CN103091343B - Method for determining movement of friable rock particles in laboratory - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring the moving process of loose ore rock particles in a laboratory. The result of the experimental measurement can be used to guide caving mining production and reduce loss and dilution rate. The equipment and materials used in the present invention are: one portable X-ray transmitter; one plexiglass material deposit box; X-ray image film; coordinate paper and X-ray protective lead room; dolomite particles and magnets with different absorption coefficients The ore particles are respectively used as rock particles and ore particles. After the ore drawing process and the blackness difference post-processing process during imaging, the movement of the position of the blackness difference is determined to represent the movement process of the magnetite particles in the dolomite bulk, so as to complete the measurement of the movement of the particles in the loose ore rock process. The invention measures the movement process of loose ore rocks in a laboratory, finds the movement law of loose ore rock particles, optimizes mining structure parameters, fully recovers mineral resources, and improves mine economic benefits.

Description

A laboratory method for measuring the moving process of loose ore rock particles

technical field

The invention relates to a method for measuring the moving process of loose ore rock particles in caving mining, in particular to a method for measuring the moving process of loose ore rock particles in a laboratory.

Background technique

The caving mining method is characterized in that the ore caving by blasting is mined under the cover of loose rock particles. The ore is in direct contact with the rock, resulting in dilution and loss during the recovery process of this method. Therefore, the determination of the movement process of loose ore particles is an important content to fundamentally understand the process and mechanism of rock particles mixing into ore. In order to reduce loss and dilution rate and fully recover underground mineral resources, it is necessary to understand the movement process of particles in loose ore rocks. So far, there is no relevant report on the measurement of particle movement in loose ore rocks.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a method for measuring the moving process of loose ore rock particles in a laboratory. The result of the experimental measurement can be used to guide caving mining production and reduce loss and dilution rate.

A laboratory method for measuring the movement process of loose ore rocks. According to the different degrees of attenuation of X-rays by two kinds of ore rock particles with different absorption coefficients, the blackness value during imaging is different. Identify and image the ore rock particles, and measure the movement process of loose ore rock particles by means of a series of pictures of the movement of the position of the blackness difference.

The method that a kind of laboratory measurement loose ore rock moving process provided by the invention comprises the following contents:

a. Measuring equipment and materials

A portable X-ray transmitter is adopted, the tube voltage can be adjusted from 50Kv to 300Kv, the tube current can be adjusted from 0.5mA to 5mA, the focus size is 1.5mm×3.0mm, and the radiation angle is 40°; An ore outlet is opened at the bottom of the mine box, and the top is open to load and unload ore rock particles; X-ray imaging film; coordinate paper; X-ray protective lead room. The entire laboratory measurement process is carried out in the protective lead room. It is located outside the protective lead room during transillumination;

b. Transillumination ore particle selection

Choose dolomite and magnetite ore particles with different absorption coefficients, use dolomite as rock particles, magnetite particles as ore particles, fill the dolomite bulk particles into the ore box, and put them in the dolomite bulk. into a magnetite particle;

c. Ore-drawing imaging process

In the protective lead room, a portable X-ray transmitter is placed, and the X-ray machine console is connected, and the ore box is placed, and loose ore particles are loaded, and then the X-ray imaging film cut to an appropriate size is loaded into the intensifying screen and placed. Closely attached to the back side of the ore draw box, the front side of the ore draw box is aligned with the X-ray emission window, and the X-ray emission window is aligned with the center of the ore draw box, so that the X-ray can penetrate through the loose ore rock in the ore draw box vertically. According to the X-ray imaging film, the distance from the X-ray emission window to the ore-drawing box is between 20cm and 40cm. After the measurement equipment is laid out, the protective lead room is closed, and the tester controls the X-ray console outside the lead room to adjust the X-ray The machine tube voltage is 150Kv, the tube current is 5mA, and the exposure time is 1.5 minutes. Press the control switch and wait for the exposure countdown to end. After the exposure is over, open the protective lead room, take out the X-ray imaging film in the intensifying screen and record it as film 1 , put it into the developer solution for 15 minutes of development, take it out after development, and air-dry and fix it. At this point, the transillumination imaging is over, and the mine outlet is opened to release 100-500cm ³ of ore particles, which will be recorded as X of film 2 Put the radiography film into the intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, the tester controls the X-ray console outside the lead room, adjust the X-ray machine tube voltage to 150Kv, tube current to 5mA, exposure time for 1.5 minutes, press the control switch and wait. The exposure countdown is over. After the exposure is over, open the protective lead room, take out the X-ray imaging film marked as film 2 in the intensifying screen, put it in the developing solution for 15 minutes of development, take it out after development, air dry and fix it, and here , the transillumination imaging is over, open the ore outlet to release 100-500cm ³ of ore rock particles, put the X-ray imaging film recorded as film 3 into the intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, repeat the above steps until the Baiyun The release of magnetite particles in the stone powder stops, and n pieces of X-ray imaging films with blackness difference are obtained so far;

