CN103060932B - Drum electrostatic spinning device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a drum-type electrospinning device, which includes a polymer solution storage tank, a delivery pipe, a delivery pump, a drum system, a liquid storage tank, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, a collection system and a hot air system. The polymer solution storage tank, delivery pump and liquid storage tank are connected in sequence through the delivery pipe, and the drum system, high-voltage electrostatic generator and collection system are connected in sequence. The drum system is fixed directly above the liquid storage tank, and the hot air system is installed in the collection system. The drum system includes a drum and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is set in the center of the drum, and the drum is connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage electrostatic generator; the collection system is set above the drum, connected to the high-voltage electrostatic generator through a high-voltage power line the negative pole of the device. The invention abandons the needle structure and adopts the drum structure, changes the basic working mode of the spinning device, and can realize large-scale preparation of nanofiber polymer dressings and various nanofiber films.

Description

A drum type electrospinning device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrostatic spinning equipment, in particular to a drum type electrostatic spinning device.

Background technique

Nanofiber manufacturing and application technology is the focus of cutting-edge science and technology in recent years. In the fields of information, biology, environment, etc., nanofiber technology has a great impact on the industry. With the development of nanotechnology, electrospinning technology (referred to as electrospinning), as an effective and practical method for preparing nanofibers, has received increasing attention in the field of nanomaterials research. As early as 1934, Formhals invented a device that uses an electrostatic field to produce polymer ultrafine fibers. However, until recent years with the development of modern science and technology and the rise of nanotechnology, electrospinning technology has not been more in-depth research and has achieved great development. Many research groups have shown great interest in electrospinning and reported a series of organic polymer fibers prepared by this technique. Nanofibers prepared by electrospinning process have a nanoscale structure similar to that of human tissue, and are expected to become ideal tissue biomimetic materials.

At present, nearly a hundred kinds of natural and artificial polymer materials have been successfully prepared into nanofibers by electrospinning. There are generally two methods of electrospinning, one is solution electrospinning, that is, select an appropriate solvent to dissolve the polymer into a solution with a certain concentration and viscosity and then perform electrospinning, and the other is melt electrospinning, that is, directly Electrospinning is performed after the polymer is melted.

The traditional electrospinning device is mainly composed of three parts: high-voltage power supply, nozzle (metal capillary needle) and collecting screen; high-voltage power supply usually uses DC power supply; nozzle can be placed vertically or horizontally, and connected with a syringe pump for quantitative liquid supply ; The receiving screen can be a metal plate, net or roller, etc., and can be specially designed according to specific conditions. Under the action of a strong electric field, the polymer solution transported to the top of the spinneret is polarized; at this time, the polymer solution forms a Taylor cone at the end of the capillary under the action of Coulomb force, surface tension and mutual repulsion of the same-sex charges. , when the Coulomb force and the repulsive force of the charge are greater than the surface tension, the polymer solution will overcome its own surface tension and viscous force to form a jet stream, the solvent will evaporate quickly, the polymer will solidify and be collected on the receiving screen . The application of this single-nozzle electrospinning device can effectively prepare various uniform nanofibers, but the preparation efficiency is low, and the spraying volume is generally tens of microliters per minute, which does not have the application prospect of mass production of nanofibers. Therefore, the development of an efficient multi-nozzle electrospinning device has become a key issue restricting the practical application of nanofibers.

Multi-nozzle electrospinning equipment helps to greatly improve spinning efficiency, reduce the cost of nanofiber manufacturing and promote its practical application and marketization. However, in a multi-nozzle device, the nozzles interact with each other, and the electric field environment of each nozzle is different, resulting in different spraying conditions of each nozzle. It is difficult to obtain uniform nanofibrous films. At present, there are small needle-based instruments commercialized on the market. Their spinning efficiency is extremely low, generally only a few milliliters per hour can be processed, and there is basically no prospect for large-scale production and preparation. Aiming at improving the efficiency of electrospinning equipment, many related researches mainly use the method of adding needles, but the effect is not ideal.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a drum type electrostatic spinning device.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a drum type electrospinning device, comprising a polymer solution storage tank, a delivery pipe, a delivery pump, a drum system, a liquid storage tank, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, a collection system and Hot air system, the polymer solution storage tank, delivery pump and liquid storage tank are connected in sequence through the delivery pipe, the drum system, high-voltage electrostatic generator and collection system are connected in sequence, the drum system is fixed directly above the liquid storage tank, and the hot air The system is set on the left side of the collection system;

The polymer solution storage tank is preferably a semi-cylindrical stainless steel container;

The length of the semi-cylindrical stainless steel container is preferably 150-1500 mm, and the radius is preferably 20-500 mm;

The delivery pipe is preferably a PTFE pipe;

