CN103121194A - Positioning fixture for splicing large wing wallboard and positioning method - Google Patents

Abstract

A positioning fixture and a positioning method for splicing large wing panels. The positioning fixture includes a wing root wall panel column, a wing tip wall panel column, multiple wing wall panel columns, multiple clamping plates, multiple electromagnetic pressing mechanisms and supporting roller assemblies. The wing root wall column, a plurality of wing wall column and the wingtip wall column are arranged in sequence according to height and fixed on the base. Clamps are fixed on each column, and the number of clamps on each column is the same as the number of wing panels fixed on the column. The slots on each clamp correspond one-to-one to the ribs on the fixed wall plate. There is a space between two adjacent clamping plates for placing the butt stringers. One side surface of the clamping plate is the same profile as the inner profile of the wing panel. The invention adopts the method of supporting and clamping the ribs, realizes the independent support for the large integral wall board, disperses the load bearing, and enables each wall board to move independently, solves the positioning problem existing in the splicing of the aircraft wing wall board, and improves the machine. Manufacturing precision of wing panel splicing.

Description

A positioning fixture and positioning method for splicing large wing panels

technical field

The invention relates to the positioning technology of large aircraft wing wall panels in splicing state.

Background technique

With the continuous development of manufacturing technology, the application of shot-peened integral wall panels on aircraft wings is becoming more and more extensive. A large aircraft wing is composed of four shot-peened integral wall panels, as shown in Figure 1. Since it is very difficult to accurately determine shot peening parameters in panel manufacturing, in order to make the panel after shot peening meet the requirements of wing manufacturing, there is usually a certain margin of tolerance along the spanwise direction and chord direction of the formed panel. quantity. Therefore, after the panel is formed, compared with the theoretical size of the panel, the length in the span direction is about 1-3 millimeters, and the length in the heading direction is about 1 millimeter. For the heading manufacturing margin, the processing method is to adjust the wall plate clearance during the wing splicing process to partially eliminate the margin of tolerance, and mill the margin of tolerance that cannot be eliminated through adjustment after the splicing is completed. The spanwise allowance also needs to be removed by milling. This requires the panel splicing tool to be able to adjust each panel when the panel is spliced.

Current splicing tooling: For the manufacture of the wings shown in Figure 1, at present, aviation companies mainly use tooling for clamping and positioning when splicing wing panels. For the shape, the interior adopts a compression device installed on the overall clamping plate to compress the ribs and uses a cantilever device to push the wall plate outward, so that the wall plate is close to the external clamping plate.

The current splicing process is as follows: the ^four wall panels are connected by butt stringers, and the width of the joint is 3mm. The lower edge of the board is parallel to the ground, and then place spacers at the joints between the 4 ^# wing wall and the 3 ^# wing wall, and then place the 3 ^# wing wall on top of each other, and in turn at the joints of the wall panels Place the spacer and superimpose the wing panel, and finally ensure the shape of the wing panel through the shape clamp. After inspection, if the shape of the wing panel does not meet the requirements and the position of each small panel needs to be adjusted, each small panel needs to be disassembled accordingly, and gaskets are re-placed on the opposite seams in sequence, one by one upwards Overlay siding. Repeated dismantling, repeated installation and testing until the shape of the wing panel meets the splicing requirements.

For the above wing manufacturing process, the following questions arise:

(1) All the gravity of the wall plate acts on the lowermost wall plate, causing it to deform; at the same time, the transmission of gravity to the tooling also causes a large deformation of the supporting part at the lower end of the tooling, which in turn affects the width of the joint between adjacent wall plates; When the seam width is not suitable, its adjustment is very difficult and labor-intensive.

(2) For each piece of integral wall plate that makes up the wing, there is a milling allowance in the span direction, which leads to the position adjustment of a single wall plate when it is positioned. However, due to its large size and heavy weight, adjacent parts There are spacers between the small panels that interfere with each other as they move. This makes it difficult to move individual panels on the tooling.

