CN103092650B - Method and system is generated based on the virtual machine image of software pre-installation under cloud environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a virtual machine image generation method based on software pre-installation in a cloud environment, comprising: receiving uploaded software from users, performing dependency check on the uploaded software, receiving and analyzing operating system configuration information submitted by users, and Obtain the analysis results of the operating system configuration information, generate the basic environment necessary for installing the operating system based on the software pre-installation technology according to the analysis results of the operating system configuration information, use the virtual machine startup configuration file to start the virtual machine in the generated basic environment, and start the monitoring process at the same time , run the operating system installation program in the virtual machine to install the operating system in a non-interactive manner, and monitor the process to determine whether the installation of the operating system has an error or has been completed. If an error occurs, shut down the virtual machine and clean up the basic environment. Temporary file, returns the IP address to the IP address pool. The invention can solve the deficiencies of the existing methods such as inflexibility, slow speed, serious resource consumption and the like.

Description

Method and system for generating virtual machine image based on software pre-installation in cloud environment

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of cloud computing, and more specifically relates to a method and system for generating a virtual machine image based on software pre-installation in a cloud environment.

Background technique

With the development of cloud computing, cloud computing applications are becoming more and more diverse, and these applications all depend on the encapsulation of software by virtual machine disk images. Due to the vastly different needs of users, in order to meet the needs of users, the customized service of virtual machine image has become an indispensable part of each cloud computing platform.

The existing virtual machine image customization can basically be divided into two categories:

Modify the existing template: This method is to select an original virtual machine image on the cloud platform to start a virtual machine. After the user logs in to the virtual machine, he installs software on the virtual machine, deletes the software, or modifies the configuration. Turn off this virtual machine, and save its disk image as a new virtual machine image on the virtual machine cloud platform;

Operating system customization: the user selects the version of the system to be installed in front of the browser, selects the software to be installed, enters the partition information and user information, etc., and then starts the virtual machine to install the operating system. After the installation is complete, the virtual machine image is saved as a cloud platform virtual machine image.

These two methods have their own advantages and disadvantages: the first customization method is characterized by the convenience of doing a small amount of modification, and the time cost is relatively small, but this method has an insurmountable disadvantage, that is, it cannot meet the needs of more professional software customization, which means This point is more obvious in areas such as virtual appliance (Virtual Appliance) that require high image customization. For example, the disk size and partition cannot be adjusted, and the existing virtual machine image cannot be guaranteed to be clean (no unsafe content). This method uses incremental mirroring to save the modified image template, which will greatly reduce I/O performance; the advantage of the second method is that it can be completely customized, including which software to install and disk size How many, what partitions, whether a graphical interface is required, etc. The disadvantage is that it takes a lot of time to install the operating system from scratch, which reduces the user experience of the virtual machine image customization service. Therefore, the industry also needs a virtual machine image generation solution that can be fully customized and has less time overhead.

The main reason for the slow speed of customizing the virtual machine image in the second way is that the software in the virtual machine image needs to be installed from scratch when the operating system is installed. Commonly used operating system installation programs (such as Anaconda of the RedHat series) are designed for physical environments. It can be installed interactively and automatically. Due to possible differences between hardware, each installation starts from scratch. Yes, it does not take into account the repeated parts during multiple installations, but considering the universality of the operating system installation program, this approach is more reasonable in the physical environment.

However, in the cloud environment, the virtualization-based cloud computing platform does not need to consider hardware differences, and the software in the virtual machine image on the cloud computing platform has a lot in common. Under normal circumstances, the most time-consuming part of installing an operating system is installing software packages. Every time you customize a virtual machine image, you need to re-install these repeated software, which undoubtedly wastes time and precious hardware resources. Although the method of modifying the existing template is essentially to avoid repeated software installation, this method cannot overcome the inherent shortcomings mentioned above; and for the method of operating system customization, there is still no effective means to improve the image generation speed.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a virtual machine image generation method and system based on software pre-installation in the cloud environment, which is aimed at the characteristics of the cloud environment and aims to solve the problem of the existing virtual machine image customization system There are deficiencies in the way of generating images, such as inflexibility, slow speed, and serious resource consumption.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a virtual machine image generation method based on software pre-installation in a cloud environment, comprising the following steps:

(1) Receive the user's uploaded software and check the dependencies of the uploaded software;

(2) Receive and analyze the operating system configuration information submitted by the user to obtain the analysis results of the operating system configuration information;

(3) Generate the basic environment necessary to install the operating system based on the software pre-installation technology based on the analysis results of the operating system configuration information;

(4) Use the virtual machine startup configuration file to start the virtual machine in the basic environment generated in step (3), and start the monitoring process at the same time;

(5) Run the operating system installation program in the virtual machine to install the operating system in a non-interactive manner. At the same time, the monitoring process determines whether the installation of the operating system is wrong or completed. If there is an error, shut down the virtual machine and go to the step (7), if completed, shut down the virtual machine and go to step (6);

(6) Determine whether a software pre-installation package has been generated during the operating system installation process, if it is generated, register the software pre-installation package in the software pre-installation package library, and then enter step (7), otherwise directly enter step (7);

(7) Clean up the temporary files in the basic environment, return the IP address to the IP address pool, and report the installation result to the user.

Step (1) specifically, the analysis of software dependencies is solved by querying the database files of software sources. If the dependencies are not satisfied, the user is prompted to upload the software that fails to meet the reasons for the dependencies, and which software needs to be uploaded. The package can satisfy the software dependency, repeat (1) step until the software dependency is satisfied.

