CN103046693A

CN103046693A - Pre-stored stress rib with composite structure and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN103046693A
Application number: CN2011103835610A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王子国; 王子良; 孙宇雁; 王文杰; 艾文虎; 王泽龙
Original assignee: 王子国
Priority date: 2011-11-28
Filing date: 2011-11-28
Publication date: 2013-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-28
Also published as: CN103046693B

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-stored stress rib with a composite structure and a manufacturing method thereof, which aims at solving the problems of the limit of the conventional pre-tensioning method and post-tensioning method pre-stressing technique and the making up of rib lying by using the pre-stressing technique. The stress rib is a tension and compression balance body formed by adhering and anchoring an outer tube with a core rod or an inner tube, a heating unit is arranged in the tension and compression balance body, and the adhesion strength of an adhesive or the strength of the core rod are controlled by the temperature rising of the heating unit. When the pre-stored stress rib with the composite structure is arranged in an objective body, the temperature is raised through the heating unit, the core rod cannot provide a support force to the outer tube, and the outer tube is thereby shrunk or elongated, so that the tension and compression balance of an original structure is broken. A pre-compression stress or a pre-tension stress is exerted to the objective body through the adhesion of the outer tube and the objective body base material, so that a new tension and compression balance body is formed through the outer tube and the objective body, i.e., the pre-stress stored in the pre-stored stress rib with the composite structure is released to the objective body so as to exert the pre-stress to the objective body.

Description

Composite construction prestore stress rib and manufacture method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to provide prestressing force to objective body, have to store prestressing force and have prestressing force and controlled the composite construction of release function prestore stress rib and manufacture method and prestressing force release tech method.

Background technology

Prestressing technique has been brought the advantage of the performances such as good durability, crack resistance, water proofing property, impact resistance to structure and member, so prestressing technique obtains using extremely widely in various engineering structuress field, the world.Its application has railroad bridge, highway, storage tank, hydraulic architecture, airfield runway, ocean structure, nuclear power plant containment shell etc. to need prestressed place.

The prestressing technique method that generally adopts at present has two kinds: pre-tensioning system and post stretching.Both common ground all are that the stress that presstressed reinforcing steel obtains after by mechanical tension is applied directly on the member, need machinery and the member while on the scene.The enforcement of pre-tensioning system needs pedestal or template, owing to pre-tensioning system straight line cloth muscle, can't reduce the principal tensile stress of beam-ends, has limited structure stress.Although the curve strand pre-tensioning system technology that adopts is arranged on the engineering, the stress performance of structure is made moderate progress, the flexibility of its curve cloth muscle is nowhere near.Post stretching needs pre-buried pipeline and ground tackle, although can come by stress distribution the path direction of arrangement prestress muscle, if but presstressed reinforcing steel path curve radian is when excessive, when tensioned prestressing bar, presstressed reinforcing steel and pipeline frictional force are excessive, loss of prestress is very large, causes prestressing force be difficult to implement, thus post stretching flexibility is not enough aspect the cloth muscle.

No matter be pre-tensioning system or post stretching, the stress of the whole bundle presstressed reinforcing steel of stretch-draw all is to wait size, therefore imposes on structure and member also equates.When at structure and member stress, change along presstressed reinforcing steel path each section stress intensity, and pre-tensioning system and post-stressed muscle can't apply prestressing force along with structure and each section of member STRESS VARIATION size, so they can not improve the stress performance of structure better.When being arranged to the complex curves such as screw type, undaform when presstressed reinforcing steel, at all cannot be with traditional pre-tensioning system and post stretching.And implementing very difficult aspect multi-direction and the large tracts of land prestressing force, need the high concrete structure of crack resistance, water proofing property, durability and anticorrosive property also to be difficult to implement in large tracts of land.

People expect solving with fiber reinforcement the problems such as crack resistance, durability and anticorrosive property of structure and member.Such as fibre reinforced composites such as fibre reinforced concrete, fiber reinforced ceramics.Yet because the low extensibility self-defect problem of concrete and pottery also is difficult to solve the brittle cracking problem even adopt such as the high strength such as carbon fiber, silicon carbide fibre, high elastic modulus inorfil.Reason is that the stress in the fiber is very little before the stressed crackings of fragile material goods such as concrete or pottery, and it does not also far reach the intensity of oneself, therefore is difficult to solve durability and the safety of structure and member without prestressed fiber.And image height intensity and the not high enough organic fiber of modulus of elasticity are difficult to solve the brittle cracking problems such as concrete or pottery more.Therefore strengthen durability and the safety that is difficult to solve structure and member without pre-stress fibre.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the limitation of pre existing stress technique, the present invention aims to provide a kind of composite construction prestore stress rib and manufacture method thereof, self can store prestressing force this stress rib, and the method can increase flexibility and the simplicity of prestressing force cloth muscle, improves better the stress performance of structure; Solution increases the toughness of fragile material without the low extensibility problem of enhancing body of pre-stress fibre or fiber bundle.Solve prestressing technique in the past and aspect multi-direction prestressing force and large tracts of land body prestressing force, implement difficult problem, improve and impel the obtaining with using widely of prestressing technique.

The present invention uses a kind of new prestressing force pattern, is can store prestressing force into a kind of composite construction stress rib that prestores.When this muscle used, as long as by removing self anchoring of this muscle, apply prestressing force just can for objective body (works or member), it was on the scene to need not mechanical tension equipment and the member while, like this objective body is applied prestressing force and seems very convenient.The tension material adopts high-strength material in this presstressed reinforcing steel, even the high-intensity organic material of low modulus, and the pressurized material adopts high strength, high modulus material.Be applied to prestressed large I in the objective body according to prestore deformation energy that stress rib stores and determine according to this power muscle quantity that joins objective body of composite construction.Its prestressed size also can apply according to the stress distribution variation of structure.The present invention can be distributed in each part in the objective body and go, so they just can become very aliquot to deformation energy and are distributed in concrete or the prestressed objective bodies of needs such as ceramic and go.By external indirectly mode the deformation energy of storage is shifted and is discharged in structure and the member and go, form prestressing force.Traditional prestressing technique is more loaded down with trivial details in two, three-dimensional and multidirectional prestress square surface construction operation, and the present invention is easier to structure and member being applied two-way, three-dimensional and multidirectional prestressing force ratio, pre-hole pipeline and ground tackle have been removed from, the inconvenience that the main equipment that having removed from needs when applying prestressing force brings.Its stress that applies uniform or gradient arranged be distributed in member and the needed various piece of structure, and need the high concrete structure of crack resistance, water proofing property, durability and anticorrosive property to be easy to implement in large tracts of land, so its enforcement that can be difficult to carry out in prior art.

The present invention at the harbour, safeguard structure, the highway engineering of subgrade and pavement, the track plates facility of high-speed railway, the underground building waterproof construction engineering of hydro-structure, supporting and the barricade such as harbour and dam, ocean and offshore engineering, large-span frame beam column.The composite construction of making by this invention prestores stress rib cloth to the concrete beam surface layer, by prestressing force, prevents concrete surface cracking, makes the corrosive substance can't the inner reinforcing bar of eating texture, ensures the durability of structure.The present invention can make plate of different nature, rod member or fiber by combination of different materials and manufacturing technology, is applied to the engineering field that much needs prestressing force to gain in strength, increase crack resistance, increase impact toughness, increase durability.

The present invention also may be used on improving its tensile strength and toughness on the high-strength and high performance pottery.Be applicable to aerospace craft, nuclear reactor wall, combustion gas turbine burner etc. and require high strength, high rigidity, element fiber high temperature resistant and the high temperature resistance thermal shock to strengthen usefulness, be applicable to fiber reinforcement usefulness in part requirement high strength, high rigidity, the high temperature resistant and shock proof structures such as gun barrel, panzer, spacecraft, cylinder of internal-combustion engine, braking equipment.

To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A kind of composite construction stress rib that prestores, it comprises outer tube and at least one core body that has at least a hole, its design feature is: described core body places the outer tube pore, one in this outer tube and the core body is the tension body, another one is for being subjected to laminate, and described outer tube and core body consist of the tension and compression balanced body by a kind of anchorage style anchor connection in binding type anchorage style, the composite cementing anchorage style.

Described binding type anchorage style refers to that in the tension and compression balanced body bonding surface that has assembly mainly is a kind of anchorage style that transmits anchored force by adhesive bond power.Described composite cementing anchorage style refers to that in the tension and compression balanced body bonding surface that has assembly is to combine with mechanical grip by bonding to transmit a kind of anchorage style of anchored force.Described bond-anchorage mode is convenient to the prestore manufacturing of stress rib of small cross sections size.Described composite cementing anchorage style has increased stability, the flexibility of assembly anchoring, is convenient to manufacturing and the prestressed release thereof of power muscle.The method that the anchoring of the above-mentioned two kinds of anchorage styles of described employing is removed adopts heater to heat up and removes anchoring, perhaps excises the anchorage zone and removes anchoring, and the prestressed release of the stress rib that then prestores seems and is easy to.But iff the power muscle that adopts a kind of mode anchoring of mechanical grip, its shortcoming is that the sectional dimension of this muscle is larger, manufactures trouble, and particularly the releasing of its anchoring seems very difficult.

In described tension and compression balanced body, be provided with the heater by the bond-anchorage intensity of cementing agent in the temperature rise control tension and compression balanced body.By heater or directly heat anchorage zone temperature in the rising tension and compression balanced body, make at least one forfeiture load ability in cementing agent, the core body, remove bond-anchorage, cause outer tube retraction or elongation, objective body is applied prestressing force.

Described outer tube and core body directly are combined anchoring and are linked to each other and consist of the tension and compression balanced body, be provided with heater in this tension and compression balanced body, and the thermal change temperature of core material are lower than the ultimate-use (limiting service) temperature of outer tube.

The end that has gap or core body between described outer tube and the core body has flexible space, is provided with cementing agent in this gap or the flexible space, and outer tube and core body consist of the tension and compression balanced body by the cementing agent anchoring.

Described outer tube and core body consist of the tension and compression balanced body by the anchoring of cementing agent pin ground tackle, and the pin in this cementing agent pin ground tackle is bonded in the outer tube end position, bears the pressure of core body.Outer tube and core body gap can add sliding agent, such as graphite powder.

Described outer tube and core body consist of the tension and compression balanced body by cementing agent cap cylinder ground tackle or the anchoring of cementing agent sleeve ground tackle, cap cylinder in this cementing agent cap cylinder ground tackle is bonded in the end of core body, bear the pressure of core body, perhaps the sleeve in the cementing agent sleeve ground tackle is bonded in the end of core body, bears the pressure of outer tube.Outer tube and core body gap can add sliding agent, such as graphite powder.

For example, take pottery as objective body, by the tension and compression balanced body that outer tube and plug adopt cementing agent pin ground tackle or the anchoring of cementing agent cap cylinder ground tackle to consist of, the anchorage zone by in the cutting tension and compression balanced body applies prestressing force to objective body.

Described outer tube is to be made of at least a in fibre reinforced composites, metal material, the ferrimagnet; Described core body is to strengthen at least a in polymer matrix composites, metal material, RPC material, the ferrimagnet by fibre reinforced composites, particle to consist of.

Described outer tube is to be put together by adhesive by at least one section of jurisdiction, and the radial tubes sheet number of plies of outer tube is one deck or is multilayer.

The ultimate-use (limiting service) temperature of described outer tube material is higher than cementing agent, core body at least one thermal change temperature among both.

Described heater is at least a in metal material, conductive carbon material, the ferrimagnet.The described heater required energy input form that generates heat can adopt electric current to pass into formula, induction or microwave heated.

Described heater is outer tube or core body, therefore, can adopt induction or microwave heated direct heating outer tube or core body, thus the bond-anchorage intensity of control tension and compression balanced body, and outer tube produces prestressing force to matrix.

Described heater is electrically connected with wire, and wire is linked to each other with power supply, can control the bond-anchorage intensity of tension and compression balanced body.

