CN103047678A - Automatic control method for preventing extinguishment and realizing ideal combustion for hearth - Google Patents
Automatic control method for preventing extinguishment and realizing ideal combustion for hearth Download PDFInfo
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- CN103047678A CN103047678A CN2012105823881A CN201210582388A CN103047678A CN 103047678 A CN103047678 A CN 103047678A CN 2012105823881 A CN2012105823881 A CN 2012105823881A CN 201210582388 A CN201210582388 A CN 201210582388A CN 103047678 A CN103047678 A CN 103047678A
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005457 Black-body radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 190
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 206010020843 Hyperthermia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000036031 hyperthermia Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种炉膛防灭火、理想化燃烧自动控制方法，包括有全炉膛控制单元，输入到全炉膛控制单元的信号至少有：输入到全炉膛控制单元的信号不少于：各层火焰中心温度信号、锅炉给定负荷信号、各个火嘴或制粉系统启、停状态信号，全炉膛控制单元内部进行自动控制运算，自动控制运算后输出的信号不少于以下项目中的一种：各层燃料量指令或燃料量修正指令、各层配风量指令或配风量修正指令、投油稳燃指令、炉膛燃烧产生的总热交换能量信号，能够自动调整锅炉燃煤量、燃烧火嘴的风量，避免炉膛内温度过高，使锅炉保持在稳燃的状态，且不会出现灭火状况，安全方便，从而实现炉膛的炉膛防灭火、理想化、低氮燃烧。
The invention discloses an automatic control method for fire protection and idealized combustion in a furnace, which includes a control unit for the entire furnace, and the signals input to the control unit for the entire furnace are at least: the signals input to the control unit for the entire furnace are not less than: the flames of each layer The central temperature signal, the given load signal of the boiler, the start and stop status signals of each burner or pulverizing system, and the automatic control operation are carried out inside the whole furnace control unit, and the output signal after the automatic control operation is not less than one of the following items: The fuel volume command or fuel volume correction command for each layer, the air distribution volume command or air distribution volume correction command for each layer, the fuel injection and stable combustion command, and the total heat exchange energy signal generated by furnace combustion can automatically adjust the coal combustion volume of the boiler and the combustion nozzle. The air volume can prevent the temperature in the furnace from being too high, keep the boiler in a state of stable combustion, and there will be no fire extinguishing situation, which is safe and convenient, so as to realize the fire prevention, ideal and low-nitrogen combustion of the furnace.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the safe combustion control method of boiler furnace, relate in particular to a kind of anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth of boiler, the autocontrol method of idealized burning.
Background technology
When artificially, automatically regulating fire coal, the air distribution of hearth combustion, form the inner localized hyperthermia of burner hearth situation, the NOx that causing burning to produce increases, and forms the uneven anoxic conditions of localized hyperthermia and air distribution, causes the water-cooling wall high-temperature sulfur corrosion; The boiler actual operating mode is the off-design operating mode often, no matter be that the variation of fuel mixture volatile matter, first temperature change, heat output of fuel changes, the import misture strength changes, the activation energy of fuel mixture changes, the quantitative change of burner air distribution, all can cause the hearth combustion operating mode; When using coal type change and causing boiler combustion status to change, flame-out phenomenon easily occurs under the underload.
Also do not have at present both at home and abroad feasible control method to realize the anti-fire extinguishing of boiler furnace, idealized burns the fuzzy control, at present domesticly to the safe Adopts measure of hearth combustion be: after monitoring stove chamber fire-extinguishing, the action of boiler safety protection system; External heat power station burning coal is stable, because changing, burning coal cause the boiler combustion status variation phenomenon not obvious, so the world is not also opened up this field, also do not realize at present the method for the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth, idealized combustion automatic control method, can automatically adjust the air quantity of boiler fired coal amount, burning nozzles, avoid excess Temperature in the burner hearth, make boiler remain on the state of steady combustion, and fire extinguishing situation, safe ready can not appear.
