CN103068072A - Wireless router and ad hoc network for communication along line - Google Patents
Wireless router and ad hoc network for communication along line Download PDFInfo
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- CN103068072A CN103068072A CN2012105941356A CN201210594135A CN103068072A CN 103068072 A CN103068072 A CN 103068072A CN 2012105941356 A CN2012105941356 A CN 2012105941356A CN 201210594135 A CN201210594135 A CN 201210594135A CN 103068072 A CN103068072 A CN 103068072A
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
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- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000931526 Acer campestre Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless router for communication along a line. The wireless router comprises a wireless communication interface, other communication interfaces and a microprocessor, wherein the wireless communication interface comprises a wireless modulator-demodulator and an antenna, one end of the wireless modulator-demodulator is connected with the antenna, the other end of the wireless modulator-demodulator is connected with the microprocessor, the wireless modulator-demodulator is used for modulating and demodulating wireless signals to be digital signals, the antenna is a directional antenna and used for receiving or emitting the wireless signals along the line, the microprocessor is used for operating a communication protocol and carrying out data exchange among the wireless communication interface and the other communication interfaces, and routers are arranged along an existing line. Meanwhile, the invention discloses an ad hoc network for the communication along the line. Under the condition of no public network, little overhead is utilized, and high-quality communication solution along the line is provided through the ad hoc network and the wireless router.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication network technology, relate in particular to the cordless communication network technology.
Background technology
Monitor existing circuit, such as power circuit, rail track, highway alignment, subway line, river course circuit etc. needs communication network, and communication network also needs to open simultaneously multi-channel video signal except transmitting in real time Monitoring Data and the control command.
At present, the communication of existing circuit, for example the communication of the Stateful Inspection of power circuit utilization is the public network communication, such as GPRS, CDMA, 3G etc., because power circuit will be crossed over mountain after mountain, these places cause the place that needs most communication but without signal of communication mostly without public network signal; In addition, their frequency band is wide not, can only transmit static images and delay time longer.
Wireless negative control communication in the past, although transmission range reaches 10km, bandwidth is too narrow, only has 1200 bauds, and the error rate is high, inapplicable.
Existing radio communication, such as bluetooth, Zigbee, WiFi and wireless self-networking etc., communication distance is not suitable for this communication along the line less than 200m yet.
Optical fiber communication on the railway can only be finished communicating by letter of station and center, monitors inapplicable for numerous signal lamps, tunnel, hillside and bridge.
Can improve the spread spectrum of signal to noise ratio, be widely adopted at present, still, need to sacrifice bandwidth and gain signal to noise ratio, not be suitable for broadband connections.
The topological structure of prior wireless network all is a bit to multiple spot or netted regional structure, is not suitable for communication along the line.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended to one of solve the problems of the technologies described above, and according to an aspect of the present invention, provides a kind of wireless router of communication along the line, comprising: wireless communication interface, other communication interface and microprocessor; Described wireless communication interface comprises: radio modem and antenna; Described radio modem one end connects the antenna other end and connects described microprocessor, and being used for the modulation and demodulation wireless signal is digital signal; Described antenna is oriented antenna, is used for along the line the reception or wireless signal emission; Described microprocessor be used for the operational communications agreement and carry out described wireless communication interface and other communication interface between exchanges data; Wherein, described router is arranged along existing circuit.
Especially, described other communication interface is another wireless communication interface, is used for communicating by letter with another wireless router; Described router is arranged on the centre of existing circuit as relay router.
Especially, described other communication interface is local communication interface, be used for connecting local digital equipment, and for local digital equipment provides network insertion, data acquisition and control; Described router is arranged on the end of existing circuit as terminal router.
Especially, described other communication interface also comprises local communication interface, be used for connecting local digital equipment, and for local digital equipment provides network insertion, data acquisition and control.
Selectively, other communication interface also comprises the another one wireless communication interface, is used for communicating by letter with the wireless router on the Y-track; Described router is arranged on the bifurcation of existing circuit as the bifurcated router.
And other communication interface is an outer net communication interface, is used for connecting other communication networks; Described router is arranged on the head end of existing circuit as the head end router.
