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CN103118097A - Data transmission method in wireless sensor network - Google Patents

Data transmission method in wireless sensor network Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103118097A
CN103118097A CN2013100288207A CN201310028820A CN103118097A CN 103118097 A CN103118097 A CN 103118097A CN 2013100288207 A CN2013100288207 A CN 2013100288207A CN 201310028820 A CN201310028820 A CN 201310028820A CN 103118097 A CN103118097 A CN 103118097A
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monitoring data
data
sensor node
monitoring
sensor
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刘杰
史治平
张忠培
陈强
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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Abstract

本发明公开了无线传感器网络中的数据传输方法。本发明包括:根据不同的无线传感器网络节点的监测环境以及业务类型,为各传感器配置对应的监测数据的特征信息、门限值,传感器节点判断当前采集的监测数据与所述特征信息的差,是否大于所述门限值,若是,则传感器节点将当前采集的监测数据与所述特征信息的差值,作为监测数据包的数据内容,进行数据传输;若否,则丢弃当前采集的监测数据。本发明的应用,降低了传输过程中的数据量,能够有效降低传感器节点的能量消耗,从而延长无线传感器网络的生命周期;同时,提高了传感器网络以及传输网络的资源利用率,以减少对于传输网络中其他业务的干扰和影响,增强了整个网络的稳定性和有效性。

Figure 201310028820

The invention discloses a data transmission method in a wireless sensor network. The present invention includes: according to the monitoring environment and business type of different wireless sensor network nodes, configure the characteristic information and threshold value of the corresponding monitoring data for each sensor, and the sensor node judges the difference between the currently collected monitoring data and the characteristic information, Whether it is greater than the threshold value, if so, the sensor node uses the difference between the currently collected monitoring data and the characteristic information as the data content of the monitoring data packet, and performs data transmission; if not, then discards the currently collected monitoring data . The application of the present invention reduces the amount of data in the transmission process, can effectively reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes, thereby prolonging the life cycle of the wireless sensor network; The interference and impact of other services in the network enhance the stability and effectiveness of the entire network.

