CN103055556A - Waterpower dynamic backwashing device of filter and backwashing method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic dynamic backwashing device for a filter, which solves the problem that the filter material cannot be effectively cleaned because the screen is easily blocked and the pressure is suppressed during backwashing of the filter. It includes cylinder body, main screen tube, sub-screen tube, composite hydraulic runner and ribbon type scraping and stirring device. The composite hydraulic runner effectively recovers the remaining mechanical energy of backwash water, drives the ribbon scraping and stirring device to rotate, and cleans the backwash oil and water. The mixed solution is vigorously stirred, and the main screen tube and the sub-screen tube are hydraulically cleaned to effectively prevent the blockage of the screen tube and the occurrence of backwash pressure suppression.

Description

Hydraulic dynamic backwashing device and backwashing method for filter

technical field

The invention relates to high-efficiency pressure filtering equipment for oily sewage, in particular to a backwashing device and a backwashing method for a quartz sand filter.

Background technique

Quartz sand filter is a device that uses oleophobic quartz sand as the filter medium to remove oil and suspended solids in oily sewage. It has been widely used in oil fields since the 1960s because of its advantages such as dense filter bed formation, strong pollution interception ability, high filtration accuracy and easy water backwashing. After a period of operation of the quartz sand filter material layer in the filter, the gaps between the particles and the surface are saturated with oil and suspended matter. In order to restore its filtration performance, the quartz sand filter material needs to be backwashed and regenerated regularly. Due to the difference in the amount of oil intercepted on the surface of the quartz sand particles, the density of the "quartz sand particle-oil" complex on the surface is quite different. Relatively speaking, the oil intercepted on the surface of the filter layer is large, and the density of the complex is small, and the surface quartz sand expands during backwashing. high degree. Therefore, the top of the traditional quartz sand filter used in the oil field is provided with a screen basket to prevent the quartz sand filter material particles with excessive expansion during backwashing from being lost with the backwashing water. However, the quartz sand particles trapped on the surface of the screen basket will block the screen basket, reduce the flow area, reduce the backwash intensity, and suppress backwash pressure, resulting in the ineffective cleaning of the quartz sand filter material in the filter. The removal rate of suspended solids and oil is reduced, which greatly affects the quality of oilfield reinjection water. Therefore, the traditional backwashing method only relies on the shear force of the backwashing water flow and the collision friction between the particles to separate the oil and the quartz sand particles, which will cause uneven expansion of the filter bed, relatively large expansion rate of the surface quartz sand particles, and clogging. The top screen basket and media regeneration is less efficient.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a backwashing device for a filter, which can effectively clean the quartz sand filter material in the filter during backwashing to avoid clogging and pressure suppression; another purpose of the present invention is to A backwashing method for a filter using the backwashing device is provided.

In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the hydraulic dynamic backwashing device of the filter, including a cylinder, a composite hydraulic runner and a ribbon type scraping and stirring device, and the side wall of the cylinder is provided with a filter The backwash water outlet of the filter, the center of the upper cover plate of the cylinder body is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft through a bearing, the lower port of the cylinder body is welded with a fixed flange blind plate, and the cylinder body is connected to the upper port flange of the filter through the flange blind plate; The center of the flange blind plate is provided with a central hole, and around the central hole there are also several circular holes equidistant from the central hole, and these circular holes are evenly distributed along the circumference; the lower end surface of the flange blind plate is welded with a main The screen tube and the sub-screen tube coaxial with the round hole, the lower port of the main screen tube is fixed with a bearing mechanism, and the rotating shaft cooperates with the bearing mechanism. The device includes a spiral belt coiled outside the main screen, the lower end of which is fixed on the shaft, and the inner helical edge of the spiral is in contact with the outer wall of the main screen; The upper opening of the cylinder is welded to a cylindrical cylinder, the rotating shaft is concentric with the cylindrical cylinder, and the rotating shaft is keyed to connect with a composite hydraulic runner, and the composite hydraulic runner is located in the cylindrical cylinder.

The composite hydraulic runner is composed of a first hydraulic runner and a second hydraulic runner in series, and the outer wall of the hub of the first hydraulic runner is evenly fixed in the circumferential direction with a number of 6-10 airfoils with an angle of attack of α For blades, 4 to 8 airfoil blades with an attack angle of β are evenly fixed on the outer wall of the hub of the second hydraulic runner along the circumferential direction, wherein the attack angle α-β=10°~30°.

It is preferable that there are two spiral ribbons coiled outside the main screen pipe, and the spiral directions of these two spiral ribbons are opposite; in order to ensure the smoothness of the spiral ribbon rotation, the reinforcing ribs are fixed on the sides of the spiral ribbons.