Temporary files include copies of software pre-installation packages, boot CDs, and virtual machine startup configuration files.

Step (2) includes the following sub-steps:

(2-1) Extract the software to be installed from the operating system configuration information submitted by the user, and obtain a complete software list through dependency analysis;

(2-2) Use the complete software list to find a software pre-installation package that meets the principle of maximum matching in the software pre-installation package library to obtain the matching result of the software pre-installation package; where the matching result of the software pre-installation package includes whether a match is found The software pre-installation package, matching degree and matching software pre-installation package number, the maximum matching principle means that the software set in the software pre-installation package as the final query result is the largest software set in the complete software list for query Subsets, the matching degree includes exact match, inclusion and no match;

(2-3) Judging from the operating system configuration information submitted by the user whether the user requests to generate a software pre-installation package during the process of generating the virtual machine image, if the user requests, and the matching degree obtained in (2-1) contains or If it does not match, it means that the judgment result of generating a software pre-installation package is yes; otherwise, it means that a software pre-installation package does not need to be generated.

Step (3) includes the following sub-steps:

(3-1) According to the analysis results of the operating system configuration information, generate the basic environment related to the software pre-installation package;

(3-2) Generate the basic environment required to start the virtual machine;

Step (3-1) is specifically, if the matching result of the software pre-installation package in step (2) indicates that a matching software pre-installation package is found, then create an incremental image in QCOW2 format on the matched software pre-installation package as the software pre-installation package. The copy of the installation package, and put the remaining software list of the software to be installed in it; if the user needs to generate a software pre-installation package, and the matching result of the software pre-installation package in step (2) indicates that no exact matching software pre-installation package was found, then Create a new virtual disk in QCOW2 format, and place an identification file in the virtual disk to indicate that this is a virtual disk that will be used to place the software pre-installation package.

Step (3-2) is specifically to obtain an IP address from the IP address pool, generate a target disk image for loading the final target root file system, and generate a startup program containing a software installation program configuration file generated based on the configuration information submitted by the user. CD and virtual machine startup configuration file; the hard disk item of the virtual machine startup configuration file should include the disk image generated in (3-1) in addition to the target disk image, so that it can be loaded when starting the virtual machine.

Step (5) contains the following sub-steps:

(5-1) Before installing the software, install the operating system according to the normal process, including formatting the target virtual machine disk, etc. If there is an error during the installation process, go to step (5-8);

(5-2) Determine whether the software pre-installation package is loaded. If the software pre-installation package is loaded, go to step (5-3), otherwise go to step (5-4). If an error occurs during the process, go to to step (5-8);

(5-3) Copy the root file system of the software pre-installation package to the newly formatted target virtual disk, read the list of remaining software to be installed in the software pre-installation package, and install the software packages in the target virtual machine disk , if an error occurs during the process, go to step (5-8);

(5-4) Extract the software list in the configuration file of the operating system installer, obtain a complete list of software packages to be installed through dependency analysis, and install each of the software packages to the target virtual machine disk in turn. If an error occurs during the process , then go to step (5-8);

(5-5) Determine whether the virtual machine is loaded with a virtual machine disk with an empty software pre-installation package identifier, if it is loaded, go to step (5-6), otherwise go directly to step (5-7); if If an error occurs during the process, go to step (5-8);

(5-6) Copy the root file system in the target virtual machine disk with the software package installed to an empty virtual machine disk, and remove the empty software pre-installation package logo. If an error occurs during the process, go to step ( 5-8);

(5-7) Perform the following operating system installation process on the target virtual machine disk according to the normal process, including selecting language, time zone, configuring firewall and installing GRUB. If an error occurs during the installation process, go to step (5-8) , if no error occurs, go to step (5-9);

(5-8) Report an installation error to the monitoring process and go to step (5-10);

(5-9) Report to the monitoring process that the installation is complete and the process ends;

(5-10) Terminate the operating system installation process.

A virtual machine image generation system based on software pre-installation in a cloud environment, including a software upload module, an operating system configuration information analysis module, a basic environment generation module, a virtual machine startup module, an operating system installation and installation monitoring module, and a software pre-installation package The registration module and the environment cleaning module, the software upload module is used to receive the user's uploaded software and check the dependencies of the uploaded software, and the operating system configuration information analysis module is used to receive and analyze the operating system configuration information submitted by the user to obtain the operation The system configuration information analysis result, the basic environment generation module is used to generate the basic environment necessary for installing the operating system based on the software pre-installation technology according to the operating system configuration information analysis result, and the virtual machine startup module is used to generate in the basic environment generated by the basic environment generation module Use the virtual machine startup configuration file to start the virtual machine, and start the monitoring process at the same time. The operating system installation and installation monitoring module is used to run the operating system installation program in the virtual machine to install the operating system in a non-interactive manner, and monitor the process to determine the operation. Whether the installation of the system has gone wrong or has been completed, if a mistake is made, then close the virtual machine and transfer to the environment cleaning module, if it has been completed, then close the virtual machine and transfer to the software pre-installation package registration module It is used to judge whether a software pre-installation package is generated during the operating system installation process. If it is generated, the software pre-installation package is registered in the software pre-installation package library, and then enters the environment cleaning module, otherwise it directly enters the environment cleaning module. The environment cleaning module uses It is used to clean up temporary files in the basic environment, return IP addresses to the IP address pool, and report the installation results to users.