Through the retrieval of related technologies at home and abroad, no solution to the problems in the splicing process of such large wing panels has been found. However, if the original tooling is still used to splice the wall panels, it will inevitably affect the splicing accuracy and efficiency.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of insufficient splicing accuracy and inconvenient operation for workers in the prior art, the present invention proposes a positioning fixture and a positioning method for splicing large wing panels.

The invention includes a plurality of upright columns, a plurality of clamping plates, a plurality of electromagnetic pressing mechanisms and a supporting roller assembly. The column includes a wing root panel column, a wing tip panel column and a plurality of wing panel columns. The wing root wall uprights, a plurality of wing wall uprights and wingtip wall uprights are arranged in sequence according to the height of each upright and fixed on the base. Clamps are fixed on each column, and the number of clamps on each column is the same as the number of wing panels fixed on the column. One side surface of the clamping plate is the same profile as the inner profile of the wing wall plate; each clamping plate has a clamping groove, and the clamping groove corresponds to the ribs on the fixed wall plate one by one; There is a space between two adjacent clamping plates for placing the butt stringers.

The number of wing panel uprights is determined according to the spanwise dimension of the wing. The structure of each wing wall plate column is the same, but the height of each wing wall plate column is different, and different numbers of clamps are fixed on each wing wall plate column according to different heights; the number of clamps on each column is the same as The number of pieces of wings fixed on the column is the same, and one clamping plate corresponds to one wing. The height of each wing wall plate column is adapted to the chord direction dimension of the wing at the position; the number of clamping plates fixed on each wing wall plate column is different.

The included angle between the hypotenuse of the wing root wall plate column and the vertical side of the wing root wall plate column is the same as the hypotenuse between the leading edge and the trailing edge at the wing root. A positioning plate is installed on the support rod, and the positioning plate is parallel to the hypotenuse of the wing root wall plate column, and is used for positioning at the wing root of the wing wall plate.

One side surface of the clamping plate is the same profile as the inner profile of the wing panel. There are slots distributed on the profile of the clamping plate, and the width and depth of the slots should be slightly larger than the width and height of the ribs on the corresponding wing wall, so that the ribs on the wing After the card slot, the gap fit between the two. The positions of the slots for installing the same wall plate are on the same horizontal plane.

There is a pair of supporting lugs on the end face of one end of the supporting roller assembly. There are concentric pin shaft holes on the supporting lugs, and the rollers are installed between the pair of supporting lugs through the pin shafts. There is a clearance fit between the roller and the pin shaft.

The present invention also proposes a method for using the positioning fixture for splicing large-scale wing panels, which specifically includes the following steps:

Step 1, install the wing panel butt stringer. The butt-joint girders of the wing panels are respectively placed in the gaps between the adjacent clamping plates and fixed, and at the same time, the control system opens the electromagnetic compactor on the clamping plates.

Step 2, install the 4 ^# wing panel. The disassembled wing panels are installed on the positioning fixtures for splicing large wing panels. When installing the decomposed wing panels, install them piece by piece according to the position of each wing panel. When installing:

Hoist the 4 ^# wing wallboard on the tooling so that the ribs are located in the slots of the clamping plate, and support the ribs through the slots to ensure that the spanning direction of the ribs is parallel to the ground.

There are clips corresponding to 4 ^# wing panels on the wing root wall column, wing wall column and wingtip wall column respectively, and the grooves corresponding to different clips of the same rib on different columns are at the same in a straight line. Start the electromagnetic compression mechanism, so that the ribs 5 are compressed in the draw-in grooves on each clamp plate. So far, the installation of the 4 ^# wing panel has been completed.

Step 3, install other wall panels. Repeat step 1 and step 2, according to the order of 3 ^# wing wall plate, 2 ^# wing wall plate and 1 ^# wall plate, respectively install each wall plate on the corresponding clamping plate. When installing each wall plate, the wall plate butt joints of each wall plate correspond to the positions of each butt stringer respectively.

Step 4, adjust the positions of the wing panels so that the gaps between the wing panels meet the technological requirements. The ribbed side of each wing wall plate is tightly attached to the clamping plate through the tension belt.

