CN103061360B - Stress application system for large-tonnage static load tests - Google Patents
Stress application system for large-tonnage static load tests Download PDFInfo
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- CN103061360B CN103061360B CN201210512437.4A CN201210512437A CN103061360B CN 103061360 B CN103061360 B CN 103061360B CN 201210512437 A CN201210512437 A CN 201210512437A CN 103061360 B CN103061360 B CN 103061360B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000452 mid-foot Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a stress application system for large-tonnage static load tests. The stress application system comprises a box girder and counterweight boxes and is characterized in that a reinforcing plate is fixed on the middle portion of a lower platform of the box girder. Preferentially, transverse stiffening ribs at intervals of D and vertical to the length extending direction of the box girder are further arranged in the box girder. A stiffening rib reinforcing area is arranged on the inside on the middle portion of the box girder, the installation density of the transverse stiffening ribs in the stiffening rib reinforcing area is larger than that in other areas in the box girder, and the length of the stiffening rib reinforcing area is larger than the length of the reinforcing plate. By means of the stress application system for large-tonnage static load tests, the reinforcing plate is added on the support face between the box girder and a jack, the maximum durable normal stress in the middle of the box girder is increased, the stress application system is rapid and efficient, and the counter-force can reach 6000kN and 12000kN. The transverse stiffening ribs are added in the box girder, so that the capacity to resist the pressure stress in the middle and the shearing strengths at two ends is enhanced, and the loading capacity of the counterweight box is enhanced due to the improvement of the counterweight box, and the counterweight box is convenient to hoist.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building engineering field, relate to a kind of large-tonnage static test afterburner system.
Background technology
At present, in various static test, counter force system mainly contains following several form: anchor pile beam counterforce device, and artificial sand pocket heap galassing platform counterforce device, Combined balance weight case heap weighs and combined-type box ellbeam platform counterforce device.
1, preloading reaction beam apparatus system
As shown in Figure 4, this counterforce device system is primarily of heap loads peace platform composition, its design feature and action principle as follows: preloading reaction beam device uses section steel beam 2 to arrange a bearing platform exactly on test pile 6 pile crown centered by pile crown, upper heap weight, rely on the lifting jack 5 be placed on pile crown by platform progressively jack-up, thus power is applied on pile crown.The girder of counterforce device can select shaped steel, also can with the cased beam processed voluntarily, and planform shape can be set to square or rectangle as required, and the weight of preloading can be selected sand pocket, concrete precast block, steel ingot, fetch earth pack even on the spot.Its scheme of installation as shown in figure.
The advantage of this kind of device is can to the random sampling of test pile static test; When shortcoming is large-tonnage test, if be packed in bag sandstone or Site Soil etc. are as heap weight, because upper load is comparatively large, cause the preloading time longer, easily convex the collapsing of drum causes potential safety hazard, and in addition, artificial sand loading bag heap heavy work intensity is large, and heap carrying capacity is little.If with concrete precast block or steel ingot as heap loads, heap carrying capacity is large, and so just greatly reduce the set-up time, but freight volume is large, trucking costs is high, experimentation cost is increased.
2, anchor pile beam counterforce device system
As shown in Figure 5, this counterforce device system is made up of anchoring pile 13 and crossbeam 12, its design feature and action principle as follows: anchoring pile reaction beam device is exactly several anchoring pile dowels 14 of test pile 6 surrounding symmetry and crossbeam are coupled together, lifting jack 5 on dependence pile crown, by crossbeam jack-up, provides counter-force by the anchoring pile be connected.There is provided the quantity of size by anchoring pile of counter-force, the intensity of crossbeam determines with the withdrawal resistance of the anchoring pile be connected.Its scheme of installation as shown in Figure 2.
Its advantage is that counter force system counter-force is larger; When shortcoming is the installation of this device, load centering is wayward, and the incipient stage of test easily produces overshoot; When using engineering pile to make anchoring pile, certain impact can be produced on the bearing capacity of engineering pile, if arrange special anchoring pile for test pile, then anchoring pile Finish time can be caused long, thus increase coherent detection cost greatly; When engineering pile is closeer, anchoring pile position is difficult to determine; Anchoring pile is subject to the effect of uplift force in process of the test, and the disturbance of its soil around pile can have influence on test pile equally; Be exactly once test pile destroys in addition, need to select stake separately and cannot random sampling to large-tonnage bored concrete pile static test.