The operating system configuration information analysis module includes a software list generation sub-module, a software pre-installation package matching sub-module, and a software pre-installation package generation judgment sub-module. The software list generation sub-module is used to extract the operating system configuration information submitted by the user to be installed Software, through dependency analysis to obtain a complete software list, the software pre-installation package matching sub-module is used to use the complete software list to search for a software pre-installation package that meets the principle of maximum matching in the software pre-installation package library, so as to obtain the software pre-installation The package matching result, the software pre-installation package generation judgment sub-module is used to judge from the operating system configuration information submitted by the user whether the user requires the software pre-installation package to be generated during the process of generating the virtual machine image, if the user requires it, and the software list generation sub-module If the matching degree obtained in the module is included or not matched, it means that the judgment result of the need to generate the software pre-installation package is yes, otherwise it means that the software pre-installation package does not need to be generated. The basic environment generation module includes the software pre-installation package basic environment generation sub-module and the virtual machine startup basic environment generation submodule, the software preinstallation package basic environment generation submodule is used to generate the basic environment related to the software preinstallation package according to the analysis results of the operating system configuration information, and the virtual machine startup basic environment generation module is used for Generate the basic environment needed to start the virtual machine.

The operating system installation module includes a pre-software execution sub-module, a software pre-installation package loading identification sub-module, a software installation sub-module based on software pre-installation package technology, a normal software installation sub-module, and an empty software pre-installation package disk image loading identification sub-module , software pre-installation package generation sub-module, software installation execution sub-module, error handling sub-module, installation completion processing sub-module, and operating system installation termination sub-module, and the pre-software installation execution sub-module is used to complete the work before the software installation starts , including formatting the virtual disk of the virtual machine itself, that is, to complete the various parts of the operating system installation program before the software installation starts according to the normal process; The module is used to judge whether the virtual machine has loaded the software pre-installation package. If the software pre-installation package is loaded, it will go to the software installation sub-module, otherwise it will go to the normal software installation sub-module. If an error occurs during the process, it will go to the error handling Sub-module, the software installation sub-module based on the software pre-installation package technology is used to copy the root file system of the software pre-installation package to the newly formatted target virtual disk, read the list of remaining software to be installed in the software pre-installation package, Install the software package in it to the target virtual machine disk. If an error occurs during the process, it will be transferred to the error handling sub-module. The normal software installation sub-module is used to extract the software list in the operating system installer configuration file, which is obtained through dependency analysis. A complete list of software packages to be installed, and install each of them to the target virtual machine disk in turn. If an error occurs during the process, it will be transferred to the error handling submodule. The empty software pre-installation package disk image loading identification submodule is used Determine whether the virtual machine is loaded with a virtual disk with an empty software pre-installation package identifier; if it is loaded, go to the software pre-installation package to generate the sub-module, otherwise go directly to the sub-module after the software is installed; if an error occurs during the process, Then transfer to the error handling submodule, the software preinstallation package generation submodule is used to copy the root file system in the target virtual machine disk with the software package installed to the empty virtual machine disk, and remove the empty software preinstallation package identification , if an error occurs during the process, it will be transferred to the error handling submodule, and the execution submodule after software installation is used to execute the operating system installation steps after the software package is installed, including selecting language, time zone, configuring firewall and installing a multi-boot manager; If there is an error in the process, then transfer to the error handling submodule, if no error occurs, then transfer to the installation completion processing submodule, the error handling submodule is used to report installation errors to the monitoring process, and go to the termination operating system installation submodule , the installation completion processing submodule is used to report the installation completion to the monitoring process, and the process ends, the termination operating system installation submodule is used to terminate the installation of the operating system.

Through the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) Increased the generation speed of the virtual machine image. By modifying the installation program of the operating system, the present invention enables the installation program to use the software pre-installation package loaded into the virtual machine, and installs the remaining software on the basis of the software pre-installation package, thereby avoiding repeated software installation processes and saving The time overhead of installing software.

(2) Users can customize the software pre-installation package according to their own needs. The system of the present invention not only prepares a plurality of software pre-installation packages commonly used by users in advance, but also allows users to customize the software pre-installation packages according to their own needs. Since this kind of software pre-installation package is customized by the user, the software set inside can often better match the software set to be installed by the user, thereby further improving the image generation speed. In addition, users can also publish their own software pre-installation packages to the virtual machine image customization platform for use by all users of the platform. In this way, the sources of software pre-installation packages can be increased to meet various needs.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is an application environment diagram of a method for generating a virtual machine image based on software pre-installation in a cloud environment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for generating a virtual machine image based on software pre-installation in a cloud environment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a detailed flowchart of step (2) in the method of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a detailed flowchart of step (3) in the method of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a detailed flowchart of step (5) in the method of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the matching algorithm adopted by the software pre-installation package matching sub-module of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention interacts with the user through the Web front end, and the user uploads the software and submits the operating system installation configuration information through the browser; after the background analyzes the operating system installation configuration information, it generates a software-based pre-installed operating system The basic environment required; then start the virtual machine to install the operating system non-interactively, run the modified operating system installer in the started virtual machine, so that the operating system installer can install the operating system based on the software pre-installation package and generate a new The software pre-installation package can also report the installation progress to the outside world; at the same time, start the monitoring process to monitor the installation of the operating system inside the virtual machine. When an error occurs or is completed, the site will be cleared, a new software pre-installation package will be registered, and the image generation result will be returned. to the user.

