrolidone composition, said composition is carried out throwing by melt spinning, obtain as-spun fibre, this as-spun fibre is stretched further, obtain extending silk.
8. the preparation method of moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described low temperature is blended when referring to blended, extruder feeding portion temperature is less than 80 DEG C, and fusing department temperature is more than melting point polyester 10 ~ 20 DEG C, and kneading part temperature is 180 ~ 230 DEG C.
9. the preparation method of moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 7, is characterized in that: during melt spinning, mouth gold portion heating barrel temperatures is higher than spinning temperature 20 ~ 50 DEG C.
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| CN201110366725.9A CN103122494B (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2011-11-18 | A kind of moisture absorption type polyester fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103710781A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2014-04-09 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Hygroscopic polyester fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103451767A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2013-12-18 | 苏州龙杰特种纤维股份有限公司 | Hydroscopic polyester fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN108950724A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-07 | 含山县海达服饰有限公司 | Polyester fiber is taken in a kind of movement of wash resistant |
| CN112695443B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-03-29 | 宁波三同编织有限公司 | Shirt fabric and preparation method thereof |
| CN114717753A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-08 | 无锡科逸新材料有限公司 | Layered elastomer with self-controlled environmental humidity |
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| TW317577B (en) * | 1995-01-25 | 1997-10-11 | Toray Industries | |
| JP3804097B2 (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 2006-08-02 | 東レ株式会社 | Support stockings with excellent wearing comfort |
| JP2000008226A (en) * | 1998-06-22 | 2000-01-11 | Toray Ind Inc | Moisture absorbing and desorbing polyester-based conjugate fiber and fibrous structure |
| JP2000290848A (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-17 | Toray Ind Inc | Spun yarn and fabric of highly hygroscopic and moisture release |
| JP2004277911A (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-10-07 | Toray Ind Inc | Sea-island type polyester fiber having excellent hygroscopicity, method for producing the same and hygroscopic fabric |
| JP2007270401A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Teijin Ltd | Moisture absorbing/water repellent core-sheath conjugate fiber |
| CN101747624B (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-12-28 | 杭州师范大学 | Hygroscopic fine denier/superfine denier nylon masterbatch, nylon and preparation method thereof |
| CN101735608B (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2011-07-20 | 杭州师范大学 | Hydroscopic fine denier/superfine denier chinlon master batch, chinlon POY filaments and preparation method thereof |
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