3, Combined balance weight case heap weighs and combined-type box ellbeam platform counterforce device system
It is a kind of conventional test method that current employing shaped steel heavily carries out static test as reaction beam and sand pocket heap, and the number of section steel beam is increased according to preloading size, by the counterforce device of the combination of some section steel beams, there is uneasy congruent shortcoming in low bearing capacity, stability difference so that process of the test; And the shortcoming that sand pocket heap weighs is the same with preloading reaction beam apparatus system.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming low, the poor stability of load-bearing capacity that classical inverse power apparatus system exists, the technological deficiency that operation is dangerous, experimentation cost is high, the invention provides a kind of large-tonnage static test afterburner system.
A kind of large-tonnage static test afterburner system of the present invention, comprises cased beam and ballast box, it is characterized in that: be fixed with stiffening plate in the middle part of the lower plane of described cased beam.
Preferably, described stiffening plate material is identical with cased beam base plate, and the thickness of stiffening plate is equal with cased beam base plate with width.
Preferably, described ballast box is be assembled into the open box-structure in top by base plate and four blocks of side plates, and at least one group of opposite side of base plate also has the backplate perpendicular to base plate.
Further, described ballast box side plate and base plate, all there is between side plate and the junction of side plate interconnected bearing pin fixed cover; Side plate and base plate, all adopt between side plate and side plate bearing pin pass described bearing pin fixed cover connect.
Preferably, described cased beam inside is also provided with some the transverse stiffeners perpendicular to cased beam length bearing of trend.
Further, have and comprise ribbed stiffener reinforcement district in the middle part of described cased beam length bearing of trend, the packing density that described ribbed stiffener strengthens the transverse stiffener in district is greater than cased beam other regions inner, and the length that ribbed stiffener strengthens district is greater than stiffening plate length.
Further, in described cased beam, outermost transverse stiffener distance cased beam end outer wall distance is less than the distance between transverse stiffener.
Preferably, described cased beam also has the syndeton for being connected with other cased beams.
Further, described syndeton is the multiple bolt hole and corresponding bolt that are evenly arranged in cased beam side.
Preferably, described ballast box corner is provided with suspension ring.
Adopt large-tonnage static test afterburner system of the present invention, stiffening plate is added to the supporting surface of cased beam and lifting jack, increase the maximum （normal） stress tolerated in the middle part of cased beam, achieve a kind of large-tonnage static test afterburner system rapidly and efficiently, counter-force can reach 6000kN ~ 12000kN.The inner transversal reinforcement rib that increases of cased beam enhances opposing middle part compressive stress and two ends shear stress ability, enhances the heavy burden ability of ballast box and conveniently lift the improvement of ballast box.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of large-tonnage static test afterburner system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of ballast box of the present invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates the cross sectional representation of a specific embodiment of cased beam of the present invention;
Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic diagram of preloading reaction beam apparatus system;
Fig. 5 illustrates the schematic diagram of anchor pile beam counterforce device system;
In each figure, Reference numeral name is called: 1. ballast box 2. section steel beam 3. support column 4. cased beam 5. lifting jack 6. test pile 7. side plate 8. base plate 9. bearing pin fixed cover 10. backplate 11. heap loads 12. crossbeam 13. dowel 14. anchoring pile 15. stiffening plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of large-tonnage static test afterburner system, comprises cased beam 4 and ballast box 1, it is characterized in that: be fixed with stiffening plate 15 in the middle part of the lower plane of described cased beam 4.
In static test, as shown in Figure 1, the support column 3 of support type girder steel is installed around tested test pile, section steel beam 2 is placed ballast box 1, cased beam 4 is had under section steel beam, dependence is placed in the middle part of the lifting jack 5 pairs of cased beams on test pile pile crown afterburning, by cased beam, section steel beam and ballast box progressively jack-up, thus power is applied on the pile crown of tested test pile 6.
The beam action of combined-type box shape is that the heap dead weight capacity of ballast box is delivered to lifting jack by combined-type box ellbeam, then applies vertical by lifting jack to pile foundation, thus reaches the requirement of static test.In test, maximal bending moment and maximum shear appear at the connecting portion office of combined-type box ellbeam and lifting jack, for strengthening the intensity of coupling part, in the middle part of the lower plane that cased beam contacts with lifting jack, increase by one piece of stiffening plate 15; The shape of stiffening plate, thickness and material calculate according to the maximal bending moment reached in test and maximum shear, and consider that suitable engineering allowance is determined.
For the selection of effect and stiffening plate shape, thickness and material that stiffening plate of the present invention is better described, a specific embodiment as mentioned below.