Figure 201310028820

Description

Data transmission method in wireless sensor network
Technical field
The invention belongs to the wireless sensor network technology field, be specifically related in wireless sensor network, the data message that gathers is carried out after data compression the implementation method of performing data transmission again.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network is comprised of a large amount of wireless sensor nodes, and purpose is the monitoring information in perception collaboratively, collection, processing and transmission its overlay area, and reports to upper layer application.The type of service of wireless sensor network support, the application scenarios that relates to are varied, and its information data has a large amount of characteristics of burst.Studies show that, the energy consumption of wireless sensor network about 80% in data transmission procedure, so transmit again after being necessary the data message that sensor node gathers is compressed processing, to improve the capacity usage ratio of transducer.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is: provide a kind of in wireless sensor network, can effectively reduce the data transmission method of volume of transmitted data.
Data transmission method in wireless sensor network of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Step 1, sensor node are obtained characteristic information, the threshold value of Monitoring Data according to the monitoring type of service;
Step 2, sensor node are carried out the collection of Monitoring Data to the monitoring business;
Step 3, the Monitoring Data that sensor node judgement gathers and described characteristic information poor, whether (perhaps judge the poor of the sensor node described image data of judgement and described characteristic information greater than described threshold value, whether less than described threshold value), if, sensor node with the Monitoring Data of current collection and the difference of described characteristic information, as the data content of Monitoring Data bag, carries out transfer of data; If not, abandon the Monitoring Data of current collection.
in the present invention, different monitoring business applied according to the sensor node of different service types, characteristic information based on the corresponding Monitoring Data configuration of monitoring business Monitoring Data, threshold value, characteristic information can be that the normality of monitored business detects data, it is perhaps the average of the premonitoring data in a period of time, variance, maximum or minimum value etc., when sensor node collects Monitoring Data, be not directly the Monitoring Data that gathers to be carried out the transmission of Monitoring Data bag in wireless sensor network, but at first judge whether to carry out transfer of data, namely based on the characteristic information of received Monitoring Data, threshold value judges whether to carry out transmission process, need to carry out transmission process if judgment result is that, only with the difference of the Monitoring Data of current collection and the characteristic information data content as the Monitoring Data bag, rather than the Monitoring Data information of whole collection, can effectively reduce like this sensor node and carry out the number of times of Monitoring Data bag transmission, and reduced the data volume in the transmitting procedure, can effectively reduce the energy consumption of sensor node, thus the life cycle of prolonging wireless sensor network, simultaneously, improve the resource utilization of sensor network and transmission network, to reduce interference and the impact for other business in transmission network, strengthened stability and the validity of whole network.
In order further to be compressed in the data of transmitting in sensor network, the present invention also comprises step 4, after aggregation node receives Monitoring Data bag from sensor node, each Monitoring Data bag of identical monitoring business is merged to process obtain converging data, deletion same redundant part when merging is combined converging that data encapsulate and transmitting to upper layer network after processing.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) be converted to still less processing energy consumption with accounting for leading transmitting energy consumption in energy consumption, thereby reach the purpose of prolonging wireless sensor network life cycle;
(2) reduced the transmission of unnecessary redundant information, improved the validity of network resource usage, make simultaneously the volume of transmitted data of whole wireless sensor network reduce, alleviate the burden of wireless sensor network business for transmission network (as: mobile communications network), correspondingly reduced interference and impact on other customer services in transmission network.
Description of drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the system configuration schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is in embodiment 1, wireless sensor network data packet format schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is in embodiment 1, the data handling procedure schematic diagram when not adopting compression method 5s;
Fig. 4 is in embodiment 1, does not adopt the present invention, the data handling procedure schematic diagram when 10s;
Fig. 5 is in embodiment 1, adopts the present invention, the data handling procedure schematic diagram when 10s;
Fig. 6 is in embodiment 1, to the processing procedure schematic diagram of the further packed data of Fig. 5;
Embodiment
Disclosed all features in this specification, or the step in disclosed all methods or process except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can make up by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary feature in this specification (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing) is unless special narration all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar purpose.That is, unless special narration, each feature is an example in a series of equivalences or similar characteristics.
Realization of the present invention, its system that relates generally to is wireless sensor network, needs each sensor node in this network and the support in many ways of networks converge node, as shown in Figure 1.The following describes the detailed process that realizes above-mentioned data compression method and comprise each sensor node and the implementation of sensor network aggregation node.
the change of sensor node and implementation: sensor node is except having traditional perception and data acquisition function, the Monitoring Data bag (is for example being comprised the sensor node address information, the Monitoring Data information content that gathers, acquisition time etc.) carry out transfer of data before, in the process that data are processed, can identify from the characteristic information of upper strata for the Monitoring Data of the type of service of this sensor node support, threshold value is also preserved, for the Monitoring Data that collects, can carry out and characteristic information, the comparison of threshold value, and judge whether performing data transmission, if performing data transmission can thereon characteristic value information of base, carry out corresponding Information Compression and process, and will compress Monitoring Data bag after processing and transfer to sensor network aggregation node place.
the change of sensor network aggregation node and implementation: when the sensor network aggregation node is received from the Monitoring Data bag of each sensor node of same sensor network, because this Monitoring Data wraps in and has many identical parts on the data encapsulation structure, the data division in the Monitoring Data bag that each sensor node sends can be identified and extract to the sensor network aggregation node, and merge processing: the data content to each Monitoring Data bag is distinguished, delete the redundancy section in each Monitoring Data bag in merging process, the information that is combined again after processing encapsulates and transfers to upper layer network.