d. Imaging post-processing

Following the ore-drawing process, a series of films marked 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., n are obtained by transilluminating the loose ore rocks in the ore-drawing box. Since the dolomite bulk and magnetite particles have different absorption coefficients, There will be a difference in blackness during imaging, and the size of each film is the same, so the movement of the position of the difference in blackness represents the movement process of the magnetite particles in the dolomite powder, and the position of the center of the white area in film 1 is drawn on the coordinate paper A is marked as P1, the position of the center of the white area in film 2 is drawn on the same coordinate paper A and marked as P2, and the position of the center of the white area in film n is drawn on the same coordinate paper A as Pn by the same method After drawing, connect all the points P1, P2, ..., Pn on the coordinate paper A with a broken line, which represents the moving process of the magnetite particles in the dolomite bulk, so as to complete the determination of the moving process of the particles in the loose ore rock .

The appearance size of the ore-drawing box made of organic glass is 15cm long, 15cm wide, and 30cm high. The cutting size is 15cm in length and 30cm in height; the coordinate paper is cut to the same size as the X-ray imaging film, 15cm in length and 30cm in height.

The particle size d of the dolomite bulk particles is less than or equal to 10 mm, the particle size d of the magnetite particles is 1 cm, and the magnetite particles are placed in the dolomite powder body at a height of 20 cm from the ore outlet.

The obvious beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. Through the method of measuring the moving process of loose ore rock particles, the particles with different absorption coefficients in the loose ore rock are identified and imaged by using the penetration and attenuation laws of X-rays on objects. Through a series of pictures of the moving position of the blackness difference, the moving process of the loose ore rock particles can be measured, and the movement law of the loose ore rock particles can be found.

2. Through the method of measuring the movement process of loose ore rocks, find the movement law of loose ore rock particles, and then optimize the structural parameters, reduce the loss and dilution rate of the caving mining method, fully recover mineral resources, and improve mine economic benefits.

3. Through the method of measuring the moving process of loose ore rocks, the mechanism of the mixing of loose rock particles into ore can be studied by using the penetration and attenuation rules of X-rays on objects.

Detailed ways

A laboratory method for measuring the moving process of loose ore rocks, the specific content is as follows:

A portable X-ray transmitter is adopted, the tube voltage can be adjusted from 50Kv to 300Kv, the tube current can be adjusted from 0.5mA to 5mA, the focus size is 1.5mm×3.0mm, and the radiation angle is 40°; The appearance size of the mine box is 15cm long, 15cm wide, and 30cm high. The thickness of the plexiglass plate on the front, back, left, and right sides and the bottom surface is 5mm. There is a 3cm×3cm ore outlet at the bottom of the ore box, and the top is open for loading and unloading ore particles. ; X-ray imaging film, cut the X-ray film size to be 15cm long and 30cm high; coordinate paper, cut the coordinate paper to the same size as the X-ray imaging film, 15cm long and 30cm high; X-ray protective lead room, measured in the whole laboratory The process is carried out in the protective lead room, and the personnel are outside the protective lead room during X-ray transillumination.