The oriented antenna of each of described wireless router is aimed at respectively the oriented antenna of other wireless routers.Described radio modem proportion quadrature modulation demodulation techniques are used for improving signal to noise ratio and communication bandwidth.Described local communication interface comprises lan interfaces, RS485 interface, industrial WiFi interface.
Described existing circuit comprises power circuit, rail track, highway alignment, subway line, river course circuit, border circuit.
Described antenna wireless direct transfers distance more than 2km, and described router is installed on the electric pole of power line of existing circuit, on the signal lever of railway, on the signal beacon in river course.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of cordless communication network of communication along the line, comprise a plurality of wireless routers, press head end router, router, router ... the mode of router, terminal router arranges along existing circuit.The communication protocol of described wireless router comprises the MANET algorithm, and the distance between described wireless head end router and described router, described router and the adjacent described router is less than 0.5 times the wireless communication distance that direct transfers.
The present invention can utilize less expense in the situation without global network, provide high-quality communication solution along the line by ad-hoc network and wireless router thereof.
The aspect that the present invention adds and advantage in the following description part provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or the additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from obviously and easily understanding becoming the description of embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the self-assembly network of the present invention as an example of power circuit example.
Fig. 2 shows the structure chart according to the wireless relay router of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows the structure chart with the wireless router of local data acquisition function according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 shows the structure chart according to the wireless terminal router of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 shows the structure chart according to the wireless head end router of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 shows the radio modem structure chart according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 shows the communication protocol layered protocol figure according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 shows according to the oriented antenna diagram of the parabola of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The below describes embodiments of the invention in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical or similar label represents identical or similar element or the element with identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings, only be used for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
On the whole, router comprises several types according to an embodiment of the invention, head end router, relay router, terminal router and bifurcated router.Generally, the structure of these routers comprises: wireless communication interface, other communication interface and microprocessor; Described wireless communication interface comprises: radio modem and antenna; Described radio modem one end connects the antenna other end and connects described microprocessor, and being used for the modulation and demodulation wireless signal is digital signal, and described antenna is oriented antenna, is used for along the line the reception or wireless signal emission; Described microprocessor be used for the operational communications agreement and carry out described wireless communication interface and other communication interface between exchanges data; Wherein, described router is arranged along existing circuit.
Described existing circuit comprises power circuit, rail track, highway alignment, subway line, river course circuit, border circuit.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, provide the wireless self-assembly network of a kind of power line communication along the line, comprised numerous wireless relay router ones in the self-assembly network
1, 1
2..., 1
nAnd two wireless head end router twos
1With 2
2, they are arranged along the line along power line: 2
1, 1
1, 1
2..., 1
n, 2
2(n=5 among the figure) is between head end router two and the router one, communicate through wireless connections between router one and the router one.
According to the first embodiment of the present invention, when only needing relay function, described router one is relay router, as shown in Figure 2, comprising: at least two wireless communication interface A
1And A
2, microprocessor (MPU) B; Described microprocessor B is used for the operational communications agreement and carries out described wireless communication interface A
1With A
2Between exchanges data.
Wherein, described wireless communication interface A, comprise radio modem A2 and antenna A1, described radio modem A2 one end connects antenna A1, the other end connects described microprocessor B, being used for the modulation and demodulation wireless signal is digital signal, described antenna A1 is oriented antenna, is used for along the line the reception or wireless signal emission.
Not only need relaying, when also needing to connect on the spot digital device, described relay router is router commonly used, as shown in Figure 3, described other communication interface also comprises local communication interface C, is used for connecting local digital equipment, for local digital equipment provides network insertion, data acquisition and control.
Router one (1 among Fig. 1
1, 1
2..., 1
n) be the router commonly used of Fig. 3 or the relay router of Fig. 2, depend on to have or not on the spot digital device.And for the router one among Fig. 1
3As the bifurcated router, be on the bifurcation, in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3, add the 3rd described wireless communication interface A
3, be used for communicating by letter with the wireless router on the Y-track.
As special case, when router was in line end, the router of Fig. 3 only need keep casually A of a channel radio
1, as shown in Figure 4, this router is as terminal router.