Step 5, carry out wall panel splicing.

The invention aims at the difficult problem of adjusting the position of a single wall plate and the width of a joint between adjacent wall plates existing in the process of wing splicing, and realizes the splicing of the wing wall plates by providing a multifunctional clamping plate and a positioning method thereof.

Because the present invention utilizes the characteristic of good integrity of shot-peened wallboards when positioning the wallboards, and adopts the method of supporting and clamping ribs, it realizes independent support for large integral wallboards, disperses load-bearing, and makes each wallboard It can move independently, solves the positioning problem existing in the splicing of aircraft wing panels, and improves the manufacturing accuracy of the splicing of wing panels.

The core of the positioning fixture of the present invention is the clamping plate for the integral wall plate formed by shot blasting. There is a groove at the front end of the clamping plate, so that the ribs of the wall plate can be located in the groove, and each protruding part forms the envelope surface of the inner surface of the wing, which can play a role in ensuring the shape of the wall plate after the wing wall plate is installed. A roller and an electromagnetic compactor are installed on the protruding part, and the roller and the electromagnetic compactor can support the ribs of the wall board and compress the ribs under the action of the electromagnetic compactor.

For each wall plate in the wing shown in Fig. 2 corresponding to different clamping plates, the inner profiles formed by the end faces of the clamping plates are also different. The card board is installed on the column, as shown in Figure 6. The 4 clamps correspond to different wall panels, and as long as there is a corresponding wall panel in front of the column, the corresponding clamps must be installed on the column. As shown in Figure 5, only the clamping plates corresponding to the 2# and 3# wing panels need to be installed on the first two columns counting from right to left.

After the present invention analyzes the structure of each small wall plate that has been sprayed and formed, it is found that the ribs of each wall plate are parallel to the seams. When the wall plates are spliced, as shown in Figure 2, the wing When the wall board is installed on the tooling, keep the joints and ribs parallel to the ground, and use the gap between the spliced adjacent wall boards to invent a clamping board that can realize the ribs as the clamping object, and each wall The board is individually clamped and positioned, and rollers are set on the clamping plate to support the ribs. Since the ribs are parallel to the ground, when the rollers support each small wing panel, each small wing panel can move along the The rollers slide in the spanwise direction to realize the adjustment of the wall panels.

The effect that the present invention obtains is:

(1) When splicing, place each small piece of wing panel in sequence. After passing the inspection, if it is found that it does not meet the requirements, you only need to adjust the small piece of panel that does not meet the requirements until it meets the requirements. All the wing panels are dismantled, which reduces labor and improves efficiency.

(2) Since there are no gaskets on the original tooling at the seams of the adjacent small wing panels, and they are supported independently, it is not only easy to adjust the adjustment of each small panel, but also there is no gravity superposition. The deformation of the lowermost side panel can improve the splicing accuracy of the wing panel.

The reason for achieving the above effect is that when the wall panels are spliced, each small wing panel is respectively loaded by the clamping plate. Since there is no gasket at the opposite seam of the wing panel, each small wing panel will There will be no mutual interference, and the purpose of adjusting the width of the seam can be achieved by independently adjusting the position of each wall panel. Therefore, its characteristics can be summarized as: independent support of the wall panels, distributed load-bearing, and independent movement.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the placement mode when splicing wing panels in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is the placement mode when adopting the present invention to splice wing panels;

Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view among Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a wing wall column;

Fig. 7 is the left view of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the right view of Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of cooperation between the 1 ^# wing wall plate and the clamping plate;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of cooperation between the present invention and the wing panel;

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the card board;

Fig. 12 is the left view of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of an electromagnetic pressing mechanism;

Fig. 14 is a structural schematic diagram of the supporting roller assembly. In the picture:

1.1 ^#wing panel 2.2 ^#wing panel 3.3 ^#wing panel 4.4 ^#wing panel

5. Ribs 6. Butt stringers 7. Wall panel butt joints 8. Wing root wall panel uprights

9. Wing wall column 10. Positioning plate 11. Card board 12. Roller

13. Wing tip panel column 14. Support roller assembly 15. Push rod 16. Electromagnetic pressing mechanism 17. Card slot

Detailed ways

Embodiment one

This embodiment is a positioning fixture for splicing large wing panels, including butt stringers 6 , multiple columns, multiple clamping plates, multiple electromagnetic pressing mechanisms 16 and supporting roller assemblies 14 . The column includes a wing root wall column 8 , a wing tip wall column 13 and a plurality of wing wall columns 9 . Wing root wall plate column 8 is used to install the wall plate decomposed at the wing root of the wing, wing tip wall plate column 13 is used to install the wing wall plate decomposed at the wing root, and wing wall plate column 9 is used to install other parts of the wing Partially disassembled siding.

Both the wing wall plate column 9 and the wing tip wall plate column 13 are rods with a rectangular cross section.

The quantity of the wing panel columns 9 is determined according to the spanwise dimension of the wing. The structure of each wing wall plate column 9 is the same, but the height of each wing wall plate column 9 is different, and different numbers of clamping plates 11 are fixed on each wing wall plate column according to different heights; The quantity is the same as the number of blocks fixed on the column, and one clamping plate corresponds to one wing. The height of each wing wall plate column is adapted to the chord direction dimension of the wing at the position; the number of clamping plates fixed on each wing wall plate column is different.

The structure of the wing tip wall plate column 13 is the same as that of the wing wall plate column 9, but the height of the wing tip wall plate column 13 is adapted to the chord direction dimension of the wing tip.

When assembling and splicing the positioning fixtures of large wing panels, the one wing root panel column 8, the plurality of wing panel columns 9 and the wingtip panel columns 13 are arranged in sequence according to the height of each column and fixed on the base superior. The length of the arrangement must meet the fixing requirements in the span direction of the wing, that is, the wing root is fixed on the wing root wall column 8 through the clip 11, and the wing tip is fixed on the wing tip wall column 13 through the clip 11. Above, other parts of the wing are respectively fixed on the column 9 of each wing wall plate by clamping plate 11.

Clamps 11 are fixed on each column, and the number of clamps 11 on each column is the same as the number of wing panels fixed on the column.

In this embodiment, the wing is decomposed into 4 pieces along the chord direction of the wing during shot blasting, which are respectively 1 ^# wing wall plate 1, 2 ^# wing wall plate 2, 3 ^# wing wall plate 3 and 4 ^# wing siding 4.

In the present embodiment, according to the span of the wing, there are eight wing wall plate columns 9 . According to the height from the root of the wing to the tip of the wing, arrange the columns of the wing panels from high to low; the columns of the wing panels after arrangement are respectively marked as 1 ^# to 8 ^# . Among the wing wall columns 9, four clips 11 are respectively fixed on the 1 ^# to 5 ^# wing wall columns, and three clips are respectively fixed on the 6 ^# and 7 ^# wing wall columns. Plate 11, 2 clamping plates 11 are fixed on the column of 8 ^# wing wall plate. Two clamping plates 11 are fixed on the wingtip wall plate column 13 .

The wing root wall column 8 is a triangular frame structure. The included angle between the hypotenuse of the wing root wall plate column 8 and the vertical side of the wing root wall plate column 8 is the same as the hypotenuse between the leading edge and the trailing edge at the wing root of the wing. In the triangular frame of the wing root wall plate column 8, there is a support rod parallel to the hypotenuse of the wing root wall plate column 8. A positioning plate 10 is installed on the support rod, and the positioning plate 10 is parallel to the hypotenuse of the wing root wall plate column 8, and is used for positioning at the wing root of the wing wall plate.

The clamping plates 11 are all plate parts, and one side surface of the clamping plate is the same profile as the inner profile of the wing wall. On the profiled surface of the clamping plate, a draw-in groove 17 is distributed, and the width and depth of the draw-in groove should be slightly greater than the width and height of the ribs on the corresponding wing wall plate, so that the ribs 5 on the wing wall plate After being loaded into the card slot 17, there is a clearance fit between the two. The slots for installing the same wall plate are on the same horizontal plane on the columns.

