Macrobead straw methane fermentation device
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy field, be specifically related to a kind of macrobead straw methane fermentation device.
Background technology
Agricultural crop straw wide material sources, stock number is large, and a large amount of stalks fail to obtain effectively to process and bring series of environmental problems.Straw biogas utilization can effectively solve this difficult problem, produces bioenergy---the biogas of high-quality simultaneously, has become one of important means of stalk resource utilization.The raw material of existing stalk continuous fermentation apparatus generally need to do the pre-treatment such as pulverizing, because of its poor fluidity, conventionally needs to adopt mechanical stirring to realize mass-and heat-transfer.Stalk light specific gravity, enters after fermentation unit easily floating and forms duricrust, and the biogas that causes producing gathers and is obstructed in the pond in, raw material availability reduction.Cause existing stalk marsh gas continuous fermentation apparatus material concentration low, discharging relies on mechanical means to complete substantially, and equipment investment is large, and energy consumption is high, and anaerobic digestion gas production efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome in prior art stalk marsh gas continuous fermentation apparatus material concentration low, raw material availability is low, discharging relies on mechanical means, equipment investment is large, and energy consumption is high, the inefficient defect of anaerobic digestion gas production, provide one can directly digest macrobead stalk, energy consumption is low, and input and output material is smooth and easy, the macrobead straw methane fermentation device that input-output ratio is low.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Macrobead straw methane fermentation device of the present invention is made up of fermentor tank (11) and storage liquid unit (1), fermentor tank (11) is vertical tank body, tank body top is provided with feed-pipe (10) and the biogas mouth of pipe (9) with valve, tank base is provided with the slag-drip opening (7) with valve, it is characterized in that, in feed-pipe (10), gravity stock pusher (6) is installed, by gravity stock pusher (6) sealing feed-pipe (10); Tank body top is provided with the backflow mouth of pipe (5), and the backflow mouth of pipe (5) is connected with storage liquid unit (1) by recycle pump (2); Tank body top is provided with upflow tube (8) or/and liquid level indicator elment, and the low spot of upflow tube (8) is higher than the outlet of feed-pipe (10), and high point is lower than the import of the biogas mouth of pipe (9); Tank body internal upper part is equipped with round table-like pushing off the slag ring flat-plate (14), and pushing off the slag ring flat-plate (14) upper end is connected with the outlet of feed-pipe (10), and pushing off the slag ring flat-plate (14) lower end is connected with inner tank wall, opens sieve aperture on ring flat-plate; In tank body, melt cinder spacer plate (16) is equipped with in bottom, and melt cinder spacer plate (16) tilts to install, and melt cinder spacer plate is opened sieve aperture on (16), and periphery is connected with inner tank wall, and the minimum position of melt cinder spacer plate (16) is connected with the bottom of slag-drip opening (7); Fermentor tank (11) bottom is provided with the liquid discharge pipe (3) with valve, and the outlet of liquid discharge pipe (3) is corresponding with storage liquid unit (1) or connected; Storage liquid unit (1) is provided with sieve plate (18) or/and inflated slag frame, slag-drip opening (7) or connection corresponding with storage liquid unit (1).
In such scheme, described fermentor tank (11) inner tank wall is equipped with communicating pipe (4), the high-end high point higher than upflow tube (8) of communicating pipe (4), and the bottom of communicating pipe (4) is positioned at the high-order bit of melt cinder spacer plate (16).
In such scheme, described storage liquid unit (1) is liquid storing pool or receiver.
In such scheme, the outlet of described upflow tube (8) is corresponding with storage liquid unit (1) or connected.
In such scheme, described gravity stock pusher (6) is running fit with feed-pipe (10), gravity stock pusher (6) can be free to slide in feed-pipe (10), gravity stock pusher (6) top and feed-pipe (10) top are provided with stuck device, prevent that gravity stock pusher (6) from slipping in fermentor tank (11) by feed-pipe (10).
In such scheme, described pushing off the slag ring flat-plate (14) tapering is greater than 30 °, and melt cinder spacer plate (16) angle of inclination is greater than 15 °.
Principle of the present invention is: make fermentation materials rest on reactor middle part by the design of fermentation unit, prevent scum silica frost floating crust; Design weight drive unit, makes high gravity fermentation material under the effect of gravity and charging impellent, from top to bottom walking automatically; Backflow submerged fermentation liquid, to top, makes Primary Fermentation mineralization pressure poor, impels fermented liquid uniformly penetrating in fermentation materials, realizes anaerobion and fully contacts with fermentation materials, promote anaerobic digestion continuously, efficiently carry out.