Be arranged on the head end that has circuit for the head end router two among Fig. 1, as shown in Figure 5, comprise: wireless communication interface A, outer net communication interface D and microprocessor B; Described outer net communication interface D is used for connecting other communication network; Described microprocessor B be used for operation wireless communication protocol and outer net communication protocol and carry out described wireless communication interface A and outer net communication interface D between exchanges data; With wireless router in the same manner, described wireless communication interface A comprises radio modem A2 and antenna A1, described radio modem A2 one end connects antenna A1, the other end connects described microprocessor B.
Described local communication interface comprises lan interfaces, RS485 interface, industrial WiFi interface.Lan interfaces can be used for connecting on the spot vision signal, or external communication network; The RS485 interface can be used for connecting on the spot watch-dog; Industry WiFi interface can be used for connecting near digital device.
The radio modem A2 of described all kinds of routers, divide two kinds in arrowband and broadband, Fig. 6 shows the broadband wireless modem structure, wireless signal by antenna reception passes through antennal interface A21 after band pass filter A22 filtering, through radio frequency/intermediate frequency converter A23 to intermediate frequency, pass through again the further filtering out of band signal of band pass filter A24, A25 converts digital signal to through A/D converter, be N railway digital signal through N railway digital band pass filter A26 and digital demodulator A27 again, selector A28 selects M railway digital signal to carry out assembly unit, obtain demodulating data, arrive MPU through interface circuit A29 output data; Signal to N railway digital band pass filter A26 output carries out noise monitoring A30, judges that by the program of MPU the noise on which road in the N road is low, forms altogether M road of available road table, selects the M road by available road table control selector A28 from the N road; MPU arrives multiplexer A31 with the data that send through interface circuit A29, A31 also is controlled by available road table, output M road modulation signal, process summer A32 is with M road modulation signal and close, convert analog signal to through D/A converter A33, convert radiofrequency signal to through intermediate frequency/radio frequency converter A34, after band pass filter A35 filtering, power amplifier A36, send to antenna through antennal interface A21.
Fig. 7 shows the layering embodiment of described wireless router communication protocol, and its local communication interface C is assumed to local network interface LAN.Communication protocol comprises radio link layer agreement W_L, Internetwork link layer protocol LAN_L, wireless self-networking network layer protocol W_N and Internet layer protocol IP, W_L of each radio modem A2 configuration, share a W_N, Radio Link layer protocol W_L is to lower link radio modem A2, to upper joint wireless self-networking networking layer protocol W_N, from A2
1The data that receive are through W_L
1To W_N, if data will arrive A2
1Then by W_N through W_L
2To A2
2If, data to arrive LAN then by W_N to IP, again through LAN_L to LAN; In like manner, other path.In W_N, comprise the MANET algorithm.
In other embodiment, described router can be arranged such as downline, identitypath, subway line, river course line and boundary line etc. along power line existing circuit in addition.The layout of router can be utilized existing position, for example on the electric pole of power line, the signal beacon in the signal lever of railway, river course is first-class, in order to described wireless router is installed, to utilize the height of these objects, both guarantee transmission of wireless signals, and can reduce project cost again.Ad-hoc network of the present invention like this comprises numerous wireless routers, they are arranged along the line: press head end router, router, router ..., router, terminal router, between head end router and the router, communicate through wireless connections between router and the router/terminal router.The head end router is used for communicating with other networks on the one hand, communicate on the one hand and between the router of ad-hoc network inside, other routers then communicate respectively with the router of existing circuit one end, the other end or Y-track respectively by one, two or three wireless communication interfaces.
For the described router of power line be arranged on along on the electric pole of power line, the head end router is installed on the roof of transformer station or on first electric pole of outlet, for the described router of railway line be installed on the signal lever, described head end router is placed on the roof at station.
In order to overcome the requirement that the existing wireless communications distance is too short, satisfy the wireless communication distance that direct transfers, require the wireless distance that direct transfers of described wireless router to reach 2km～40km when in existing circuit, arranging especially.Can strengthen in theory transmitted power, reduce carrier frequency, increase the send and receive gain of antenna and improve received signal to noise ratio, in the reality, transmitted power is subjected to the constraint that the electromagnetic compatibility restriction can not arbitrarily strengthen, carrier frequency is subjected to the radio management committee can not at will choose (can only select in free frequency range), and therefore needing increases the send and receive gain of antenna and improve received signal to noise ratio.