Described cementing agent by inorganic adhesive, metallic adhesive, thermal change temperature between 40 ℃ to 300 ℃ and operating temperature the macromolecule thermosetting resin more than 25 ℃ and a kind of the making in the thermoplastic resin.In order to strengthen anchoring property, described cementing agent also includes the cementing agent of expansion agent, Modification particle, Modification fiber, such as expansion agent expansive cement particle etc. is arranged, and the Modification particle has ceramic powder, silex, metal powder etc.Described macromolecule thermosetting resin and thermoplastic resin comprise their modifier.

Further, the invention provides the prestore manufacture method of stress rib of a kind of aforesaid composite construction, step is as follows:

1), injects within the outer tube fibre reinforced composites, particle enhancing polymer matrix composites, metal material or the RPC material of flow-like as core body;

2), the stretch-draw outer tube, make its stress reach design load;

3), solidify core body anchoring links to each other so that outer tube is with core body;

4), unclamp the stretch-draw of outer tube.

Further, the manufacture method that the present invention also provides another kind of aforesaid composite construction to prestore stress rib, step is as follows:

1), between outer tube and core body, adds bonding agent;

2), the stretch-draw outer tube, make its stress reach design load;

3), curing adhesive anchoring links to each other so that outer tube is with core body;

4), unclamp the stretch-draw of outer tube.

Further, in this manufacture method, before bonding agent solidifies, core body is applied precompression, by the precompressed core body, increase prestressed memory space, reduce the elastic deformation loss.

Further, the manufacture method that the present invention also provides the third aforesaid composite construction to prestore stress rib, step is as follows:

1), at least one section of jurisdiction of stretch-draw, between adjacent two sections of jurisdiction, add adhesive, between core body and section of jurisdiction, add cementing agent; The operating temperature of described adhesive is higher than the thermal change temperature of cementing agent;

2), core body is passed moulding form with the section of jurisdiction that is subjected to stretch-draw;

3), at curing area curing adhesive and the adhesive of mould anchoring links to each other so that outer tube is with core body;

4), unclamp the stretch-draw of outer tube.

For convenience of description, the present invention is called the stress rib that prestores for the time being with the composite construction stress rib that prestores.Different to objective body application of force direction according to this muscle, can be divided into two kinds: objective body is applied compressive stress have the power muscle of pre-pressing function and objective body is applied the power muscle that tensile stress has the prestretching function.

(1) has the stress rib that prestores of pre-pressing function

Form and anchorage style according to the structure of this kind power muscle, can be divided into five classes: the first kind is directly to be combined anchoring by outer tube and plug by both interfaces to consist of, and is full interface bond-anchorage, and its middle external tube is the tension body, and plug is for being subjected to laminate; Equations of The Second Kind is to be made of by the cementing agent bond-anchorage outer tube and plug, is full interface bond-anchorage, and its middle external tube is the tension body, and plug is for being subjected to laminate; The 3rd class is to be made of by a kind of ground tackle anchoring in binding type ground tackle, the bonding-mechanical grip type ground tackle outer tube and plug, is the end bond-anchorage, and its middle external tube is the tension body, and plug is for being subjected to laminate; The 4th class is to be made of by the interface adhesive bond-anchorage outer tube and inner tube, is full interface bond-anchorage, and its middle external tube is the tension body, and inner tube is for being subjected to laminate; The 5th class is to be made of by a kind of ground tackle anchoring in binding type ground tackle, the bonding-mechanical grip type ground tackle outer tube and inner tube, is the end bond-anchorage, and its middle external tube is the tension body, and inner tube is for being subjected to laminate.

The method that the stress rib prestressing force that prestores discharges has two kinds: if the tension body of this power muscle is end anchorage with being subjected to the laminate anchorage style, and expose outside the objective body in the end anchorage district.For different anchoring process, the prestressing force delivery mode can heat up to the anchorage zone and remove anchoring release prestressing force, perhaps directly wipes out the anchorage zone and removes anchoring, and perhaps the release mechanism ground tackle is removed anchoring, applies prestressing force to objective body.If the tension body of two these power muscle is the binding type anchoring with being subjected to the laminate anchorage style, and the anchorage zone is in objective body.By the temperature of rising anchoring bond agent, anchoring was lost efficacy, the tension body be subjected to the laminate pressure unbalance, cause the outer material of this muscle to shrink or elongation applies prestressing force to objective body.

The present invention discharges prestressed measure to the stress rib rising temperature that prestores.Its principle is that temperature raises and can not the functional performance of base material be impacted, and its principle is that outer tube can work under the temperature when stress release.When prestoring the stress rib anchorage zone all in the objective body body time, the method for the material rising temperature in the stress rib that prestores is had: one, in the stress rib that prestores, set up heater, utilize its intensification.If utilize induction heating, then among core body, outer tube or cementing agent, introduce ferromagnetic body as heater.If utilize electric current to pass into formula heating, with the electric conductor of the anchorage zone that is laid in the stress rib that prestores as heater.Two, in the stress rib that prestores, do not set up heater, to the direct heat temperature raising of the stress rib that prestores, bond-anchorage was lost efficacy by heat exchange pattern, discharge prestressing force; This mode is mainly for exposing end, objective body other places bond-anchorage.

In the tension and compression balanced body, the energy input feature vector that passes into formula heating, two kinds of mode of heatings of induction heating according to electric current is set up heater, so as to the bond-anchorage intensity of rising temperature control tension and compression balanced body, discharges the prestressing force of the stress rib that prestores.Energy input feature vector according to these two kinds of mode of heatings is set up heater, is explained as follows:

One, induction heating.

Electromagnetic induction heating is to utilize the Joule effect of the eddy current of inducting in electric conductivity or the permeability magnetic material that material is heated, and is the noncontact mode of heating, and electromagnetic induction is high to the ferromagnetic metal material efficiency of heating surface.The alternating magnetic field that therefore can utilize coil to produce sees through base material to being provided with the stress rib heating that prestores of ferromagnetic metal material, and the prestressing force of the stress rib that prestores is discharged.The following describes all kinds of power muscle heater set up mode:

The first kind stress rib that prestores.When outer tube was nonferromugnetic material, heater set up mode to have three kinds: 1, apply on the surface of outer tube, twine or the braiding ferromagnetic metal material as heater; 2, mandrel surface is applied ferromagnetic metal material as heater; 3, directly participating in the ferromagnetic metal material powder in plug is heater.When outer tube is ferrimagnet, directly take it as heater.

The Equations of The Second Kind stress rib that prestores.When outer tube was nonferromugnetic material, for cementing agent heating, heater set up mode to have three kinds: 1, apply, twine on the surface of outer tube or the braiding ferromagnetic metal material as heater; If 2 plugs are ferromagnetic metal materials, then with it as heater, otherwise, apply at mandrel surface, twine or the braiding ferromagnetic metal material as heater.3, directly in cementing agent filling ferromagnetic metal material powder as heater.

The 3rd class stress rib that prestores.When the cementing agent anchoring is adopted in the termination of this power muscle, to heat for cementing agent in the anchorage zone, the heater position sets up mode and the Equations of The Second Kind stress rib that prestores identical.

The 4th class stress rib that prestores.When outer tube was nonferromugnetic material, for cementing agent heating, heater set up mode to have three kinds: 1, apply, twine on the surface of outer tube or the braiding ferromagnetic metal material as heater; If 2 inner tubes are ferromagnetic metal materials, then with it as heater, otherwise, apply, twine at interior tube-surface or the braiding ferromagnetic metal material as heater; 3, directly in cementing agent filling ferromagnetic metal material powder be heater.When outer tube is ferrimagnet, directly take it as heater.

The 5th class stress rib that prestores.When the cementing agent anchoring is adopted in the termination of this power muscle, heat for cementing agent in the anchorage zone, heater sets up mode and the 4th class stress rib that prestores identical.

This mode of heating stress short fiber muscle that is well suited for prestoring can carry out pre-stress fibre to concrete and strengthen.

Two, electric current passes into the formula heating.

Electric current passes into formula heating and removes bond-anchorage, its heater being laid with in the tension and compression balanced body: with core body with electric conductivity, outer tube, cementing agent as heater; Paste at core body or the lip-deep conductive exothermal silk of outer tube as heater in modes such as twining, work out, be arranged in parallel; To be sprayed on the lip-deep conductive coating of core body or outer tube as heater.In the end that prestores stress rib, connect into path with conductor wire and heater, by plugged heater is heated.This mode heats and can be used on continuous fiber presstressed reinforcing steel and the long presstressed reinforcing steel, and its feature is that the whole piece presstressed reinforcing steel is heated simultaneously, so prestressing force will discharge simultaneously.

When in the stress rib that prestores, designing heater, owing to alive so long as electric conductor just can generate heat, therefore namely to consider the insulation between core body, outer tube and the interface adhesive, consider again temperature to the impact of base material and outer tube service behaviour, then to affect minimization principle design.Specifically set up mode as follows:

The first kind stress rib that prestores.When outer tube be not electric conductor or outside tube-surface when being coated with insulating layer coating, heater sets up mode to have two kinds: 1, twine, weave or be arranged in parallel on the surface of outer tube or plug and paste the conductive exothermal silk as heater; 2, to the surperficial coated with conductive material of outer tube; 2, for the outer tube that adopts FRP, some fiber of outer tube can be replaced to the conductive exothermal silk; 3, in plug, lay the continuous conduction heating wire as heater.When outer tube is electric conductor, can directly replace to insulation conductive exothermal silk take it as heater or with the outer tube wall surface fibre.

The Equations of The Second Kind stress rib that prestores.Set up heater at outer tube, it sets up mode to have: if 1 outer tube comprises electric conductor, and internal diameter is when being not more than 8mm, can be directly take it as heater; 2, twine the conductive exothermal silk as heater on the surface of outer tube; 3, be the FRP pipe for outer tube, the wall surface fiber is laid the conductive exothermal silk outside.Set up heater at plug, it sets up mode to have: if 1 plug is electric conductor, when diameter is not more than 5mm, directly with it as heater; If 2 power muscle adopt the FRP plug, the plug surface fibre can be replaced to the conductive exothermal silk as heater; If 3 plugs do not contain electric conductor, at its outer wall coated with conductive material, perhaps at mandrel surface establishment insulation conductive exothermal silk, perhaps the insulation conductive exothermal silk with longitudinal arrangement cements on the surface of plug, perhaps twines resistance wire as heater at plug.Set up heater at cementing agent, its set up mode be in cementing agent the filling conductive material as heater.

The 3rd class stress rib that prestores.When the cementing agent anchoring is adopted in the termination of this power muscle, heat for cementing agent in the anchorage zone, heater sets up mode to have: 1, twine the conductive exothermal silk in pin surfaces; 2, at pin surfaces coated with conductive body; 3, to be implanted in conductive filament in the pin as heater; 3, in the cementing agent of anchorage zone, lay electric conductor.

The 4th class stress rib that prestores.Heat for cementing agent.Set up heater at outer tube, it sets up mode to have: if 1 outer tube contains electric conductor, and internal diameter is when being not more than 5mm, can be directly take it as heater; If 2 outer tubes are the FRP pipe, some fiber of outer tube wall can be replaced to the conductive exothermal silk.Set up on inner pipe heater, it sets up mode to have: if 1 inner tube is electric conductor, when external diameter is not more than 5mm, directly with it as heater; If 2 power muscle adopt the FRP inner tube, the inner tube surface fibre can be replaced to the conductive exothermal silk as heater; If 3 inner tubes do not contain electric conductor, at its external surface coated with conductive material, perhaps at inner tube outer surface establishment insulation conductive exothermal silk, perhaps the insulation conductive exothermal silk with longitudinal arrangement cements on the external surface of inner tube, perhaps twines on inner pipe resistance wire as heater.In cementing agent, set up heater, its set up mode be in cementing agent the filling conductive material as heater.

The 5th class the setting up of stress rib heater that prestore is identical with the 3rd class.

More than in the design of all kinds of power muscle heaters, in the stress rib structure that prestores, contain a kind of heater, can control the stress release of presstressed reinforcing steel.The calandria conductive material has: wire and the carbon fibers such as iron wire, copper wire.