As shown in Figure 2, the virtual machine image generation method based on software pre-installation under the cloud environment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

(1) Receive the software uploaded by the user, and check the dependencies of the uploaded software; specifically, the analysis of software dependencies is solved by querying the database files of the software source, and if the dependencies are not satisfied, the user is prompted The reason why the uploaded software fails to satisfy the dependency relationship, which software packages need to be uploaded to satisfy the software dependency relationship, repeat step (1) until the software dependency relationship is satisfied;

(2) Receive and analyze the operating system configuration information submitted by the user to obtain the analysis results of the operating system configuration information; specifically, the operating system configuration information is submitted by the user through a web browser, including disk size and partition, time zone and language selection , software list and whether to generate a software pre-installation package during the process of making a virtual machine image; the analysis of the operating system configuration information includes searching for the software pre-installation package that meets the principle of maximum matching in the software pre-installation package library and judging whether to In the subsequent steps, the software pre-installation package is generated, wherein the software pre-installation package library is a database for recording each software pre-installation package; the analysis result of the operating system configuration information includes the matching result of the software pre-installation package (including whether a matching Software pre-installation package, matching degree and matching software pre-installation package number) and the judgment result of whether to generate a software pre-installation package; in this step, the purpose of selecting the best matching software pre-installation package is to save the most operating system The purpose of installation time, and by allowing users to generate new software pre-installation packages, the platform is given the function of custom software pre-installation packages, so that it can better meet the needs and reduce the time for installing the operating system. overhead;

(3) Generate the basic environment necessary to install the operating system based on the software pre-installation technology based on the analysis results of the operating system configuration information; specifically, first generate the software pre-installation package found in (2) based on the matching results of the software pre-installation package Copy, generate an empty virtual machine disk image for loading the software pre-installation package according to the judgment result of whether to generate the software pre-installation package, and then obtain the IP address from the IP address pool to generate the destination disk image for loading the final target root file system , and finally generate a boot CD containing the operating system installer configuration file and a virtual machine startup configuration file, wherein the operating system installer configuration file is generated based on the operating system configuration information submitted by the user, and the disk item of the virtual machine startup configuration file includes The virtual disk generated above;

(4) Use the virtual machine startup configuration file to start the virtual machine in the basic environment generated in step (3), and start the monitoring process at the same time; the monitoring process is used to monitor the installation of the operating system in the virtual machine;

(5) Run the operating system installation program in the virtual machine to install the operating system in a non-interactive manner. At the same time, the monitoring process determines whether the installation of the operating system is wrong or completed. If there is an error, shut down the virtual machine and go to the step (7), if it has been completed, shut down the virtual machine, and turn to step (6); specifically, what is running in the virtual machine is a modified operating system installation program, which can support software-based pre-installation of the operating system and Generate a software pre-installation package, and at the same time be able to interact with the external monitoring process during the installation of the operating system, and report the step where the operating system in the virtual machine is installed, whether the installation is complete, and whether there is an error in the installation; at this step, if the virtual machine If the software pre-installation package is loaded, the installed software in the pre-installation package will be directly copied to the target virtual disk, thus saving the time for downloading and installing these software packages;

(6) Determine whether a software pre-installation package has been generated during the operating system installation process, if it is generated, register the software pre-installation package in the software pre-installation package library, and then enter step (7), otherwise directly enter step (7);

(7) Clean up the temporary files in the basic environment, return the IP address to the IP address pool, and report the installation result to the user; the temporary files include the copy of the software pre-installation package, the boot CD, and the virtual machine startup configuration file.

As shown in Figure 3, step (2) of the present invention includes the following sub-steps:

(2-1) Extract the software to be installed from the operating system configuration information submitted by the user, and obtain a complete software list through dependency analysis;

(2-2) Use the complete software list to find a software pre-installation package that meets the principle of maximum matching in the software pre-installation package library to obtain the matching result of the software pre-installation package; where the matching result of the software pre-installation package includes whether a match is found The software pre-installation package, matching degree and matching software pre-installation package number; the principle of maximum matching means that the software set in the software pre-installation package as the final query result is the largest software set in the complete software list to be queried Subset; the matching degree includes exact match, inclusion and mismatch. Exact match means that the software set contained in the software pre-installation package is exactly the same as the software set in the complete software list taken to query, and inclusion means that the software pre-installation package contains The software set is a proper subset of the software set in the complete software list to be queried, and the mismatch refers to other matching results except the above two cases;

(2-3) Judging from the operating system configuration information submitted by the user whether the user requests to generate a software pre-installation package during the process of generating the virtual machine image, if the user requests, and the matching degree obtained in (2-1) contains or If it does not match, it means that the judgment result of generating a software pre-installation package is yes; otherwise, it means that a software pre-installation package does not need to be generated.

As shown in Figure 4, step (3) of the present invention includes the following sub-steps:

(3-1) According to the analysis results of the operating system configuration information, generate the basic environment related to the software pre-installation package; specifically, if the matching result of the software pre-installation package in step (2) indicates that a matching software pre-installation package is found, Then build an incremental image in QCOW2 format on the matching software pre-installation package as a copy of the software pre-installation package, and place the remaining software list to be installed in it; if the user needs to generate a software pre-installation package, and step (2 ) indicates that no exact matching software pre-installation package is found, create a new virtual disk in QCOW2 format, and place an identification file in the virtual disk to indicate that this is a software pre-installation package that will be placed Package's virtual disk;

(3-2) Generate the basic environment required to start the virtual machine, specifically, including obtaining the IP address from the IP address pool, generating the target disk image for loading the final target root file system, and generating the configuration containing the configuration submitted by the user The boot CD of the software installer configuration file and the virtual machine startup configuration file generated by the information; the hard disk item of the virtual machine startup configuration file should have the disk image generated in (3-1) in addition to the target disk image, so that the Loaded when starting the virtual machine.