The present invention adopts following technical proposals: the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth, idealized combustion automatic control method, 1. the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, the position of temperature point on vertical or airflow direction of burns the fuzzy control device according to burner nozzles flame area or adjacent area of idealizing, temperature point is divided into the n layer, n 〉=1; Each layer has x measuring point, x 〉=1; X burner nozzles flame area or adjacent area temperature to individual layer are carried out functional operation, draw the combustion flame central temperature value of individual layer;
2. the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device are the numeric type control device, are the part of DCS control device or independent automaton; In the automatic control algorithm function of the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device inside full burner hearth control module is arranged; The signal that is input to full burner hearth control module is no less than: each layer flame kernel temperature signal, the given load signal of boiler, each nozzles or pulverized coal preparation system open, stop status signal;
3. have in the automatic control algorithm logic of full burner hearth control module: the combustion flame central temperature set-point arithmetic logic of each layer: the combustion flame central temperature value of each layer and the combustion flame central temperature set-point of each layer carry out automatic control algorithm logic, and the direction of control algorithm is the deviation that reduces between the combustion flame central temperature set-point of the combustion flame central temperature value of each layer and each layer automatically;
4. the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device inside carry out exporting control instruction behind the automatic control algorithm: the control instruction of output is no less than a kind of in the following items: the instruction of each layer fuel quantity or fuel quantity revision directive, the amount instruction of each layer air distribution or the revision directive of air distribution amount, throw total heat-exchange power signal that the steady combustion of oil instruction, hearth combustion produce.
Also have in the automatic control algorithm logic of full burner hearth control module: the combustion flame central temperature set-point T of each layer
NSVThe value principle arithmetic logic be: the T of each layer
NSVApproach the combustion flame central temperature set-point T of each layer
NSV: 1500 ℃ 〉=T
NSVThe minimum flame kernel temperature T of not putting out a fire of 〉=each layer
Nwr
A kind of computing in below the combustion flame central temperature set-point logical operation of each layer is adopted at least in the full burner hearth control module:
1. the assignment operation of manual mode;
2. from motion tracking actual value, unperturbed switching mode, assignment operation;
3. the automatically accurately assignment operation of compute mode;
The signal that is input to full burner hearth control module also has the combustion flame central temperature set-point T of given main vapour pressure signal, each layer
NSV:
T
NSVValue principle is: P is given main vapour pressure value; N is given load value; D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back combination;
4. the assignment operation of automatically rough compute mode:
When the control requirement was not too accurate, main vapour pressure value P substituted with given load value N, then
N is given load value, D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back combination.
Also have the combustion flame central temperature set-point correction computing of each layer in the full burner hearth control module and have a kind of in the following computing at least:
1. the difference of actual temperature and Theoretical Design temperature is to the combustion flame central temperature set-point correction computing of each layer;
2. the difference of actual evaporation and Theoretical Design evaporation capacity is to the combustion flame central temperature set-point correction computing of each layer.
Also have the combustion flame central temperature set-point correction computing of each layer in the full burner hearth control module, adopt at least a kind of in the following computing:
1. the signal that is input in the full burner hearth control module also has main atmospheric pressure deviation signal or load deviation signal, the set-point of the flame kernel temperature of the ratio of main vapour pressure deviation or load deviation direct correction burner hearth evaporator section mutually on duty;
2. the signal that is input in the full burner hearth control module also has the vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal, the set-point of the flame kernel temperature of the ratio of vapor (steam) temperature deviation direct correction upper furnace mutually on duty and superheat section;
3. the signal that is input in the full burner hearth control module also has the vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal, the ratio correction mutually on duty q of the corresponding enthalpy difference of vapor (steam) temperature deviation
g, q
gThe ratio that is boiler overheating section heat-exchange power in automatic regulating system is mutually on duty;
4. the signal that is input in the full burner hearth control module steams the evaporation capacity deviation signal in addition, the ratio correction mutually on duty q of the corresponding enthalpy difference of evaporation capacity difference
z, q
zFor the ratio of boiler evaporating section heat-exchange power in automatic regulating system mutually on duty.
The combustion flame central temperature set-point T of each layer in the automatic control algorithm logic of full burner hearth control module
NSVThe value principle arithmetic logic also have: the T that drops into the burning zone of coal dust nozzles
NSV, 900 ℃＜T
NSV
In the automatic control algorithm function of the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device inside nozzles layer control module arranged; The signal that is input to nozzles layer control module is no less than: each burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature of this layer or burner combustion flame region or adjacent area temperature), layer fuel quantity command signal; Nozzles layer control module output signal is no less than a kind of in the following items: each nozzles outlet fuel quantity regulating command of this layer, each nozzles air distribution amount correction instruction of this layer of nozzles, be/no permission is thrown oil and is surely fired instruction.
The signal that is input to nozzles layer control module also has the given temperature value of layer flame kernel, have in the automatic control algorithm logic of nozzles layer control module: to each burner nozzles flame area or adjacent area temperature and the automatic control algorithm of the given temperature value deviation of flame kernel, the direction of control algorithm is for reducing deviation automatically.
Also has single nozzles control module in the automatic control algorithm function of the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device inside; The signal that is input to single nozzles control module has at least: burner combustion flame region or adjacent area temperature signal, output signal have a kind of in the following signal at least: the regulating command of circumference air quantity, primary air velocity are regulated (demand) instruction.