The present invention's detailed process of performing data transmission in wireless sensor network is as follows:
Step 100: wireless sensor network is completed startup, corresponding initialization and networking process;
Step 200: each sensor node receives and is saved in characteristic information, the threshold value from the Monitoring Data of the type of service of supporting about this node on upper strata, characteristic information has reflected the statistical property of sensor node institute Monitoring Data information, such as average, variance, minimum value, maximum etc., the configuration of its value is decided by the application scenarios of sensor node;
Step 300: sensor node is carried out perception, data acquisition task, the Monitoring Data that obtains gathering;
Step 400, sensor node is with the Monitoring Data that gathers, compare with the characteristic information in step 200, and judge this Monitoring Data and characteristic information poor whether greater than described threshold value (or this monitoring and characteristic information poor whether less than described threshold value), if, sensor node with the difference of this Monitoring Data and described characteristic information, as the data content of Monitoring Data bag, and transfers to the sensor network aggregation node with this Monitoring Data bag; If not, abandon the Monitoring Data of current collection;
step 500: the sensor network aggregation node receive from a plurality of sensor nodes as after the Monitoring Data bag of describing in step 400, extract the data content part in each packet, according to set data packet format, the Monitoring Data bag of each sensor node is merged processing, obtain converging data: Monitoring Data is distinguished, and the same redundant part in deletion Monitoring Data bag, being about to the data content (difference of the Monitoring Data of current collection and character pair information) that each sensor node sends merges, other about the additional information of Monitoring Data (as acquisition time, pickup area sign etc.) delete redundancy section, namely the acquisition time because of each Monitoring Data bag is identical, needn't merge, each data content shares same temporal information and gets final product, converge the purpose of data content to reach compression, to converge afterwards data carries out transferring to upper layer network after encapsulation process.
Embodiment 1
Wireless sensor network has been completed the initialization procedure of network referring to Fig. 1.Take sensor node A, B and aggregation node as example, the concrete processing procedure of transfer of data of the present invention is described.Suppose this wireless sensor network execution pressure anomaly monitoring task, and Monitoring Data of the every five seconds collection of sensor node, twice collection result of sensor node A, B within ten seconds is as shown in table 1.
If the Monitoring Data packet format of wireless sensor network is as shown in Figure 2, in figure, show the wireless sensor node address information with 8 bits, the address of establishing sensor node A, B is respectively 00000000 and 00000001.Data field is used for depositing Monitoring Data information (what deposit in the present invention is information after compression is processed), timestamp adopts 17 bits to represent, 5 bits represent hour, represent minute with 6 bits respectively and second, the time of getting twice monitoring is respectively 00:00:05 and 00:00:10.
Of the present invention when carrying out data transmission method again after the Monitoring Data that gathers is compressed processing when not adopting, the Monitoring Data of sensor node A, B wrap in wireless sensor network data handling procedure respectively as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.Data field size herein adopts 8 bits to represent according to the Monitoring Data that collects.
The Monitoring Data that table 1. sensor node A, B gathered in 10 seconds (pressure unit: MPa, lower same)
Figure BDA00002777446700041
adopt of the present invention based on the Monitoring Data that gathers being compressed when carrying out data transmission method again after processing, at sensor network nodes A, B begins perception, before the work such as image data, at first receive the characteristic information about the Monitoring Data of this type of service node from the upper strata, threshold value, for pressure anomaly monitoring task herein, the characteristic information value is 200, threshold value is 5, above setting represents under this wireless sensor network overlay environment, normal pressure value is 200, when sensor node A/B monitors force value and surpasses the threshold value 5 of normal pressure value (when the force value that monitors surpasses 205), just being judged as needs performing data transmission to process.So for sensor node A and B, the pressure data that monitors when all only needing to transmit the 10th second, processing procedure as shown in Figure 5, this moment, the Monitoring Data of sensor node A was 212, only needed transmission and the difference 12 of characteristic information value 200 to get final product; In like manner sensor node B only need to transmit 6.
If force value the most very much not can surpass 255, so set according to the characteristic information value, adopt 6 bits to store Monitoring Data herein herein.The Monitoring Data bag that sensor node A, B will process transfers to the sensor network aggregation node, aggregation node sensor network aggregation node is from Monitoring Data bag shown in Figure 2, extract the Monitoring Data that needs difference, and delete identical redundant data, further after the compression, the Monitoring Data bag of sensor network aggregation node after with Reseal transfers to upper layer network.
Compare two kinds of processing methods, can find out, do not adopt method of the present invention, in twice Monitoring Data gathers, the transmission information of sensor node A is 66bits, the transmission information of sensor node B is 66bits, and the transmission information of sensor network aggregation node is the packet encapsulation form of 132bits(when herein not considering to transmit to the upper strata); And after adopting method of the present invention, the transmission information of sensor node A is 31bits, the transmission information of sensor node B is 31bits, the transmission information of sensor network aggregation node is 45bits, as can be seen from the above, adopt to the invention enables the transfer of data of whole sensor network to be compressed to 107bits from 264bits, above is only take two sensor nodes as example, when the sensor node that relates to was more, data compression effect of the present invention was more obvious.
In addition, for the transmission information of compression sensor networks converge node further, can also merge processing to the address field that converges the sensor node in data: shared address territory prefix, sensor node numbering to each Monitoring Data bag is distinguished, and corresponding with the data content of described Monitoring Data bag.setting with reference to embodiment 1, if in 8 bit address territories of sensor node, front 4 is address prefix, the zone, address location that can be used for distinguishing sensor, at the sensor network aggregation node to sensor node A, after the Monitoring Data bag that B sends is implemented the merging processing (Fig. 5) described in 1, according to the sensor node number of carrying out same monitoring task, the byte of the address domain information of sensor node is deposited in setting, be set to 12 in the present embodiment, public front 4, the remaining 4 bit address domain informations of two sensor nodes of next 8 corresponding expressions of difference, the processing schematic diagram of Monitoring Data bag is seen Fig. 6, after address field merges processing, sensor networks converge node carries out encapsulation process again and transmits to upper layer network.
The present invention is not limited to aforesaid embodiment.The present invention expands to any new feature or any new combination that discloses in this manual, and the arbitrary new method that discloses or step or any new combination of process.