During the selection of heater, reduce heater at the volume ratio of stress rib that prestores in above-mentioned two kinds of mode of heatings as far as possible, to reduce other member is caused harmful effect.Be to prestore the stress rib temperature rise and thermal expansion will cause excessive compressive stress to base material if the stress rib temperature rise that prestores is too high with paying special attention to, and cause the cracking destruction of base material.Therefore heater is selected as far as possible for mandrel surface or the cementing agent of outer tube wall contact, and reducing calorific value, the reduce stress rib temperature rise that prestores can be had place to show one's prowess the stress rib that prestores.So heater concentrates between outer tube wall endosexine and the mandrel outer top layer, perhaps in cementing agent as far as possible.

As the outer tube that the stress rib structure that prestores forms, different materials just with different autofrettages, effectively make up by setting up with above-mentioned each mode of heating of heater.The following describes the formation kind of outer tube:

1, adopts the metal material of homogeneous when outer tube, such as carbon steel, alloy steel etc., by manufacturing process, make high-strength fine steel tube.Can also be by the amalgamation method, the high tensile steel wire pultrusion is become the section of jurisdiction, but on the core of the demoulding or directly take plug or inner tube as core, pultrusion pieces together outer tube, amalgamation seam adopts resistant to elevated temperatures cementing agent bonding, and the amalgamation steel wire can also be twisted spiral and pieced together outer tube.The piece agent can adopt the resins such as epoxy resin, phenolic resins as the amalgamation agent.

2, when outer tube adopts the FRP material, take concrete as objective body, the fortifying fibre of outer tube can be selected at least a in the inorganic reinforcing fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, ceramic fibre (SiC, Si3N4, B, Al2O3), basalt fibre, asbestos fiber, the wherein high molecular polymers such as shaping medium Material selection high-performance epoxy resin, High Performance Phenolic Resins.And for outer effective fiber reinforcement organic fiber, as long as the organic fiber that also can work under the temperature when the stress rib prestressing force that prestores discharges all can be selected.The fortifying fibre of outer tube can be selected at least a in the organic reinforced fibers such as aramid fiber, vinal, and wherein the shaping medium material can select the resins such as polyamide, epoxy resin, phenolic resins as medium.Two class fortifying fibres can become straight pencil, establishment shape or twisting helical form by cloth on core, soak in medium, squeeze to draw to be solidified into pipe.Each Filled Dielectrics material can adopt the particulates such as calcium carbonate, kaolin, gibbsite, quartz powder.Such pipe can also be by the amalgamation method, but with the section of jurisdiction of moulding on the core of the demoulding or directly take core body as core, pultrusion pieces together the FRP outer tube, the amalgamation seam adopts resistant to elevated temperatures cementing agent bonding.When the amalgamation outer tube, the section of jurisdiction can also piece together outer tube by spiral wring on core.

3, when outer tube adopts the FRP material, presstressed reinforcing steel take pottery as objective body, because its forming temperature is very high, and the working limit temperature of organic fiber is lower, be not suitable for being applied in the pottery and work, therefore outer tube can be selected at least a in the inorfils such as carbon fiber, metallic fiber, ceramic fibre (SiC, Si3N4, B, Al2O3), asbestos fiber, basalt fibre, at least a dielectric materials such as shaping medium material selection polyvinyl alcohol, poly-carbonyl silane, phenolic resins, carborundum, alumina.This fortifying fibre can become straight pencil, establishment shape or twisting helical form by cloth on core, in medium, soaks into, and formed by extrusion and tension, hot setting becomes pipe after the demoulding.

As the plug that the stress rib structure that prestores forms, different materials just with different autofrettages, effectively make up by setting up with above-mentioned each mode of heating of heater.The following describes the formation kind of plug:

1, adopts the metal material of homogeneous when plug, can adopt high tensile steel wire.

2, plug adopts particle or fibre-reinforced polymer matrix composites or employing RPC material, and take concrete as objective body, particle can adopt the particulates such as calcium carbonate, kaolin, gibbsite, quartz powder, comminuted steel shot.

3, when plug adopts the FRP material, take concrete as objective body, the fortifying fibre of plug can be selected at least a in the inorganic reinforcing fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, ceramic fibre (SiC, Si3N4, B, Al2O3), basalt fibre, asbestos fiber, the wherein high molecular polymers such as shaping medium Material selection polyamide, polyvinyl resin, epoxy resin.The fortifying fibre of plug can be selected at least a in the organic reinforced fibers such as aramid fiber, polyethylene fibre, vinal, and wherein the shaping medium material can select the resins such as polyamide, polyvinyl resin, epoxy resin as medium.Stress rib is the power muscle with pre-pressing function because originally prestore, and then the plug fortifying fibre needs cloth to become straight pencil, and soaks in medium, squeezes to draw to be solidified into rod.Each Filled Dielectrics material can adopt the particulates such as calcium carbonate, kaolin, gibbsite, quartz powder.

4, when plug adopts the FRP material, presstressed reinforcing steel take pottery as objective body, plug can be selected at least a in the inorfils such as carbon fiber, metallic fiber, ceramic fibre (SiC, Si3N4, B, Al2O3), asbestos fiber, basalt fibre, at least a dielectric materials such as shaping medium material selection polyvinyl alcohol, poly-carbonyl silane, phenolic resins, carborundum, alumina.Plug is pressurized in the stress rib that prestores, and then the fortifying fibre in the plug needs cloth to become straight pencil, in medium, soak into, and formed by extrusion and tension, hot setting becomes rod after the demoulding.

As the inner tube that the stress rib structure that prestores forms, different materials just with different autofrettages, effectively make up by setting up with above-mentioned each mode of heating of heater.The following describes the formation kind of inner tube:

1, the metal material that adopts homogeneous when inner tube is as the outer tube autofrettage, but adopts straight bundle formula to piece together pipe when the steel wire amalgamation, because inner tube here is pressurized.The piece agent can adopt the resins such as polyamide, polyvinyl resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resins as the amalgamation agent.

2, when inner tube adopts the FRP material, take concrete as objective body, the same outer tube of its method, but fortifying fibre can need cloth to become straight pencil at core.When amalgamation, also should directly restraint and piece together inner tube.

3, when inner tube adopts the FRP material, the presstressed reinforcing steel take pottery as objective body, the same outer tube of its method, but this fortifying fibre can need cloth to become straight pencil at core.

The outer tube of various types of materials described above effectively is combined to form the stress rib that prestores with core body in the situation that the thermal change temperature can work.

The anchoring cementing agent of outer tube and plug or inner tube, during take concrete as objective body, cementing agent can adopt macromolecule thermosetting resin, thermoplastic resin, and its thermal change temperature is between 40 ℃ to 300 ℃, and operating temperature should be more than 25 ℃.Such as unsaturated polyester (UP), epoxy resin, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, phenolic resins and their modifier thereof.Also can adopt inorganic binder and metallic cementing agent during end anchorage.During take pottery as objective body, cementing agent can adopt inorganic binder and metallic cementing agent.Such as the phosphate inorganic adhesive.

The profile of stress rib of prestoring can be plate, piece, pipe, post, abnormity, hollow, the honeycomb shape of random geometry.The cross section type can be polygon, circle, annular, ellipse, abnormity.Its size can be made into rod member, the plate of large-size, can be made into the fiber of reduced size.The surface of outer tube, plug and inner tube can be processed through special, is uneven state, improves adhesion stress, frictional force and the mechanical snap power of each layer of interface.

Below prestore structure manufacturing and the stress release method of stress rib of five classes described.Provide first setting: preference temperature refers to the temperature that objective body, outer tube, core body and cementing agent can both work; When the thermal change temperature refers to that temperature rises to certain value, the strength loss of cementing agent or core body, the anchoring of the stress rib body that prestores was lost efficacy, the temperature when its prestressing force obtains discharging.Temperature such as cementing agent or core body reaches heat distortion temperature, vitrification point or melt temperature.

The stress rib manufacture method that prestores for first kind structure composition: uncured flow-like mandrel material is injected in the outer tube; Perhaps the plug with moulding penetrates outer tube, to the plug thermoplastic.Stretch-draw outer tube before plug is uncured after it reaches the tensile stress value of design, solidifies plug, and plug reaches intensity, and both interfaces are in conjunction with also reaching shear strength.Unclamp by the outer tube of stretch-draw, then outer tube bounces back, and plug then pressurized shrinks, and after the balance, finishes the stress rib force structure manufacturing that prestores.

The prestressing force of stress rib of prestoring discharges: will make the stress rib that prestores of getting well and be distributed in the objective body, after member reaches design strength, utilize mandril strength to the sensitiveness of temperature, temperature by the calandria rising plug set up, reach the thermal change temperature that it loses intensity, plug can not holding capacity, the outer tube retraction, therefore can only replace plug to bear pressure by the base material of being combined with the external surface of outer tube, namely objective body be applied compressive pre-stress.

The manufacture method of the stress rib that prestores that forms for the Equations of The Second Kind structure: under preference temperature, with the liquid cementing agent of plug dip-coating, to outer tube fill liquid shape cementing agent, also can directly cementing agent be injected between plug and outer tube space, then plug is penetrated in the outer tube.Cementing agent uncured before the stretch-draw outer tube, reach the tensile stress value of design until outer tube after, cured binders.Unclamp by the outer tube of stretch-draw, then outer tube bounces back, and the plug pressurized shrinks.After the balance, finish the stress rib force structure manufacturing that prestores.This autofrettage can be compressed the plug that penetrates outer tube in advance, and after outer tube and plug reached respectively the tensile stress and value of compressive stress of design, cured binders unclamped outer tube and plug again, finishes the stress rib force structure manufacturing that prestores.

If cementing agent adopts epoxy resin, its manufacture method such as same as above, just cementing agent is under the thermal change temperature environment, and cementing agent is in flow-like.Then carry out above-mentioned operation, after outer tube stretch-draw reaches design, cementing agent is cooled off the preference temperature recovery strength, make the stress rib that prestores.If adopt compression plug operation, its method is the same.

This stress rib that prestores also can adopt the manufacturing of amalgamation method, and its manufacture is as embodiment amalgamation method.

The prestressed release of the stress rib that prestores: will make the good stress rib that prestores and be distributed in the prestressed objective body of needs, and after member reaches design strength, utilize the heater of setting up that cementing agent is heated up.In the heat temperature raising process, adhesion stress reduces gradually along with the strength decreased of cementing agent, and outer tube slowly produces relative slippage with plug, the outer tube retraction, and the plug elongation, base material is then by shrinking with outer tube interfacial adhesion pressurized.In this course, the tension and compression balanced body that outer tube and plug consist of is transformed into the balanced body that is made of outer tube and base material gradually.When reaching cementing agent and substantially lose adhesion stress, when namely reaching the thermal change temperature, the slip of outer tube and plug tends towards stability.Outer tube and base material build up a new tension and compression balanced body, finish prestressed release.This process also is the pressure that base material is accepted plug gradually and shifted, and become to be subjected to laminate, and outer tube remains the tension body.

The stress rib that prestores for the 3rd class formation composition.The mode of this presstressed reinforcing steel end anchorage has: one, termination bond-anchorage; Two, termination extrusion friction mechanical anchor; Three, above both combination anchors; Four, termination screw quarter butt anchoring.

This stress rib manufacture method that prestores is: method one, plug is penetrated outer tube, inject a certain amount of cementing agent to the gap of outer tube and core rod end, the stretch-draw outer tube reaches default stress value, and keeps this stress value.After the to be bonded dose of curing, manufacturing is finished in the stretch-draw of unclamping outer tube.Method two, plug is penetrated outer tube, inject a certain amount of cementing agent to the gap of outer tube and core rod end, the stretch-draw outer tube, the compression plug reaches default stress value, and keeps this stress value.After the to be bonded dose of curing, unclamp outer tube and plug, finish manufacturing.Method three, plug is penetrated outer tube, the stretch-draw outer tube reaches default stress value, and keeps this stress value.Tube end is filled in the pin that is soaked with cementing agent outside, to be bonded dose of curing, and manufacturing is finished in the stretch-draw of unclamping outer tube.Method four, plug is penetrated outer tube, the stretch-draw outer tube, the compression plug, both reach default stress value, and after keeping this stress value, tube end is filled in the pin that is soaked with cementing agent outside, and outer tube and plug are unclamped in to be bonded dose of curing, finish the structure manufacturing.Method five, in advance outer tube opening is processed into nut, plug is penetrated outer tube, the stretch-draw outer tube reaches default stress value, and keeps this stress value.With lead screw as the outer mouth of pipe anchoring plug of pin precession after, its structure manufacturing is finished in the stretch-draw of unclamping outer tube.