In macrobead straw methane fermentation device of the present invention, fermentor tank is made up of 4 parts such as air storage district, water seal district, Primary Fermentation district, inferior fermentation zones, and top is air storage district, and it is lower is water seal district, feed-pipe bottom is goed deep under water seal district liquid level, ensures the resistance to air loss in air storage district.Pushing off the slag ring flat-plate separates water seal district and Primary Fermentation district, stops charging stalk floating, and fermented liquid can enter Primary Fermentation district by the aperture of ring flat-plate simultaneously, and pushing off the slag ring flat-plate tapering is greater than 30 °, is convenient to gravity stock pusher and promotes fermentation materials to the motion of bottom, Primary Fermentation district.Melt cinder spacer plate separates He Ci fermentation zone, Primary Fermentation district, stops fermented stalk to enter time fermentation zone, and fermented liquid can enter time fermentation zone by the aperture of melt cinder spacer plate, and melt cinder spacer plate angle of inclination is greater than 15 °, is convenient to fermentation solid residue slip discharging.Upflow tube is used for controlling liquid level, prevents that fermented liquid from entering biogas pipe.Communicating pipe keeps the air pressure balance in time fermentation zone and air storage district, and anti-backflow fermented liquid is directly through directly entering time fermentation zone communicating pipe.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1) the present invention can directly digest macrobead stalk, saves the preprocessing process such as crushed stalk, utilizes gravity to promote fermentation materials and flows, and saves a large amount of energy consumptions; (2) the present invention can obviously improve the fermentation materials concentration of fermentation unit, and controlled fermentation raw material, under water seal district, effectively prevents stalk floating crust; (3) the present invention by the submerged fermentation liquid that repeatedly refluxes to top, the infiltration cycles of fermented liquid in Primary Fermentation district, microorganism is fully contacted with fermentation materials, can significantly improve the volume yield rate of fermentation unit; (4) the present invention can realize fermentation residue and the automatic solid-liquid separation of fermented liquid, after separation of fermentative broth, discharged by liquid discharge pipe through time fermentation zone, fermentation residue slides along the gravity flow of melt cinder spacer plate, discharge through slag-drip opening, realize slagging tap smoothly of fermentation unit, thereby ensure that whole fermentation unit can stablize long-term operation.
Therefore, it is low that the present invention has overcome in prior art stalk marsh gas continuous fermentation apparatus material concentration, raw material availability is low, and discharging relies on mechanical means, and equipment investment is large, energy consumption is high, the inefficient defect of anaerobic digestion gas production, provides one can directly digest macrobead stalk, and energy consumption is low, input and output material is smooth and easy, the macrobead straw methane fermentation device that input-output ratio is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Figure mono-is schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure bis-is schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention five.
In accompanying drawing, 1: storage liquid unit, 2: recycle pump, 3: liquid discharge pipe, 4: communicating pipe, 5: the backflow mouth of pipe, 6: gravity stock pusher, 7: slag-drip opening, 8: upflow tube, 9: the biogas mouth of pipe, 10: feed-pipe, 11: fermentor tank, 12: water seal district, 13: air storage district, 14: pushing off the slag ring flat-plate, 15: Primary Fermentation district, 16: melt cinder spacer plate, 17: inferior fermentation zone, 18: sieve plate.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but the present invention is not limited only to described embodiment.
Embodiment mono-
This routine macrobead straw methane fermentation device as shown in Figure 1, formed by fermentor tank 11 and storage liquid unit 1, fermentor tank 11 is vertical tank body, tank body top is provided with feed-pipe 10 and the biogas mouth of pipe 9 with valve, tank base is provided with the slag-drip opening 7 with valve, it is characterized in that, in feed-pipe 10, gravity stock pusher 6 is installed, seal feed-pipe 10 by gravity stock pusher 6; Tank body top is provided with the backflow mouth of pipe 5, and the backflow mouth of pipe 5 is connected with storage liquid unit 1 by recycle pump 2; Tank body top is provided with upflow tube 8, and the low spot of upflow tube 8 is higher than the outlet of feed-pipe 10, and high point is lower than the import of the biogas mouth of pipe 9; Tank body internal upper part is equipped with round table-like pushing off the slag ring flat-plate 14, and pushing off the slag ring flat-plate 14 upper ends are connected with the outlet of feed-pipe 10, and pushing off the slag ring flat-plate 14 lower ends are connected with inner tank wall, open sieve aperture on ring flat-plate; In tank body, melt cinder spacer plate 16 is equipped with in bottom, and melt cinder spacer plate 16 tilts to install, and on melt cinder spacer plate 16, opens sieve aperture, and periphery is connected with inner tank wall, and the minimum position of melt cinder spacer plate 16 is connected with the bottom of slag-drip opening 7; Fermentor tank 11 bottoms are provided with the liquid discharge pipe 3 with valve, and the outlet of liquid discharge pipe 3 is corresponding with storage liquid unit 1; Storage liquid unit 1 is provided with sieve plate 18 and inflated slag frame, and slag-drip opening 7 is corresponding with storage liquid unit 1.
Fermentor tank 11 inner tank wall are equipped with communicating pipe 4, the high-end high point higher than upflow tube 8 of communicating pipe 4, and the bottom of communicating pipe 4 is positioned at the high-order bit of melt cinder spacer plate 16.