The length of the clip 11 is determined according to the width of the fixed wall, so that the slots 17 on the clip can correspond to the ribs 5 on the fixed wall. There is a space between two adjacent clamping plates for placing the butt stringer 6; the distance between the two clamp plates 11 is slightly larger than the width of the butt stringer 6, so that the butt stringer 6 is located Between the two clamping plates 11 , the gap fit between the butt stringer 6 and each clamping plate 11 .

Electromagnetic pressing mechanism 16 adopts prior art. The electromagnetic pressing mechanism 16 is installed in pairs on both sides of each draw-in groove 17 on the clamping plate, and the push rods 15 of the electromagnetic pressing mechanism 16 are located in each draw-in groove 17 in pairs. The axes of the push rods 15 of the electromagnetic pressing mechanism 16 located on the same wing wall column 9 or the wing root wall column 8 or the wing tip wall column 13 are coincident.

As shown in Figure 14. The supporting roller assembly 14 is block-shaped, and a pair of supporting lugs are arranged on the end surface of one end of the supporting roller assembly 14 . There are concentric pin shaft holes on the supporting lugs, and the roller 12 is installed between the pair of supporting lugs through the pin shafts. Clearance fit between the roller 12 and the bearing pin.

This embodiment also proposes a method for positioning the wing panels using the positioning fixture for splicing large wing panels, which specifically includes the following steps:

Step 1, install the butt stringer. The butt stringers 6 are respectively placed in the gaps between the adjacent clamping plates 11 and fixed, and at the same time the control system opens the electromagnetic compactor on the clamping plates.

Step 2, install the 4 ^# wing panel. The disassembled wing panels are installed on the positioning fixtures for splicing large wing panels. When installing the decomposed wing panels, install them piece by piece according to the position of each wing panel. When installing:

Hoist the 4 ^# wing wall plate on the tooling so that the ribs 5 are located in the slots 17 of the clamping plate, and the ribs 5 are supported by the slots 17 . Make sure that the span of the ribs is parallel to the ground.

Wing root wall plate column 8, wing wall plate column 9 and wingtip wall plate column 13 respectively have clamping plates corresponding to 4 ^# wing wall plate, and different columns correspond to grooves of different clamping plates of the same rib on the same straight line. Start the electromagnetic pressing mechanism 16, so that the ribs 5 are pressed in the draw-in slots 17 on each clamp plate. So far, the installation of the 4 ^# wing panel has been completed.

Step 3, install other wall panels. Repeat step 1 and step 2, and install each wall plate on the corresponding clamping plate according to the order of 3 ^# wing wall plate, 2 ^# wing wall plate and 1 ^# wing wall plate.

When installing each wall board, the wall board butt joint 7 of each wall board corresponds to the position of each butt stringer 6 respectively.

Use the tension belt to compress the wall boards on the side without ribs of the 4 wall boards, so that the side of the wall boards with ribs is close to the clamping board.

Step 4: Use a plug gauge to measure the distance between the seams between the wall panels. If it does not meet the process requirements, loosen the tension belt and the electromagnetic pressing mechanism on the corresponding clamping plate, and adjust the position of the wall panel to make the seam between the wall panels The spacing meets the process requirements.

Step 5: Make siding splices.

Claims (7)

1. a positioning fixture that is used for splicing large-scale wing wallboard, is characterized in that, comprises many root posts, polylith clamp, a plurality of electromagnetism hold-down mechanism and support roller assembly; Described column comprises a wing root wallboard column, wingtip wallboard column and a plurality of wing wallboard column; Described wing root wallboard column, a plurality of wing wallboard column and wingtip wallboard column are arranged in order and are fixed on pedestal by the height of each column; All be fixed with clamp on each column, and on each column on quantity and the column of clamp the quantity of fixing wing wallboard identical; One side surface of described clamp is the profile identical with the interior profile of wing wallboard; On each clamp, draw-in groove is arranged, and described draw-in groove is corresponding one by one with rib on the wallboard of being fixed; Be useful on the spacing of laying the spreading purlin between two adjacent clamps.

