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CN103071380B - A kind of method of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis - Google Patents

A kind of method of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103071380B
CN103071380B CN201310038441.6A CN201310038441A CN103071380B CN 103071380 B CN103071380 B CN 103071380B CN 201310038441 A CN201310038441 A CN 201310038441A CN 103071380 B CN103071380 B CN 103071380B
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pyrolysis
carbon dioxide
carbon
carbonic anhydride
collecting carbonic
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CN103071380A (en
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程礼华
沈宏良
应惟白
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Zhejiang Sen Jing Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.
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HANGZHOU SENJING ATMOSPHERE ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02CCAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/151Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

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Abstract

The present invention relates to carbon dioxide row to subtract and carbon dioxide conversion field; particularly relate to a kind of method of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis; sodium carbonate liquor is utilized to be sodium bicarbonate solution at carbonators by the carbon dioxide conversion in flue gas; highly purified carbon dioxide is gone out through pyrolysis tower fast decoupled; the pollution that the hypercapnia that solution produces because of burning fossil fuel causes, realizes energy-conserving and environment-protective, alleviates energy crisis, reduces greenhouse effects.Beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1), under the synergy of sodium carbonate, catalyst, activating agent, significantly improves collecting carbonic anhydride rate; (2) solution fast decoupled carbon dioxide, reduces disaggregated cost; (3) equipment investment is few; can trap in a large number and fumed silica carbon; make carbon dioxide near-zero release, be applicable to the emphasis consumption coal industry sizeization trappings such as coal electricity, Coal Chemical Industry, iron and steel, cement, papermaking, metallurgy, printing and dyeing, chemical industry and reclaim, apply CO_2 Resource, reduce greenhouse effects.