Selection of transilluminated rock particles: Dolomite and magnetite ore particles with different absorption coefficients are selected, dolomite is used as rock particles, magnetite is used as ore particles, and the particle size of dolomite bulk particles is d≤10mm , a magnetite particle with a diameter d of 1 cm. Fill the ore-drawing box with the dolomite bulk particles, and put a magnetite particle with a particle diameter of 1 cm in the dolomite bulk body at a position of 20 cm from the ore outlet height.

Ore-drawing imaging process: In the protective lead room, place a portable X-ray transmitter and connect the X-ray machine console, place the ore-drawing box, load loose ore rock particles, and then put the X-ray imaging film cut to an appropriate size into the The intensifying screen is closely attached to the back side of the ore-drawing box, and the front side of the ore-drawing box is aligned with the X-ray emission window. Align the X-ray emission window to the center of the ore draw box, so that the X-rays can penetrate the loose ore rock in the ore draw box and can be vertically transilluminated on the X-ray imaging film, and the distance between the X-ray emission window and the ore draw box is corrected to 25cm. After laying out the measurement experimental equipment, close the protective lead room, testers manipulate the X-ray console outside the lead room, adjust the X-ray machine tube voltage to 150Kv, tube current to 5mA, and exposure time for 1.5 minutes, press the control switch and wait for the exposure countdown After the exposure is over, open the protective lead room, take out the X-ray imaging film in the intensifying screen and record it as Film 1, put it in the developer solution for 15 minutes of development, take it out after development, air dry and fix it, and here, the The second transillumination imaging is over. Open the mine outlet to release 300cm ³ of ore rock particles, put the X-ray imaging film recorded as film 2 into the intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, and the tester manipulates the X-ray console outside the lead room to adjust the X-ray machine tube The voltage is 150Kv, the tube current is 5mA, and the exposure time is 1.5 minutes. Press the control switch and wait for the countdown of the exposure to end. Put it into the developer solution for 15 minutes of development, take it out after development, air dry and fix it, and the transillumination imaging is over at this point. Open the mine outlet to release 300cm ³ of ore rock particles, put the X-ray imaging film recorded as film 3 into the intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, and the tester controls the X-ray console outside the lead room to adjust the X-ray machine tube The voltage is 150Kv, the tube current is 5mA, and the exposure time is 1.5 minutes. Press the control switch and wait for the exposure countdown to end. After the exposure is over, open the protective lead room, take out the X-ray imaging film in the intensifying screen, and put it in the developing solution. After developing for 15 minutes, take it out after developing, air-dry and fix, and the transillumination imaging is over at this point. Open the ore outlet to release 300cm ³ of ore rock particles, put the X-ray imaging film recorded as film 4 into the intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, and testers manipulate the X-ray console outside the lead room to adjust the X-ray machine tube The voltage is 150Kv, the tube current is 5mA, and the exposure time is 1.5 minutes. Press the control switch and wait for the exposure countdown to end. After the exposure is over, open the protective lead room, take out the X-ray imaging film in the intensifying screen, and put it in the developing solution. After developing for 15 minutes, take it out after developing, air-dry and fix it. At this point, the transillumination imaging is over. Since the magnetite ore particles were discharged in the third ore drawing, the measurement ended here.

Draw the position of the center of the white area in Film 1 on the coordinate paper A and mark it as P1, draw the position of the center of the white area in Film 2 on the coordinate paper A and record it as P2, and draw the position of the center of the white area in Film 3 on coordinate paper Mark it as P3 on paper A, and mark the position of the center of the white area in film 4 on coordinate paper A as P4. After drawing, connect all points P1, P2, P3, and P4 on the coordinate paper A with a broken line, which represents the moving process of magnetite particles in the dolomite bulk, so as to complete the measurement of the particle moving process in the loose ore rock.