Claims (5)

1.无线传感器网络中的数据传输方法,其特征在于,包括下列步骤:1. The data transmission method in the wireless sensor network, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 步骤1,传感器节点根据监测业务类型获取监测数据的特征信息、门限值;Step 1, the sensor node obtains the characteristic information and threshold value of the monitoring data according to the monitoring service type; 步骤2,传感器节点对监测业务进行监测数据的采集;Step 2, the sensor node collects the monitoring data of the monitoring service; 步骤3,传感器节点判断采集的监测数据与所述特征信息的差,是否大于所述门限值,若是,则传感器节点将当前采集的监测数据与所述特征信息的差值,作为监测数据包的数据内容,进行数据传输;若否,则丢弃当前采集的监测数据。Step 3, the sensor node judges whether the difference between the collected monitoring data and the characteristic information is greater than the threshold value, and if so, the sensor node uses the difference between the currently collected monitoring data and the characteristic information as a monitoring data packet If not, discard the currently collected monitoring data. 2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3为,传感器节点判断所述采集数据与所述特征信息的差,是否小于所述门限值,若是,则传感器节点将当前采集的监测数据与所述特征信息的差值,作为监测数据包的数据内容,进行数据传输;若否,则丢弃当前采集的监测数据。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is that the sensor node judges whether the difference between the collected data and the characteristic information is less than the threshold value, if so, the sensor node will The difference between the currently collected monitoring data and the feature information is used as the data content of the monitoring data packet for data transmission; if not, the currently collected monitoring data is discarded. 3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括步骤4,汇聚节点接收到来自传感器节点的监测数据包后,对相同监测业务的各监测数据包进行合并处理得到汇聚数据,在合并时删除相同冗余部分,对合并处理后的汇聚数据进行封装并向上层网络传输。3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising step 4, after the aggregation node receives the monitoring data packets from the sensor nodes, it merges the monitoring data packets of the same monitoring service to obtain the aggregation data , delete the same redundant part during merging, encapsulate the aggregated data after merging and transmit it to the upper-layer network. 4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中的监测数据包格式包括传感器节点的地址域、数据内容域、采集时间域,所述地址域包含地址前缀和传感器节点编号,4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the monitoring data packet format in the step 3 includes an address field, a data content field, and an acquisition time field of a sensor node, and the address field includes an address prefix and a sensor node serial number, 在所述步骤4中,汇聚节点在进行合并处理时,对于相同的地址前缀的传感器节点的地址域信息进行合并处理:共用地址前缀,对各监测数据包的传感器节点编号加以区分,并与所述监测数据包的数据内容相对应。In said step 4, when the convergence node performs the merge processing, it merges the address domain information of the sensor nodes with the same address prefix: share the address prefix, distinguish the sensor node numbers of each monitoring data packet, and compare them with the Corresponds to the data content of the monitoring data packet mentioned above. 5.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述特征信息为一段时间内的预监测数据的均值、方差、最大值或最小值。5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the characteristic information is the mean value, variance, maximum value or minimum value of the pre-monitoring data within a period of time.
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Application publication date: 20130522