CN103063964A - Device layout adjustment method based on ultrashort wave frequency range radiation exposure measurement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device layout adjustment method based on ultrashort wave frequency range radiation exposure measurement. According to the device layout adjustment method based on the ultrashort wave frequency range radiation exposure measurement, the problems that in the past, good track and monitoring of device radiation electromagnetic compatibility balanced states of a system ultrashort wave frequency range are difficult to achieve and improved potential of the system electromagnetic compatibility can not be judged are solved due to measurement of ultrashort wave frequency range radiation intensity of an airborne device in different areas of a helicopter cabin, military standard limiting value and calculation of complete machine ultrashort wave frequency range radiation electromagnetic compatibility balance degree of a helicopter system, wherein the calculation is achieved due to adoption of a weighting matrix policy. A radiation characteristic of a complete machine ultrashort wave frequency range of the helicopter system is considered, the complete machine ultrashort wave frequency range radiation electromagnetic compatibility balance states of the helicopter system are estimated, and pertinence and effectiveness of quantized estimation of ultrashort wave frequency range electromagnetic compatibility are improved.

Description

A method for equipment layout adjustment based on ultrashort-wave radiation exposure measurement

technical field

The invention relates to a device layout adjustment method based on ultra-ultra-short wave frequency band radiation exposure measurement, and belongs to the field of electromagnetic compatibility design.

Background technique

In electronic and electrical systems where multiple devices work together, the electromagnetic interference generated by a certain device will be coupled to another device through conduction emission and radiation emission, causing the performance of the other device to degrade or even fail to work normally. With the increasing precision of integrated circuits and the increasing complexity of system equipment, the system's requirements for electromagnetic compatibility have been widely concerned by people.

In the later stage of the design and manufacture of the helicopter system, various EMC standards tests will be carried out on the whole machine to show that the EMC performance of the whole machine is qualified when the airborne equipment is installed. At this time, many airborne equipment have been designed and finalized. It is very difficult and costly to rectify the electromagnetic compatibility problems that have arisen. However, from the helicopter program stage to the engineering development stage, effective and real-time control methods for the radiation electromagnetic compatibility of airborne equipment are limited, and there is no clear and quantified radiation electromagnetic compatibility balance standard, which makes it difficult to achieve the monitoring purpose in the electromagnetic compatibility process control .

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to realize the quantitative evaluation of the electromagnetic compatibility balance state of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of the whole helicopter system, and proposes a quantitative evaluation method for the electromagnetic compatibility balance state of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of the whole helicopter based on the ultrashort wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation exposure measurement.

According to the overall technical requirements for electromagnetic compatibility determined at the initial stage of model development, the electromagnetic compatibility requirements of the whole machine usually include: 1. The airborne equipment and subsystems that constitute the whole machine must be compatible with each other, that is, self-compatibility; 2. The system itself meets the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility. Requirements for environmental adaptability; 3. Restrictions on the radiation emission of the entire system. These three parts constitute the electromagnetic compatibility of the whole machine.

Electromagnetic Compatibility Balance: When the system satisfies the above three conditions at the same time, the system is in the state of electromagnetic compatibility balance. Any airborne electronic equipment must be in a state of electromagnetic compatibility balance. Different models have different electromagnetic compatibility balance states according to their overall technical requirements.

The present invention proposes an index based on the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation matrix of the whole machine, which is used to evaluate the quality of the balance state of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation electromagnetic compatibility of the helicopter system, which is recorded as the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation electromagnetic compatibility balance of the helicopter system Degree: b, relying on the pre-measurement of the ultrashort-wave frequency band radiation intensity of airborne equipment in different areas of the helicopter cabin, combined with military standard limits, and using the weighted matrix strategy to complete the calculation of the EMC balance of the ultra-short-wave frequency band radiation of the helicopter system, to solve In the past, it was difficult to track and monitor the balance state of the electromagnetic compatibility of the ultra-short wave frequency band of the whole machine, and it was impossible to judge the improvement potential of the electromagnetic compatibility of the system. Considering the radiation characteristics of the ultrashort wave frequency band of the whole helicopter system, the EMC balance state of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of the whole helicopter system is evaluated, which improves the pertinence and effectiveness of the quantitative evaluation of electromagnetic compatibility in the ultrashort wave frequency band.