In this example, storage liquid unit 1 is liquid storing pool.The outlet of upflow tube 8 is corresponding with storage liquid unit 1.
Gravity stock pusher 6 is running fit with feed-pipe 10, and gravity stock pusher 6 can be free to slide in feed-pipe 10, and gravity stock pusher 6 tops and feed-pipe 10 tops are provided with stuck device, prevent that gravity stock pusher 6 from slipping in fermentor tank 11 by feed-pipe 10.
Pushing off the slag ring flat-plate 14 taperings are greater than 30 °, and melt cinder spacer plate 16 angles of inclination are greater than 15 °.
This routine macrobead straw methane fermentation device working process is as follows:
This routine fermentor tank is divided into air storage district 13, water seal district 12, Primary Fermentation district 15, inferior fermentation zone 17 4 parts.Fermented stalk under the promotion of gravity stock pusher 6, enters Primary Fermentation district 15 through feed-pipe 10 after mixing with the fermented liquid in liquid storing pool 1, carries out anaerobic digestion.The acting in conjunction of pushing off the slag ring flat-plate 14 and gravity stock pusher 6, charging stalk is all the time in 12 bottoms, water seal district, effectively prevent that stalk from forming floating layer, when charging next time, the stalk of raw feed is under the gravity pushing effect of gravity stock pusher 6, make fermentation materials to the 15 bottom motions of Primary Fermentation district, along with the increase of charging number of times, fermented stalk is pushed to fermentor tank foot gradually, now stalk fully ferments and has reached the fermentation ends phase, under the impellent of upper once charging, slide to slag-drip opening 7 along melt cinder spacer plate 16.
The percolate of fermented stalk enters time fermentation zone 17 through melt cinder spacer plate 16 and proceeds anaerobic digestion.The biogas that anaerobic digestion produces enters after 13 storages of air storage district, discharges use by the biogas mouth of pipe 9.
In anaerobic digestion process, regularly the fermented liquid in discharge time fermentation zone 17 is to liquid storing pool 1, by recycle pump 2 pumps to fermentor tank 11 tops, enter water seal district 12 through return line 5, make to form between water seal district 12 and communicating pipe 4 liquid level difference, fermented liquid in Primary Fermentation district 15 interior formation osmotic pressure, impel fermented liquid to permeate in fermented stalk and flow, promotion microorganism fully contacts with fermentation materials, promotes anaerobic digestion efficiency.
The liquid level in water seal district 12 is set by the vertex of upflow tube 8.
After the anaerobic digestion of described fermentation unit completes, adopt fermented liquid and fermentation residue mixing discharging, its working method is as follows: when the interior liquid level of fermentor tank 11 reach a certain height, while needing deslagging, close the biogas mouth of pipe 9, open slag-drip opening 7, near stalk fermentation residue 15 bottoms, Primary Fermentation district, slag-drip opening 7 and fermented liquid are under the effect from gravity, discharge fermentor tank 11 along melt cinder spacer plate from slag-drip opening 7, enter liquid storing pool 1, separate melt cinder through sieve plate 18 with inflated slag frame, fermented liquid enters liquid storing pool 1 bottom, residue stay on sieve plate 18 and inflated slag frame in.Owing to there being the drive of fermented liquid, deslagging is very convenient.In the time that the liquid level in water seal district 12 approaches the bottom of feed-pipe 10, close slag-drip opening 7, like this, can keep air storage district 13 not have air to enter.Then, open feed-pipe 10, add virgin material.ON cycle pump 2 again, sends the fermented liquid in liquid storing pool 1 back to fermentor tank 11.
The macrobead straw methane fermentation device based on segregation drive that shows embodiment from result, operation energy consumption is low, anaerobic digestion efficiency is high, can efficient solution decide a material difficult problem, realizes discharging smooth and easy, can ensure continuous, long-term, the steady running of anaerobic digester system.
Embodiment bis-
This routine macrobead straw methane fermentation device is not except installing communicating pipe, and all the other are with embodiment mono-.
Embodiment tri-
This routine macrobead straw methane fermentation device is provided with liquid level indicator elment except fermentor tank 11 tank body tops, and all the other are with embodiment mono-.
Embodiment tetra-
This routine macrobead straw methane fermentation device is not established upflow tube except fermentor tank 11 tops, and all the other are with embodiment tri-.
Embodiment five
As shown in Figure 2, except storage liquid unit 1 is receiver, outside slag-drip opening 7, liquid discharge pipe 3 are connected with receiver with upflow tube 8, all the other are with embodiment tri-for this routine macrobead straw methane fermentation device.
Embodiment six
This routine macrobead straw methane fermentation device is provided with sieve plate 18 except storing 1 of liquid unit, and all the other are with embodiment tri-.
Embodiment seven
This routine macrobead straw methane fermentation device is provided with inflated slag frame except storing 1 of liquid unit, and all the other are with embodiment tri-.