Total heat-exchange power signal that the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device output hearth combustion produce, deliver to the boiler load regulon; The ratio of described gross energy computing formula mutually on duty is:
Q is that full burner hearth is mutually on duty in the ratio of automatic regulating system to the gross energy of heating surface exchange;
Q is as before being fed into the boiler load automatic regulating system;
Wherein:
Be the temperature point of n layer corresponding to pass through radiation mode mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange;
It is the temperature of radiation heating-surface corresponding to the temperature point of n layer;
The individual layer temperature spot is corresponding, and to pass through stream energy mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange:
Wherein
Be the convection current surface coefficient of heat transfer to heating surface corresponding to temperature point of n layer;
The present invention proposes the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth, idealized combustion automatic control method, by the enforcement to method, the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized automatic burner control system is automatically monitored because the hearth combustion that the working conditions change such as ature of coal cause is deteriorated, the situation of unstable combustion, automatically adjust the boiler fired coal amount, the circumference air quantity of burning nozzles, the air distribution amount, avoid boiler extinguishment, detonation, make burner hearth fuel mixture burns stable, make the boiler combustion field stable, realize low nitrogen burning, avoid burner hearth knot reef, avoid the inner localized hyperthermia of burner hearth, can make boiler remain on optimal combustion state, it is minimum that the flying dust carbon containing is dropped to, can keep the oxygen amount in optimum value, can make furnace outlet gas temperature stable, can avoid superheater, the reheater overtemperature, can reduce spray water flux, the boiler steam temperature, the boiler steam pressure is stable, can make in a word boiler at desirable fired state.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the control flow chart of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 is the control flow chart of embodiment 3;
Fig. 4 is the control flow chart of embodiment 4;
Fig. 5 is the control flow chart of embodiment 5;
Fig. 6 is the control flow chart of embodiment 6;
Fig. 7 is the control flow chart of embodiment 7;
Fig. 8 is the control flow chart of embodiment 8.
The specific embodiment
The temperature of burner hearth internal-combustion flame is directly reflecting the hearth combustion situation, and measuring stove internal combustion flame temperature mode, to adopt application number be that disclosed infrared temperature device is measured in 201110228815.1 the Chinese patent.
The present invention realizes the automatic control of the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, ideal burning by the following method:
Arrange n layer temperature point, n 〉=1 according to the hearth combustion field along the hearth combustion airflow direction; Each layer arranged X burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature (being the temperature of burner nozzles flame area or adjacent area) measuring point, x 〉=1; Temperature measuring equipment is delivered to the temperature signal of measuring the automaton of the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burning, the automatic control algorithm logic of automaton inside is carried out functional operation to x the burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature (being burner nozzles combustion flame adjacent area temperature) of individual layer, draws the flame kernel temperature value of individual layer; Automatically control algorithm is according to the flame kernel temperature given value of each layer, the flame kernel temperature given value of each layer is not less than each grate firing and burns not flame-out minimum temperature definite value, produce the content of NOx in order to reduce hearth combustion, the flame kernel temperature given value of each burning zone〉the flame kernel temperature given value of 900 ° of C and each burning zone＜1500 ° of C.Automatically regulate the fuel quantity of each layer, the flame kernel temperature that the air distribution amount makes each layer approaches, reaches the given temperature value of each layer flame kernel; Simultaneously automatic control algorithm is adjusted fuel quantity, the air distribution amount of each burning nozzles of each layer, make x the hearth combustion central lateral plane temperature (being burner nozzles flame area or adjacent area temperature) of individual layer approach, reach the given temperature value of flame kernel, the X of burning zone combustion centre's side temperature (being burner nozzles flame area or adjacent area temperature) degree directly affects the reliability of catching fire of the flammable mixture air-flow of adjacent nozzles outlet; When the flame kernel temperature of burning zone is lower than the temperature definite value of throwing the steady combustion of oil, sends and allow to throw the steady combustion of oil instruction; Do not fire the deviation output primary air flow desired signal of section length and set-point according to each combustion flame of burning zone; The given temperature value of flame kernel of burning nozzles place layer is not less than the not flame-out minimum temperature value of burning nozzles.
Some burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature (being burner nozzles flame area or adjacent area temperature) in the x of a certain burning zone of burner hearth are when being lower than the given temperature value of this layer flame kernel, the primary air velocity of automatic each nozzles of this layer of control algorithm leveling, increase the fuel quantity of the adjacent burning nozzles of corresponding temperature point, the air distribution amount of each nozzles of this layer of leveling, make some hearth combustion central lateral plane temperature (being burner nozzles flame area or adjacent area temperature) and the given temperature value deviation of flame kernel among the x of this layer less than permissible value, realize this layer harmonious combustion.
