CN103058411A - Method of removing fluorinions in water - Google Patents
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- CN103058411A CN103058411A CN2012105604850A CN201210560485A CN103058411A CN 103058411 A CN103058411 A CN 103058411A CN 2012105604850 A CN2012105604850 A CN 2012105604850A CN 201210560485 A CN201210560485 A CN 201210560485A CN 103058411 A CN103058411 A CN 103058411A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 12
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 7
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 51
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- -1 fluorine ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 28
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- QANIADJLTJYOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;magnesium;carbonate;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O QANIADJLTJYOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 9
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009297 electrocoagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种去除水中氟离子的方法，属于水处理技术领域，本发明去除水中氟离子的方法包括：取吸附剂粉碎，而后焙烧，将焙烧后的吸附剂粉末投进待处理的含氟废水中，吸附脱除含氟废水中的氟离子，再向含氟废水中加入混凝剂，将吸附了氟离子的吸附剂粉末从含氟废水中分离，与现有技术相比，本发明具有操作简便、运行成本低、易于管理维护、对水中氟离子去除效果良好等优点，尤其适用于氟离子浓度在10～100mg/L的水样。The invention relates to a method for removing fluorine ions in water, which belongs to the technical field of water treatment. The method for removing fluoride ions in water includes: taking an adsorbent and pulverizing it, and then roasting, and putting the roasted adsorbent powder into the fluorine-containing In the wastewater, the fluoride ions in the fluorine-containing wastewater are adsorbed and removed, and then a coagulant is added to the fluoride-containing wastewater to separate the adsorbent powder that has adsorbed the fluoride ions from the fluoride-containing wastewater. Compared with the prior art, the present invention It has the advantages of simple operation, low operating cost, easy management and maintenance, and good effect on the removal of fluoride ions in water, etc. It is especially suitable for water samples with fluoride ion concentration of 10-100mg/L.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种去除水中氟离子的方法，属于水处理技术领域。The invention relates to a method for removing fluorine ions in water, belonging to the technical field of water treatment.
背景技术 Background technique
当前，国内外含氟废水多采用沉淀法处理，然而，由于沉淀物仍具有一定溶解度，经该方法处理后，废水中仍含有10～100mg/L的氟离子，尚未达到排放标准要求，仍需进一步进行处理。目前可供选择的处理技术包括冷冻法、离子交换法、超滤法、电凝聚法、电渗析、反渗透技术等方法，但这些方法多存在操作复杂、运行成本高、管理维护困难等问题。At present, fluorine-containing wastewater at home and abroad is mostly treated by precipitation method. However, because the sediment still has a certain solubility, after treatment by this method, the wastewater still contains 10-100 mg/L of fluoride ions, which has not yet reached the discharge standard and still needs to be treated. for further processing. Currently available treatment technologies include freezing, ion exchange, ultrafiltration, electrocoagulation, electrodialysis, and reverse osmosis, but these methods often have problems such as complex operation, high operating costs, and difficult management and maintenance.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种去除水中氟离子的方法，本发明采用吸附、混凝二步法去除水中氟离子，与现有技术相比，本发明具有操作简便、运行成本低、易于管理维护、对水中氟离子去除效果良好等优点，尤其适用于氟离子浓度在10～100mg/L的水样。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for removing fluoride ions in water. The present invention adopts a two-step method of adsorption and coagulation to remove fluoride ions in water. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of simple operation, low operating cost, It has the advantages of easy management and maintenance, good fluoride ion removal effect in water, etc., especially suitable for water samples with a fluoride ion concentration of 10-100mg/L.
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种去除水中氟离子的方法，包括：取吸附剂粉碎，而后焙烧，将焙烧后的吸附剂粉末投进待处理的含氟废水中，吸附脱除含氟废水中的氟离子，再向含氟废水中加入混凝剂，将吸附了氟离子的吸附剂粉末从含氟废水中分离。The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a method for removing fluorine ions in water, comprising: taking an adsorbent and pulverizing it, and then roasting, putting the roasted adsorbent powder into the fluorine-containing wastewater to be treated, and absorbing and removing Fluoride ions in fluorine-containing wastewater, and then add coagulant to the fluoride-containing wastewater to separate the adsorbent powder that has adsorbed fluoride ions from the fluoride-containing wastewater.