The delivery pump is preferably grounded through a grounded power line;

The drum system includes a drum and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is arranged in the center of the drum, and the drum is connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage electrostatic generator; the drum is driven by a frequency conversion motor to rotate around the shaft at different speeds for Delivery of polymer solutions;

The drum is preferably a cylindrical stainless steel body;

The diameter of the cylindrical stainless steel body is preferably 15-450 mm, and the length is preferably 150-1500 mm;

The power of the variable frequency motor is preferably 100-1000W, and the speed is preferably 20-200rpm;

The outer surface of the drum has surface protrusions, the surface protrusions are conical, the cone height is 2-15 mm, the conical protrusions are arranged regularly in an equilateral triangle, and the intervals between the two are equal, and the distance is 5-50 mm; the surface protrusions of the drum submerged in a reservoir;

The surface protrusions of the drum are preferably made of stainless steel;

The liquid storage tank is preferably an arc-shaped stainless steel container;

The high-voltage electrostatic generator preferably adopts a digital display DC high-voltage power supply;

The input voltage of the digital display DC high-voltage power supply is preferably 220VAC, 50Hz, the output voltage is preferably 0-30KV, and the output current is preferably 1mA. When there is an overcurrent or a short circuit, the system automatically protects;

The collection system includes a negative plate, a negative plate rotating shaft and a negative plate coating, the negative plate rotating shaft is fixed at both ends of the negative plate, the negative plate and the negative plate rotating shaft are covered in the negative plate coating; the negative plate rotating shaft and the frequency conversion motor Connection, the negative plate is set above the drum, and connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage electrostatic generator through a high-voltage power line;

The width of the negative plate is consistent with the diameter of the drum;

The distance between the negative plate and the drum is preferably 100-500 mm;

The negative plate is preferably a thin stainless steel plate, and the length of the negative plate is preferably 300-500mm;

The negative plate coating is preferably a paper film or a plastic film;

Preferably, the collection system is provided with a height adjustment device;

The height adjustment device is a screw adjustment structure;

The hot air system includes a fan and a heater, the fan is arranged on the left side of the heater, and the heater is arranged on the left side of the negative plate;

The fan is grounded through the grounding power line, and the power of the fan is preferably 5-15W;

The heater is grounded through a grounded power line, and the power is preferably 5-50W;

The working principle of the drum-type electrospinning device: the polymer material solution used for spinning nanofibers is pumped into the liquid storage tank through a delivery pump, and the drum adheres to the polymer solution during rotation, and as the The rotation of the drum conveys the protrusions on the surface of the drum, through the polarization of the high-voltage electrostatic generator, and finally under the action of the electric field force of the high-voltage electric field between the drum and the negative plate, a " Taylor cone", and finally overcome the shackles of gravity and surface tension, forming a whipped polymer jet and flying to the negative plate; The fibers are deposited on the surface of the collection system to form a nanofibrous membrane.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: the present invention abandons the needle structure and changes the basic working mode of the spinning device. The present invention adopts a drum structure, through the polarization of a high-voltage electrostatic generator, and finally under the action of the electric field force of the high-voltage electric field between the drum and the negative plate, a "Taylor cone" is formed on the top of the drum's conical surface protrusions , and finally overcome the shackles of gravity and surface tension to form a whipped polymer jet to prepare nanofibrous membranes. The device of the invention is simple and easy to operate, and can realize large-scale preparation of nanofiber polymer dressings and various nanofiber films.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic structural diagram of the drum type electrospinning device of embodiment 1, wherein: 1-polymer solution storage tank, 2-conveying pipe, 3-fan, 4-heater, 5-negative plate rotating shaft, 6- Negative plate, 7-negative plate coating, 8-polymer solution, 9-delivery pump, 10-surface protrusion of drum, 11-rotating shaft, 12 liquid storage tank, 13-drum, 14-positive electrode of high-voltage electrostatic generator , 15-high-voltage electrostatic generator, 16-high-voltage electrostatic generator negative pole, 17-frequency conversion motor.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drum, wherein: a is a schematic diagram of the surface of the drum, and b is a cross-sectional view of the drum.

Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the negative plate.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the drum and the liquid storage tank, wherein: a is the drum, and b is the liquid storage tank.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a drum-type electrospinning device includes a polymer solution storage tank 1, a delivery pipe 2, a delivery pump 9, a drum system, a liquid storage tank 12, a high-voltage electrostatic generator 15, a collection system and The hot air system, the polymer solution storage tank 1, the delivery pump 9 and the liquid storage tank 12 are sequentially connected through the delivery pipe 2, the drum system, the high-voltage electrostatic generator 15 and the collection system are connected in sequence, and the drum system is fixed on the liquid storage tank. Right above the trough, the hot air system is set on the left side of the collection system;

Polymer solution storage tank 1 is a semi-cylindrical stainless steel container; the length of the semi-cylindrical stainless steel container is 1500mm, and the radius is 500mm;

Delivery pipe 2 is a PTFE pipe;

The transfer pump 9 is grounded through the grounding power line;

The drum system includes a drum 13 and a rotating shaft 11, the rotating shaft 11 is arranged in the center of the drum 13, and the drum 13 is connected to the positive pole 14 of the high-voltage electrostatic generator; the drum 13 is driven by a frequency conversion motor 17 to rotate around the rotating shaft at different speeds;

Drum 13 is a cylindrical stainless steel body; the diameter of the cylindrical stainless steel body is 450mm, and the length is 1500mm;

The power of frequency conversion motor 17 is 100～1000W, and the rotating speed is 20～200rpm;

The outer surface of the drum 13 has surface protrusions 10, the surface protrusions 10 are conical, and the cone height is 15mm. In the liquid tank 12;

The surface protrusions 10 of the drum are made of stainless steel;

The liquid storage tank 12 is an arc-shaped stainless steel container;

The high-voltage electrostatic generator 15 adopts a digital display DC high-voltage power supply; the input voltage of the digital display DC high-voltage power supply is 220VAC, 50Hz, the output voltage is 0-30KV, and the output current is 1mA. When there is overcurrent or short circuit, the system will automatically protect;

The collection system includes a negative plate 6, a negative plate rotating shaft 5 and a negative plate coating 7, the negative plate rotating shaft 5 is fixed on both ends of the negative plate 6, the negative plate 6 and the negative plate rotating shaft 5 are covered in the negative plate coating 7; The plate rotating shaft 5 is connected to the frequency conversion motor 17, the negative plate 6 is arranged above the rotating drum 13, and is connected to the negative pole 16 of the high-voltage electrostatic generator through a high-voltage power line;

The width of the negative plate 6 is consistent with the diameter of the drum 13;

The distance between the negative plate 6 and the rotating drum 13 is 100-500mm;

The negative plate 6 is a thin stainless steel plate, and the length of the negative plate 6 is 500mm;

Negative plate coating 7 is a paper film;

The collection system is equipped with a height adjustment device; the height adjustment device is a screw adjustment structure;

The hot air system includes a fan 3 and a heater 4, the fan 3 is arranged on the left side of the heater 4, and the heater 4 is arranged on the left side of the negative plate 6;

The fan 3 is grounded through the grounding power line, and the power of the fan 3 is 5-15W;

The heater 4 is grounded through the grounding power line, and the power of the heater 4 is 5-50W;

The polymer solution 8 in the polymer solution storage tank 1 is pumped into the liquid storage tank 12 through the delivery pump 9, the drum 13 adheres to the polymer solution 8 during the rotation, and is transported to the drum as the drum 13 rotates The surface protrusions 10 of the drum are polarized by the high-voltage electrostatic generator 15, and finally under the action of the electric field force of the high-voltage electric field between the drum 13 and the negative plate 6, a "Taylor cone" is formed on the top of the drum's surface protrusions 10, And finally overcome the shackles of gravity and surface tension, form a whipping polymer jet, and fly to the negative plate 6; in the process, heat exchange occurs with the fan 3 and the heater 4, prompting the solvent to volatilize quickly, and finally form a solid The fine fibers are deposited on the surface of the collection system, forming a nanofibrous membrane.

Example 2

Using the drum type electrospinning device of Example 1 to prepare nanofibrous membranes:

Pump the polymer solution in the polymer solution storage tank into the liquid storage tank through the delivery pump, adjust the power of the frequency conversion motor to 100W, the speed of the frequency conversion motor to 20rpm, the output voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator to 10KV, and the negative plate The distance from the drum is 100mm, the power of the fan is 5W, and the power of the heater is 5W; the polymer solution adheres to the drum during rotation, and is transported to the surface protrusions of the drum as the drum rotates, and is generated by high-voltage static electricity. Finally, under the action of the electric field force of the high-voltage electric field between the drum and the negative plate, a "Taylor cone" is formed on the top of the drum's surface protrusions, and finally overcomes the constraints of gravity and surface tension to form a whip The polymer jet in the state flies to the negative plate; in this process, heat exchange occurs with the fan and heater, which promotes the rapid volatilization of the solvent, and finally forms solid fine fibers that are deposited on the surface of the collection system to form a nanofiber film; nanofiber film The fiber length is 100-300 μm, the fiber diameter is 10-50 nm, and the film thickness is 0.1-0.5 mm.