Antenna of the present invention preferably adopts oriented antenna, and oriented antenna so that transmit forwards along rectilinear direction, and transmission plane is that sphere, area are 2 π r behind the transmitting range r
2(1-cos (α)) compares with omnidirectional antenna, and gain improves Δ T
x=20.log (2/ (1-cos (α))).Particularly the oriented antenna of parabola is parabolical for oriented antenna, and α can be controlled in the several years, for example Δ T during α=3 °
x=63db; On the other hand, because poly-electromagnetic effect, cubical antenna can also improve receiving gain, compares with omnidirectional antenna and improves at least 30db.
The structure of cubical antenna as shown in Figure 8, A11 is for sending and receiving radio-frequency maser, A12 is parabolic, A11 is fixed on the focus of A12, oriented antenna parameter is preferably: focal length (focus is to paraboloidal distance) F=215mm, paraboloidal bore D=630mm, paraboloidal dark d=115mm satisfies F/D=0.34 ∈ (0.25～0.55) and F=D
2/ (16 * d) condition.Parabolic A12 small opening, mesh diameter 1～5mm, the carrier wavelength less than 1/10 (carrier frequency is less than satisfying in the 5.8G) is to reduce front face area, to reduce and bear wind-force.
In order to increase wireless communication distance, can also improve received signal to noise ratio.When bandwidth requirement was not high, described modulator-demodulator adopted spread spectrum methods; And for broadband connections, described modulator-demodulator proportion quadrature modulation demodulating ofdm technology, as shown in Figure 6, the frequency range W of frequency range is marked off numerous channel M, can automatically measure channel noise, for disturbing larger channel automatic rejection, remain N the little channel of noise and be used for simultaneously transmitting data, thereby, not only improved received signal to noise ratio, but also improved bandwidth.
After adopting parabolical oriented antenna and OFDM technology, described broadband wireless modulator-demodulator is surveyed the non-relay distance that direct transfers and is reached 40km, and bandwidth reaches 200M.
In whole ad-hoc network, described router is along existing line arrangement, its spacing preferably less than 0.5 times the wireless distance that direct transfers, not only can consist of cordless communication network along the line like this, also supports certain router failure to withdraw from rear automatic route and still keeps network unimpeded.
Described head end router process outer net communication interface D connection local area network (LAN) or optical transceiver process fiberoptic connection are to telecommunication network.
The local communication interface of described router can also be RS485 and industrial WiFi etc., connect easily and need the device of communicating by letter around automatic monitoring device and the router, for example, at electric power operation car, train communicator is installed, communication equipment can automatically be logined this cordless communication network, realize networking through described wireless self-assembly network along the line and telecommunication network on the car after vehicle mobile is in the scope of radio communication.
For requirement of real time, communication protocol of the present invention preferably adopts the real-time network communication protocol of patent " a kind of sending, receiving method of digital communication and equipment " (patent No. 200910161382).
In addition, described communication protocol is used the wireless self-networking agreement, and after certain router damaged, the router of one side can be directly by the wireless self-networking agreement and the router communication of opposite side, with router " jumping " mistake of damage; Certainly, after the router that damages was fixed, after powering on, the router of both sides can add the router of fixing again by the wireless self-networking agreement.
The present invention can utilize less expense in the situation without global network, provide high-quality communication solution along the line by ad-hoc network and wireless router thereof.
The above only is the preferred embodiments of the invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a wireless router that is used for communication along the line is characterized in that, comprising: wireless communication interface, other communication interface and microprocessor;
Described wireless communication interface comprises: radio modem and antenna; Described radio modem one end connects the antenna other end and connects described microprocessor, and being used for the modulation and demodulation wireless signal is digital signal; Described antenna is oriented antenna, is used for along the line the reception or wireless signal emission;
Described microprocessor be used for the operational communications agreement and carry out described wireless communication interface and other communication interface between exchanges data;
Wherein, described router is arranged along existing circuit.
2. wireless router according to claim 1 is characterized in that, other communication interface is another wireless communication interface, is used for communicating by letter with another wireless router;
Described router is arranged on the centre of existing circuit as relay router.