A quantitative evaluation method for the electromagnetic compatibility balance state of the whole machine ultrashort wave band radiation based on the ultrashort wave band electromagnetic radiation exposure measurement, including the following steps:

Step 1: Divide the operating area for helicopter personnel;

The second step: measure the radiation intensity of the helicopter airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave frequency band in different regions, and obtain the radiation matrix of the airborne equipment ultrashort wave frequency band;

Step 3: Obtain the exposure limit value of the ultrashort-wave frequency band personnel operating area of m airborne equipment, and obtain the ultra-short-wave frequency band personnel exposure limit matrix;

Step 4: Obtain the electromagnetic compatibility margin matrix of ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of airborne equipment;

Step 5: Obtain the radiation weight of each airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band, and obtain the radiation weight matrix of the airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band;

Step 6: Obtain the electromagnetic compatibility balance degree of the whole helicopter system in the ultrashort wave frequency band;

Step 7: Adjust the airborne equipment and optimize the system radiation EMC balance according to the EMC balance of the whole helicopter system in the ultrashort wave band obtained in Step 6;

Based on the different contribution of airborne equipment to the radiation of the fuselage, the invention investigates the EMC balance of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of the whole helicopter system, and completes the adjustment of the airborne equipment. Its advantages are:

(1) Realized the quantification of the radiation electromagnetic compatibility balance state from the helicopter development plan stage to the engineering development stage;

(2) It provides an evaluation method for the real-time monitoring of the balance state of the radiation electromagnetic compatibility of the system;

(3) Solved the problem that in the past it was difficult to track and monitor the equipment radiation electromagnetic compatibility balance state in the ultrashort wave frequency band of the system, and it was impossible to judge the improvement potential of the system electromagnetic compatibility;

(4) Provide technical support for the adjustment and optimization of airborne equipment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the quantitative evaluation method for the electromagnetic compatibility balance state of the whole machine ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of the helicopter system;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the functional composition of the test platform used in the present invention.

In the picture:

1-computer, 2-measurement receiver, 3-attenuator, 4-biconical antenna.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The present invention is a quantitative evaluation method suitable for the balance state of the electromagnetic compatibility of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of the whole helicopter system under the known ultrashort wave frequency band airborne equipment radiation intensity, as shown in Figure 1, the electromagnetic compatibility carried out according to the method Equilibrium assessment has the following steps:

Step 1: Divide the operating area for helicopter personnel;

According to the physical structure of the helicopter and the activity area of the operators during the flight and ground maintenance of the helicopter, the military standard GJB5313-2004 "Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure Limits and Measurement Methods" is used to divide the helicopter fuselage and nearby areas to obtain the helicopter personnel's operating area. And name them respectively: area 1, area 2, area 3, ..., area n, where n represents the number of divided areas, and n≥3. The division of the area can be considered comprehensively according to the operational requirements of the helicopter itself and in combination with the performance characteristics. At least the area near the fuselage of the cockpit area, the passenger compartment area and the high-power antenna should be included in the n areas. For an airborne antenna equal to 50W, if the airborne antenna is installed on the fuselage, it will cause radiation impact on the area near the installation location, so the area near the fuselage of the high-power antenna should be considered when dividing the area.

The second step: measure the radiation intensity of the helicopter airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave frequency band in different regions, and obtain the radiation matrix of the airborne equipment ultrashort wave frequency band;

As shown in Figure 2, the measurement platform includes a computer 1, a measurement receiver 2, an attenuator 3, and a biconical antenna 4; the computer 1, measurement receiver 2, attenuator 3, and biconical antenna 4 are connected by wires in turn.

Described measurement receiver 2 is the ESIB-40 model that German Rohde and Schwarz R&S company produces;

The attenuator 3 is a DTS300300W model produced by Shanghai Huaxiang Computer Communication Engineering Co., Ltd.;

Described biconical antenna 4 is the HK116 model that Germany Rohde & Schwarz R&S company produces;

The biconical antenna 4 is placed in the area to be measured. When the helicopter airborne equipment is working, the biconical antenna 4 receives the ultrashort wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation of the airborne equipment to obtain the ultrashort wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation transmission signal, and the attenuator 3 pairs the ultrashort wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation. The radiation emission signal is attenuated, the computer 1 controls the measuring receiver 2 to collect the attenuated ultrashort wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation emission signal, and obtains the ultrashort wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation intensity of the airborne equipment in this area, and records the ultrashort wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation intensity through the computer 1 .