Description

A kind of method of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis
Technical field
The present invention relates to carbon dioxide row to subtract and carbon dioxide conversion field, particularly relate to a kind of method of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis.
Background technology
Fossil fuel is one of the main energy sources in the whole world, and generate carbon dioxide after fossil fuel and organic compound burn completely, carbon dioxide is discharged in air.In recent years, by research, people assert that carbon dioxide is the principal element causing the arch-criminal of greenhouse effects He cause world climate ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS, if do not take measure timely and effectively, global temperatures will in century-old rising 1.5-3.5 degree, polar glacier large area ablation, the existence of many species also can be affected and even disappear.Therefore the row of carbon dioxide subtracts and transforms into a popular research topic of contemporary scientific, and the trapping of carbon and storing technology at source capturing carbon dioxide and by the storage of its envelope in memory device, thus can reduce greenhouse effects.
The chemical conversion of carbon dioxide can adopt number of ways, mainly comprise: Direct Resolution is carbon, oxygen, carbon monoxide, react with organic matter, and hydrogen reaction methanol etc., the energy-provision way of conversion reaction, except heating, also has optical, electrical and plasma etc.But collecting carbonic anhydride utilizes and is still in researches and develops and demonstration phase with Plugging Technology Applied, be faced with the outstanding problems such as high cost, high energy consumption, long-term safety and reliability be uncertain at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes above-mentioned weak point, object is a kind of method providing collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis, utilize sodium carbonate liquor to be sodium bicarbonate solution at carbonators by the carbon dioxide conversion in flue gas, go out highly purified carbon dioxide through pyrolysis tower fast decoupled.The pollution that the hypercapnia that solution produces because of burning fossil fuel causes, realizes energy-conserving and environment-protective, alleviates energy crisis, reduces greenhouse effects.
The present invention achieves the above object by the following technical programs, and a kind of method of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis, comprises the following steps:
1) cold sodium bicarbonate solution and catalyst, activating agent is fully fused, make carbon-dioxide absorbent solution, wherein catalyst is the full dissolubility humic acid of content more than 5%, or full dissolubility fulvic acid; Activating agent is the biochemical amino acid of full dissolubility of content more than 5%;
2) temperature of carbonators is controlled at 60-70 DEG C, the carbon-dioxide absorbent solution described in step 1) is contacted in carbonators with the flue gas entered, make carbon dioxide in flue gas produce chemical reaction: Na 2cO 3+ CO 2+ H 2o---2NaHCO 3, generate the carbon-dioxide absorbent solution containing sodium acid carbonate;
3) by step 2) described in the input of the carbon-dioxide absorbent solution containing sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis tower carry out pyrolysis processing, pyrolysis control temperature is 85-98 DEG C, produces chemical reaction: 2NaHCO 3---Na 2cO 3+ CO 2+ H 2o, obtains carbon dioxide and sodium bicarbonate solution;
4) the carbon dioxide input condensing gas separator described in step 3) is carried out condensation dehydration process, recompress into liquid state and insert gas storage holder storage;
5) the sodium acid carbonate liquid described in step 3) is made into carbon-dioxide absorbent solution again by method described in step 1) to reuse.
As preferably, the part by weight of catalyst described in step 1) and carbon dioxide usage amount is 0.01%-0.5%.
As preferably, the part by weight of activating agent described in step 1) and carbon dioxide usage amount: 0.01%-0.5%.
As preferably, the pyrolysis processing described in step 3) adopts flash pyrolysis mode.
As preferably, the overall process of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis adopts long-distance intelligent explosion-proof monitoring system to monitor to pressure, temperature, flow.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1), under the synergy of sodium carbonate, catalyst, activating agent, significantly improves collecting carbonic anhydride rate; (2) solution fast decoupled carbon dioxide, reduces disaggregated cost; (3) equipment investment is few; can trap in a large number and fumed silica carbon; make carbon dioxide near-zero release, be applicable to the emphasis consumption coal industry sizeization trappings such as coal electricity, Coal Chemical Industry, iron and steel, cement, papermaking, metallurgy, printing and dyeing, chemical industry and reclaim, apply CO_2 Resource, reduce greenhouse effects.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of collecting carbonic anhydride of the present invention and pyrolysis;
In figure: 1, gas approach; 2, carbonators; 3, sodium bicarbonate solution carrier pipe; 4, sodium bicarbonate solution pump; 5, sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel; 6, CO 2+ H 2o air shooter; 7, condensed water and sodium carbonate liquor carrier pipe; 8, CO 2gas outlet tube; 9, CO 2gas holder; 10, air water condensation separator; 11, condensation-water drain; 12, cooling heat exchanger; 13, solution dosing chamber; 14, sodium carbonate liquor pump; 15, the molten nozzle of sodium carbonate; 16, other gas vent.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in this:
The present invention is realized by collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis installation, and collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis installation are by gas approach 1, carbonators 2, sodium bicarbonate solution carrier pipe 3, sodium bicarbonate solution pump 4, sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5, CO 2+ H 2o air shooter 6, condensed water and sodium carbonate liquor carrier pipe 7, CO 2gas outlet tube 8, CO 2the molten nozzle 15 of gas holder 9, air water condensation separator 10, condensation-water drain 11, cooling heat exchanger 12, solution dosing chamber 13, sodium carbonate liquor pump 14, sodium carbonate, other gas vent 16 form, described flue gas to enter and gas approach 1 is connected with the bottom of carbonators 2 from gas approach 1, after the bottom-up flowing of flue gas and carbon-dioxide absorbent solution counter current contacting, additional air is discharged from other other outlet 16 at carbonators 2 top, through being delivered into sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5 by sodium bicarbonate solution carrier pipe 3 after the sodium bicarbonate solution absorbing carbon dioxide is pressurizeed by sodium bicarbonate solution pump 4, sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5 pyrolysis sodium bicarbonate solution produces mist, mist comprises carbon dioxide and steam, carbon dioxide is delivered to CO by mist after air water condensation separator 10 2gas holder 9 stores, sodium carbonate liquor after pyrolysis flow out bottom sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5 with air water condensation separator 10 bottom the aqueous water that flows out after cooling heat exchanger 12 is lowered the temperature, flow to solution dosing chamber 13, solution dosing chamber 13 configures quantitative carbon-dioxide absorbent solution and adds pressure at sodium carbonate liquor pump 14 and be delivered to carbonators and spray and go out.
Embodiment 1: a kind of method of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis, comprises the following steps:
1) sodium carbonate liquor and catalyst, activating agent is fully fused, make carbon-dioxide absorbent solution, wherein catalyst is the full dissolubility humic acid of content more than 5%, or full dissolubility fulvic acid; Activating agent is the biochemical amino acid of full dissolubility of content more than 5%; The part by weight of catalyst and carbon dioxide usage amount is 0.01%, the part by weight of activating agent and carbon dioxide usage amount: 0.01%; The carbon-dioxide absorbent solution made sends into solution dosing chamber 13, sends into carbonators 2, sprayed downwards by the molten nozzle 15 of sodium carbonate through sodium carbonate liquor pump 14;
2) control at 60 DEG C by the temperature of carbonators 2, flue gas sends into carbonators 2 from gas approach 1, and flue gas moves upward and forms convection current with the sodium carbonate liquor sprayed downwards described in step 1), wherein, and the CO in flue gas 2react with sodium carbonate, water and form sodium bicarbonate solution, deliver to sodium bicarbonate solution pump 4 enter sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5 through sodium bicarbonate solution carrier pipe 3, in flue gas, the gas of no reaction is discharged by other gas vent 16;
The reaction condition of carbonators 2:
(1) chemical reaction mechanism
Na 2CO 3+CO 2+H 2O——2NaHCO 3
(2) adsorbing synthesis reaction temperature is 60 DEG C.
(3) adsorbing synthesising reacting time is 1 second.
Reaction time speed determines the speed of collecting carbonic anhydride speed.
Below 50 DEG C, the reaction time is long, and sodium acid carbonate forms crystal.
3) by step 2) described in the input of the carbon-dioxide absorbent solution containing sodium acid carbonate sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5 carry out pyrolysis processing, control temperature is 120 DEG C, produces chemical reaction: 2NaHCO 3---Na 2cO 3+ CO 2+ H 2o, obtains carbon dioxide and sodium carbonate liquor;
The reaction condition of sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5:
(1) chemical reaction mechanism
2NaHCO 3——Na 2CO 3+CO 2+H 2O
(2) flash pyrolysis mode: temperature 120 DEG C.
(3) flash pyrolysis mode: 0.05 second time.
(4) the brilliant liquor ratio of pyrolysis
The crystal of pyrolysis sodium acid carbonate and the percentage by weight of liquid: crystal 0%: solution 100%.
Crystal percentage is higher, and relative thermal energy consumption is fewer.
4) after the sodium bicarbonate solution pyrolysis of sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5, CO is out decomposed 2and H 2o gas is by CO 2+ H 2o air shooter 6 is delivered to air water condensation separator 10 and is separated, CO 2through CO 2gas outlet tube 8 delivers to CO 2gas holder 9 stores;
5) condensed water be separated from condensation-water drain 11 out, together with the sodium carbonate liquor formed after sodium bicarbonate solution pyrolysis flash distillation, is delivered to cooling heat exchanger 12 through condensed water and sodium carbonate liquor carrier pipe 7 and is lowered the temperature, and sends into solution dosing chamber 13 and recycles.
Embodiment 2: a kind of method of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis, comprises the following steps:
1) sodium carbonate liquor and catalyst, activating agent is fully fused, make carbon-dioxide absorbent solution, wherein catalyst is the full dissolubility humic acid of content more than 5%, or full dissolubility fulvic acid; Activating agent is the biochemical amino acid of full dissolubility of content more than 5%; The part by weight of catalyst and carbon dioxide usage amount is 0.5%, the part by weight of activating agent and carbon dioxide usage amount: 0.5%; The carbon-dioxide absorbent solution made sends into solution dosing chamber 13, sends into carbonators 2, sprayed downwards by the molten nozzle 15 of sodium carbonate through sodium carbonate liquor pump 14;
