CN103044877B - Composite material containing modified basalt fiber and polymer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite material containing modified basalt fiber and polymer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103044877B CN103044877B CN201210539838.9A CN201210539838A CN103044877B CN 103044877 B CN103044877 B CN 103044877B CN 201210539838 A CN201210539838 A CN 201210539838A CN 103044877 B CN103044877 B CN 103044877B
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Abstract
The invention provides composite material containing a modified basalt and a polymer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the main components of the composite material contains: 1200-1300 parts of polymer, 700-800 parts of modified basalt fiber, and 5-50 parts of surfactant coupling agent. The method, by means of the mechanical force, supersonic wave and electromagnetic force synthetic effect of the surfactant or coupling agent, comprises: uniformly dispersing the polymer and the modified basalt fiber into a solvent to prepare a uniform and stabile mixture, adding another solvent into the mixture, implementing the cladding or wrapping to the modified basalt fiber while precipitating the polymer from the mixture, and then forming the composite material of the modified basalt fiber containing polymer. The composite material can be used for preparing asphalt with excellent performances, the method has the advantages of low cost, simple operation and easy enlargement, and the method makes it easy for the modified basalt fiber to be uniformly dispersed in the polymer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to matrix material preparation field, relate to and take matrix material and the method that treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance prepared by the precipitator method as raw material.
Background technology
The rock of the earth can be divided three classes: sedimentogeneous rock, metamorphosed rock and volcanic rock.Sedimentogeneous rock is earth surface process weathering, by wind and water carrying, is formed.Metamorphosed rock is that the earth is interior under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, physics, chemical transformation occurs, the mineral that crystallization forms again.Volcanic rock is the rock that magma forms after underground or the condensation of the ejection earth's crust, claims again magmatite.Volcanic rock can be divided into three kinds of persilicic rock, neutral rock and subsiliceous rocks by the number of dioxide-containing silica.Dioxide-containing silica is persilicic rock over 65% volcanic rock, as grouan and ryolite; Dioxide-containing silica is subsiliceous rock lower than 52% volcanic rock, as basalt and gabbro; The marginal volcanic rock of dioxide-containing silica is neutral rock, as diorite and andesite.Volcanic rock is divided into two kinds, particulate volcanic rock and coarse grain volcanic rock by the large I of mineral grain, and because basalt is the particulate rock of ejection, density is large, and crystallization belongs to high temperature and forms.In composition of basalts, the content of silicon-dioxide is in the majority between 44-52%, and aluminium sesquioxide content is between 12-18%, and ferric oxide and ferric oxide content are between 9-14%.Basalt belongs to refractory mineral raw material, and temperature of fusion is more than 1500 ℃.The potassium oxide wherein containing, the compositions such as magnesium oxide and titanium dioxide, have played vital role to raising fiber waterproof, corrosion resistance nature.The basalt of volcano derivant structure is all higher than the quartzitic Young's modulus in shale, sandstone and metamorphosed rock in sedimentogeneous rock, and this makes basalt fibre have the performances such as high temperature resistant, tensile strength good, Young's modulus is high.In basalt, siliceous higher and molten mass (particularly within the scope of mold temperature) does not have the most applicable drawing fiber of basalt of nucleus.
Basalt fibre is that to take natural base basalt ore be raw material, will after its fragmentation, add in melting furnaces, and the fiber of making after 1450～1500 ℃ of meltings, is the fourth-largest hi-tech fiber after carbon fiber, aramid fiber, superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers.
Basalt fibre is compared with other tec fiber, having heat insulation, moistureproof, waterproof, fire prevention, acid and alkali-resistance, cold insulation, sound absorption, good tensile strength, corrosion-resistant and not regression of life-time service, a lot of unique excellent properties such as deteriorated, is the low price substitute of carbon fiber etc.And cost of material is cheap, need not other materials (general glass fibre needs higher proportion scale), cheap productive expense.Particularly main, because it takes from natural crystal, and without any additive, be the not carcinogenic green glass matter fiber product of unique so far non-environmental-pollution.
Just because basalt fibre and matrix material thereof have the irreplaceable effect of other material, China's Long-and Medium-term Development planning is classified advanced composite material as important development direction, and clearly continuous basalt fiber one is listed as to one of the four large new high-tech fibers that will give priority to.
China has and extremely enriches the good basalt ore reserves of quality, spreads all over motherland on both sides of the Changjiang River.According to geographical position, can be divided into 2 large regions: the one, along east China continental shore, form hundreds of volcanic cluster and volcanic cone, become a part for Pacific Rim chain of volcanoes, another is the volcanic cluster that is positioned at Qinghai-Tibet Platean and surrounding area.Basaltic factual survey is shown in Sichuan, the province such as Yunnan, Hunan, Heilungkiang, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Xinjiang, Hainan Island and Taiwan, have the basalt mineral deposit that is applicable to producing basalt continuous fiber.