When certain one deck flame kernel temperature in the burner hearth n layer flame kernel temperature was higher than the given temperature value of this layer flame kernel, control algorithm reduced with this layer temperature point at the fuel quantity same level face, that reach the burning nozzles of the adjacent lower floor of this layer temperature point automatically.
The operation method of the given temperature value of each layer flame kernel in the autocontrol method of the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burning:
The ratio of the radiant heat exchange energy that the individual layer temperature spot is corresponding is mutually on duty:
Wherein:
Be the temperature point of n layer corresponding to pass through radiation mode mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange;
Be blackness;
Be the black body radiation constant;
The individual layer temperature spot is corresponding, and to pass through stream energy mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange:
Wherein
The ratio of total heat-exchange power that the individual layer temperature spot is corresponding is mutually on duty
=
+
(1)
During the boiler actual motion, different burners is thrown and is moved back combination D=(d
Ij), directly impact
Size.
The ratio of total heat-exchange power that hearth combustion produces is mutually on duty
Total heat-exchange power q that hearth combustion produces is as before being fed into the boiler load automatic regulating system.
The single layer radiation energy is to entering the proportionality coefficient of boiler evaporating section
, the individual layer convection energy enters the proportionality coefficient of boiler evaporating section
, the energy that enters evaporator section is large on the impact of main vapour pressure; The single layer radiation energy is to entering the proportionality coefficient of boiler overheating section
, the individual layer convection energy enters the proportionality coefficient of boiler overheating section
, the energy that enters superheat section is larger on the impact of main stripping temperature;
The corresponding position of temperature point is below the top measuring point of combustion flame and when the superheat section heating surface is following, in the automatic regulating system
,
Empirical value be:
The heat-exchange power that the heat-exchange power of accepting for heating surface corresponding to the temperature point of n layer enters evaporator section,
Under desirable operating mode:
The ratio of boiler overheating section heat-exchange power is mutually on duty in automatic regulating system
D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back combination.
In concrete auto-adjustment control computing, mutually on duty according to the evaporation energy of can calculate boiler demand in theory for constant load instruction and given main vapour pressure of boiler
With superheat section energy equivalence value
(6) wherein
Be empirical coefficient, P is the main vapour pressure value, and N is given load value.
Under the desirable operating mode:
Automatically regulate in the logic, the demand ignition temperature of obtaining the correspondence of the temperature point under the perfect condition according to equation (1) ~ (9), according to each layer temperature proximity be temperature point to fixed temperature
:
T
NSVValue principle is: the T of each layer
NSVValue approaches, 900 ℃＜T
NSV＜1500 ℃
P is the main vapour pressure value, and N is given load value, D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back combination.
Can calculate the ideal temperature set-point of n layer according to formula (10),
Participate in auto-adjustment control.
When the control requirement was not too accurate, main vapour pressure value P can substitute with given load value N, then
N is given load value, D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back combination.
Owing to factors such as heating surface cokings, the ratio of boiler evaporating section heat exchange amount is mutually on duty in the working control process
, boiler overheating section heat exchange amount ratio mutually on duty
Have deviation with theoretical value, specifically be reflected in: there is deviation in the steam flow of actual evaporation with steam flow, actual vapor (steam) temperature and the theoretic vapor (steam) temperature of in theory evaporation.
When the steam flow of evaporation reaches set-point, when there is deviation in steam temperature, the ratio correction mutually on duty of the corresponding enthalpy difference of temperature deviation
, formula (10), (11) calculate the flame kernel temperature given value of each layer automatically.
When steam temperature reaches set-point, when there is deviation in the steam flow of evaporation, the ratio correction mutually on duty of the corresponding enthalpy difference of the steam flow deviation of evaporation
, formula (10), (11) calculate the flame kernel temperature given value of each layer automatically.
Present unit load regulative mode is generally taked to decide cunning and is decided mode, it is the control mode of homophony signal that boiler adopts pressure, so boiler output load during the steam flow deviation, main gas also can deviation occur and bias direction is consistent, large-scale unit does not generally design the steam flow measuring point, can replace the steam flow deviation signal with load deviation signal or main atmospheric pressure deviation in automatically regulating yet.
When control accuracy is low:
When there is deviation in steam temperature, the set-point of the ratio of temperature deviation direct correction upper furnace flame kernel temperature mutually on duty;
When there is deviation in pressure, the set-point of the ratio of pressure divergence direct correction lower furnace portion flame kernel temperature mutually on duty;
Change or partial combustion device nozzles when stopping when ature of coal, load like this, the temperature of each layer of burner hearth just can reach or near ideal temperature, the realization low nitrogen burning avoids burner hearth inside localized hyperthermia, anoxic to occur.