Static test heap weighs 600 tons, section steel beam length 12 meters, the middle part of section steel beam is supported by cased beam and lifting jack, because the length of section steel beam is much larger than the supporting surface size of lifting jack, engineering meets the condition adopting cantilever design, the stressing conditions of cantilever design model to cased beam is adopted to calculate, as follows to the result of calculation of bending and shearing:
Maximal bending moment appears at cased beam midfoot support place, and maximal bending moment is: M=9000KN.m.
Maximum shear appears at cased beam midfoot support place, and maximum shear is: V=3000KN.
The concrete size of original cased beam as shown in Figure 3, wherein: h=1000mm, b=600, t
w=25mm, t=25mm.
Cased beam adopts Q345 steel, and according to Code for design of steel structures GB50017-2003, the maximum （normal） stress of steel plate is 295N/mm
2, maximum shear is 170N/mm
2, to 12 meters of elongated girder steels, side cantilever length A is 6 meters, and beam-ends amount of deflection is
.
Moment of inertia to cased beam beam section:
H in formula
0for the computed altitude of web
Draw maximum （normal） stress:
In formula, γ is beam section plasticity coefficient, y
maxfor calculation level is to the distance of beam natural axis.
Be 295N/mm according to Code for design of steel structures GB50017-2003, Q345 steel maximum （normal） stress
2, as seen to original cased beam, middle part maximum （normal） stress has exceeded material allowed band.
One piece of stiffening plate is increased to lower plane in the middle part of cased beam, stiffening plate is Q345 steel plate, identical with cased beam baseboard material, conveniently carry out welded and installed, width and thickness are also identical, thickness, width and material are all identical means that the cross section of stiffening plate and cased beam base plate is equal by force intensity, is beneficial to lifting jack support place cross section distribution of force.Also be beneficial to identical with cased beam baseplate width of stiffening plate is installed and is transported.Long 1 meter of stiffening plate plate, wide 600 millimeters, thick 25 millimeters, after adding stiffening plate, cased beam intensity is checked again.
After adding stiffening plate, the maximum deflection normal stress of cased beam support place is less than Q345 steel maximum （normal） stress 295N/mm
2, meet the requirements.
Continue to carry out calculating inspection to other stress parameters of cased beam adding stiffening plate.
Support place maximum shear is
In formula, V is the shearing of computing nodes along web plane effect, and S calculates the above gross cross-sectional in shear stress place to the area distance of natural axis.
Cased beam beam-ends amount of deflection is
Q is uniform line load standard value (Kn/m), and E is the elastic modulus (N/mm of steel
2).
Calculating inspection is carried out to additional stiffening plate edge intensity.
Stiffening plate edge moment of flexure: M=6250KN.M;
Stiffening plate edge shearing: V=2500KN;
Then stiffening plate edge maximum deflection normal stress
Maximum shear
From above-mentioned checking computations, the intensity at stiffening plate place meets designing requirement.
At cased beam center section, due to
, according to Code for design of steel structures GB50017-2003, local stability calculating is carried out to cased beam, finds that there is:
, wherein f
yfor steel yield point.
Preferably, have and comprise ribbed stiffener reinforcement district in the middle part of described cased beam length bearing of trend, the packing density that described ribbed stiffener strengthens the transverse stiffener in district is greater than cased beam other regions inner, and the length that ribbed stiffener strengthens district is greater than stiffening plate 15 length
According to detailing requiments, cased beam and lifting jack contact region part value of compressive stress larger, cased beam two end portions shear stress is comparatively large, therefore cased beam and left and right, center, lifting jack contact region certain limit Nei Jixiangliang edge lateral stiffening rib spacing less, other location gap are larger.The contact width of lifting jack and cased beam when the center section width of transverse stiffener encryption should be greater than static test, described cased beam edge transversal reinforcement rib spacing refers to the distance at a transversal reinforcement rib near cased beam end and cased beam edge, or near cased beam end some transversal reinforcement ribs between spacing.
A specific embodiment is: cased beam transversal reinforcement rib spacing within the scope of each 1.5m in lifting jack left and right and cased beam outermost transversal reinforcement rib and cased beam Distances Between Neighboring Edge Points get 500mm, 1000mm is got in other positions.
The present invention improves ballast box, and described ballast box is be assembled into the open box-structure in top by base plate and four blocks of side plates, and at least one group of opposite side of base plate also has the backplate 10 perpendicular to base plate.