As shown in Figure 5, step (5) of the present invention includes the following sub-steps:

(5-1) Before installing the software, install the operating system according to the normal process, including formatting the target virtual machine disk, etc. If there is an error during the installation process, go to step (5-8);

(5-2) Determine whether the software pre-installation package is loaded. Specifically, it is to determine whether the virtual machine has loaded a virtual disk with a software pre-installation package. If the software pre-installation package is loaded, go to step (5-3 ), otherwise go to step (5-4), if an error occurs during the process, go to step (5-8);

(5-3) Copy the root file system of the software pre-installation package to the newly formatted target virtual disk, read the list of remaining software to be installed in the software pre-installation package, and install the software packages in the target virtual machine disk , if an error occurs during the process, go to step (5-8);

(5-4) Extract the software list in the configuration file of the operating system installer, obtain a complete list of software packages to be installed through dependency analysis, and install each of the software packages to the target virtual machine disk in turn. If an error occurs during the process , then go to step (5-8);

(5-5) Determine whether the virtual machine is loaded with a virtual machine disk with an empty software pre-installation package identifier, if it is loaded, go to step (5-6), otherwise go directly to step (5-7); if If an error occurs during the process, go to step (5-8);

(5-6) Copy the root file system in the target virtual machine disk with the software package installed to an empty virtual machine disk, and remove the empty software pre-installation package logo. If an error occurs during the process, go to step ( 5-8);

(5-7) Perform the following operating system installation process on the target virtual machine disk according to the normal process, including selecting language, time zone, configuring firewall and installing multi-boot manager (GRandUnifiedBootloader, GRUB). If an error occurs during the installation process, then Go to step (5-8), if no error occurs, go to step (5-9);

(5-8) Report an installation error to the monitoring process and go to step (5-10);

(5-9) Report to the monitoring process that the installation is complete and the process ends;

(5-10) Terminate the operating system installation process.

The virtual machine image generation system based on software pre-installation in the cloud environment of the present invention includes a software upload module 1, an operating system configuration information analysis module 2, a basic environment generation module 3, a virtual machine startup module 4, an operating system installation and installation monitoring module 5, Software pre-installation package registration module 6 and environment cleaning module 7.

The software uploading module 1 is used for receiving the software uploaded by the user, and checking the dependencies of the uploaded software.

The operating system configuration information analysis module 2 is used to receive and analyze the operating system configuration information submitted by the user to obtain the analysis result of the operating system configuration information.

The basic environment generating module 3 generates the basic environment necessary for installing the operating system based on the software pre-installation technology according to the analysis result of the operating system configuration information.

The virtual machine startup module 4 is used to start the virtual machine using the virtual machine startup configuration file under the basic environment generated by the basic environment generation module 3, and start the monitoring process at the same time.

The operating system installation and installation monitoring module 5 is used to run the operating system installation program in the virtual machine to install the operating system in a non-interactive manner. At the same time, the monitoring process judges whether the installation of the operating system is wrong or completed, and if it is wrong, it is closed. Virtual machine, and proceed to environment cleaning module 7, if finished, then close virtual machine, and proceed to software pre-installation package registration module 6.

The software pre-installation package registration module 6 is used to judge whether a software pre-installation package has been generated in the operating system installation process, if it is generated, the software pre-installation package is registered in the software pre-installation package library, and then enters the environment cleaning module 7, otherwise directly Enter environment cleaning module 7.

The environment cleaning module 7 is used to clean up the temporary files in the basic environment, return the IP address to the IP address pool, and report the installation result to the user. .

The operating system configuration information analysis module 2 includes a software list generation submodule 21 , a software preinstallation package matching submodule 22 , and a software preinstallation package generation judging submodule 23 .

The software list generation sub-module 21 is used to extract the software to be installed from the operating system configuration information submitted by the user, and obtain a complete software list through dependency analysis.

The software pre-installation package matching sub-module 22 is used to use the complete software list to search for a software pre-installation package that meets the maximum matching principle in the software pre-installation package library, so as to obtain the software pre-installation package matching result. Specifically, the software pre-installation package matching sub-module 22 maintains a database, that is, the software pre-installation package library, which stores each software pre-installation package and its software list information, and the software pre-installation package library uses an inverted index to save the software List information, the key of the index is the software package name, and the value is the ID number of the software pre-installed package containing the software; the matching algorithm is shown in Figure 6. When matching, an array needs to be maintained, and the array element is a structure, representing the array The cache with the ID number corresponding to the subscript has two structure members, which are the number of matching times (initial value is 0) and the number of software packages in the cache; traverse the list of software packages to be matched, each software pre-installed package Once the ID hits, add one to the number of matches in the array element with the ID as the subscript. After traversing, select the array element with the highest number of hits from the array whose number of hits is equal to the number of cache software packages, and its subscript is the corresponding cache. That is, the matching software pre-installation package. If there is no element in the array whose number of hits is equal to the number of cache software packages, it means that no matching software pre-installation package can be found.

The software pre-installation package generation judging submodule 23 is used to judge whether the user requires from the operating system configuration information submitted by the user to generate a software pre-installation package in the process of generating the virtual machine image, if the user requires, and the software list generation submodule 21 If the obtained matching degree is included or not matched, it means that the judgment result of needing to generate a software pre-installation package is yes, otherwise it means that a software pre-installation package does not need to be generated.