2. be used for splicing as claimed in claim 1 the positioning fixture of large-scale wing wallboard, it is characterized in that, the quantity of wing wallboard column is determined to size according to the exhibition of wing; The structure of each wing wallboard column is identical, but the height of each wing wallboard column is different, and is fixed with the clamp of varying number according to different height on each wing wallboard column; On each column, the quantity of clamp is identical with the piece number that is fixed on this column top wing, and the corresponding wing of clamp; The tangential size of the height of described each wing wallboard column and place, present position wing adapts; The clamp quantity that is fixed on each wing wallboard column is different.

3. be used for as claimed in claim 1 splicing the positioning fixture of large-scale wing wallboard, it is characterized in that, the hypotenuse between the angle of described wing root wallboard column hypotenuse and this wing root wallboard column perpendicular edge and described wing wing root place frontier and rear is identical; On described support bar, location-plate is installed, this location-plate is parallel with wing root wallboard column hypotenuse, is used for the location at wing wallboard wing root place.

4. be used for splicing as claimed in claim 1 the positioning fixture of large-scale wing wallboard, it is characterized in that, a side surface of described clamp is the profile identical with the interior profile of wing wallboard; Be distributed with draw-in groove on the profile of described clamp, the width of this draw-in groove and the degree of depth should be slightly larger than width and the height of rib on corresponding wing wallboard, rib on wing wallboard are packed into after draw-in groove, between the two matched in clearance; The position that is used for the draw-in groove of installation same wallboard is in same level.

5. be used for as claimed in claim 1 splicing the positioning fixture of large-scale wing wallboard, it is characterized in that, at the end face of described support roller assembly one end, a pair of support auricle is arranged; On this support auricle, concentric pin shaft hole is arranged, roller is arranged between described a pair of support auricle by bearing pin; Roller coordinates with the bearing pin gap.

6. the method for right to use requirement 1 a described positioning fixture be used to splicing large-scale wing wallboard, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps:

Step 1 is installed wing wallboard to the spreading purlin; Each wing wallboard is placed in respectively the gap between each adjacent clamp and fixes the spreading purlin, and control system is opened the electromagnetism compactor on clamp simultaneously;

Step 2 installs 4 ^#Wing wallboard; Wing wallboard after decomposing is arranged on the positioning fixture of the large-scale wing wallboard of described splicing; When the wing wallboard after decomposing is installed, install according to the position block-by-block of each wing wallboard; During installation: with 4 ^#Wing wallboard is lifted on frock, makes rib be positioned at the draw-in groove of clamp, and guarantees that by described draw-in groove support rod the rib exhibition is to parallel to the ground;

Have respectively corresponding 4 on wing root wallboard column, wing wallboard column and wingtip wallboard column ^#The clamp of wing wallboard, and on different column corresponding to the groove of the different clamps of same rib on same straight line; Start the electromagnetism hold-down mechanism, make rib 5 be pressed in draw-in groove on each clamp; So far, completed 4 ^#The installation of wing wallboard;

Step 3 is installed other wallboard; Repeating step 1 and step 2 are according to 3 ^#Wing wallboard, 2 ^#Wing wallboard and 1 ^#The order of wallboard is arranged on each wallboard respectively on corresponding clamp; When each wallboard was installed, the wallboard butt-welded side seam of each wallboard was corresponding with each position to the spreading purlin respectively;

Step 4 is adjusted the position of each wing wallboard, makes the spacing of opposite joint between each wing wallboard meet technological requirement;

Step 5 is carried out the wallboard splicing.

7. use as claimed in claim 6 the method for the positioning fixture of the large-scale wing wallboard of splicing, it is characterized in that having a side of rib to be close to clamp each wing wallboard by puller strap.

Images