The backwashing method of the filter using the above-mentioned hydraulic dynamic backwashing device is:

1. When the backwash water flows through the columnar cylinder from bottom to top, the composite hydraulic runner rotates, and then drives the spiral ribbon stirring and scraping device to rotate through the rotating shaft;

2. When the spiral ribbon stirring and scraping device rotates, the inner side of the spiral belt scrapes the outer wall of the main screen tube to remove the filter material particles adhered to the outer wall of the main screen tube; at the same time, it stirs and mixes the backwash water to make the backwash Water cleans the outer wall of the sub-sieve tube by hydraulic cleaning to remove the filter material particles adhered to the outer wall of the sub-sieve tube; in addition, the agglomerated filter material particles are broken by stirring and mixing, so that the oil and the filter material are further separated, and the separated oil stains follow the reaction process. The flushing water is discharged from the filter through the main screen tube and sub-screen tube.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1) The composite hydraulic runner effectively recovers the remaining mechanical energy of the backwash water, drives the ribbon scraping and agitating device to rotate, strongly stirs the backwash oil-water mixture, and performs hydraulic cleaning on the screen, effectively preventing the blockage of the screen, and effectively Reduce the dead angle of the filter;

2) In the ribbon scraping and stirring device, the inner side of the ribbon continuously scrapes and washes the surface of the main screen, effectively preventing oil and quartz sand particles from clogging the gap of the main screen;

3) The drain port of the hydraulic dynamic backwashing device is located at the highest point of the tank body, which is beneficial to remove the floating oil on the top of the tank.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the filter with hydraulic dynamic backwashing device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the flange blind plate in the device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a view of A-A in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a ribbon-type scraping and stirring device.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a composite hydraulic runner.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the first hydraulic runner deployed along the circumferential direction of the hub.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described:

As shown in Figure 1: the hydraulic dynamic backwashing device of the filter includes a cylinder 4-0, a composite hydraulic runner 4-5 and a ribbon type scraping and stirring device 4-9, and the side of the cylinder 4-0 The backwash water outlet 3 of the filter is arranged on the wall, the center of the upper cover plate 4-1 of the cylinder 4-0 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 4-3 through the bearing 4-2, and the lower port of the cylinder 4-0 is welded to fix the flange blind plate 4-7, the cylinder 4-0 is flanged to the upper port 2 of the filter through the flange blind plate 4-7; as shown in Figure 2: the center of the flange blind plate 4-7 is provided with a central hole 4-7 -1, the center hole 4-7-1 is also provided with some round holes 4-7-2 equidistant from the center hole, and these round holes 4-7-2 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; as shown in Figure 3: the flange The lower end surface of the blind plate 4-7 is welded with the main screen tube 4-8 coaxial with the center hole 4-7-1 and the sub-screen tube 4-10 coaxial with the round hole 4-7-2; the main screen tube 4 The lower port of -8 fixes the bearing mechanism 4-11, the rotating shaft 4-3 cooperates with the bearing mechanism 4-11, and the outside of the main screen pipe 4-8 is provided with a spiral belt type scraping and stirring device 4-9, as shown in Figure 4 : the spiral ribbon type scraping and stirring device 4-9 includes a spiral ribbon 4-9-1 coiled outside the main screen pipe 4-8, preferably two spiral ribbons 4-9-1, these two spiral ribbons The spiral direction of 4-9-1 is opposite. In order to ensure the smoothness of the rotation of the ribbon 4-9-1, the rib 4-9-2 is fixed on the side of the ribbon 4-9-1, and the ribbon 4-9-1 The lower end of the screen is fixed on the rotating shaft 4-3, and the inner helical side of the ribbon 4-9-1 is in contact with the outer wall of the main screen pipe 4-8; the conical cylinder 4-6 is welded on the upper end of the flange blind plate 4-7 , the upper mouth of the conical cylinder 4-6 is welded to the cylindrical cylinder 4-4, the rotating shaft 4-3 is concentric with the cylindrical cylinder 4-4, and the rotating shaft 4-3 is key-connected with a composite hydraulic runner 4-5, and the composite hydraulic runner 4- 5 is located in the cylindrical tube 4-4.

As shown in Fig. 5 in conjunction with Fig. 6: the composite hydraulic runner 4-5 is composed of the first hydraulic runner 4-5-1 and the second hydraulic runner 4-5-2 connected in series, the first hydraulic runner 4 6-10 airfoil blades 4-5-4 with an angle of attack of α are evenly fixed on the outer wall of the hub 4-5-3 of -5-1 along the circumferential direction, and the second hydraulic runner 4-5-2 On the outer wall of the hub 4-5-3, 4 to 8 airfoil blades 4-5-4 with an attack angle of β are evenly fixed along the circumferential direction, wherein the attack angle α-β=10° to 30°.