The prestressed release of the stress rib that prestores: the termination of stress rib after member reaches design strength, utilizes heater to the intensification of cementing agent in objective body if this prestores, and makes cementing agent reach the thermal change temperature, and prestressing force is discharged to objective body.The termination of stress rib after member reaches design strength, cuts out anchored end with the machinery mode of cutting off and discharges prestressing force outside objective body if this prestores, and perhaps being heated up to soften in the anchorage zone, termination discharges prestressing force.

The stress rib that prestores for the 4th class formation composition.This class prestores stress rib employing anchoring temporarily plug as stretching force muscle precompressed inner tube, reduces the elastical retraction of outer tube.Its manufacture method is as follows: at first utilize the power muscle that inner tube is carried out precompressed.Power muscle anchorage style after the stretch-draw adopts termination cementing agent anchoring.Stretch-draw has penetrated the power muscle of inner tube, reaches default stress value, then the two ends of power muscle is anchored at the two ends of inner tube, finishes the precompressed to inner tube.For penetrating again in the outer tube after the first precompressed inner tube, carry out again the precompressed inner tube after still penetrating first in the outer tube.Its sequencing not the influence power muscle to the effect of inner tube precompressed.

The manufacture of such stress rib that prestores: under preference temperature, will be installed with the liquid cementing agent of external surface dip-coating of the inner tube of power muscle, to outer tube filling liquid shape cementing agent, the inner tube that then will be installed with the power muscle penetrates in the outer tube; Perhaps directly will annotate cementing agent is injected in inner tube and the outer ligament.Pretensioning power muscle, reach stress value after, in the anchoring of inner tube two ends, finish the precompressed to inner tube, then the stretch-draw outer tube.Reach the tensile stress value of design until outer tube after, solidify the cementing agent between inner tube and the outer tube.Then unclamp by the outer tube of stretch-draw, remove the anchoring of power muscle and inner tube, withdrawal force muscle in the inner tube is finished the stress rib force structure manufacturing that prestores.

If cementing agent adopts epoxy resin, its manufacture method is as the manufacture method of the above-mentioned stress rib that prestores, and just its manufacturing environment temperature is the temperature of cementing agent when being in fluid state, but environment temperature is when being cooled to preference temperature, cementing agent just solidifies anchoring outer tube and inner tube, and other operation is the same.

It is identical with the prestore prestressing force release of stress rib of Equations of The Second Kind that the prestressing force of such stress rib that prestores discharges.

For the stress rib that prestores that the 5th class formation forms, the precompressed of its inner tube and its autofrettage are described as the 4th class power muscle, just carry out filling adhesive at outer tube and inner tube tip-clearance, and outer tube and inner tube are carried out anchoring, and other method for making and the 4th class muscle are roughly the same.

More than the five classes stress rib that prestores, after prestressing force discharged, heater no longer generated heat, when the stress rib that prestores was cooled to preference temperature, the anchoring of core and outer tube recovered, core just participates in tension together together with outer tube, thereby can not cause the waste of material.If it need to be twisted into the stress rib twisted wire that prestores, its diameter dimension should be controlled in the 10mm scope.Heater set up any establishing method that adopts in the above-mentioned mode of heating.

(2) has the stress rib that prestores of prestretching function

Form and anchorage style according to the structure of this kind power muscle, can be divided into four classes: the first kind is directly to be combined anchoring by outer tube and plug by both interfaces to consist of, and is full interface anchoring, and its middle external tube is for being subjected to laminate, and plug is the tension body; Equations of The Second Kind is to be made of by the cementing agent bond-anchorage outer tube and plug, is full interface anchoring, and its middle external tube is for being subjected to laminate, and plug is the tension body; The 3rd class is to be made of by termination bond-anchorage or mechanical anchor outer tube and plug, is the anchoring of part interface, and its middle external tube is for being subjected to laminate, and plug is the tension body; The 4th class is to be made of by the interface adhesive bond-anchorage outer tube and inner tube, is full interface anchoring, and its middle external tube is for being subjected to laminate, and inner tube is the tension body.

Ensuing explanation has the stress rib that prestores of compressive stress function.Below only Equations of The Second Kind and the most effective stress rib structure making process that prestores of the 3rd class two classes are described:

The Equations of The Second Kind stress rib manufacture method that prestores is: under preference temperature, with the liquid cementing agent of plug dip-coating, to outer tube filling liquid shape cementing agent, then plug is penetrated in the outer tube.The stretch-draw plug, the precompressed outer tube, reach the stress value of design until both after, cured binders.Then unclamp plug and outer tube, the plug that cutting is unnecessary is finished the structure manufacturing of this muscle.

The 3rd class stress rib manufacture method that prestores is: method one, plug penetrated outer tube, injects a certain amount of cementing agent to the gap of outer tube and core rod end, and the stretch-draw plug, the compression outer tube reaches default stress value, and keeps this stress value.After the to be bonded dose of curing, unclamp outer tube and plug, finish manufacturing.Method two, plug is penetrated outer tube, and put in advance anchorage drum at the plug two ends, the stretch-draw plug reaches default stress value, and keeps this stress value.Anchorage drum is withstood and the precompressed outer tube, coat in the gap of anchorage drum and plug or inject cementing agent, outer tube and plug are unclamped in cured binders formation end anchorage, and the plug that cutting is unnecessary is finished its structure manufacturing.

The above-described two classes stress rib that prestores, if it need to be twisted into the stress rib twisted wire that prestores, its diameter dimension should be controlled in the 10mm scope.Heater set up any establishing method that adopts in the above-mentioned mode of heating.

The anchorage style of the above-described all kinds of stress ribs that prestore can make up mutually, strengthens anchoring property.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is deployed to objective body (structure or member) when inner, temperature by heater rising cementing agent, when reaching the thermal change temperature, the cementing agent lost strength loses adhesion stress, break original tension and compression balance, cause outer tube to shrink or elongation, adhesion stress by outer tube and objective body base material applies compressive pre-stress or pre-tensile stress to objective body, make outer tube and objective body form a new tension and compression balanced body, namely the composite construction stored prestressing force of stress rib that prestores is discharged in the objective body.

The present invention has increased flexibility and the simplicity of prestressing force cloth muscle, has improved better the stress performance of structure; Solve the low extensibility problem of enhancing body without pre-stress fibre or fiber bundle, increased the toughness of fragile material.Solve in the past prestressing technique and aspect multi-direction prestressing force and large tracts of land body prestressing force, implemented difficult problem, improved and impelled the obtaining with using widely of prestressing technique, mainly be applicable to the objective body of bonding, prestressing with bond, its application has the fragile materials such as concrete, pottery.

The present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Description of drawings

Among following Fig. 4 to Figure 12, because heater sets up mode a lot, heater is not laid and is shown in the drawings, just the force structure of the stress rib that prestores is shown.Figure 20 A to Figure 25 then shows than the stress rib that more completely prestores.

Fig. 1 is the sectional drawing of stress rib outer tube of prestoring, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing of stress rib plug of prestoring, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing of stress rib inner tube of prestoring, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Fig. 4 is the first kind with pre-pressing function stress rib force structure sectional drawing that prestores, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Fig. 5 is Equations of The Second Kind with pre-pressing function stress rib force structure sectional drawing that prestores, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B are the 3rd class with pre-pressing function stress rib force structure sectional drawings that prestores, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Fig. 7 is the 4th class with pre-pressing function stress rib force structure sectional drawing that prestores, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B are the 5th class with pre-pressing function stress rib force structure sectional drawings that prestores, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Fig. 9 is Equations of The Second Kind with the prestretching function stress rib force structure sectional drawing that prestores, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

The 3rd class that Figure 10 has the prestretching function stress rib force structure sectional drawing that prestores, axial section centered by a wherein, b is the radial section figure of a;

Figure 11 is the continuous long stress rib force structure sectional drawing that prestores of Equations of The Second Kind in flexible space, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Figure 12 is the continuous long stress rib force structure sectional drawing that prestores of the 4th class in flexible space, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Figure 13 is the presstressed reinforcing steel sectional view that outer tube is put together by the polylith section of jurisdiction, and wherein a is the amalgamation schematic diagram of three arc sections of jurisdiction, and b is the amalgamation schematic diagram of six straight plate sections of jurisdiction;

A among Figure 14 is the radial section figure of fibre reinforced composites plug, and the b among Figure 14 is the radial section figure of fibre reinforced composites outer tube or inner tube;

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the manufacture method of fiber beam tube and fiber bundle plug;

Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of the presstressed reinforcing steel manufacture method of the controlled storage of each section stress value;

Figure 17 is the schematic diagram that two sections of jurisdiction piece together the presstressed reinforcing steel manufacture method of pipe;

Figure 18 is the prestore manufacturing process schematic diagram of stress rib of Equations of The Second Kind;

Figure 19 is the prestore manufacturing process schematic diagram of stress rib of the 4th class;

Figure 20 A is the ground tackle anchoring of cementing agent pin and the stress rib sectional drawing that prestores of reserving flexible space, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Figure 20 B is the stress rib sectional drawing that prestores of the anchoring of cementing agent pin ground tackle, outer tube end cementation casing, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Figure 20 C is the stress rib sectional drawing that prestores of the anchoring of cementing agent ground tackle, outer tube end cementation casing, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Figure 21 A is the Equations of The Second Kind that has pre-pressing function, lay the conductive exothermal silk, the reserve flexible space stress rib sectional drawing that prestores, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a,

Figure 21 B be have pre-pressing function, lay conductive filament, the Equations of The Second Kind of outer tube end cementation casing prestores the stress rib sectional drawing, axial section centered by a wherein, b is the radial section figure of a;

Figure 22 A is that to have pre-pressing function, plug be heater, the Equations of The Second Kind of the reserving flexible space stress rib sectional drawing that prestores, axial section centered by a wherein, and b is the radial section figure of a;

Figure 22 B is the elongated stress rib sectional drawing that prestores of Equations of The Second Kind that has pre-pressing function, steel core bar heater and introduce casing;

Figure 23 is the Equations of The Second Kind that has pre-pressing function, steel core bar heater and the scribble foams stress short fiber sectional drawing that prestores;

Figure 24 is that the composite construction of the cementing agent filling anchoring stress rib Manufacture and application schematic diagram that prestores is adopted in the outer tube end;

Figure 25 is that the composite construction of the cementing agent cap cylinder ground tackle anchoring stress rib constructional drawing that prestores is adopted in the outer tube end, and wherein a is half-sectional view, and b is the schematic perspective view of cap cylinder.

In the drawings

The 1-fiber; The 2-medium; The 3-outer tube; The 4-plug; The 5-cementing agent; The 6-space of stretching;

The 7-inner tube; 8-inner tube hollow part; The 9-sleeve; 10-outer tube and plug gap; The 11-section of jurisdiction;

12-amalgamation seam; The 13-pin; The perforate of 14-pin; 15-conductive exothermal silk; The 20-casing; The 21-binder;

The 22-wire; The 24-sealing compound; The 25-foams, 26-foams matrix; The 27-pore; The 28-sealing sheet;

29-cap cylinder.

The specific embodiment

Shown in Fig. 1～3, its middle external tube 3, plug 4, the shaped cross shape of inner tube 7 can also be the arbitrary shapes such as polygon, ellipse, abnormity, its surperficial convex-concave shape does not show in the drawings.Plug 4 and inner tube 7 can be to strengthen at least a in polymer matrix composites, homogeneous metal material, the RPC material by fibre reinforced composites, particle to consist of.Outer tube 3 can be to be made of at least a in fibre reinforced composites, the homogeneous metal material.In order to strengthen the adhesion that prestores between stress rib and the base material, can along power muscle length direction, make outer tube outer surface roughening or carry out the mechanically deform processing.In the constant situation in footpath, its surfaces externally and internally can be light, impression, distortion, corrugated, spiral, twisted shape, end increase shape or other ground tackle shape within the outer tube.And the end increases the stretch-draw that the outer tube of shape also is very beneficial for outer tube.