3. wireless router according to claim 1 is characterized in that, other communication interface is local communication interface, be used for connecting local digital equipment, and for local digital equipment provides network insertion, data acquisition and control;
Described router is arranged on the end of existing circuit as terminal router.
4. wireless router according to claim 2 is characterized in that, other communication interface also comprises local communication interface, be used for connecting local digital equipment, and for local digital equipment provides network insertion, data acquisition and control.
5. wireless router according to claim 2 is characterized in that, other communication interface also comprises the another one wireless communication interface, is used for communicating by letter with the wireless router on the Y-track;
Described router is arranged on the bifurcation of existing circuit as the bifurcated router.
6. wireless router according to claim 1 is characterized in that, other communication interface is an outer net communication interface, is used for connecting other communication networks;
Described router is arranged on the head end of existing circuit as the head end router.
7. described wireless router according to claim 1-6, the oriented antenna of each of described wireless router is aimed at respectively the oriented antenna of other wireless routers.
8. described wireless router according to claim 1-6, wherein said radio modem proportion quadrature modulation demodulation techniques are used for improving signal to noise ratio and communication bandwidth.
9. described wireless router according to claim 3-5, wherein said local communication interface comprises lan interfaces, RS485 interface, industrial WiFi interface.
10. described wireless router according to claim 1-8, wherein said existing circuit comprises power circuit, rail track, highway alignment, subway line, river course circuit, border circuit.
11. described wireless router according to claim 1-8, the wireless distance that direct transfers of described antenna are more than 2km, described router is installed on the electric pole of power line of existing circuit, on the signal lever of railway, on the signal beacon in river course.
12. the cordless communication network of a communication along the line comprises: a plurality of such as the described wireless router of claim 1-8, press head end router, router, router ... the mode of router, terminal router arranges along existing circuit.
13. cordless communication network according to claim 12, wherein, the communication protocol of described wireless router comprises the MANET algorithm, and the distance between described wireless head end router and described router, described router and the adjacent described router is less than 0.5 times the wireless communication distance that direct transfers.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105941356A CN103068072A (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Wireless router and ad hoc network for communication along line |
| PCT/CN2013/091008 WO2014101876A1 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | Wireless router and ad-hoc network for along-the-line communication |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105941356A CN103068072A (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Wireless router and ad hoc network for communication along line |
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| CN2012105941356A Pending CN103068072A (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Wireless router and ad hoc network for communication along line |
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| WO (1) | WO2014101876A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014101876A1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-03 | Hao Yushan | Wireless router and ad-hoc network for along-the-line communication |
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| US20040184466A1 (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2004-09-23 | Ju-Nan Chang | Mobile server for internetworking wpan, wlan, and wwan |
| CN201467472U (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-05-12 | 德赛电子(惠州)有限公司 | Mobile wireless router |
| CN101719781A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-06-02 | 胡建军 | Method for realizing wifi long distance transmission by catenulated connected network |
| CN201509323U (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2010-06-16 | 陈艳阳 | Wired wireless router |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102056348A (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2011-05-11 | 深圳市至高通信技术发展有限公司 | Multi-system 3G-WIFI wireless router and wireless communication system |
| CN103068072A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-24 | 保定市三川电气有限责任公司 | Wireless router and ad hoc network for communication along line |
-
2012
- 2012-12-31 CN CN2012105941356A patent/CN103068072A/en active Pending
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2013
- 2013-12-31 WO PCT/CN2013/091008 patent/WO2014101876A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040184466A1 (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2004-09-23 | Ju-Nan Chang | Mobile server for internetworking wpan, wlan, and wwan |
| CN201467472U (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-05-12 | 德赛电子(惠州)有限公司 | Mobile wireless router |
| CN201509323U (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2010-06-16 | 陈艳阳 | Wired wireless router |
| CN101719781A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-06-02 | 胡建军 | Method for realizing wifi long distance transmission by catenulated connected network |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014101876A1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-03 | Hao Yushan | Wireless router and ad-hoc network for along-the-line communication |
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| WO2014101876A1 (en) | 2014-07-03 |
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Application publication date: 20130424 |
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