The concrete operating principle of the filter that installs the backwashing device of the present invention is:

The backwash water enters the tank body 1 through the water distribution system 5 and is evenly distributed to the entire section. The quartz sand filter material expands under the action of the reverse high-speed water flow, and under the action of the shear force of the water flow and the friction force of the quartz sand particles, Most of the oil wrapped on the surface of the filter material is peeled off and flows upward with the water flow to form a backwash oil-water mixture. Part of the oil and quartz sand particles that have not been peeled off have a relatively small bulk density and will also be suspended upward with the water flow, so that the backwash oil-water mixture will be mixed with quartz sand particles coated with oil on the surface. The backwash oil-water mixture is collected through the upper main screen and sub-screen, and the quartz sand particles mixed in the mixture are trapped on the surface of the screen and increase continuously, reducing the water passing area of the screen. After the backwashing oil-water mixture enters the columnar cylinder 4-4 and does work on the composite hydraulic runner 4-5, it overflows from the upper edge of the columnar cylinder 4-4 and flows out of the tank body 1 through the water outlet 3. At the same time, the composite hydraulic runner 4-5 absorbs the remaining energy of the backwash oil-water mixture to generate radial thrust, which drives the spiral belt type stirring and scraping device 4-9 to rotate continuously, and the inner side of the spiral belt 4-9-1 faces the main screen pipe 4 -8 produces a scraping effect to prevent the quartz sand trapped on the outer surface of the main screen 4-8 from staying, and prevents the quartz sand particles from blocking the main screen 4-8. In addition, the stirring and mixing effect formed by the spiral belt 4-9-1 is divided into two parts. The screen tubes 4-10 are continuously cleaned by water to prevent the quartz sand particles from clogging the sub-screen tubes 4-10, keeping the flow area of the main screen tubes 4-8 and sub-screen tubes 4-10 unchanged, effectively avoiding the Blockage to prevent backwash pressure from happening. At the same time, the stirring and mixing effect is also conducive to the crushing of the agglomerated filter material particles, so as to realize the effective separation of oil stains and filter materials. Through the design of the hydraulic dynamic backwashing device, a new filter backwashing method without power input is formed.

Claims (5)

1. the dynamic back purge system of the waterpower of filter, comprising that cylindrical shell, compound waterpower runner and helical-ribbon type are scraped washes agitating device, it is characterized in that: the sidewall of described cylindrical shell arranges the counter-flushing liquid delivery port of filter, the upper cover plate center of cylindrical shell is fixedly connected with rotating shaft by bearing, the lower port of cylindrical shell is welded and fixed blank flange, and cylindrical shell is connected with the upper port flange of filter by this blank flange; The center of blank flange arranges centre bore, also is provided with the some circular holes equidistant with centre bore around the centre bore, and above-mentioned circular hole is along circumferentially uniform; On the lower surface of blank flange welding and the concentric main screen casing of centre bore and with circular hole concentric divide screen casing, the lower port rigid bearing mechanism of main screen casing, rotating shaft cooperates with this Bearning mechanism, the outside of main screen casing arranges helical-ribbon type and scrapes and wash agitating device, this helical-ribbon type is scraped and is washed agitating device, comprise being coiled in the outer ribbon of main screen casing, the lower end of ribbon is fixed in the rotating shaft, and the inboard spiral limit of ribbon contacts with the outer wall of main screen casing; At the upper surface of blank flange welding conical cylinder, the welding column cylinder suitable for reading of conical cylinder, rotating shaft is concentric with the column cylinder, and the rotating shaft key is connected with compound waterpower runner, and compound waterpower runner is positioned at the column cylinder.

2. the dynamic back purge system of the waterpower of filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described compound waterpower runner, be composed in series by the first waterpower runner and the second waterpower runner, be that 6 ~ 10, the angle of attack are the airfoil fan of α along circumferential evenly fixed qty on the wheel hub outer wall of the first waterpower runner, be that 4 ~ 8, the angle of attack are the airfoil fan of β along circumferential evenly fixed qty on the wheel hub outer wall of the second waterpower runner, angle of attack alpha-beta=10 ° ~ 30 ° wherein.

3. reach according to claim 1 the dynamic back purge system of waterpower of 2 described filters, it is characterized in that: the ribbon of described main screen casing outside coiling is two, and the hand of spiral of these two ribbons is opposite.

4. the dynamic back purge system of the waterpower of filter according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the fixing reinforcement in the outside of ribbon.

5. right to use requires the back-flushing method of the filter of the dynamic back purge system of 1 described waterpower to be:

(1), when backwashing water is flowed through the column cylinder from bottom to top, then the rotation of compound waterpower runner drives helical-ribbon type by rotating shaft and stirs and scrape the cleaning device rotation;

(2), helical-ribbon type stirs when scraping the cleaning device rotation, the ribbon inner side edge is swiped to main screen casing outer wall, removes the filtering material particle that main screen casing outer wall adheres to; Simultaneously backwashing water is mixed, make backwashing water carry out waterpower to a minute screen casing outer wall and clean, remove the filtering material particle that minute screen casing outer wall adheres to; In addition, the effect of mixing makes the filtering material particle of caking broken, and oil is further separated with filtrate, and the greasy dirt after the separation reaches a minute screen casing discharge filter with backwashing water through main screen casing.

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