As shown in Figure 4, outer tube 3 is that direct adhesion anchoring by both becomes the tension and compression balanced body with plug 4.Its middle external tube 3 tensions, plug 4 pressurizeds.The effect in flexible space 6 is when prestressing force discharges, and leaves elongate space for pressurized plug 4, and is unlikely to the elongation top to base material, hinders prestressed release.If this structure is not reserved flexible space 6, can put at two ends casing 20 (expression being arranged at Figure 20 A), the function that replaces flexible space 6 to have, the connector lug that it can protection muscle end simultaneously.If during the internal diameter of outer tube 3≤5mm, at an end or the two ends of the stress rib that prestores, can adopt casing 20 to replace flexible space 6.And being laid among this figure of heater do not show.Prestressed release is to utilize the heater of laying to plug 4 heating release prestressing force.Inner surface belt screw thread or the machining deformation of casing 20, the end outer surface of outer tube 3 is processed into screw thread, casing 20 can be turned round as nut that form machinery in outer tube 3 ends fixing; Can also inject cementing agent in both gaps strengthens fixing.

As shown in Figure 5, outer tube 3 is to become the tension and compression balanced body by cementing agent 5 full interfacial adhesion anchorings with plug 4.Its middle external tube 3 tensions, plug 4 pressurizeds.Reserve flexible space 6 and casing 20 situations with above-mentioned consistent.And being laid among this figure of heater do not show.Prestressed release is to utilize the heater of laying to cementing agent 5 heating release prestressing force.

Shown in Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B, in Fig. 6 A, form the tension and compression balanced body by 5 pairs of outer tubes of cementing agent 3 and the bonding anchoring in the end of plug 4.Reserve flexible space 6 and casing 20 situations with above-mentioned consistent.If expose in the objective body anchorage zone, it is to utilize heater to be heated up in the anchorage zone that the releasing end anchorage discharges prestressed mode.If expose outside the objective body anchorage zone, the mode of removing end anchorage is that anchorage zone intensification or machinery are cut off.In Fig. 6 B, by cementing agent 5 in the end bonding outer tube 3 and pin 13, pin 13 bears the extruding force of plug 4, makes outer tube 3 and plug 4 form the tension and compression balanced body, can apply compressive pre-stress to objective body.Pin perforate 14 effect is to prevent that cementing agent is extruded, and gushes in advance the shared volumes of gas of pin 13, because in manufacture process, when the pin 13 that scribbles cementing agent 5 is filled in outer tube 3, cementing agent 5 is flowable state, is easy to be extruded, so perforate in pin 13.If but cotter diameter does not just need out bleeder port when very little.Being laid among this figure of heater do not show on the pin 13.Reserve flexible space 6 and casing 20 situations with above-mentioned consistent.If expose in the objective body anchorage zone, it is to utilize heater to be heated up in the anchorage zone that the releasing end anchorage discharges prestressed mode.If expose outside the objective body anchorage zone, the mode of removing end anchorage is that anchorage zone intensification or machinery are cut off.

As shown in Figure 7, the outer tube 3 of this structural capacity muscle becomes the tension and compression balanced body with inner tube 7 by cementing agent 5 full interfacial adhesion anchorings.Its middle external tube 3 tensions, inner tube 7 pressurizeds.Reserve flexible space 6 and casing 20 situations with above-mentioned consistent.

Shown in Fig. 8 A, utilize cementing agent 5 in the end bonding anchoring outer tube 3 and inner tube 7, form the tension and compression balanced body.Reserve flexible space 6 and casing 20 situations with above-mentioned consistent.The anchorage zone disarmed mode is described with Fig. 6 A.

Shown in Fig. 8 B, by cementing agent 5 in its end bonding outer tube 3 and pin 13, pin 13 bears the extruding force of inner tube 7, makes outer tube 3 and inner tube 7 form the tension and compression balanced body.Reserve flexible space 6 and casing 20 situations with above-mentioned consistent.The anchorage zone disarmed mode is described with Fig. 6 B.

As shown in Figure 9, outer tube 3 is to become the tension and compression balanced body by cementing agent 5 full interfacial adhesion anchorings with plug 4.Its middle external tube 3 is for being subjected to laminate, and plug 4 is the tension body.If adopt the resistance heated mode to discharge prestressing force, then adopt the wiring of casing 20 protection ends at an end or the two ends of power muscle.Prestressed release utilizes the heater heating mode to discharge.

As shown in figure 10, utilize cementing agent 5 with the sleeve 9 bonding ends that are anchored at plug 4, anchoring outer tube 3 and plug 4 form the tension and compression balanced body.If the anchorage zone is in objective body, it is to utilize heater to be heated up in the anchorage zone that the releasing end anchorage discharges prestressed mode.If expose outside the objective body anchorage zone, the mode of removing end anchorage is that anchorage zone intensification or machinery are cut off.Adopt the situation of casing 20 described with Fig. 9.

As shown in figure 11, when presstressed reinforcing steel was very long, plug 3 elongation displacements were very large, if only satisfy the displacement of termination plug by flexible space, two ends or employing casing 20, then it needs long length.When prestressing force discharged, plug 4 displacement slippages were very large, particularly plug 4 ends.Therefore in order to reduce the displacement of plug 4 terminations, with plug 4 sections of being divided into, reserve corresponding flexible space between section and the section.

As shown in figure 12, Figure 12 is identical with Figure 11 situation, just the plug of Fig. 6 is changed into inner tube 7.

As shown in figure 14, circular ring section FRP (fibre reinforced composites) outer tube that described outer tube 3 or inner tube 7 are made of fiber and medium, plug 4 is the circular cross-section FRP plugs that are made of fiber and medium, and inner tube 7 is the circular ring section FRP inner tubes that are made of fiber and medium.Wherein 1 is the fiber that is made of the x composition, the 2nd, and the medium that is consisted of by the y composition.The three can be made of fiber and the medium of unidirectional array, perhaps is made of braided fiber net and medium.The sectional dimension size of FRP muscle can change by the radical of adjustment fiber or the content of medium.

The present invention specifically describe embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing in order more clearly to illustrate.

Embodiment 1

Shown in Figure 21 A, the manufacture method of CFRP (carbon fibre reinforced composite) outer tube 3 is described at first.Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the manufacture method of fiber bundle outer tube 3 and fiber bundle plug 4.With several asphalt series continuous carbon fibres cocurrent and parallel row on core, perhaps in core braiding twisting, placing the weight of phenolic resins and ethanol respectively to account for 50% mixed glue solution soaks into, through the forming hole pultrusion, place under 300 ℃ of temperature and heated 1 hour, phenolic resin cured, make the CFRP outer tube.The medium of CFRP outer tube also can adopt polyimides.The inner surface of CFRP outer tube and external surface can be uneven state through processing, and increase it with base material and manage the adhesion of inner structure.In the manufacture process of CFRP outer tube, by changing the radical of used carbon fiber, and the diameter of core and forming hole, change internal diameter and the external diameter of CFRP outer tube 3.

The manufacture method that steel core bar 4 and heater are laid.At a high tensile steel wire of suitable size (if needing large-sized stress rib that prestores just to adopt steel tendon) as plug 4, weave in its surface many conductive exothermal silk 15 (carbon fiber, the copper wire etc.) nets that scribble insulating paint as heater, perhaps twine this conductive exothermal silk 15 as heater in steel core bar 4.Specific practice is that many conductive exothermal silks 15 are soaked in the epoxy resin adhesive liquid that is added with curing compound, weaves or is wrapped on the steel wire, and behind epoxy resin cure, conductive exothermal silk 15 is bonded in Steel Wire Surface, makes the steel core bar 4 with heater.Conductive exothermal silk 15 cocurrent and parallels row can also be pasted in Steel Wire Surface, make the steel core bar 4 with heater.

In the present embodiment, such as the stress rib that prestores of Figure 21 A structure, cementing agent 5 adopts the epoxy resin take porcelain powder and quartz powder as inserts.But cementing agent 5 also can adopt the resin adhesive of other type.To be furnished with the epoxy resin of curing compound, accelerator and thinner and porcelain powder and quartz powder inserts and be mixed into cementing agent 5 glues.To outer tube 3 these glues of interior injection, then will soak into cementing agent 5 with the steel core bar 4 of heater, penetrate in the outer tube 3.With tensioner stretch-draw outer tube 3, make its stress reach design load, cured epoxy resin unclamps outer tube 3, and the structure manufacturing of the stress rib that prestores is finished.Figure 18 is the prestore manufacturing process schematic diagram of stress rib of Equations of The Second Kind.The length in flexible space 6 is to control by the cutting length of outer tube, plug and the stress of stretch-draw thereof, therefore will pass through calculative determination in advance.Then in the termination of power muscle conductive exothermal silk 15 and wire 22 are connected, and coat heat-sealable chewing-gum 24 at outer tube both ends open place, guardwire 22 and prevent that base material from flowing into flexible space 6, obtains the stress rib that prestores at last.The termination conductive exothermal silk 15 of power muscle also has kind of a connection with wire 22, is that one end conductive exothermal silk 15 is interconnected, and the conductive exothermal silk 15 of the other end is divided into two groups, picks out respectively two wires 22, is used for connecing the both positive and negative polarity of power supply.Twisted wire is made in the stress rib twisting but this prestores.Temperature was the heat distortion temperature of epoxy resin when the stress rib prestressing force that prestores discharged.

Adopt the stress rib that prestores of Figure 21 B structure, such as Figure 21 B, casing 20 is not adopted in the manufacturing of above-mentioned Figure 21 A tectonic stress muscle.This tectonic force muscle adopts casing 20 to provide extendable room to plug 4, before not having the stretch-draw outer tube, just utilizes binder 21 that irony casing 20 is glued at outer tube 3 terminations.To be furnished with the epoxy resin of curing compound, accelerator and thinner and porcelain powder and quartz powder inserts and be mixed into cementing agent 5 glues, to outer tube 3 these glues of interior injection, then will soak into cementing agent 5 glues with the steel core bar 4 of heater is outer, penetrate in the outer tube 3.With tensioner stretch-draw outer tube 3, make its stress reach design load, after cured epoxy resin reaches intensity level, unclamp outer tube 3, the structure manufacturing of the stress rib that then prestores is finished.Termination at stress rib connects conductive exothermal silk 15 and wire 22, then coats heat-sealable chewing-gum 24 at casing 20 tube port positions, finishes the manufacturing of the stress rib that prestores.Casing 20 has the effect of heading ground tackle heading pressure-bearing here, therefore binder 21 must have enough adhesion strengths, temperature when simultaneously its operating temperature will be higher than cementing agent 5 softening, the binder 21 of the stress rib that prestores of the like this effect of competence exertion casing, so 21B structure adopts epoxy resin binder 21 adhesives of modified, high temperature resistant.And the stress rib that prestores of employing casing 20, its plug length can also surpass the length of outer tube.

In the present embodiment, if during the diameter of steel core bar 4≤4mm, heating conductor directly adopts steel wire.Can adopt the stress rib that prestores of Figure 22 A structure, wherein 23 is welding point.The wire 22 of this power muscle is the two that is welded direct to steel wire, and all the other make the autofrettage as above-mentioned Figure 21 A tectonic force muscle.

If during the diameter of steel core bar 4≤4mm, heating conductor directly adopts steel wire, casing 20 is adopted in the termination of the stress rib that prestores, such as the prestore structure of stress rib of Figure 22 B.The wire 22 of this power muscle be directly welding or colligation at two of steel wire, and all the other manufacture methods are as the autofrettage of above-mentioned Figure 21 B tectonic force muscle.

In order to reduce the heater heating up other member is caused harmful effect, therefore adopt among the embodiment of cementing agent 5 at all, make the cementing agent attenuation, to reduce its heat diffusion amount and shear strain as far as possible.The stress rib that prestores can twisting be made twisted wire in the suitable situation of size.