Claims (3)

1. A method for laboratory measurement of loose ore rock movement process, characterized in that the method comprises the following: a. Measuring equipment and materials A portable X-ray transmitter is adopted, the tube voltage can be adjusted from 50Kv to 300Kv, the tube current can be adjusted from 0.5mA to 5mA, the focus size is 1.5mm×3.0mm, and the radiation angle is 40°; An ore outlet is opened at the bottom of the mine box, and the top is open to load and unload ore rock particles; X-ray imaging film; coordinate paper; X-ray protective lead room. The entire laboratory measurement process is carried out in the protective lead room. It is located outside the protective lead room during transillumination; b. Transillumination ore particle selection Choose dolomite and magnetite ore particles with different absorption coefficients, use dolomite as rock particles and magnetite as ore particles, fill the dolomite bulk particles into the ore box, and put them in the dolomite bulk a magnetite pellet; c. Ore-drawing imaging process In the protective lead room, a portable X-ray transmitter is placed, and the X-ray machine console is connected, and the ore box is placed, and loose ore particles are loaded, and then the X-ray imaging film cut to an appropriate size is loaded into the intensifying screen and placed. Closely attached to the back side of the ore draw box, the front side of the ore draw box is aligned with the X-ray emission window, and the X-ray emission window is aligned with the center of the ore draw box, so that the X-ray can penetrate through the loose ore rock in the ore draw box vertically. According to the X-ray imaging film, the distance from the X-ray emission window to the ore-drawing box is between 20cm and 40cm. After the measurement equipment is laid out, the protective lead room is closed, and the tester controls the X-ray console outside the lead room to adjust the X-ray The machine tube voltage is 150Kv, the tube current is 5mA, and the exposure time is 1.5 minutes. Press the control switch and wait for the exposure countdown to end. After the exposure is over, open the protective lead room, take out the X-ray imaging film in the intensifying screen and record it as film 1 , put it into the developer solution for 15 minutes of development, take it out after development, and air-dry and fix it. At this point, the transillumination imaging is over, and the mine outlet is opened to release 100-500cm ³ of ore particles, which will be recorded as X of film 2 Put the radiography film into the intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, the tester controls the X-ray console outside the lead room, adjust the X-ray machine tube voltage to 150Kv, tube current to 5mA, exposure time for 1.5 minutes, press the control switch and wait. The exposure countdown is over. After the exposure is over, open the protective lead room, take out the X-ray imaging film marked as film 2 in the intensifying screen, put it in the developing solution for 15 minutes of development, take it out after development, air dry and fix it, and here , the transillumination imaging is over, open the ore outlet to release 100-500cm ³ of ore rock particles, put the X-ray imaging film recorded as film 3 into the intensifying screen, close the protective lead room, repeat the above steps until the Baiyun The release of magnetite particles in the stone powder stops, and n pieces of X-ray imaging films with blackness difference are obtained so far; d. Imaging post-processing Following the ore-drawing process, a series of films marked 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., n are obtained by transilluminating the loose ore rocks in the ore-drawing box. Since the dolomite bulk and magnetite particles have different absorption coefficients, There will be a difference in blackness during imaging, and the size of each film is the same, so the movement of the position of the difference in blackness represents the movement process of the magnetite particles in the dolomite powder, and the position of the center of the white area in film 1 is drawn on the coordinate paper A is marked as P1, the position of the center of the white area in film 2 is drawn on the same coordinate paper A and marked as P2, and the position of the center of the white area in film n is drawn on the same coordinate paper A as Pn by the same method After drawing, connect all the points P1, P2, ..., Pn on the coordinate paper A with a broken line, the broken line represents the moving process of the magnetite particles in the dolomite bulk, so as to complete the movement process of the particles in the loose ore rock Determination. 2. a kind of laboratory measurement method for loose ore rock moving process according to claim 1 is characterized in that said plexiglass material ore-drawing box appearance size is long 15cm, wide 15cm, high 30cm, 4 sides around The thickness of the plexiglass plate and the bottom surface are both 5mm, and the size of the ore outlet at the bottom of the ore box is 3cm×3cm; the cutting size of the X-ray film is 15cm in length and 30cm in height; the coordinate paper is cut to the same size as the X-ray imaging film, 15cm in length and 15cm in height 30cm. 3. a kind of laboratory measures the method for loose ore rock moving process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the particle diameter d≤10mm of said dolomite bulk particle, the magnetic ore particle particle diameter d is 1cm, and the magnetite The ore particles are placed in the dolomite bulk at a height of 20cm from the ore outlet.