Automatic control algorithm method to input signal in this method comprises automatic adjusting PID computing, fuzzy operation.
Embodiment 1
The accurate full burner hearth control module of direct adjustment type:
As shown in Figure 1: the signal that is input to full burner hearth control module has: the burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature signal of each layer flame kernel temperature signal or each layer, the given load signal of boiler, given main vapour pressure signal, each nozzles (pulverized coal preparation system) open, stop the boiler oil amount command signal of status signal, the output of boiler load regulating system, and full burner hearth control module inside is at first opened, stopped status signal to the given load signal of boiler, given main vapour pressure signal and nozzles (pulverized coal preparation system) and carries out the flame kernel temperature given value that computing calculates each nozzles layer:
T
NSVValue principle is: the T of each layer
NSVValue approaches, 900 ℃＜T
NSV＜1500 ℃
The flame kernel temperature given value of each the nozzles layer that calculates and each layer flame kernel temperature signal carry out automatic control algorithm, again the boiler oil amount of boiler load regulating system output are pressed automatic control algorithm result's pro rate to each layer; The burner hearth control module is exported the instruction of each layer fuel quantity, the instruction of each layer air distribution amount, is/the steady total heat-exchange power signal that fires instruction, hearth combustion generation of no permission throwing oil entirely; Wherein total heat-exchange power signal of hearth combustion generation is as before being fed into the boiler load automatic regulating system.
Embodiment 2
Direct adjustment type, accurate, the full burner hearth control module vapor (steam) temperature drift correction, the load deviation correction:
As shown in Figure 2: the signal that is input to full burner hearth control module has: the burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature signal of each layer flame kernel temperature signal or each layer, the given load signal of boiler, vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal, given main vapour pressure signal, actual measurement main vapour pressure signal, each nozzles (pulverized coal preparation system) open, stop status signal; Full burner hearth control module inside is at first opened, is stopped status signal to the given signal of boiler load, given main vapour pressure signal and nozzles (pulverized coal preparation system) and carries out the flame kernel temperature given value that computing calculates each nozzles layer:
T
NSVValue principle is: the T of each layer
NSVValue approaches, 900 ℃＜T
NSV＜1500 ℃
The flame kernel temperature given value of each the nozzles layer that calculates and each layer flame kernel temperature signal carry out automatic control algorithm, and the deviation of actual measurement main vapour pressure signal and given main vapour pressure value, the deviation of vapor (steam) temperature are to the T of each layer
NSVRevise; Automatic control unit is exported the instruction of each layer fuel quantity, the instruction of each layer air distribution amount, is/the steady total heat-exchange power signal that fires instruction, hearth combustion generation of no permission throwing oil; Wherein total heat-exchange power signal of hearth combustion generation is as before being fed into the boiler load automatic regulating system.
Embodiment 3
The full burner hearth control module of correction form:
As shown in Figure 3: the signal that is input to full burner hearth control module has: the burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature signal of each layer flame kernel temperature signal or each layer, the given load signal of boiler, each nozzles (pulverized coal preparation system) open, stop status signal; The flame kernel temperature given value that status signal carries out computing, calculates each nozzles layer is opened, stopped in full burner hearth control module inside at first to the given load signal of boiler, given main vapour pressure signal and nozzles (pulverized coal preparation system):
T
NSVValue principle is: the T of each layer
NSVValue approaches, 900 ℃＜T
NSV＜1500 ℃
The flame kernel temperature given value of each the nozzles layer that calculates carries out automatic control algorithm with other input signal, and automatic control unit is exported each layer fuel quantity correction instruction, each layer air distribution amount correction instruction, is/the steady total heat-exchange power signal that fires instruction, hearth combustion generation of no permission throwing oil; Wherein total heat-exchange power signal of hearth combustion generation is as before being fed into the boiler load automatic regulating system.
Embodiment 4
Proofread and correct the full burner hearth control module that main stripping temperature drift correction is arranged of pattern:
As shown in Figure 4: the signal that is input to full burner hearth control module has: the burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature signal of each layer flame kernel temperature signal or each layer, the given load signal of boiler, each nozzles (pulverized coal preparation system) open, stop status signal, vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal; The flame kernel temperature given value that status signal carries out computing, calculates each nozzles layer is opened, stopped in full burner hearth control module inside at first to the given load signal of boiler, given main vapour pressure signal and nozzles (pulverized coal preparation system):
T
NSVValue principle is: the T of each layer
NSVValue approaches, 900 ℃＜T
NSV＜1500 ℃
The flame kernel temperature given value of each the nozzles layer that calculates, the burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature signal that the vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal is revised rear and each layer flame kernel temperature signal or each layer to the flame kernel temperature given value of each layer carries out automatic control algorithm, and automatic control unit is exported each layer fuel quantity correction instruction, each layer air distribution amount correction instruction, is/the steady total heat-exchange power signal that fires instruction, hearth combustion generation of no permission throwing oil; Wherein total heat-exchange power signal of hearth combustion generation is as before being fed into the boiler load automatic regulating system.