Embodiment 2

The manufacture method of CFRP outer tube 3 is as embodiment 1.

The following describes the manufacture method of CFRP (carbon fibre reinforced composite) plug 4.Such as Figure 15, the asphalt series continuous carbon fibre bundle that several same directions are arranged places polyimides adhesive to soak into, and through the forming hole pultrusion, is heating and curing, and makes CFPR plug 4.The conductive exothermal silk 15 that scribbles insulating paint is soaked in the epoxy resin adhesive liquid that is added with curing compound, then on CFPR plug 4 surfaces woven mesh conductive exothermal silk 15 as heater, perhaps twine twisting conductive exothermal silk 15 as heater at the CFPR plug, cured epoxy resin, conductive exothermal silk 15 is bonded on the mandrel surface, makes the CFPR plug 4 with heater.

If medium adopts epoxy resin, a kind of method for making is to place epoxy resin adhesive liquid to soak into the asphalt series continuous carbon fibre bundle that several same directions are arranged, and through the forming hole pultrusion, cured epoxy resin is made CFPR plug 4.Conductive exothermal silk 15 is soaked in the epoxy resin adhesive liquid that is added with curing compound, and conductive exothermal silk 15 nets that scribble insulating paint in CFPR plug 4 surfaces braidings perhaps twine conductive exothermal silk 15 as heater at the CFPR plug as heater.Perhaps conductive exothermal silk 15 cocurrent and parallels row is pasted at mandrel surface, make the CFRP plug 4 with heater.Another kind of method for making is that conductive exothermal silk 15 is wrapped on the asphalt series continuous carbon fibre bundle of epoxy resin-impregnated in advance, through the forming hole pultrusion, makes the plug 4 with heater.The surface of plug can be uneven state through processing, and increases the adhesion of itself and outer tube-surface.In the manufacture process of CFRP plug, by changing the radical of used carbon fiber, and the diameter of formed pipe, change its diameter.

Autofrettage under it is identical with the stress rib that prestores of prestore stress rib and Figure 21 B structure of embodiment 1 described Figure 21 A structure, just changes steel core bar into the CFRP plug.And the stress rib that prestores of Figure 22 B structure, the wire 22 of this power muscle be colligation at two of CFRP plug, and all the other manufacture methods are as the autofrettage of embodiment 1 described Figure 21 B tectonic force muscle.

When outer tube adopted high strength steel pipe, its manufacture method just replaced CFRP outer tube 3 with high strength steel pipe as mentioned above.

Embodiment 3

The following describes the manufacture method of high tensile steel wire amalgamation outer tube 3.Making in the forming process 11 among its hot candied moulding cross sectional shape such as Figure 13 at high tensile steel wire.Outer tube 3 is put together by 3 sections of jurisdiction 11.The amalgamation connected mode can be stitched 12 places in amalgamation and be adopted epoxy resin binder 21 or the inorganic adhesive of modified, high temperature resistant to piece together pipe, can also directly twine silk thread with the synthetic outer tube 3 of section of jurisdiction 11 bundles.On the surperficial binder-treatment to amalgamation outer tube 3, except joint face, other face of steel wire can be with suitable spiral ribs to process, and increases the adhesion of outer tube 3 and base material and cementing agent 5.On the partition problem of amalgamation outer tube 3, outer tube 3 can be combined into by two, perhaps by more polylith amalgamation.Figure 17 is the schematic diagram that two sections of jurisdiction piece together the presstressed reinforcing steel manufacture method of pipe.And the outer tube of fibre reinforced composites also can be made by the amalgamation method, and manufacture method is as described above.After outer tube is made, utilize epoxy resin binder 21 binders 21 of modified, high temperature resistant that irony casing 20 is glued at outer tube 3 two ends.

The manufacture method that steel core bar 4 and heater are laid is identical with embodiment 1.

In the present embodiment, such as the stress rib that prestores of Figure 21 A structure, cementing agent 5 adopts the epoxy resin take porcelain powder and quartz powder as inserts.But cementing agent 5 also can adopt the resin adhesive of other type.To be furnished with the epoxy resin of curing compound, accelerator and thinner and porcelain powder and quartz powder inserts and be mixed into cementing agent 5 glues.To outer tube 3 these glues of interior injection, then will soak into cementing agent 5 glues outside the steel core bar 4 with heater, penetrate in the outer tube 3.With tensioner stretch-draw outer tube 3, after its stress reaches design load, after epoxy resin cure reaches intensity, unclamp outer tube 3, the structure manufacturing of the stress rib that prestores is finished.Such as Figure 18, in the termination conductive exothermal silk 15 and wire 22 are connected, and coat thermoplastic resin sealing compound 24 at casing 20 tube port positions, finish the manufacturing of the stress rib that prestores.

If during the diameter of steel core bar 4≤4mm, heating conductor directly adopts steel wire, the power muscle adopts casing 20, can adopt the stress rib that prestores of Figure 22 B structure.The wire 22 of this power muscle be directly weldering or colligation at two of steel wire, and all the other manufacture methods are as the autofrettage of above-mentioned Figure 21 A tectonic force muscle.

Embodiment 4

Making in the forming process at high tensile steel wire, steel wire drawing is being become section of jurisdiction 11.The manufacture method that steel core bar 4 and heater are laid.Conductive exothermal silk 15 is soaked in the epoxy resin adhesive liquid that is added with curing compound, weaves or be wrapped on the steel wire, behind epoxy resin cure, conductive exothermal silk 15 will be bonded on the Steel Wire Surface, makes the steel core bar 4 with heater.

Adopt Figure 17 presstressed reinforcing steel manufacture method.Above embodiment is described to be to penetrate method as entering the pipe mode, and Figure 17 then is the amalgamation autofrettage that stretch-draw, amalgamation, curing are carried out simultaneously.There are two two sections of jurisdiction 11 that are subjected to stretch-draw on the figure left side with not passed the moulding circular hole by the steel core bar 4 of stretch-draw, wherein these steel core bar 4 surfaces scribble quick-setting epoxy adhesive 5, both unanimously advance by the left side of identical speed from forming hole, through forming hole place's extrusion modling, curing place is solidified after arriving the forming hole right side, finishes the stress rib structure manufacturing that prestores.Then utilize epoxy resin binder 21 binders 21 of modified, high temperature resistant that irony casing 20 is glued at outer tube 3 two ends, in the termination conductive exothermal silk 15 and wire 22 are connected, and coat thermoplastic resin sealing compound 24 at casing 20 tube port positions, finish the manufacturing of the stress rib that prestores.The prestore large I of prestress value of every section storage in the stress rib of amalgamation method manufacturing is controlled by the stretching force on forming hole both sides when amalgamation.So just can be according to the objective body stressing conditions, manufacture and design the every part of the stress rib that the prestores stress intensity that prestores, satisfy the required prestress value of objective body counterpart.Such as spandrel girder, the stress rib that will prestore is arranged by concordant profipole in the beam body, required prestressed size variation according to the concordant profipole tangential direction, in the stress rib amalgamation process that prestores, according to required prestressed size, the corresponding forming hole both sides of regulating at curing place cured binders, form the transformable stress rib that prestores of stress to the tension stress of outer tube.

Similarly, other kind fibre reinforced composites plug can be replaced steel core bar, adopt the amalgamation method or penetrate method, its manufacture method is identical with the above.

Penetrate the stress rib that prestores of method manufacturing, if adopt such as Figure 16 autofrettage, the stress value that the every part of power muscle stores also can be controlled.Figure 16 is the presstressed reinforcing steel manufacture method schematic diagram of the controlled storage of each section stress value, one end that will contain the outer tube 3 of plug 4 and cementing agent 5 is fixed on the anchorage, other end anchor device anchoring, and vertical stretch-draw take stretching force as P, cementing agent adopts to heat up and solidifies, and the adhesive cures district moves to the stretching force direction.Variation along with stretching force P, after the adhesive cures in the curing area, outer tube 3 is to follow stretching force P to change with the stress that the plug tension and compression store, therefore can be according to the objective body stressing conditions, control and make the prestore size of stress of the every part of stress rib that prestores, satisfy the required prestress value of objective body counterpart.

Embodiment 5

The outer tube 3 of present embodiment is made by glass fibre reinforced composion, and manufacture method and embodiment 1 roughly the same repeat no more.And glass fiber can also flood polyimides adhesive, and through the forming hole pultrusion, the polyimides that then is heating and curing is made outer tube 3.For the adhesion of reinforcing glass fiber surface and cementing agent, can process its surface.The internal diameter of present embodiment outer tube 3 is 2.5mm, and external diameter is 4mm.The steel core bar diameter is 2mm, directly take it as heater.

Adopt the prestore structure of stress rib of Figure 22 B, its autofrettage: at first utilize the epoxy resin binder 21 of modified, high temperature resistant that irony casing 20 is glued at outer tube 3 ends.Cementing agent 5 adopts the epoxy resin take porcelain powder and quartz powder as inserts, take polyamide as curing compound.To be furnished with the epoxy resin of curing compound, accelerator and thinner and porcelain powder and quartz powder inserts and be mixed into cementing agent 5 glues and inject in the outer tube 3, penetrate in the outer tube 3 after steel core bar 4 is soaked into cementing agent 5 glues.With tensioner stretch-draw outer tube 3, make tension stress reach design load after, cured epoxy resin unclamps outer tube 3, the structure manufacturing of the stress rib that then prestores is finished.Connect wire 22 and steel core bar 4, then spread thermoplastic resin sealing compound 24 at casing 20 tube port positions, finish the manufacturing of the stress rib that prestores.It is twisted into twisted wire, interconnect at the wire 22 of the stress rib that respectively prestores of twisted wire one end, the wire 22 of the twisted wire other end is the both positive and negative polarity that connects power supply, and power supply can adopt battery, and electric power output voltage is by the resistance heating power determination of access.Temperature when this rib prestressed release temperature is epoxy resin softening.

Embodiment 6

The manufacture method of present embodiment glass fibre reinforced composion outer tube 3 is with embodiment 5.Epoxy resin binder 21 with modified, high temperature resistant is glued at outer tube 3 ends with irony casing 20.

The following describes the manufacture method of glass fibre reinforced composion inner tube 7.Several glass fiber cocurrent and parallel on core is arranged bunchy, then make the glass fiber inner tube such as the method for embodiment 1.The insulation conductive exothermal silk 15 of epoxy resin-impregnated glue is wrapped on the inner tube 7, and behind epoxy resin cure, conductive exothermal silk 15 is bonded on the Steel Wire Surface, makes the inner tube 7 with heater.

In the present embodiment, cementing agent 5 adopts the epoxy resin take porcelain powder and quartz powder as inserts, take polyamide as curing compound.To be furnished with the epoxy resin of curing compound, accelerator and thinner and porcelain powder and quartz powder inserts is mixed into cementing agent 5 glues and injects in the outer tube 3.With being installed with the external surface dip-coating binder solution of the inner tube 7 of power muscle, then penetrate in the outer tube 3, the power muscle in the pretensioning inner tube 7, precompressed inner tube 7, reach stress value after, in the anchoring of inner tube two ends, finish the precompressed to inner tube.To outer tube 3 stretch-draw, after its stress reaches design load, cementing agent 5 is solidified with tensioner.After cementing agent reaches intensity, unclamp outer tube 3 and power muscle.Termination at the stress rib that prestores connects conductive exothermal silk 15 and wire 22, and coats thermoplastic resin sealing compound 24 at casing 20 tube port positions, finishes the manufacturing of the stress rib that prestores

Embodiment 7

Present embodiment will illustrate the stress rib force structure parts autofrettage that prestores of several inorfil and medium.Carbon fiber take carbon as medium prestores the manufacture method of each parts of stress rib with embodiment 1.In the present invention, in the manufacture process of all fiber reinforcement outer tube, inner tube or plug, by radical, core diameter and the shape that changes used fiber, diameter and the shape of forming hole, change internal diameter and external diameter and the shape thereof of fiber reinforcement outer tube, inner tube or plug.More than employed fiber be pitch-based carbon fiber, can also be replace to make with cellulose-based or PAN (polyacrylonitrile).When the application target body is concrete, the adoptable high molecular polymer adhesive of carbon fibre reinforced composite plug and inner tube medium, such as polyimides adhesive, polybenzimidazole adhesive, unsaturated polyester (UP), vinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polyurethane, epoxy resin, phenolic resins etc., the outer tube medium can adopt serviceability temperature to reach 200 ℃ polyimides gluing, phenolic resins, polybenzimidazole adhesive.Carbon fibre reinforced composite plug, inner tube, the adoptable inorganic adhesive of outer tube medium have polyvinyl alcohol to add the mixed liquor of water, poly-carboxyl silane, poly-titanium carboxyl silane.And carborundum, silicon nitride, boron, alumina, basalt, asbestos, the replaceable carbon fiber of the inorganic ceramic fibers such as glass is made outer tube, inner tube or plug, method aramid fiber same as above, polyethylene fibre, vinal, acrylic fiber, polypropylene (polypropylene fibre), polyester fiber (terylene), Fypro (nylon), PBI fibre, polysulfonamides fibre, the high strength organic fibers such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), its medium can adopt the polyimides that adapts with it, cyanate ester resin, the epoxies bonding adhesive, phenolic resins class bonding adhesive, nitrogen-containing hetero lopps bonding adhesive, the media such as inorganic stick are made inner tube and plug.