The specific steps are:

Step 201: Use the measurement platform to measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the airborne equipment in the ultra-short wave band in each area, assuming that the helicopter system has m airborne equipment in total, specifically:

Combined with the division of the helicopter personnel activity area obtained in the first step, according to the measurement system platform shown in Figure 2, the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation emission measurement is carried out for m airborne equipment, and the collected ultrashort wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation intensity is recorded as Tre.

Use the measurement platform to measure in area 1, turn on the first airborne equipment, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the first airborne equipment in the ultra-short wave frequency band, and record it as Tre _{1, 1} , turn off the first airborne equipment, and turn on For the second airborne device, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the second airborne device in the ultra-short wave band, denoted as Tre _{1, 2} , turn off the second airborne device, ..., similarly, turn on the mth airborne device , measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the m-th airborne device in the ultrashort-wave frequency band, denoted as Tre _1,m , turn off the m-th airborne device. Complete the measurement of the electromagnetic radiation intensity of airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band in area 1.

Use the measurement platform to measure in area 2, turn on the first airborne equipment, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the first airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave frequency band, denoted as Tre _{2, 1} , turn off the first airborne equipment, and turn on For the second airborne device, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the second airborne device in the ultra-short wave band, denoted as Tre _{2, 2} , turn off the second airborne device, ..., similarly, turn on the mth airborne device , measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the m-th airborne device in the ultrashort-wave frequency band, denoted as Tre _2,m , turn off the m-th airborne device. Complete the measurement of the electromagnetic radiation intensity of airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band in area 2.

 …

Similarly, use the measurement platform to measure in area n, turn on the first airborne equipment, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the first airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band, denoted as Tre _{n, 1} , turn off the first airborne equipment equipment, turn on the second airborne equipment, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the second airborne equipment in the ultra-short wave band, denoted as Tre _{n, 2} , turn off the second airborne equipment, ..., similarly, open the mth For airborne equipment, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the mth airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band, denoted as Tre _n,m , and turn off the mth airborne equipment. Complete the measurement of the electromagnetic radiation intensity of airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band in area n.

Step 202: According to the measurement result obtained in step 201, establish the airborne equipment ultrashort wave band radiation matrix T:

Step 3: Obtain the exposure limit value of the ultrashort-wave frequency band personnel operating area of m airborne equipment, and obtain the ultra-short-wave frequency band personnel exposure limit matrix;

According to the provisions of GJB 5313-2004 "Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure Limits and Measurement Methods" on the electromagnetic radiation exposure limits of personnel operating areas, the exposure limits of personnel operating areas in the ultrashort wave frequency band of m airborne equipment are obtained. The electromagnetic radiation in the ultrashort wave frequency band includes two types of radiation: continuous wave and pulse wave. In GJB 5313-2004, the method for determining the exposure limits of continuous wave and pulse wave in the ultrashort wave frequency band in the operation area is as follows:

(1) The exposure limit for continuous exposure to continuous waves in the ultrashort wave frequency band in the operating area is: 15V/m;

(2) The exposure limit for continuous wave intermittent exposure in the ultrashort wave frequency band in the operating area is: 61.4V/m;

(3) The exposure limit for continuous exposure to ultrashort wave frequency pulse waves in the operating area is: 10.6V/m;

(4) The exposure limit for intermittent exposure to ultrashort wave frequency band pulse waves in the operating area is 43.4V/m.

According to the type of electromagnetic radiation of the airborne equipment, using the above method of determining the exposure limit, the exposure limit of the ultrashort wave frequency band personnel operation area of m airborne equipment is obtained as:

The ultrashort wave frequency band personnel operation area exposure limit value of the first airborne equipment is denoted as Expl ₁ ;

The second airborne device's ultrashort wave frequency band personnel operation area exposure limit is denoted as Expl ₂ ;

 …

The exposure limit of the mth airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave frequency band personnel operation area is denoted as Expl _m .