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下改进。On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
进一步，所述吸附剂为水滑石。Further, the adsorbent is hydrotalcite.
进一步，所述水滑石为镁铝二元水滑石。Further, the hydrotalcite is magnesium-aluminum binary hydrotalcite.
进一步，所述焙烧的条件为350～600℃，焙烧1～3h。Further, the conditions for the calcination are 350-600° C. for 1-3 hours.
进一步，所述混凝剂为聚丙烯酰胺、壳聚糖、胞外聚合物中的任意一种。Further, the coagulant is any one of polyacrylamide, chitosan and extracellular polymer.
进一步，所述混凝剂聚丙烯酰胺为阴离子聚丙烯酰胺。Further, the coagulant polyacrylamide is anionic polyacrylamide.
进一步，所述吸附剂粉末的加入量为按含氟废水中氟离子的质量浓度与投加进入含氟废水中吸附剂粉末的质量浓度的比值为1:5～1:50的比例投加。Further, the added amount of the adsorbent powder is added according to the ratio of the mass concentration of fluoride ions in the fluorine-containing wastewater to the mass concentration of the adsorbent powder added into the fluorine-containing wastewater is 1:5-1:50.
进一步，所述混凝剂的加入量为每升含氟废水加入1～5mg的混凝剂。Furthermore, the amount of the coagulant added is 1-5 mg of coagulant per liter of fluorine-containing wastewater.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明提出采用水滑石粉末吸附、阴离子混凝剂混凝二步法处理化学沉淀处理后仍未达到排放标准的含氟废水。水滑石属于阴离子型层状化合物，它是由带正电荷的主体层板和层间阴离子通过非共价键的相互作用组装而成，因为其主板结构带正电荷，所以对阴离子污染物具有较好吸附作用，在实现水滑石对氟有效吸附后，采用阴离子聚丙烯酰胺将水滑石粉末从水中分离，完成含氟废水处理过程。The invention proposes to use a two-step method of hydrotalcite powder adsorption and anion coagulant coagulation to treat fluorine-containing wastewater that has not yet reached the discharge standard after chemical precipitation treatment. Hydrotalcite is an anionic layered compound, which is assembled by the interaction of positively charged main layers and interlayer anions through non-covalent bonds. Good adsorption effect. After realizing the effective adsorption of fluorine by hydrotalcite, anionic polyacrylamide is used to separate hydrotalcite powder from water to complete the fluorine-containing wastewater treatment process.
本发明方法克服现有方法操作复杂、运行成本高、管理维护困难等缺陷。由于水滑石晶格层板带正电荷，对水中氟阴离子具有较好吸附作用，因此采用本方法可有效去除含氟废水化学沉淀处理出水中氟离子，实现达标排放；同时，采用阴离子聚丙烯酰胺混凝去除吸附氟离子后的水滑石粉末，可显著降低含氟废水处理后出水浊度。The method of the invention overcomes the defects of the existing method such as complex operation, high operating cost, difficult management and maintenance. Since the hydrotalcite lattice layer is positively charged, it has a good adsorption effect on fluorine anions in water, so this method can effectively remove fluoride ions in the effluent of fluorine-containing wastewater chemical precipitation treatment, and achieve discharge standards; at the same time, the use of anionic polyacrylamide Coagulation to remove the hydrotalcite powder after adsorbing fluoride ions can significantly reduce the turbidity of the effluent after treatment of fluorine-containing wastewater.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
以下对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
将镁铝二元水滑石粉碎，在350℃焙烧1h，将焙烧后的镁铝二元水滑石粉末按投进待处理的浓度为100mg/L的含氟废水中，加入量为按含氟废水中氟离子的质量浓度与投加进入含氟废水中吸附剂粉末的质量浓度的比值为1:50的比例投加，吸附脱除含氟废水中的氟离子，再向上述含氟废水中按每升含氟废水加入5mg的比例加入阴离子聚丙烯酰胺，将吸附了氟离子的镁铝二元水滑石粉末从含氟废水中分离。对处理后的废水进行检测，结果显示，废水中氟离子浓度为9.5mg/L，废水达到《污水综合排放标准》一级标准。Crush the magnesium-aluminum binary hydrotalcite, and roast it at 350°C for 1 hour, then put the roasted magnesium-aluminum binary hydrotalcite powder into the fluorine-containing wastewater with a concentration of 100mg/L to be treated, and the addition amount is based on the fluorine-containing wastewater The ratio of the mass concentration of fluoride ions in the fluorine-containing wastewater to the mass concentration of the adsorbent powder added into the fluorine-containing wastewater is 1:50, and the fluoride ions in the fluoride-containing wastewater are adsorbed and removed, and then added to the above-mentioned fluoride-containing wastewater by Anionic polyacrylamide is added at a ratio of 5 mg per liter of fluorine-containing wastewater, and the magnesium-aluminum binary hydrotalcite powder adsorbed with fluoride ions is separated from the fluoride-containing wastewater. The treated wastewater was tested, and the results showed that the concentration of fluoride ions in the wastewater was 9.5mg/L, and the wastewater reached the first-class standard of the "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard".