The following describes organic fiber-aramid fiber and be example and make inner tube or plug, medium adopts the polynary glycidyl amine type epoxy resin take porcelain powder and quartz powder as inserts.To be furnished with the polynary glycidyl amine type epoxy resin of curing compound, accelerator and thinner and porcelain powder and quartz powder inserts and be mixed into solution.With several aramid fiber cocurrent and parallel rows, place mixed glue solution to soak into, scrape off unnecessary resin, pass hot forming tool, enter in the curing oven and solidify, obtain inner tube or the plug of Composite of Kevlar-fiber/Epoxy.Because the operating temperature of organic fiber is lower, generally is used for making inner tube or plug, as the temperature control strength member.The layout of its heater: inner tube or plug surface fibre are carbon fiber or wire, and internal layer is that aramid fiber consists of; Perhaps aramid fiber inner tube or the plug at curing molding twines carbon fiber or wire; Perhaps the internal layer at outer tube designs the conductive exothermal silk as the heater of the stress rib that prestores.The medium of aramid fiber goods also can adopt other thermosetting resin and thermoplastic resin, such as unsaturated polyester (UP), vinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polyurethane, epoxy resin, phenolic resins etc., can also adopt inorganic adhesive.Its manufacture method and epoxy resin are that inner tube or the plug method for making of medium is identical.Therefore different organic fibers is combined from different media, makes their goods reach optimum efficiency.

In the Composite process of fiber and combination of media, when being heating and curing, may react between the two, might cause the fiber properties variation, cause the decline of product strength.In order to prevent both reactions, apply the composition little with the medium isoreactivity at fiber surface in advance, can control to a certain extent the decline of fibre intensity.The fibre that is consisted of by the fiber more than the 2 kinds manufacturing that also can use the same method.

Embodiment 8

The stress rib draw ratio that prestores of above embodiment manufacturing is larger, and goods have plate, bar, continuous fiber etc., and mode of heating is the direct-electrifying heating, and its objective body is concrete.The present embodiment explanation stress short fiber muscle that prestores, its diameter is not more than 3mm, and mode of heating is electromagnetic induction heating, and its objective body is concrete.

The following describes the manufacture method of glass fiber outer tube 3.In the core twisting, place the alumina adhesive to soak into several glass fiber, and scrape off unnecessary adhesive, through the moulding form moulding, then solidify the alumina adhesive, make glass fiber outer tube 3.And glass fiber can also adopt phenolic resins as adhesive, and the phenolic resins that is heating and curing is made glass fiber outer tube 3.Can also directly adopt the high-strength glass fibre pipe as outer tube 3.

Plug adopts can be by the strongly continuous steel fibre of the ferromagnet-Gao of electromagnetic induction heating.

In the present embodiment, the temperature control cementing agent adopts epoxy resin, also can adopt polystyrene or polymethyl methacrylate as cementing agent.The epoxy resin that to be furnished with curing compound, accelerator is mixed into adhesive gelatin 5.In outer tube 3, be full of this glue, high tensile steel wire is soaked into binder solution, then penetrate in the outer tube that is full of binder solution.With tensioner to outer tube stretch-draw, after its stress reaches design load, cured binders.After cementing agent reaches intensity, unclamp outer tube, make continuous fiber.Then be cut into short fiber, such as Figure 23, its middle external tube 3 is the glass fiber outer tube, and plug 4 is the steel fibre plug, and 5 is epoxy adhesive.In cutting-off process, can also can adopt other organic or inorganic foamed glue at the fast rigid polyurethane foams colloid 25 of the termination of the stress rib that prestores spot printing, reserve elongate space to plug, finish the stress short fiber muscle manufacturing that prestores.Be the cementing agent softening temperature when prestoring the rib prestressed release of stress short fiber, because core volume is less in the short fiber, the eddy current heat production of electromagnetic induction heating is little, firing rate is restricted, therefore the used cementing agent of present embodiment can adopt the epoxy adhesive (softening temperature is between 60 ℃-100 ℃) of low softening point, to reduce the impact on substrate performance.

Plug 4 adopts carbon fibre composite or glass fiber compound material, and its manufacture method is:

At its surface coating ferrocobalt material powder layer, and be not insulated between the powder, to increase the eddy heating for heating effect, ferromagnetic powder can also adopt other irony alloy.After plug has applied the ferrocobalt powder bed, adopt epoxy resin as cementing agent 5, carry out the method operation that penetrates same as described above.After making long fibre, be cut into short fiber, in cutting-off process, can be at the fast rigid polyurethane foams glue of the termination of the stress rib that prestores spot printing, also can adopt other organic or inorganic foamed glue, reserve elongate space for plug 4, finish the stress short fiber muscle manufacturing that prestores.

Embodiment 9

The present embodiment explanation stress short fiber muscle that prestores, its diameter is not more than 3mm, and mode of heating is electromagnetic induction heating, and its objective body is concrete.In cementing agent, directly add ferromagnetic powder as heater, so outer tube, inner tube or plug adopt nonferromugnetic material.

Outer tube 3 adopts fiberglass pipe, and manufacture method is as embodiment 8.Plug 4 adopts carbon fibre composites, and its manufacture method is as follows: with several pitch-based carbon fiber cocurrent and parallels rows, placing polyamide is that the epoxy resin of curing compound soaks into, and scrapes off unnecessary epoxy resin, is solidified into plug 4 through moulding form.

In the present embodiment, cementing agent 5 employing polyamides are the epoxy resin of curing compound.To be furnished with curing compound epoxy resin and the ferrocobalt material powder is mixed into adhesive gelatin 5, in outer tube 3, be full of this glue, plug 4 will be soaked into binder solution, then fill in the outer tube 3 that is full of binder solution.Stretch-draw outer tube 3 treats that its stress reaches design load and keeps cold curing cementing agent 5.After cementing agent 5 reaches intensity, unclamp outer tube 3, make long fibre.Then be cut into short fiber, such as Figure 23, in cutting-off process, can at the fast rigid polyurethane foams glue 25 of the termination of the stress rib that prestores spot printing, finish the stress short fiber muscle manufacturing that prestores.

Embodiment 10

The present embodiment explanation stress short fiber muscle that prestores, its diameter is not more than 3mm, and mode of heating is electromagnetic induction heating, and its objective body is concrete.The electromagnetic induction heater adopts high tensile steel wire.

The outer tube of present embodiment adopts glass fiber compound material, and the manufacture method of its amalgamation glass fiber outer tube parts is identical with the manufacture method among the embodiment 8, and the glass fiber outer tube is by three outer tube amalgamations.The plug of present embodiment adopts high tensile steel wire.

The following describes the amalgamation method stress rib manufacture method that prestores.This autofrettage is the amalgamation autofrettage that stretch-draw, amalgamation, curing are carried out simultaneously.This method for making is as Figure 17, on the forming hole left side, 3 sections of jurisdiction 11 that are subjected to stretch-draw are not with being passed moulding form by the plug 4 of stretch-draw, and as cementing agent 5, heating is injected into the mosaic with the modified thermoplastic polystyrene, each member unanimously advances by the left side of identical speed from forming hole, through forming hole place's extrusion modling, arrive curing place cooling curing, after all solidifying, the stretch-draw of loose ends, stress long fibre muscle obtains prestoring.Be cut into short fiber, such as Figure 23, in cutting-off process, can at the fast rigid polyurethane foams glue 25 of the termination of the stress rib that prestores spot printing, finish the stress short fiber muscle manufacturing that prestores.

Similarly, when plug 4 adopts carbon fibre composite, be that the ferrocobalt powder is coated as heater in carbon fiber plug 4 surfaces, the amalgamation autofrettage of the stress short fiber muscle manufacture method that prestores as above-mentioned high tensile steel wire.

Embodiment 11

This implementation end holds the prestore manufacture method of stress rib of composite anchoring structure, and it executes routine objective body is concrete.This prestressing force delivery mode is to the softening prestressing force that discharges of the cementing agent intensification of anchorage zone.Be the composite construction of the end anchorage stress rib sectional drawing that prestores such as Figure 20 A, Figure 20 B, Figure 20 C, in three width of cloth figure, the manufacture method of the stress rib that prestores shown in Figure 20 A.With several continuous glass fibres cocurrent and parallel row or twisting on core, place the epoxy resin adhesive liquid take polyamide as curing compound to soak into, through the forming hole pultrusion, cured epoxy resin is made outer tube 3.Perhaps place the polynary glycidyl amine type epoxy resin mixed glue solution of being furnished with curing compound, accelerator and thinner to soak into, scrape off unnecessary epoxy resin, pass hot forming tool, enter curing oven and under 130 ℃ of temperature, solidify, make outer tube 3.Utilize the epoxy resin binder 21 of modified, high temperature resistant that irony casing 20 is glued at outer tube 3 ends.Plug adopts high tensile steel wire.

The end anchorage cementing agent of stress rib of prestoring adopts the epoxy resin take porcelain powder and quartz powder as inserts, take polyamide as curing compound.Method one, plug 4 is penetrated outer tube 3, stretch-draw outer tube 3 reaches stress value and keeps.Fill in the pin 13 that is soaked with epoxy resin adhesive liquid in outer tube 3 ends, treat epoxy resin cure, unclamp the stretch-draw of outer tube, finish the force structure manufacturing.Method two, plug 4 is penetrated outer tube 3, stretch-draw outer tube 3, compression plug 4, after both reach stress value, fill in the pin 13 that is soaked with epoxy resin adhesive liquid in outer tube 3 ends, and near plug 4, treat epoxy resin cure, unclamp outer tube 3 and plug 4, finish the force structure manufacturing.Connect wire 22 and conductive exothermal silk 15, then spread thermoplastic resin sealing compound 24 at outer tube 3 mouth of pipe places, finish the manufacturing of the stress rib that prestores.

The manufacture method of stress rib prestores shown in Figure 20 B.The manufacture method of outer tube 3 is with the manufacture method of the stress rib that prestores shown in Figure 20 A.Utilize the epoxy resin binder 21 of modified, high temperature resistant that irony casing 20 is glued at outer tube 3 ends.Plug adopts high tensile steel wire.Manufacture method as the stress rib that prestores shown in Figure 20 A is described, after finishing force structure and making, connects wire 22 and conductive exothermal silk 15, then spreads thermoplastic resin sealing compound 24 at casing 20 tube port positions, finishes the manufacturing of the stress rib that prestores.

The manufacture method of stress rib prestores shown in Figure 20 C.The manufacture method of outer tube 3 is with the manufacture method of the stress rib that prestores shown in Figure 20 A.Utilize the epoxy resin binder 21 of modified, high temperature resistant that irony casing 20 is glued at outer tube 3 ends.Plug adopts high tensile steel wire.