2) control at 60-70 DEG C by the temperature of carbonators 2, flue gas sends into carbonators 2 from gas approach 1, and flue gas moves upward and forms convection current with the sodium carbonate liquor that sprays downwards in step 1), wherein, and the CO in flue gas 2react with sodium carbonate, water and form sodium bicarbonate solution, deliver to sodium bicarbonate solution pump 4 enter sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5 through sodium bicarbonate solution carrier pipe 3, in flue gas, the gas of no reaction is discharged by other gas vent 16;
The reaction condition of carbonators 2:
(1) chemical reaction mechanism
Na 2CO 3+CO 2+H 2O——2NaHCO 3
(2) adsorbing synthesis reaction temperature is 70 DEG C.
(3) adsorbing synthesising reacting time is 10 seconds.
Reaction time speed determines the speed of collecting carbonic anhydride speed.
Below 50 DEG C, the reaction time is long, and sodium acid carbonate forms crystal.
3) by step 2) described in the input of the carbon-dioxide absorbent solution containing sodium acid carbonate sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5 carry out pyrolysis processing, control temperature is 160 DEG C, produces chemical reaction: 2NaHCO 3---Na 2cO 3+ CO 2+ H 2o, obtains carbon dioxide and sodium carbonate liquor;
The reaction condition of sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5:
(1) chemical reaction mechanism
2NaHCO 3——Na 2CO 3+CO 2+H 2O
(2) flash pyrolysis mode: temperature 160 DEG C.
(3) flash pyrolysis mode: 5 seconds time.
(4) the brilliant liquor ratio of pyrolysis
The crystal of pyrolysis sodium acid carbonate and the percentage by weight of liquid: crystal 70%: solution 30%.
Crystal percentage is higher, and relative thermal energy consumption is fewer.
4) after the sodium bicarbonate solution pyrolysis of sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5, CO is out decomposed 2and H 2o gas is by CO 2+ H 2o air shooter 6 is delivered to air water condensation separator 10 and is separated, CO 2through CO 2gas outlet tube 8 delivers to CO 2gas holder 9 stores;
5) condensed water be separated from condensation-water drain 11 out, together with the sodium carbonate liquor formed after sodium bicarbonate solution pyrolysis flash distillation, is delivered to cooling heat exchanger 12 through condensed water and sodium carbonate liquor carrier pipe 7 and is lowered the temperature, and sends into solution dosing chamber 13 and recycles.
Embodiment 3: a kind of method of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis, comprises the following steps:
1) sodium carbonate liquor and catalyst, activating agent is fully fused, make carbon-dioxide absorbent solution, wherein catalyst is the full dissolubility humic acid of content more than 5%, or full dissolubility fulvic acid; Activating agent is the biochemical amino acid of full dissolubility of content more than 5%; The part by weight of catalyst and carbon dioxide usage amount is 0.3%, the part by weight of activating agent and carbon dioxide usage amount: 0.3%; The carbon-dioxide absorbent solution made sends into solution dosing chamber 13, sends into carbonators 2, sprayed downwards by the molten nozzle 15 of sodium carbonate through sodium carbonate liquor pump 14;
2) control at 66 DEG C by the temperature of carbonators 2, flue gas sends into carbonators 2 from gas approach 1, and flue gas moves upward and forms convection current with the sodium carbonate liquor that sprays downwards in step 1), wherein, and the CO in flue gas 2react with sodium carbonate, water and form sodium bicarbonate solution, deliver to sodium bicarbonate solution pump 4 enter sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5 through sodium bicarbonate solution carrier pipe 3, in flue gas, the gas of no reaction is discharged by other gas vent 16;
The reaction condition of carbonators 2:
(1) chemical reaction mechanism
Na 2CO 3+CO 2+H 2O——2NaHCO 3
(2) adsorbing synthesis reaction temperature is 66 DEG C.
(3) adsorbing synthesising reacting time is 5 seconds.
Reaction time speed determines the speed of collecting carbonic anhydride speed.
Below 50 DEG C, the reaction time is long, and sodium acid carbonate forms crystal.
3) by step 2) described in the input of the carbon-dioxide absorbent solution containing sodium acid carbonate sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5 carry out pyrolysis processing, control temperature is 140 DEG C, produces chemical reaction: 2NaHCO 3---Na 2cO 3+ CO 2+ H 2o, obtains carbon dioxide and sodium carbonate liquor;
The reaction condition of sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5:
(1) chemical reaction mechanism
2NaHCO 3——Na 2CO 3+CO 2+H 2O
(2) flash pyrolysis mode: temperature 140 DEG C.
(3) flash pyrolysis mode: 3 seconds time.
(4) the brilliant liquor ratio of pyrolysis
The crystal of pyrolysis sodium acid carbonate and the percentage by weight of liquid: crystal 50%: solution 50%.
Crystal percentage is higher, and relative thermal energy consumption is fewer.
4) after the sodium bicarbonate solution pyrolysis of sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis flash vessel 5, CO is out decomposed 2and H 2o gas is by CO 2+ H 2o air shooter 6 is delivered to air water condensation separator 10 and is separated, CO 2through CO 2gas outlet tube 8 delivers to CO 2gas holder 9 stores;
5) condensed water be separated from condensation-water drain 11 out, together with the sodium carbonate liquor formed after sodium bicarbonate solution pyrolysis flash distillation, is delivered to cooling heat exchanger 12 through condensed water and sodium carbonate liquor carrier pipe 7 and is lowered the temperature, and sends into solution dosing chamber 13 and recycles.
The overall process of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis adopts long-distance intelligent explosion-proof monitoring system to monitor to pressure, temperature, flow.
The know-why being specific embodiments of the invention and using described in above, if the change done according to conception of the present invention, its function produced do not exceed that description and accompanying drawing contain yet spiritual time, must protection scope of the present invention be belonged to.