Example 3

Using the drum type electrospinning device of Example 1 to prepare nanofibrous membranes:

Pump the polymer solution in the polymer solution storage tank into the liquid storage tank through the transfer pump, adjust the power of the frequency conversion motor to 500W, the speed of the frequency conversion motor to 100rpm, the output voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator to 2KV, and the negative plate The distance from the drum is 300mm, the power of the fan is 10W, and the power of the heater is 20W; the polymer solution adheres to the drum during rotation, and is transported to the surface protrusions of the drum as the drum rotates, and is generated by high-voltage static electricity. Finally, under the action of the electric field force of the high-voltage electric field between the drum and the negative plate, a "Taylor cone" is formed on the top of the drum's surface protrusions, and finally overcomes the constraints of gravity and surface tension to form a whip The polymer jet in the state flies to the negative plate; in this process, heat exchange occurs with the fan and heater, which promotes the rapid volatilization of the solvent, and finally forms solid fine fibers that are deposited on the surface of the collection system to form a nanofiber film; nanofiber film The fiber length is 100-500 μm, the fiber diameter is 10-100 nm, and the film thickness is 0.1-1.0 mm.

Example 4

Using the drum type electrospinning device of Example 1 to prepare nanofibrous membranes:

Pump the polymer solution in the polymer solution storage tank into the liquid storage tank through the delivery pump, adjust the power of the frequency conversion motor to 1000W, the speed of the frequency conversion motor to 200rpm, the output voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator to 30KV, and the negative plate The distance from the drum is 500mm, the power of the fan is 15W, and the power of the heater is 50W; the polymer solution adheres to the drum during rotation, and is transported to the surface protrusions of the drum as the drum rotates, and is generated by high-voltage static electricity. Finally, under the action of the electric field force of the high-voltage electric field between the drum and the negative plate, a "Taylor cone" is formed on the top of the drum's surface protrusions, and finally overcomes the constraints of gravity and surface tension to form a whip The polymer jet in the state flies to the negative plate; in this process, heat exchange occurs with the fan and heater, which promotes the rapid volatilization of the solvent, and finally forms solid fine fibers that are deposited on the surface of the collection system to form a nanofiber film; nanofiber film The fiber length is 50-500 μm, the fiber diameter is 10-100 nm, and the film thickness is 0.1-1.0 mm.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A drum-type electrospinning device, characterized in that it comprises a polymer solution storage tank, a delivery pipe, a delivery pump, a drum system, a liquid storage tank, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, a collection system and a hot blast system, the described The polymer solution storage tank, delivery pump and liquid storage tank are connected in sequence through the delivery pipe, and the drum system, high-voltage electrostatic generator and collection system are connected in sequence. The drum system is fixed directly above the liquid storage tank, and the hot air system is installed in the collection system left; The drum system includes a drum and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is arranged in the center of the drum, and the drum is connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage electrostatic generator; The collection system includes a negative plate, a negative plate rotating shaft and a negative plate coating, the negative plate rotating shaft is fixed at both ends of the negative plate, the negative plate and the negative plate rotating shaft are covered in the negative plate coating; the negative plate is arranged on the drum above, connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage electrostatic generator through a high-voltage power line; The hot air system includes a fan and a heater, the fan is arranged on the left side of the heater, and the heater is arranged on the left side of the negative plate; The outer surface of the drum has surface protrusions, the surface protrusions are conical, the cone height is 15 mm, and the conical protrusions are regularly arranged in an equilateral triangle with equal intervals of 50 mm. 2 . The drum-type electrospinning device according to claim 1 , wherein the surface protrusions of the drum are submerged in the liquid storage tank, and the drum is driven by a frequency conversion motor to rotate around a rotating shaft at different speeds. 3. The drum-type electrospinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drum is a cylindrical stainless steel body, and the surface protrusions of the drum are made of stainless steel. 4. The drum-type electrospinning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the diameter of the cylindrical stainless steel body is 15-450 mm, and the length is 150-1500 mm. 5. The drum type electrospinning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the variable frequency motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the negative plate; the power of the variable frequency motor is 100-1000W, and the rotation speed is 20-200rpm. 6 . The drum-type electrospinning device according to claim 1 , wherein the width of the negative plate is consistent with the diameter of the drum; the distance between the negative plate and the drum is 100-500 mm. 7. The drum-type electrospinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the negative plate is a thin stainless steel plate, and the length of the negative plate is 300-500 mm; the coating of the negative plate is a paper film or plastic film. 8. The drum-type electrospinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid storage tank is an arc-shaped stainless steel container; the high-voltage electrostatic generator adopts a digital display DC high-voltage power supply; The polymer solution storage tank is a semi-cylindrical stainless steel container. 9. The drum type electrospinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fan is grounded through a grounded power line, and the power of the fan is 5-15W; the heater is grounded through a grounded power line, The power is 5-50W.