The end anchorage cementing agent of stress rib of prestoring adopts the epoxy resin take porcelain powder and quartz powder as inserts, take polyamide as curing compound.Plug 4 is penetrated outer tube 3, and stretch-draw outer tube 3 reaches stress value and maintenance.Fill in first sealing sheet 28 in outer tube 3 ends, prevent 10 li in epoxy resin inflow outer tube and plug gap, then fill in the heater that conductive exothermal silk 15 is made in outer tube 3 end anchorage districts, epoxy resin adhesive liquid reinjects.Treat epoxy resin cure, unclamp the stretch-draw of outer tube, finish the force structure manufacturing.Conductive exothermal silk 15 is picked out outside the casing, then spread thermoplastic resin sealing compound 24 at casing 20 tube port positions, finish the manufacturing of the stress rib that prestores.

Similarly, outer tube 3 and plug 4 can adopt the fibre reinforced composites such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, and outer tube 3 also can adopt high strength steel pipe, and their autofrettage can adopt the method for making of the described outer tube 3 of above embodiment and plug 4.Various types of materials outer tube 3 and plug 4 can carry out reasonable combination and make the stress rib that prestores.Pin 13 materials can adopt all kinds of mandrel materials or cementing agent 5.When the selection of fiber medium, we can select all kinds of reasonably organic or inorganic adhesives.Plug 4 surfaces of gap location can increase sliding the processing, the friction factor of external member in reducing.The stress rib that more than prestores can twist into twisted wire, wire 22 at the stress rib that respectively prestores of twisted wire one end interconnects, the wire 22 of the twisted wire other end is the both positive and negative polarity that connects power supply, and power supply can adopt battery, and electric power output voltage is by the resistance heating power determination of access.The present embodiment prestressing force release temperature of the stress rib temperature when being epoxy resin softening that prestores.

Embodiment 12

The prestore manufacture method of stress rib of present embodiment explanation end anchorage composite construction, its objective body is ceramic body.The prestressing force delivery mode is for removing end anchorage, the end cutting region excision of the stress rib that is about to prestore.Such as Figure 24, this figure is that the composite construction of the cementing agent filling anchoring stress rib Manufacture and application schematic diagram that prestores is adopted in the end.

The outer tube 3 of the stress rib that prestores shown in Figure 24 and plug 4 adopt carbon/carbon compound material.Outer tube 3 method for makings: the weight of several asphalt series continuous carbon fibres process phenolic resins and ethanol is respectively accounted for 50% mixed glue solution drill traverse stain, weave at core after going out groove, pass hot forming tool, outer tube 3 is carried out the end increase and its external surface is carried out coarse processing, shaping and demoulding.Then under the temperature of 2000 ℃ of vacuum or inert atmospheres, heated 1 hour, make phenolic resin curing, make carbon fiber bundle outer tube 3, its external diameter≤5mm.Plug 4 method for makings: the weight of several asphalt series continuous carbon fibres process phenolic resins and ethanol is respectively accounted for 50% mixed glue solution drill traverse stain, pass the hot forming tool moulding, then under the temperature of 2000 ℃ of vacuum or inert atmospheres, heated 1 hour, make phenolic resin curing, make carbon fiber bundle plug 4.

Cementing agent 5 among this stress rib end anchorage employing figure that prestores is filled outer tube 3 ports (also can adopt pin), and adhesive 5 adopts Phosphate adhesive.At first by the length of calculative determination outer tube 3 and plug 4, plug 4 is penetrated outer tube 3, next carry out manufacturing process shown in Figure 24.The working limit temperature of this stress rib that prestores should be higher than ceramic body and prepare temperature required.The ceramic body that rocket nozzle can adopt this power muscle to produce.

Figure 25 is that the composite construction of the cap cylinder 29 anchorings stress rib constructional drawing that prestores is adopted in the end.The prestressing force delivery mode is the end cutting region excision with the stress rib that prestores, and namely excises the crown of cap cylinder 29.Outer tube 3 and plug 4 method for makings are as described above.Plug 4 is penetrated outer tube 3, with tensioning equipment stretch-draw outer tube 3, reach stress value and maintenance.Coat Phosphate adhesive in outer tube 3 end outer surface zones, coat Phosphate adhesive at the medial surface of cap cylinder, then the cap cylinder is buckled on the outer tube 3, and clamp.Under hot environment, solidify, reach anchoring strength after, manufacturing is finished in the stretch-draw of unclamping outer tube.

Prestore fiber in the stress rib of present embodiment also can adopt in the inorfils such as carborundum, silicon nitride, boron, boron nitride, alumina one or several.The principle that fiber is selected is can not react with ceramic based material in the ceramic post sintering process.The medium of fibre reinforcement can adopt polyvinyl alcohol, poly-carbonyl silane, phenolic resins.

Fig. 4 to Figure 12, Figure 20 A be to the stress rib that prestores shown in Figure 25, is the symmetrical expression stress rib that prestores.For reserving flexible space 6 and adopt the stress rib that prestores of the full interface anchoring of casing 20, and its length is not when growing very much, can reserve flexible space 6 and adopt casing 20 at an end of this power muscle, and the outer tube of the other end is concordant with core, and wire can go out from this termination.For the stress rib that prestores of end anchorage, can reserve flexible space 6 or adopt casing 20 at an end of this power muscle, and only set up anchoring decontrol---heater at this end, and at the other end, not set up heater.Therefore, discharge for the prestore prestressing force of stress rib of asymmetric, core slides to the other end from an end of outer tube, and slides to its two ends unlike the prestore core of stress rib of symmetrical expression.

The stress rib that prestores adopts flexible space or casing facility to ensure inner tube or plug extendable room, and it is not just so easy in the stress short fiber muscle making that prestores, because the short fiber muscle is to be cut off by the long fibre muscle to form, the stress rib external and internal compositions that prestores is smooth, therefore without shortage, be difficult to flexible space, its termination or load onto casing.For head it off, can settle the easily compressible body of compression, suitable intensity in the termination of the stress rib that prestores, such as cap, resin foam.At the fast rigid polyurethane foams glue shown in the embodiment 9, polystyrene foam plastics etc.This cap or foams can be by sprays, be coated with or paste mode and be installed on the termination, give the elongation headspace of inner tube or plug, improve prestressed efficient.

Described in embodiment, above-mentioned each the structure member cross section type of stress rib that prestores can be polygon, circle, annular, ellipse, abnormity etc., and its stress rib cross sectional shape that prestores can be made by each structure member cross section type any combination.Divide by the stress rib sectional dimension size that prestores, the rod member that its size can arrive greatly, plate can be little of very thin fiber.The length of stress rib of prestoring can be formulated according to the needs of engineering.Large area concrete surface cracking resistance engineering for example, can prestore the regular mesh cloth of lining up of stress rib in the concrete of top layer with long continuously, after concrete reaches design strength, will grow continuously the stress rib energising heating that prestores, reach and to discharge the prestressing force temperature, finish two-way precompressed.The stress rib that short fiber shape with electromagnetic induction material can also be prestored mixes in the concrete of top layer, and fiber evenly distributes in the concrete of top layer, and each machine direction then is arbitrarily, therefore makes the top layer concrete form multidirectional prestressing force.After concrete reaches design strength, be attached to concrete surface with induction coil, carry out electromagnetic induction heating, discharge prestressing force, finish multidirectional precompressed.Adhesion stress, frictional force and mechanical snap power in order to improve each layer of interface increase prestressed effect, can process through special the surface of outer tube, plug, inner tube, pin, casing, sleeve, are uneven state.Can be made into shape of threads such as it, increase snap-in force, prevent the slip between the interface.In order to make the prestressing force better effects if, can also be with the end bending of the stress rib that prestores, the end increases, and cross section special-shaped raising is subjected to force efficiency.The component parts of stress rib of prestoring has outer tube, plug, inner tube, pin, casing, sleeve, heater etc., and these parts can be assembly or amalgamation body, can determine according to the manufacture method of the stress rib that prestores combination or the splitting mode of each parts.

The content that above-described embodiment is illustrated should be understood to these embodiment and only is used for being illustrated more clearly in the present invention, limit the scope of the invention and be not used in, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims limited range to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.

Claims

1. composite construction stress rib that prestores, it comprises outer tube and at least one core body that has at least a hole, it is characterized in that: described core body places the outer tube pore, one in this outer tube and the core body is the tension body, another one is for being subjected to laminate, and described outer tube and core body consist of the tension and compression balanced body by a kind of anchorage style anchor connection in binding type anchorage style, the composite cementing anchorage style.

2. the composite construction according to claim 1 stress rib that prestores is characterized in that: be provided with the heater by the bond-anchorage intensity of cementing agent in the temperature rise control tension and compression balanced body in described tension and compression balanced body.

3. the composite construction according to claim 1 stress rib that prestores, it is characterized in that, described outer tube and core body directly are combined anchoring and are linked to each other and consist of the tension and compression balanced body, be provided with heater in this tension and compression balanced body, and the thermal change temperature of core material are lower than the ultimate-use (limiting service) temperature of outer tube.

4. according to claim 1 and 2 or the 3 described composite constructions stress rib that prestores, it is characterized in that the end that has gap or core body between described outer tube and the core body has flexible space, be provided with cementing agent in this gap or the flexible space.

5. according to claim 1 and 2 or the 3 described composite constructions stress rib that prestores, it is characterized in that described outer tube and core body consist of the tension and compression balanced body by the anchoring of cementing agent pin ground tackle, the pin in this cementing agent pin ground tackle is bonded in the outer tube end position.

6. according to claim 1 and 2 or the 3 described composite constructions stress rib that prestores, it is characterized in that, described outer tube and core body consist of the tension and compression balanced body by cementing agent cap cylinder ground tackle or the anchoring of cementing agent sleeve ground tackle, and the cap cylinder in this cementing agent cap cylinder ground tackle or the sleeve in the cementing agent sleeve ground tackle are bonded in the end of core body.

7. according to claim 1 and 2 or the 3 described composite constructions stress rib that prestores, it is characterized in that described outer tube is to be made of at least a in fibre reinforced composites, metal material, the ferrimagnet; Described core body is to strengthen at least a in polymer matrix composites, metal material, RPC material, the ferrimagnet by fibre reinforced composites, particle to consist of.

8. according to claim 1 and 2 or the 3 described composite constructions stress rib that prestores, it is characterized in that described outer tube is to be put together by adhesive by at least one section of jurisdiction, the radial tubes sheet number of plies of outer tube is one deck or is multilayer.

9. the composite construction according to claim 2 stress rib that prestores is characterized in that, the ultimate-use (limiting service) temperature of described outer tube material is higher than cementing agent, core body at least one thermal change temperature among both.

10. the composite construction according to claim 2 stress rib that prestores is characterized in that, described heater is at least a in metal material, conductive carbon material, the ferrimagnet.

11. according to claim 2 or the 10 described composite constructions stress rib that prestores, it is characterized in that described heater is outer tube or core body.

12. according to claim 2 or the 10 described composite constructions stress rib that prestores, it is characterized in that described heater is electrically connected with wire.

13. according to claim 1 and 2 or the 3 described composite constructions stress rib that prestores, it is characterized in that, described cementing agent by inorganic adhesive, metallic adhesive, thermal change temperature between 40 ℃ to 300 ℃ and operating temperature the macromolecule thermosetting resin more than 25 ℃ and a kind of the making in the thermoplastic resin.

14. one kind such as the prestore manufacture method of stress rib of the described composite construction of one of claim 1～13, it is characterized in that step is as follows:

2), the stretch-draw outer tube, make its stress reach design load;

4), unclamp the stretch-draw of outer tube.

15. one kind such as the prestore manufacture method of stress rib of the described composite construction of one of claim 1～13, it is characterized in that step is as follows:

1), between outer tube and core body, adds bonding agent;

2), the stretch-draw outer tube, make its stress reach design load;

4), unclamp the stretch-draw of outer tube.

The manufacture method of stress rib is characterized in that 16. composite construction according to claim 15 prestores, and before bonding agent solidifies, core body is applied precompression.

17. one kind such as the prestore manufacture method of stress rib of the described composite construction of one of claim 1～13, it is characterized in that step is as follows:

4), unclamp the stretch-draw of outer tube.