The basic environment generation module 3 of the present invention includes a software preinstallation package basic environment generation submodule 31 and a virtual machine startup basic environment generation submodule 32 .

Wherein the software pre-installation package basic environment generation sub-module 31 is used to generate the basic environment related to the software pre-installation package according to the analysis results of the operating system configuration information; specifically, if the software pre-installation package matching result obtained in module 2 indicates If a matching software pre-installation package is found, an incremental image in QCOW2 format is created on the matching software pre-installation package as a copy of the software pre-installation package, and the rest of the software list to be installed is placed in it; if the user needs to generate software pre-installation package, and the matching result of the software pre-installation package obtained in module 2 indicates that no completely matching software pre-installation package is found, create a new virtual disk in QCOW2 format, and place an identification file in the virtual disk to indicate that this is A virtual disk on which the software pre-installation package will be placed;

The virtual machine startup basic environment generation module 32 is used to generate the basic environment required for starting the virtual machine; specifically, it includes obtaining an IP address from the IP address pool, generating a target disk image for loading the final target root file system, and generating a target disk image containing The startup CD of the software installer configuration file and the virtual machine startup configuration file generated according to the configuration information submitted by the user.

The operating system installation module 5 of the present invention includes an execution submodule 51 before software installation, a software preinstallation package loading discrimination submodule 52, a software installation submodule 53 based on software preinstallation package technology, a normal software installation submodule 54, and an empty software preinstallation module. Package disk image loading judgment submodule 55, software pre-installation package generation submodule 56, software installation execution submodule 57, error handling submodule 58, installation completion processing submodule 59, and operating system installation termination submodule 510.

Among them, the pre-software installation execution sub-module 51 is used to complete the work before the software installation begins, including formatting the virtual disk of the virtual machine itself, that is, to complete the various parts of the operating system installation program before the software installation begins according to the normal process; When an error occurs, proceed to the error handling submodule 58.

The software pre-installation package loading judgment submodule 52 is used to judge whether the virtual machine has loaded the software pre-installation package, if the software pre-installation package is loaded, then go to the software installation sub-module 53, otherwise go to the normal software installation sub-module 54, if Error occurs in the process, then go to error handling submodule 58.

The software installation submodule 53 based on the software pre-installation package technology is used to copy the root file system of the software pre-installation package to the target virtual disk that has just been formatted, read the remaining software list to be installed in the software pre-installation package, and install it software package in the destination virtual machine disk, if an error occurs in the process, then transfer to the error handling submodule 58.

The normal software installation sub-module 54 is used to extract the software list in the operating system installer configuration file, obtain a complete list of software packages to be installed through dependency analysis, and install each software package in turn to the target virtual machine disk. If there is an error in the system, it will go to the error handling submodule 58.

Empty software pre-installation package disk image loading submodule 55 is used to judge whether the virtual machine has loaded a virtual disk with an empty software pre-installation package identification; if loaded, then go to software pre-installation package generation submodule 56, otherwise directly Go to the execution submodule 57 after the software is installed; if an error occurs in the process, then go to the error handling submodule 58.

The software pre-installation package generation submodule 56 is used to copy the root file system in the target virtual machine disk of the software package to the empty virtual machine disk, and remove the empty software pre-installation package identification. If an error occurs in the process, Then transfer to the error handling submodule 58.

Execute the submodule 57 after software installation is used to carry out the operating system installation step after the software package is installed, comprise selection language, time zone, configure firewall and install multi-boot manager; If error occurs in the process, then transfer to error handling submodule 58 , if no error occurs, then proceed to the installation completion processing submodule 59;

The error handling submodule 58 is used to report installation errors to the monitoring process, and transfer to the submodule 510 for terminating the installation of the operating system.

The installation completion processing sub-module 59 is used to report the installation completion to the monitoring process, and the process ends.

The sub-module 510 for terminating the installation of the operating system is used for terminating the installation of the operating system.

Example:

In order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the system of the present invention, the system of the present invention is deployed in a real environment, and compared with directly starting a virtual machine to make a virtual machine image. The physical environment of the experiment is two servers with the same configuration, and the specific configuration is shown in Table 1. The mirror image produced is the operating system of CentOS5.5. The experiment selects 4 groups of software sets, and compares the time spent in generating virtual machine images under two kinds of cases under each group of software sets (of course, the system of the present invention has made the software pre-installation package of the Base basic software set in advance), The results of the experiment are shown in Table 2.

Table 1 Experiment configuration environment

Table 2 Experimental results

It can be seen from the results that after using the software pre-installation package of the BASE software set, the time of the four software sets is basically saved by about 4 minutes. It can be seen that the software pre-installation package can effectively save the generation time of the image template.