Claims (5)

1. a method for collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) sodium carbonate liquor and catalyst, activating agent is fully fused, make carbon-dioxide absorbent solution, wherein catalyst is the full dissolubility humic acid of content more than 5%, or full dissolubility fulvic acid; Activating agent is the biochemical amino acid of full dissolubility of content more than 5%;
2) temperature of carbonators is controlled at 60-70 DEG C, the carbon-dioxide absorbent solution described in step 1) is contacted in carbonators with the flue gas entered, make carbon dioxide in flue gas produce chemical reaction: Na 2cO 3+ CO 2+ H 2o---2NaHCO 3, generate the carbon-dioxide absorbent solution containing sodium acid carbonate;
3) by step 2) described in the input of the carbon-dioxide absorbent solution containing sodium acid carbonate pyrolysis tower carry out pyrolysis processing, pyrolysis control temperature is 85-98 DEG C, produces chemical reaction: 2NaHCO 3---Na 2cO 3+ CO 2+ H 2o, obtains carbon dioxide and sodium carbonate liquor;
4) the carbon dioxide input condensing gas separator described in step 3) is carried out condensation dehydration process, recompress into liquid state and insert gas storage holder storage;
5) the sodium carbonate liquid described in step 3) is made into carbon-dioxide absorbent solution again by method described in step 1) to reuse.
2., according to the method for a kind of collecting carbonic anhydride described in claim 1 and pyrolysis, it is characterized in that, the part by weight of catalyst described in step 1) and carbon dioxide usage amount is 0.01%-0.5%.
3., according to the method for a kind of collecting carbonic anhydride described in claim 2 and pyrolysis, it is characterized in that, the part by weight of activating agent described in step 1) and carbon dioxide usage amount: 0.01%-0.5%.
4. according to the method for a kind of collecting carbonic anhydride described in claim 1 and pyrolysis, it is characterized in that, the pyrolysis processing described in step 3) adopts flash pyrolysis mode.
5. a kind of collecting carbonic anhydride according to the arbitrary claim of claim 1,2,3 or 4 and the method for pyrolysis, it is characterized in that, the overall process of collecting carbonic anhydride and pyrolysis adopts long-distance intelligent explosion-proof monitoring system to monitor to pressure, temperature, flow.
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CN109589773A (en) * 2018-12-24 2019-04-09 何东旺 A method of utilizing salt absorbing carbon dioxide
CN111908489A (en) * 2020-08-25 2020-11-10 湖南省银桥科技有限公司 Feed additive sodium bicarbonate system and process thereof
CN113385010A (en) * 2021-05-10 2021-09-14 安徽省环境科学研究院 System and method for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas for power plant
CN116135785B (en) * 2021-11-17 2025-03-25 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 Carbon dioxide capture method coupled with staged electrolysis/pyrolysis to produce hydrogen

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CN101683995A (en) * 2009-04-29 2010-03-31 山东铝业公司 Energy-saving using method for circular batching of carbon mother liquor
CN102000486A (en) * 2010-10-18 2011-04-06 武汉凯迪电力股份有限公司 Method for catching carbon dioxide in flue gas by active sodium carbonate and apparatus thereof

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CN102000486A (en) * 2010-10-18 2011-04-06 武汉凯迪电力股份有限公司 Method for catching carbon dioxide in flue gas by active sodium carbonate and apparatus thereof

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