In order to correspond to the ultrashort-wave frequency band radiation matrix of the airborne equipment obtained in step 202, combined with the helicopter personnel operation area division obtained in the first step, the ultra-short-wave frequency band personnel exposure limit matrix E is established:

Step 4: Obtain the electromagnetic compatibility margin matrix of ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of airborne equipment;

Step 401: The airborne equipment ultrashort wave band radiation matrix T obtained in step 202 and the ultrashort wave band personnel exposure limit matrix E obtained in the third step are both n×m order matrices, and matrix subtraction S=E-T is performed to obtain:

δ _i,j =Expl _j -Tre _i,j

Among them, i represents the row of the matrix, j represents the column of the matrix, and δ _{i, j} are the corresponding elements in the matrix S:

Step 402: Perform normalization processing on each element in the matrix S:

${{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&delta;</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&prime;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&delta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Expl</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}}$

Among them, δ′ _i,j represent the normalized value of δ _i,j, and Expl _j represents the value of any element in the jth column in the matrix E, and the airborne equipment ultrashort wave band radiation electromagnetic compatibility margin matrix S' :

If there are negative value elements in the ultrashort-wave radiation electromagnetic compatibility margin matrix S' of airborne equipment, according to the barrel principle, all positive value elements are set to 0, and only negative value elements are reserved in the matrix S'.

In the present invention, the element δ' _{i, j} in the electromagnetic compatibility margin matrix S' of ultrashort-wave radiation radiation of airborne equipment is used to measure the radiation margin of different airborne equipment radiations to different operating areas of the helicopter.

Step 5: Obtain the radiation weight of each airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band, and obtain the radiation weight matrix of the airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band;

Step 501: According to the principle of classification of key categories of sub-systems and equipment in GJB72A-2002 "Electromagnetic Interference and Electromagnetic Compatibility Terminology", obtain m airborne equipment electromagnetic compatibility classification indicators EML={eml ₁ ,eml ₂ ,...,eml _m }, specifically:

According to Section 2.1.56 of GJB72A-2002 "Electromagnetic Interference and Electromagnetic Compatibility Terminology", the principle of classification of key categories of subsystems and equipment: all subsystems and equipment installed in the system or related to the system should be classified as EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) One of the key classes. These divisions are based on the potential impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI), failure rates, or degradation procedures for assigned tasks. Can be divided into the following three types:

(1) Type I EMC issues that could result in reduced lifetime, vehicle damage, mission disruption, costly launch delays, or unacceptable system efficiency degradation;

(2) Electromagnetic compatibility problems such as category II may lead to failure of the vehicle, decrease in system efficiency, and cause the mission to fail;

(3) Electromagnetic compatibility issues such as category III may cause noise, slight discomfort or performance degradation, but will not reduce the expected effectiveness of the system.

In the present invention, in order to perform digital calculation, the AHP strategy is adopted to obtain the electromagnetic compatibility classification index of airborne equipment satisfying Class I as AA; the electromagnetic compatibility classification index of airborne equipment satisfying Class II is obtained as AB; The electromagnetic compatibility classification index of airborne equipment of the class is AC, then the electromagnetic compatibility classification index of m airborne equipment is ${\mathrm{eml}}_{\mathrm{the\; s}}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{AAA}\\ \mathrm{AB}\\ \mathrm{AC}\end{array}\right.,$ And AA>AB>AC, 1≤s≤m.

In the present invention, the electromagnetic compatibility classification index EML is used to illustrate the influence of different airborne equipment on the electromagnetic compatibility of the system.

Step 502: Acquiring the electromagnetic compatibility classification weight;

Perform data processing on m airborne equipment electromagnetic compatibility classification indexes EML={eml ₁ ,eml ₂ ,…,eml _m }, and obtain airborne equipment electromagnetic compatibility classification weights EM={em ₁ ,em ₂ ,…,em _m } ;

in: ${\mathrm{em}}_r=\frac{{\mathrm{eml}}_r}{\underset{q=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{eml}}_q}\&times;100\%,$ 1≤r≤m, 1≤q≤m;

em ₁ represents the weight of the electromagnetic compatibility classification index eml ₁ of the first airborne equipment;

em ₂ represents the weight of the electromagnetic compatibility classification index eml ₂ of the second airborne equipment;

 …

em _m represents the weight of the electromagnetic compatibility classification index eml _m of the m-th airborne equipment;

In the present invention, the electromagnetic compatibility classification weight EM of airborne equipment is used to measure the degree of influence of electromagnetic compatibility hazards of different airborne equipment on the radiation exposure value of personnel's work area.

Step 503: Obtain the classification weight of the personnel operation area;

List the classification index HAL={1,1,...,1} of n personnel operation areas.