Concrete, the side plate 7 of described ballast box and base plate 8, all there is between side plate and the junction of side plate interconnected bearing pin fixed cover 9, side plate and base plate, all adopt bearing pin to pass described bearing pin fixed cover 9 between side plate and side plate to connect.The strength of joint of bearing pin and bearing pin fixed cover 9 is high, is suitable for the ballast box that weight is larger.
Preferably, described ballast box corner is provided with suspension ring, facilitates crane to lift ballast box.
When carrying out more large-tonnage test, many cased beams can be coupled together to meet testing requirements.Preferably, described cased beam also has the syndeton for being connected with other cased beams.Syndeton specifically can adopt the bolt at the multiple bolt hole be evenly arranged in cased beam side and correspondence, facilitates fixing between cased beam and cased beam.
Adopt large-tonnage static test afterburner system of the present invention, stiffening plate is added to the supporting surface of cased beam and lifting jack, increase the maximum （normal） stress tolerated in the middle part of cased beam, achieve a kind of large-tonnage static test afterburner system rapidly and efficiently, counter-force can reach 6000kN ~ 12000kN.The inner transversal reinforcement rib that increases of cased beam enhances opposing middle part compressive stress and two ends shear stress ability, enhances the heavy burden ability of ballast box and conveniently lift the improvement of ballast box.
Previously described is each preferred embodiment of the present invention, preferred implementation in each preferred embodiment is if not obviously contradictory or premised on a certain preferred implementation, each preferred implementation can stack combinations use arbitrarily, design parameter in described embodiment and embodiment is only the invention proof procedure in order to clear statement inventor, and be not used to limit scope of patent protection of the present invention, scope of patent protection of the present invention is still as the criterion with its claims, the equivalent structure change that every utilization instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content are done, in like manner all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a large-tonnage static test afterburner system, comprises cased beam and ballast box, it is characterized in that: be fixed with stiffening plate (15) in the middle part of the lower plane of described cased beam (4);
Described cased beam inside is also provided with some the transverse stiffeners perpendicular to cased beam length bearing of trend; In described cased beam, outermost transverse stiffener distance cased beam end outer wall distance is less than the distance between transverse stiffener.
2. large-tonnage static test afterburner system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stiffening plate material is identical with cased beam base plate, the thickness of stiffening plate is equal with cased beam base plate with width.
3. large-tonnage static test afterburner system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ballast box is be assembled into the open box-structure in top by base plate (8) and four pieces of side plates (7), and at least one group of opposite side of base plate also has the backplate (10) perpendicular to base plate (8).
4. large-tonnage static test afterburner system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ballast box comprises side plate and base plate side plate (7) and base plate (8), all there is between side plate (7) and the junction of side plate (7) interconnected bearing pin fixed cover (9); Side plate and base plate, all adopt between side plate and side plate bearing pin pass described bearing pin fixed cover (9) connect.
5. large-tonnage static test afterburner system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise ribbed stiffener in the middle part of described cased beam length bearing of trend and strengthen district, the packing density that described ribbed stiffener strengthens the transverse stiffener in district is greater than cased beam other regions inner, and the length that ribbed stiffener strengthens district is greater than stiffening plate (15) length.
6. large-tonnage static test afterburner system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described cased beam also has the syndeton for being connected with other cased beams.
7. large-tonnage static test afterburner system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: described syndeton is the multiple bolt hole and corresponding bolt that are evenly arranged in cased beam side.
8. large-tonnage static test afterburner system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described ballast box corner is provided with suspension ring.
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| CN103411758A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-11-27 | 中冶天工上海十三冶建设有限公司 | Bailey truss static load test reaction frame device |
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| CN106153443B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2024-08-20 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Counterweight loading device and loading method thereof |
| CN107130649B (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-11-22 | 浙江求是工程检测有限公司 | A kind of large-tonnage concrete block preloading static load of pile foundation device |
| CN109781549B (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中铁六局集团有限公司 | U-shaped beam static load test method |
| CN110004998A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-12 | 中国五冶集团有限公司 | A cast-in-place pile test device and its test method |
| CN111622278B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-04-23 | 青岛市建筑工程质量检测中心有限公司 | Foundation load test device and test method thereof |
| CN111650047B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-12-22 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A vertical reaction force loading device for large-tonnage soil material load test and its loading method |
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Effective date of registration: 20190315 Address after: 610051 No. 9 Wuye Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Co-patentee after: Chengdu Surveying Geotechnical Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Of MCC Patentee after: China MCC5 Group Corp., Ltd. Address before: 610000 Daxia, No. 199 Sanse Road, Jinjiang District Industrial Headquarters Base, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: Chengdu Surveying Geotechnical Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Of MCC |