The basic principle of the present invention is to pre-generate the software pre-installation package through the modified operating system installation program, that is, a virtual disk in qcow2 format with some software installed but no follow-up system configuration, and each time the user needs to customize the virtual machine image , first match the software set to be installed with the software set in the existing software pre-installation package, select the software pre-installation package that meets the principle of maximum matching and load it into the virtual machine where the operating system is installed, and on this basis Install the remaining software to save time spent installing software. The present invention improves the above-mentioned manner of customizing the operating system, can flexibly customize the virtual machine image, and can greatly reduce the time spent in customizing the virtual machine image.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. under a cloud environment based on the virtual machine image generation method of software pre-installation, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) receive the upload software of user, and dependence inspection is carried out to the software uploaded;

(2) receive and analyze user submit to operating system configuration information, to obtain operating system configuration information analysis result; This step comprises following sub-step:

(2-1) from the operating system configuration information that user submits to, extract the software that will install, obtain complete software matrix by dependence analysis;

(2-2) complete software matrix is used to go in software pre-installation Bao Ku, to search the software pre-installation bag that meets maximum match principle, to obtain software pre-installation bag matching result; Wherein, software pre-installation bag matching result comprises the software pre-installation packet number of software pre-installation bag, matching degree and the coupling whether finding coupling, maximum match principle refers to as the software collection in the software pre-installation bag of final Query Result is the maximal subset of software assembly of taking away in the complete software matrix of inquiry, and matching degree comprises mates completely, comprises and do not mate;

(2-3) from the operating system configuration information that user submits to, judge whether user requires in the process of generating virtual machines mirror image, generate software pre-installation bag, if user's requirement, and the matching degree obtained in (2-2) comprises or do not mate, then represent that the judged result needing to generate software pre-installation bag is yes, otherwise expression does not need to generate software pre-installation bag;

(3) generate based on the necessary Essential Environment of software pre-installation technology installing operating system according to operating system configuration information analysis result;

(4) use virtual machine activation configuration file to start virtual machine under the Essential Environment generated in step (3), start monitoring process simultaneously;

(5) operation system installation procedure in virtual machine, with with noninteractive mode installing operating system, monitoring process judges that the installation of operating system makes mistakes or completes simultaneously, if made mistakes, then close virtual machine, and proceed to step (7), if completed, then close virtual machine, and proceed to step (6); This step comprises following sub-step:

(5-1) before mounting software, according to normal flow process installing operating system, comprise format object magnetic disk of virtual machine, if there is mistake in installation process, then proceed to step (5-8);

(5-2) judge whether to be loaded with software pre-installation bag, if be loaded with software pre-installation bag, then forward step (5-3) to, otherwise forward step (5-4) to, if there is mistake in process, then forward step (5-8) to;

(5-3) root file system of software pre-installation bag is copied in the object magnetic disk of virtual machine of just format and go, software matrix to be installed is remained in reading software pre-installation bag, installation software package is wherein in object magnetic disk of virtual machine, if there is mistake in process, then proceed to step (5-8);

(5-4) software matrix in operating system installation application configuration file is extracted, complete software package list to be installed is obtained by dependency analysis, each software package is wherein installed successively in object magnetic disk of virtual machine, if there is mistake in process, then proceed to step (5-8);

(5-5) judge whether virtual machine is loaded with the magnetic disk of virtual machine be with and be free software pre-installation bag to identify, if be loaded with, then forwards step (5-6) to, otherwise directly forwards step (5-7) to; If there is mistake in process, then proceed to step (5-8);

(5-6) root file system installed in the object magnetic disk of virtual machine of software package is copied in empty magnetic disk of virtual machine, and remove sky software pre-installation bag mark, if there is mistake in process, then proceed to step (5-8);

(5-7) perform in object magnetic disk of virtual machine by normal flow below operating system installation process, comprise and select language, time zone, configuring firewalls and installation GRUB, if there is mistake in installation process, then forward step (5-8) to, if there is not mistake, then forward step (5-9) to;

(5-8) make mistakes to monitoring process report installation, and forward step (5-10) to;

(5-9) to monitoring process report installation, process terminates;

(5-10) terminating operation system installation process;

(6) judge in operating system installation process, whether generate software pre-installation bag, if generated, in software pre-installation Bao Ku, register this software pre-installation bag, then enter step (7), otherwise directly enter step (7);

(7) clear up the temporary file in Essential Environment, give back IP address to IP address pool, and to user report installation results.

2. virtual machine image generation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (1) is specially, solved by the database file in query software source to the dependent analysis of software, if dependence is not met, then the software of pointing out user to upload could not meet the reason of dependence, also needs to upload which software package and could meet software dependence, repeat (1) step, until the dependence of software is met.

3. virtual machine image generation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, temporary file comprises the copy of software pre-installation bag, Bootable CD-ROM and virtual machine activation configuration file.

4. virtual machine image generation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (3) comprises following sub-step:

(3-1) according to the analysis result of operating system configuration information, the Essential Environment relevant to software pre-installation bag is generated;

(3-2) Essential Environment started needed for virtual machine is generated.

5. virtual machine image generation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that,

Step (3-1) is specially, if the software pre-installation bag of coupling is found in the instruction of software pre-installation bag matching result in step (2), then coupling software pre-installation wrap set up a QCOW2 form increment mirror image as software pre-installation bag copy, and residue want the software matrix of mounting software to be placed into wherein; If user needs to generate software pre-installation bag, and the software pre-installation bag mated completely is not found in the instruction of software pre-installation bag matching result in step (2), the then magnetic disk of virtual machine of a newly-built QCOW2 form, and inside this magnetic disk of virtual machine, place identification document to represent that this is a magnetic disk of virtual machine that will be used for placing software pre-installation bag;

Step (3-2) is specially, secondary IP address pond obtains IP address, generating the destination disc mirror image for loading final purpose root file system, generating the Bootable CD-ROM and virtual machine activation configuration file that include the software installation procedure configuration file generated according to the configuration information of user's submission; Wherein the hard disk item of virtual machine activation configuration file is except destination disc mirror image, also should have the disk mirroring generated in (3-1), to load when starting virtual machine.