Use the idea of normalization to process the data of the classification index HAL={1,1,...,1} of n personnel operation areas, and obtain the classification weight of the personnel operation area $\mathrm{HA}={\{\frac{1}{\mathrm{no}},\frac{1}{\mathrm{no}},...,\frac{1}{\mathrm{no}}\}}^T.$

进行处理，获得机载设备超短波频段辐射权值矩阵W，其中，w_i，j为矩阵W中对应的元素：Step 504: Using the weighting relationship W=HA×EM, classify the airborne equipment electromagnetic compatibility classification weight EM={em ₁ , em ₂ ,...,em _m } obtained in step 502 and the personnel operating area obtained in step 503 Weights

Perform processing to obtain the radiation weight matrix W of the ultrashort wave frequency band of the airborne equipment, where w _{i, j} are the corresponding elements in the matrix W:

In the present invention, the elements in the radiation weight matrix W of the ultrashort wave frequency band of the airborne equipment are used to measure the radiation influence degree of different airborne equipment radiation on different operation areas of the helicopter.

Step 6: Obtain the electromagnetic compatibility balance degree of the whole helicopter system in the ultrashort wave frequency band;

对第四步中得到的超短波频段辐射电磁兼容性裕值矩阵S'和第五步中得到的机载设备超短波频段辐射权值矩阵W中的元素进行数据处理，得到直升机系统整机超短波频段辐射电磁兼容平衡度b。Using the weighted sum strategy of corresponding items

Perform data processing on the elements in the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation electromagnetic compatibility margin matrix S' obtained in the fourth step and the airborne equipment ultrashort wave band radiation weight matrix W obtained in the fifth step, and obtain the ultrashort wave band radiation of the whole helicopter system EMC balance b.

Step 7: Adjust the airborne equipment and optimize the system radiation EMC balance according to the EMC balance of the whole helicopter system in the ultrashort wave band obtained in Step 6;

In the present invention, the EMC balance degree b of the ultrashort-wave frequency band radiation of the whole helicopter system is used to measure the quality of the EMC balance state of the ultra-short-wave frequency band radiation of the helicopter system. The greater the radiation EMC balance degree b (b≤1), the lower the harm of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of the whole machine to personnel; on the contrary, the smaller the EMC balance degree b of the whole machine ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of the helicopter system, it means that the whole machine ultrashort wave frequency band radiation is less harmful. The frequency band radiation is more harmful to personnel.

If b≥0, it means that the balance state of electromagnetic compatibility of the ultra-short wave frequency band radiation of the helicopter system meets the requirements of the national military standard, and will not affect the radiation safety of personnel in the working area;

If b<0, it means that the balance state of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation electromagnetic compatibility of the helicopter system does not meet the requirements of the national military standard, which will affect the radiation safety of personnel in the operating area. At this time, according to the airborne equipment ultrashort wave band radiation electromagnetic compatibility The position and size of the negative value elements in the margin matrix S', carry out electromagnetic compatibility rectification on the helicopter onboard equipment, and repeat the second to sixth steps for the rectified helicopter system until the whole helicopter system radiates electromagnetic waves in the ultrashort wave frequency band Compatible balance degree b≥0, that is, the balance state of the electromagnetic compatibility of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of the whole helicopter system meets the requirements of the national military standard.

Example

It is assumed that the five airborne equipment will affect the radiation safety of personnel in the helicopter working area, and the radiation intensity values of the five airborne equipment in the cockpit, the passenger compartment, and the three personnel operating areas below the tail boom are obtained by using test methods. The results are shown in the following table Shown:

Table 1 Ultrashort wave band radiation intensity test results

According to the working characteristics, radiation mode and other factors of the five airborne equipment, the corresponding calculation formula is used to calculate the exposure limit value of the ultrashort wave frequency band personnel operation area of each airborne equipment, and the results are shown in the following table:

Table 2 Ultrashort wave band radiation intensity limits

Obtain the airborne equipment ultrashort wave band radiation matrix T:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 12.28</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8.92</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 17.73</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2.65</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 21.85</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 7.41</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 14.45</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 56.72</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8.01</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 33.13</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2.79</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4.66</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 32.86</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9.71</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 40.25</span>}\end{array}\right]$