Embodiment 5
For the full burner hearth safety of the direct adjusting form of the type of furnace of intermediate storage-type pulverized coal preparation system+layer control module
As shown in Figure 5: full burner hearth control module is accepted lower column signal: each layer flame kernel temperature signal, boiler load regulating system send the instruction of boiler oil amount, and the given load signal of boiler, given main vapour pressure signal, each nozzles open, stop status signal; Full burner hearth control module carries out automatic control algorithm to all input signals, the flame kernel temperature given value of each nozzles layer:
T
NSVValue principle is: the T of each layer
NSVValue approaches, 900 ℃＜T
NSV＜1500 ℃
Export after the full burner hearth control module computing: the instruction of each layer fuel quantity, the instruction of each layer air distribution amount, output are/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction each layer flame kernel temperature signal, total exchanged heat positive energy exchange instruction of output hearth combustion generation.
Nozzles layer control module accepted following signal: each burner combustion flame region of this layer or adjacent area temperature (burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature), this layer of each burner combustion flame does not fire the length in district, comes from layer air distribution amount command signal, layer flame kernel temperature signal, the layer fuel quantity command signal of full burner hearth control module; After nozzles layer control module carries out automatic control algorithm to these several signals, export each nozzles outlet fuel quantity regulating command of this layer, each nozzles air distribution amount regulating command of this layer of nozzles, be/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction.
Embodiment 6
For the type of furnace of intermediate storage-type pulverized coal preparation system, vapor (steam) temperature correction, main vapour pressure correction, the full burner hearth safety of flame kernel temperature correction pattern+layer control module:
As shown in Figure 6: full burner hearth control module is accepted lower column signal: each layer flame kernel temperature signal, the given load signal of boiler, each nozzles open, stop status signal, the vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal; Full burner hearth control module carries out automatic control algorithm to all input signals, the flame kernel temperature given value of each nozzles layer:
T
NSVValue principle is: the T of each layer
NSVValue approaches, 900 ℃＜T
NSV＜1500 ℃
Main vapour pressure (load) deviation signal, vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal are revised each layer temperature given value.
Full burner hearth control module output: each layer fuel quantity correction instruction, each layer air distribution amount correction instruction, output is/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction total positive energy exchange instruction of output hearth combustion generation.
Nozzles layer control module accepted following signal: the layer fuel quantity signal that the boiler load regulating system is sent, each burner combustion flame region of this layer or adjacent area temperature (burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature), this layer of each burner combustion flame does not fire the length in district, comes from layer air distribution amount command signal, the layer fuel quantity command signal of full burner hearth control module; After nozzles layer control module carried out automatic control algorithm to these several signals, the output of nozzles layer control module: each nozzles of this layer exported fuel quantity regulating command, each nozzles air distribution amount correction instruction of this layer, are/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction.
Embodiment 7
For the direct adjustment control method of the direct flame kernel temperature of the load unit pulverized-coal system type of furnace, vapor (steam) temperature correction, main vapour pressure correction form:
As shown in Figure 7: full burner hearth control module is accepted lower column signal: each layer flame kernel temperature signal (or burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature signal of each layer), the given load signal of boiler, given main vapour pressure signal, each pulverized coal preparation system opens, stops status signal, vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal, main stripping temperature deviation signal; Full burner hearth control module carries out automatic control algorithm to all input signals; The flame kernel temperature given value of each nozzles layer:
T
NSVValue principle is: the T of each layer
NSVValue approaches, 900 ℃＜T
NSV＜1500 ℃
Vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal, main vapour pressure deviation signal are revised the flame kernel temperature given value of each nozzles layer, and the flame kernel temperature given value of revised each nozzles layer and each layer flame kernel temperature signal (or burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature signal of each layer) carry out automatic control algorithm; Full burner hearth automatic control unit is exported the total heat-exchange power signal of heat exchange of the instruction of each layer fuel quantity, the instruction of each layer air distribution amount, the generation of output hearth combustion to the boiler load regulating system, and output is/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction.