6. under a cloud environment based on the virtual machine image generation system of software pre-installation, comprise software upload module, operating system configuration information analysis module, Essential Environment generation module, virtual machine activation module, operating system installation and installation monitoring module, software pre-installation bag Registering modules and environment cleaning module, it is characterized in that

Software upload module for receiving the upload software of user, and carries out dependence inspection to the software uploaded;

Operating system configuration information analysis module for receive and analyze user submit to operating system configuration information, to obtain operating system configuration information analysis result; Operating system configuration information analysis module comprises the generation of software matrix generation submodule, software pre-installation bag matched sub-block and software pre-installation bag and judges submodule;

Software matrix generates submodule and is used for extracting the software that will install the operating system configuration information submitted to from user, obtains complete software matrix by dependence analysis;

Software pre-installation bag matched sub-block searches for using complete software matrix to go the software pre-installation bag that meets maximum match principle in software pre-installation Bao Ku, to obtain software pre-installation bag matching result; Wherein, software pre-installation bag matching result comprises the software pre-installation packet number of software pre-installation bag, matching degree and the coupling whether finding coupling, maximum match principle refers to as the software collection in the software pre-installation bag of final Query Result is the maximal subset of software assembly of taking away in the complete software matrix of inquiry, and matching degree comprises mates completely, comprises and do not mate;

Software pre-installation bag generates and judges that submodule is used for judging whether user requires in the process of generating virtual machines mirror image, generate software pre-installation bag the operating system configuration information submitted to from user, if user's requirement, and the matching degree obtained in software pre-installation bag matched sub-block comprises or do not mate, then represent that the judged result needing to generate software pre-installation bag is yes, otherwise expression does not need to generate software pre-installation bag;

Essential Environment generation module comprises software pre-installation bag Essential Environment and generates submodule and virtual machine activation Essential Environment generation submodule;

Software pre-installation bag Essential Environment generates submodule for the analysis result according to operating system configuration information, generates the Essential Environment relevant to software pre-installation bag;

Virtual machine activation Essential Environment generates submodule for generating the Essential Environment started needed for virtual machine;

Essential Environment generation module is used for generating based on the necessary Essential Environment of software pre-installation technology installing operating system according to operating system configuration information analysis result;

Virtual machine activation module uses virtual machine activation configuration file to start virtual machine under being used for the Essential Environment generated at Essential Environment generation module, start monitoring process simultaneously;

Operating system installation and installation monitoring module are used for operation system installation procedure in virtual machine, with with noninteractive mode installing operating system, monitoring process judges that the installation of operating system makes mistakes or completes simultaneously, if made mistakes, then close virtual machine, and proceed to environment cleaning module, if completed, then close virtual machine, and proceed to software pre-installation bag Registering modules; Before operating system installation and installation monitoring module comprise software installation, implementation sub-module, software pre-installation bag loading differentiation submodule, the software installation submodule based on software pre-installation packet technology, normal software installation submodule, empty software pre-installation bag disk mirroring load differentiation submodule, software pre-installation bag generation submodule, software installation rear implementation sub-module, error handle submodule, install process submodule and operating system installation terminator module;

Front implementation sub-module installs the last stage of beginning work for completing software installed by software, comprises format object magnetic disk of virtual machine, namely install each several part work before starting by normal flow process complete operation system installation procedure software; If install and occur mistake, then proceed to error handle submodule;

Software pre-installation bag loads and differentiates that submodule is for differentiating whether virtual machine is loaded with software pre-installation bag, if be loaded with software pre-installation bag, then forward software to and submodule is installed, otherwise forward normal software installation submodule to, if there is mistake in process, then forward error handle submodule to;

Software based on software pre-installation packet technology is installed submodule and is gone for being copied to by the root file system of software pre-installation bag in the firm object magnetic disk of virtual machine formatd, software matrix to be installed is remained in reading software pre-installation bag, installation software package is wherein in object magnetic disk of virtual machine, if there is mistake in process, then proceed to error handle submodule;

Normal software installs submodule for extracting the software matrix in operating system installation application configuration file, complete software package list to be installed is obtained by dependency analysis, each software package is wherein installed successively in object magnetic disk of virtual machine, if there is mistake in process, then proceed to error handle submodule;

Empty software pre-installation bag disk mirroring loads and differentiates that submodule is for judging whether virtual machine is loaded with the magnetic disk of virtual machine be with and be free software pre-installation bag to identify; If be loaded with, then forward software pre-installation bag to and generate submodule, otherwise implementation sub-module after directly forwarding software installation to; If there is mistake in process, then proceed to error handle submodule;

Software pre-installation bag generates submodule and is used for the root file system installed in the object magnetic disk of virtual machine of software package to copy in empty magnetic disk of virtual machine, and removes sky software pre-installation bag mark, if there is mistake in process, then proceeds to error handle submodule;

After software installation, implementation sub-module is used for the operating system installation step after software package executable installs, and comprises and selects language, time zone, configuring firewalls and installation multiboot manager; If there is mistake in process, then proceed to error handle submodule, if there is not mistake, then proceed to and install process submodule;

Error handle submodule is used for makeing mistakes to monitoring process report installation, and forwards operating system installation terminator module to;

Install process submodule for reporting installation to monitoring process, process terminates;

Operating system installation terminator module is used for terminating operation system and installs;

Software pre-installation bag Registering modules is used for judging in operating system installation process, whether generate software pre-installation bag, if generated, in software pre-installation Bao Ku, register this software pre-installation bag, then entered environment cleaning module, otherwise directly entered environment clears up module;

Environment cleaning module, for clearing up the temporary file in Essential Environment, gives back IP address to IP address pool, and to user report installation results.