And the human exposure limit matrix E of airborne equipment ultrashort wave frequency band:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 15</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 15</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 61.4</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10.6</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 43.41</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 15</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 15</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 61.4</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10.6</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 43.41</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 15</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 15</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 61.4</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10.6</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 43.41</span>}\end{array}\right]$

Using the difference strategy S=E-T to solve the matrix S and normalize the elements in the matrix S, the airborne equipment ultrashort wave band radiation electromagnetic compatibility margin matrix S' is obtained:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; S</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2.72</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6.08</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 43.67</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 7.95</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 21.56</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 7.59</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.55</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4.68</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2.59</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10.28</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 12.21</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10.34</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 28.54</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.89</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3.16</span>}\end{array}\right]$

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; S</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&prime;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.181</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.405</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.711</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.75</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.497</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.506</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.037</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.076</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.244</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.237</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.814</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.689</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.465</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.084</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.073</span>}\end{array}\right]$

According to GJB72A-2002 "Electromagnetic Interference and Electromagnetic Compatibility Terminology", the principle of classification of key categories of sub-systems and equipment, combined with the classification weights of personnel operating areas, and using the AHP strategy, calculate and obtain the airborne equipment ultrashort wave frequency band radiation weight matrix W:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; HA</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}\end{array}\right\}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}$

EM={0.15,0.4,0.1,0.15,0.2}

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.05</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.133</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.033</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.05</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.067</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.05</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.133</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.033</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.05</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.067</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.05</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.133</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.033</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.05</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.067</span>}\end{array}\right]$

进行计算，即得到该直升机系统整机超短波频段辐射电磁兼容平衡度b＝0.375。Calculation formula of electromagnetic compatibility balance degree b combined with ultrashort wave frequency band radiation

Calculations are performed to obtain the EMC balance degree b=0.375 of the ultrashort wave band radiation electromagnetic compatibility of the whole helicopter system.

The calculation result of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation electromagnetic compatibility balance b shows that b>0, indicating that the helicopter system's ultrashort wave band radiation electromagnetic compatibility balance state meets the requirements of the national military standard and will not affect the safety of personnel in the operating area.

Claims (2)

1. A device layout adjustment method based on ultrashort wave frequency band radiation exposure measurement, the targeted ultrashort wave frequency band refers to 30MHz～300MHz, and the method includes the following steps: Step 1: Divide the operating area for helicopter personnel; According to the physical structure of the helicopter and the activity area of the operators during the flight and ground maintenance of the helicopter, the military standard GJB5313-2004 "Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure Limits and Measurement Methods" is used to divide the helicopter fuselage and nearby areas to obtain the helicopter personnel's operating area. And name them respectively: area 1, area 2, area 3, ..., area n, n indicates the number of divided areas, n≥3; n areas should at least include the cockpit area, passenger compartment area and high-power antenna the area around the fuselage; The second step: measure the radiation intensity of the helicopter airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave frequency band in different regions, and obtain the radiation matrix of the airborne equipment ultrashort wave frequency band; The measurement platform includes a computer, a measurement receiver, an attenuator and a biconical antenna; the computer, a measurement receiver, an attenuator and a biconical antenna are connected by wires in turn; The biconical antenna is placed in the area to be tested. When the helicopter airborne equipment is working, the biconical antenna receives the electromagnetic radiation in the ultrashort wave frequency band of the airborne equipment, and obtains the electromagnetic radiation transmission signal in the ultrashort wave frequency band. The attenuator transmits the electromagnetic radiation signal in the ultrashort wave frequency band. Carry out attenuation, the computer controls the measuring receiver to collect the attenuated ultrashort wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation emission signal, obtains the ultrashort wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation intensity of the airborne equipment in this area, and records the ultrashort wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation intensity through the computer; The specific steps are: Step 201: Use the measurement platform to measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the airborne equipment in the ultra-short wave band in each area, assuming that the helicopter system has m airborne equipment in total, specifically: Use the measurement platform to measure in area 1, turn on the first airborne equipment, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the first airborne equipment in the ultra-short wave frequency band, and record it as Tre _{1, 1} , turn off the first airborne equipment, and turn on For the second airborne device, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the second airborne device in the ultra-short wave band, denoted as Tre _{1, 2} , turn off the second airborne device, ..., similarly, turn on the mth airborne device , measure and obtain the ultrashort-wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation intensity of the m-th airborne equipment, denoted as Tre _{1, m} , close the m-th airborne equipment; complete the measurement of the ultra-short-wave frequency band electromagnetic radiation intensity of the airborne equipment in area 1; Use the measurement platform to measure in area 2, turn on the first airborne equipment, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the first airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave frequency band, denoted as Tre _2,1 , turn off the first airborne equipment, and turn on For the second airborne device, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the second airborne device in the ultra-short wave band, denoted as Tre _2,2 , turn off the second airborne device, ..., similarly, turn on the mth airborne device , measure and obtain the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the m-th airborne equipment in the ultrashort-wave frequency band, denoted as Tre _2,m , turn off the m-th airborne equipment; complete the measurement of the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the ultra-short-wave frequency band of the airborne equipment in area 2;  … Similarly, use the measurement platform to measure in area n, turn on the first airborne equipment, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the first airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band, denoted as Tre _{n, 1} , turn off the first airborne equipment equipment, turn on the second airborne equipment, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the second airborne equipment in the ultra-short wave band, denoted as Tre _{n, 2} , turn off the second airborne equipment, ..., similarly, open the mth Airborne equipment, measure the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the mth airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave frequency band, denoted as Tre _n,m , turn off the mth airborne equipment; complete the measurement of the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave frequency band of area n; Step 202: According to the measurement result obtained in step 201, establish the airborne equipment ultrashort wave band radiation matrix T:

Step 3: Obtain the exposure limit value of the ultrashort-wave frequency band personnel operating area of m airborne equipment, and obtain the ultra-short-wave frequency band personnel exposure limit matrix; Electromagnetic radiation in the ultrashort wave frequency band includes two types of radiation: continuous wave and pulse wave. Determine the ultrashort wave frequency band type of m airborne equipment, and obtain the exposure limit value of the ultrashort wave frequency band of the airborne equipment. The methods for determining exposure limits for continuous wave and pulse wave are as follows: (1) The exposure limit for continuous exposure to continuous waves in the ultrashort wave frequency band in the operating area is: 15V/m; (2) The exposure limit for continuous wave intermittent exposure in the ultrashort wave frequency band in the operating area is: 61.4V/m; (3) The exposure limit for continuous exposure to ultrashort wave frequency pulse waves in the operating area is: 10.6V/m; (4) The exposure limit for intermittent exposure to ultrashort wave frequency band pulse waves in the operating area is: 43.4V/m; The exposure limit of the ultrashort wave frequency band personnel operating area of m airborne equipment is obtained as: The ultrashort wave frequency band personnel operation area exposure limit value of the first airborne equipment is denoted as Expl ₁ ; The second airborne device's ultrashort wave frequency band personnel operation area exposure limit is denoted as Expl ₂ ;  … The exposure limit value of the ultrashort wave frequency band personnel operation area of the mth airborne equipment is denoted as Expl _m ; Establish the human exposure limit matrix E in the ultrashort wave frequency band:

Step 4: Obtain the electromagnetic compatibility margin matrix of ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of airborne equipment; Step 401: The airborne equipment ultrashort wave band radiation matrix T obtained in step 202 and the ultrashort wave band personnel exposure limit matrix E obtained in the third step are both n×m order matrices, and matrix subtraction S=E-T is performed to obtain: δ _i,j =Expl _j -Tre _i,j Among them, i represents the row of the matrix, j represents the column of the matrix, and δ _{i, j} are the corresponding elements in the matrix S:

Step 402: Perform normalization processing on each element in the matrix S: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&delta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&prime;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&delta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Expl</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}}$ Among them, δ′ _{i, j} represent the value after normalization of δ _{i, j,} and Expl _j represents the value of any element in the jth column in the matrix E, and the airborne equipment ultrashort wave band radiation electromagnetic compatibility margin matrix S' :