Nozzles layer control module accepted following signal: each burner combustion flame region of this layer or adjacent area temperature (burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature), this layer of each burner combustion flame does not fire the length in district, comes from layer air distribution amount command signal, the grate firing material command signal of full burner hearth control module; After nozzles layer control module carries out automatic control algorithm to these several signals, export each pulverized coal preparation system fuel quantity regulating command of this layer, the regulating command of pulverized coal preparation system powder feeding air quantity to the pulverized coal preparation system regulon, export each nozzles air distribution amount regulating command of this layer.
By above measure make each burning nozzles, each layer flame, the furnace flame flameholding of burner hearth, safely, prevent that ature of coal from changing the fire extinguishing that causes.
Embodiment 8
For the direct adjustment control method of the direct flame kernel temperature of the load unit pulverized-coal system type of furnace, vapor (steam) temperature correction, load correction form:
As shown in Figure 8: adopt each layer flame kernel automatic calibration adjustment control method.
Full burner hearth control module is accepted lower column signal: each layer flame kernel temperature signal (or burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature signal of each layer), the given load signal of boiler, given main vapour pressure signal, each pulverized coal preparation system opens, stops status signal, the vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal; Complete all input signals of burner hearth control module carry out automatic control algorithm; The flame kernel temperature given value of each nozzles layer:
，
T
NSVValue principle is: the T of each layer
NSVValue approaches, 900 ℃＜T
NSV＜1500 ℃
The vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal is revised the flame kernel temperature given value of each nozzles layer, and the flame kernel temperature given value of revised each nozzles layer and each layer flame kernel temperature signal (or burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature signal of each layer) carry out automatic control algorithm; Full burner hearth automatic control unit is exported the total heat-exchange power signal of heat exchange of the instruction of each layer fuel quantity, the instruction of each layer air distribution amount, the generation of output hearth combustion to the boiler load regulating system, and output is/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction.
Nozzles layer control module accepted following signal: each burner combustion flame region of this layer or adjacent area temperature (burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature), this layer of each burner combustion flame does not fire the length in district, comes from layer air distribution amount corrective guidance command, the grate firing material corrective guidance command of full burner hearth control module; After nozzles layer control module carries out automatic control algorithm to these several signals, export each pulverized coal preparation system fuel quantity regulating command of this layer, the regulating command of pulverized coal preparation system powder feeding air quantity to the pulverized coal preparation system regulon, export the regulating command of this layer each minute air door air quantity.
Claims (10)
1. a burner hearth is prevented fire extinguishing, idealized combustion automatic control method, it is characterized in that:
1. the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device are divided into the n layer to temperature point, n 〉=1 according to the position of temperature point on vertical or airflow direction of burner nozzles flame area or adjacent area; Each layer has x measuring point, x 〉=1; X burner nozzles flame area or adjacent area temperature to individual layer are carried out functional operation, draw the combustion flame central temperature value of individual layer;
2. the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device are the numeric type control device, are the part of DCS control device or independent automaton; In the automatic control algorithm function of the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device inside full burner hearth control module is arranged; The signal that is input to full burner hearth control module is no less than: each layer flame kernel temperature signal, the given load signal of boiler, each nozzles or pulverized coal preparation system open, stop status signal;
3. have in the automatic control algorithm logic of full burner hearth control module: the combustion flame central temperature set-point arithmetic logic of each layer: the combustion flame central temperature value of each layer and the combustion flame central temperature set-point of each layer carry out automatic control algorithm logic, and the direction of control algorithm is the deviation that reduces between the combustion flame central temperature set-point of the combustion flame central temperature value of each layer and each layer automatically;
4. the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device inside carry out exporting control instruction behind the automatic control algorithm: the control instruction of output is no less than a kind of in the following items: the instruction of each layer fuel quantity or fuel quantity revision directive, the amount instruction of each layer air distribution or the revision directive of air distribution amount, throw total heat-exchange power signal that the steady combustion of oil instruction, hearth combustion produce.
2. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth as claimed in claim 1, idealized combustion automatic control method is characterized by: also have in the automatic control algorithm logic of full burner hearth control module: the combustion flame central temperature set-point T of each layer
NSVThe value principle arithmetic logic be: the T of each layer
NSVApproach the combustion flame central temperature set-point T of each layer
NSV: 1500 ℃ 〉=T
NSVThe minimum flame kernel temperature T of not putting out a fire of 〉=each layer
Nwr
3. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth as claimed in claim 2, idealized combustion automatic control method is characterized by: a kind of computing in below the combustion flame central temperature set-point logical operation of each layer is adopted at least in the full burner hearth control module:
1. the assignment operation of manual mode;
2. from motion tracking actual value, unperturbed switching mode, assignment operation;
3. the automatically accurately assignment operation of compute mode;
The signal that is input to full burner hearth control module also has the combustion flame central temperature set-point T of given main vapour pressure signal, each layer
NSV:
T
NSVValue principle is: P is given main vapour pressure value; N is given load value; D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back combination;
4. the assignment operation of automatically rough compute mode:
When the control requirement was not too accurate, main vapour pressure value P substituted with given load value N, then
N is given load value, D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back combination.
4. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth as claimed in claim 3, idealized combustion automatic control method is characterized by: also have the combustion flame central temperature set-point correction computing of each layer in the full burner hearth control module and have a kind of in the following computing at least:
1. the difference of actual temperature and Theoretical Design temperature is to the combustion flame central temperature set-point correction computing of each layer;
2. the difference of actual evaporation and Theoretical Design evaporation capacity is to the combustion flame central temperature set-point correction computing of each layer.
5. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth as claimed in claim 3, idealized combustion automatic control method is characterized by: also have the combustion flame central temperature set-point correction computing of each layer in the full burner hearth control module, adopt at least a kind of in the following computing:
1. the signal that is input in the full burner hearth control module also has main atmospheric pressure deviation signal or load deviation signal, the set-point of the flame kernel temperature of the ratio of main vapour pressure deviation or load deviation direct correction burner hearth evaporator section mutually on duty;
2. the signal that is input in the full burner hearth control module also has the vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal, the set-point of the flame kernel temperature of the ratio of vapor (steam) temperature deviation direct correction upper furnace mutually on duty and superheat section;
3. the signal that is input in the full burner hearth control module also has the vapor (steam) temperature deviation signal, the ratio correction mutually on duty q of the corresponding enthalpy difference of vapor (steam) temperature deviation
g, q
gThe ratio that is boiler overheating section heat-exchange power in automatic regulating system is mutually on duty;
4. the signal that is input in the full burner hearth control module steams the evaporation capacity deviation signal in addition, the ratio correction mutually on duty q of the corresponding enthalpy difference of evaporation capacity difference
z, q
zFor the ratio of boiler evaporating section heat-exchange power in automatic regulating system mutually on duty.
6. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth as claimed in claim 2, idealized combustion automatic control method is characterized by: the combustion flame central temperature set-point T of each layer in the automatic control algorithm logic of full burner hearth control module
NSVThe value principle arithmetic logic also have: the T that drops into the burning zone of coal dust nozzles
NSV, 900 ℃＜T
NSV
7. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth as claimed in claim 2, idealized combustion automatic control method is characterized by: in the automatic control algorithm function of the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device inside nozzles layer control module arranged; The signal that is input to nozzles layer control module is no less than: each burner hearth internal-combustion central lateral plane temperature of this layer or burner combustion flame region or adjacent area temperature), layer fuel quantity command signal; Nozzles layer control module output signal is no less than a kind of in the following items: each nozzles outlet fuel quantity regulating command of this layer, each nozzles air distribution amount correction instruction of this layer of nozzles, be/no permission is thrown oil and is surely fired instruction.
8. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth as claimed in claim 7, idealized combustion automatic control method, it is characterized by: the signal that is input to nozzles layer control module also has the given temperature value of layer flame kernel, have in the automatic control algorithm logic of nozzles layer control module: to each burner nozzles flame area or adjacent area temperature and the automatic control algorithm of the given temperature value deviation of flame kernel, the direction of control algorithm is for reducing deviation automatically.
9. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth as claimed in claim 7, idealized combustion automatic control method is characterized by: also have single nozzles control module in the automatic control algorithm function of the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, idealized burns the fuzzy control device inside; The signal that is input to single nozzles control module has at least: burner combustion flame region or adjacent area temperature signal, output signal have a kind of in the following signal at least: the regulating command of circumference air quantity, primary air velocity are regulated (demand) instruction.
10. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth as claimed in claim 2, idealized combustion automatic control method is characterized by: total heat-exchange power signal that automaton output hearth combustion produces, deliver to the boiler load regulon; The ratio of described gross energy computing formula mutually on duty is:
Q is that full burner hearth is mutually on duty in the ratio of automatic regulating system to the gross energy of heating surface exchange;
Q is as before being fed into the boiler load automatic regulating system;
Wherein:
Be the temperature point of n layer corresponding to pass through radiation mode mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange;
Be blackness;
The individual layer temperature spot is corresponding, and to pass through stream energy mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange:
Wherein
Be the heat convection empirical coefficient that is complementary with automatic regulating system;
Be the heat convection effective area corresponding to temperature point of n layer;
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| WO2017008189A1 (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2017-01-19 | 吴鹏 | Boiler temperature control method and system |
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