实施例2Example 2
将镁铝二元水滑石粉碎，在500℃焙烧2h，将焙烧后的镁铝二元水滑石粉末按投进待处理的浓度为50mg/L的含氟废水中，加入量为按含氟废水中氟离子的质量浓度与投机进入含氟废水中吸附剂粉末的质量浓度的比值为1:25的比例投加，吸附脱除含氟废水中的氟离子，再向上述含氟废水中按每升含氟废水加入2.5mg的比例加入阴离子聚丙烯酰胺，将吸附了氟离子的镁铝二元水滑石粉末从含氟废水中分离。对处理后的废水进行检测，结果显示，废水中氟离子浓度为6.1mg/L，废水达到《污水综合排放标准》一级标准。Crush the magnesium-aluminum binary hydrotalcite, and roast it at 500°C for 2 hours. Put the roasted magnesium-aluminum binary hydrotalcite powder into the fluorine-containing wastewater to be treated at a concentration of 50mg/L, and the addition amount is based on the fluorine-containing wastewater The ratio of the mass concentration of fluorine ions in the medium to the mass concentration of the adsorbent powder speculatively entering the fluorine-containing wastewater is 1:25, and the fluoride ions in the fluoride-containing wastewater are adsorbed and removed, and then added to the above-mentioned fluoride-containing wastewater according to each Add 2.5 mg of anionic polyacrylamide to 1 liter of fluorine-containing wastewater, and separate the magnesium-aluminum binary hydrotalcite powder that has adsorbed fluoride ions from the fluoride-containing wastewater. The treated wastewater was tested, and the results showed that the concentration of fluoride ions in the wastewater was 6.1 mg/L, and the wastewater reached the first-level standard of the "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard".
实施例3Example 3
将镁铝二元水滑石粉碎，在600℃焙烧3h，将焙烧后的镁铝二元水滑石粉末按投进待处理的浓度为10mg/L的含氟废水中，加入量为按含氟废水中氟离子的质量浓度与投加进入含氟废水中吸附剂粉末的质量浓度的比值为1:5的比例投加，吸附脱除含氟废水中的氟离子，再向上述含氟废水中按每升含氟废水加入1mg的比例加入阴离子聚丙烯酰胺，将吸附了氟离子的镁铝二元水滑石粉末从含氟废水中分离。对处理后的废水进行检测，结果显示，废水中氟离子浓度为3.5mg/L，废水达到《污水综合排放标准》一级标准。Crush the magnesium-aluminum binary hydrotalcite, and roast it at 600°C for 3 hours, then put the roasted magnesium-aluminum binary hydrotalcite powder into the fluorine-containing wastewater with a concentration of 10mg/L to be treated, and the addition amount is based on the fluorine-containing wastewater The ratio of the mass concentration of fluoride ions in the fluorine-containing wastewater to the mass concentration of the adsorbent powder added into the fluorine-containing wastewater is 1:5, and the fluoride ions in the fluoride-containing wastewater are adsorbed and removed, and then added to the above-mentioned fluoride-containing wastewater by Anionic polyacrylamide is added at a ratio of 1 mg per liter of fluorine-containing wastewater, and the magnesium-aluminum binary hydrotalcite powder adsorbed with fluoride ions is separated from the fluoride-containing wastewater. The treated wastewater was tested, and the results showed that the concentration of fluoride ions in the wastewater was 3.5mg/L, and the wastewater reached the first-level standard of the "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard".
上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.
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