If there are negative value elements in the ultrashort wave band radiation electromagnetic compatibility margin matrix S' of the airborne equipment, according to the barrel principle, the values of all positive value elements are set to 0, and only negative value elements are reserved in the matrix S'; Step 5: Obtain the radiation weight of each airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band, and obtain the radiation weight matrix of the airborne equipment in the ultrashort wave band; Step 501: According to the principle of classification of key categories of sub-systems and equipment in GJB72A-2002 "Electromagnetic Interference and Electromagnetic Compatibility Terminology", obtain m airborne equipment electromagnetic compatibility classification indicators EML={eml ₁ ,eml ₂ ,...,eml _m }, specifically: According to GJB72A-2002 "Electromagnetic Interference and Electromagnetic Compatibility Terminology", the key categories of subsystems and equipment are divided into the following three categories: (1) Type I EMC issues that could result in reduced lifetime, vehicle damage, mission disruption, costly launch delays, or unacceptable system efficiency degradation; (2) Electromagnetic compatibility problems such as category II may lead to failure of the vehicle, decrease in system efficiency, and cause the mission to fail; (3) Electromagnetic compatibility problems such as category III may cause noise, slight discomfort or performance degradation, but will not reduce the expected effectiveness of the system; Using the analytic hierarchy process strategy, the EMC classification index of the airborne equipment that meets Class I is obtained as AA; the EMC classification index of airborne equipment that meets Class II is obtained as AB; the EMC classification index of airborne equipment that meets Class III is obtained The index is AC, then the electromagnetic compatibility classification index of m airborne equipment is ${\mathrm{eml}}_{\mathrm{the\; s}}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{AAA}\\ \mathrm{AB}\\ \mathrm{AC}\end{array}\right.,$ And AA>AB>AC, 1≤s≤m; Step 502: Acquiring the electromagnetic compatibility classification weight; Perform data processing on m airborne equipment electromagnetic compatibility classification indicators EML, ={eml ₁ ,eml ₂ ,...,eml _m }, and obtain airborne equipment electromagnetic compatibility classification weight EM={em ₁ ,em ₂ ,...,em _m }; in: ${\mathrm{em}}_r=\frac{{\mathrm{eml}}_r}{\underset{q=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{eml}}_q}\&times;100\%,$ 1≤r≤m, 1≤q≤m; em ₁ represents the weight of the electromagnetic compatibility classification index eml ₁ of the first airborne equipment; em ₂ represents the weight of the electromagnetic compatibility classification index eml ₂ of the second airborne equipment;  … em _m represents the weight of the electromagnetic compatibility classification index eml _m of the m-th airborne equipment; Step 503: Obtain the classification weight of the personnel operation area; The classification index HAL={1,1,...,1} of n personnel operation areas, and the classification weight of the personnel operation area is obtained $\mathrm{HA}={\{\frac{1}{\mathrm{no}},\frac{1}{\mathrm{no}},...,\frac{1}{\mathrm{no}}\}}^T;$ Step 504: Using the weighting relationship W=HA×EM, classify the airborne equipment electromagnetic compatibility classification weight EM={em ₁ , em ₂ ,...,em _m } obtained in step 502 and the personnel operating area obtained in step 503 Weights Perform processing to obtain the radiation weight matrix W of the ultrashort wave frequency band of the airborne equipment, where w _{i, j} are the corresponding elements in the matrix W:

Step 6: Obtain the electromagnetic compatibility balance degree of the whole helicopter system in the ultrashort wave frequency band; Using the weighted sum strategy of corresponding items

Perform data processing on the elements in the ultrashort-wave radiation electromagnetic compatibility margin matrix S' obtained in the fourth step and the airborne equipment ultra-short-wave radiation weight matrix W obtained in the fifth step, and obtain the ultra-short-wave radiation of the whole helicopter system EMC balance degree b; Step 7: Adjust the airborne equipment and optimize the system radiation EMC balance according to the EMC balance of the ultrashort wave frequency band of the whole helicopter system obtained in Step 6; If b≥0, it means that the electromagnetic compatibility of the ultra-short wave frequency band radiation of the whole helicopter system meets the requirements of the national military standard, and will not affect the radiation safety of personnel in the working area; If b<0, it means that the balance degree of electromagnetic compatibility of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of the helicopter system does not meet the requirements of the national military standard, which will affect the radiation safety of personnel in the operating area. The position and size of the negative value elements in the margin matrix S', carry out electromagnetic compatibility rectification on the helicopter onboard equipment, and repeat the second to sixth steps for the rectified helicopter system until the whole helicopter system radiates electromagnetic waves in the ultrashort wave frequency band Compatible balance degree b≥0, that is, the balance degree of the electromagnetic compatibility of the ultrashort wave frequency band radiation of the whole helicopter system meets the requirements of the national military standard. 2. A method for adjusting equipment layout based on ultra-short wave band radiation exposure measurement according to claim 1, wherein the high-power antenna is an airborne antenna greater than or equal to 50W.

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