Basalt fibre Application Areas and development prospect: as good in mechanical property due to basalt fibre, resistance to elevated temperatures is good, can non-stop run within the scope of-269～700 ℃; Acid-fast alkali-proof, anti-ultraviolet property is strong, and water absorbability is low, has better environmental resistance.In addition, also have that good insulation preformance, high temperature filtration are good, radioprotective, good wave penetrate capability, nothing " three wastes " are discharged, free from environmental pollution nontoxic, without features such as explosion hazard, resistance to corrosion are strong.Take basalt fibre as reinforcement can be made into the matrix material of various excellent performances, be described as the novel material of 21 century.
Basalt fiber material has important use value industrial, being widely used in weaving, fire-fighting, environmental protection, aerospace, automobile shipbuilding, engineering plastics, also can being widely used in the fields such as energy-conservation, adiabatic, civil construction project and military project, is a kind of main raw that 21st century supported high-tech product, especially National defense industry construction.
Although polymer materials only has the developing history of decades, its tempo is fast, apply extensively, considerably beyond any other material in human history.Polymkeric substance has a lot of good and unique performances such as plasticity-, snappiness, film-forming properties, can make various plastics, acacia gum, synthon, coating and tackiness agent etc.But also there is non-refractory, high, the easy burning of insufficient strength in polymkeric substance, easily aging, easy generation accumulates the shortcomings such as static, how to overcome these shortcomings and further improve the hot issue that the performance of polymkeric substance is present material field.
Due to the good mechanical property of polymer materials, with polymkeric substance, replace the application of metallic substance increasing, but the electrical insulating property of polymer product in use easily produces and accumulation static it.Therefore this can bring the loss that disadvantageous consequence is even serious, and it is very important that development can be eliminated the effective high-intensity type material of static.
In one of problem facing containing people in the preparation of treated basalt fiber polymer composites, be exactly the dispersed more difficult of treated basalt fiber, this is because the diameter of treated basalt fiber is more carefully micron-sized, have with the similar surface effects of other micro-powder, small-size effect, thereby have larger specific surface area and higher surface energy, easily there is the problems such as reunion.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of matrix material containing treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance and preparation method thereof, this matrix material has anti-electrostatic, inhales the functions such as ripple, high strength, can also the good high-elastic mould pitch of processability.The method is with low cost, simple to operate, be easy to amplify, and easily realizes dispersed in polymkeric substance of treated basalt fiber.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
One of technical scheme of the present invention:
Containing a matrix material for treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance, the weight part proportioning of component and component comprises:
1200 parts-1300 parts, polymkeric substance;
700 parts-800 parts of treated basalt fibers;
5 parts-50 parts of tensio-active agent or coupling agents;
Described treated basalt fiber is Al
2o
3mass content be 6%-18%, the mass content of iron protoxide and ferric oxide is 9%-16%, acidity quotient is 1.2-4.8, and the mid diameter of making by centrifuging is that the fibre content>=65% ﹑ unit weight of 1 micron of-8 Wei meter ﹑ length/footpath>=8 is the wadding fibrous group that 70 grams per liter～380 grams per liters, particle diameter are 3mm-8mm;
Described polymkeric substance is selected from one or more in polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, polyoxymethylene, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide and polyether-ether-ketone;
Described tensio-active agent is selected from one or more in sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium stearate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene glycol, beta-cyclodextrin, polyoxyethylene wax, polyethylene wax, tween and stearylamine;
Described coupling agent is selected from one or more in silane coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and titanate coupling agent.
Preferred technical scheme is: a kind of matrix material containing treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance, and the weight part proportioning of component and component comprises:
1250 parts-1300 parts, polymkeric substance;
710 parts-780 parts of treated basalt fibers;
40 parts-50 parts of tensio-active agent or coupling agents;
Described polymkeric substance is preferably polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate or polystyrene;
Described coupling agent is preferably silane coupling agent;
Described tensio-active agent is preferably sodium lauryl sulphate or Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.
The preparation method of described treated basalt fiber is preferably: take basalt as raw material is after 1350 ℃～1680 ℃ meltings, the interrupted cotton-shaped basalt fibre that adopts multiaxis centrifuging to make under the effect of magnetoresistive effect.
This matrix material can also comprise filler, and the weight part content of filler is 30 parts-600 parts.
Described filler is preferably selected from one or more in carbide of calcium, carbon black, white carbon black, polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylmethacrylate and softening agent.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention:
The preparation method of the described matrix material containing treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance of the present invention, concrete steps are: first treated basalt fiber, polymkeric substance, tensio-active agent or coupling agent, filler are evenly spread in solvent orange 2 A by the mode of stirring and sonic oscillation, obtain mixed solution; Again solvent B is joined in described mixed solution and mixed, make product Precipitation and complete the coated or parcel of polymkeric substance to treated basalt fiber; Then remove solvent orange 2 A and solvent B, obtain throw out; Finally, by described throw out vacuum drying, obtain product;
Described solvent orange 2 A is selected from N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone, DMF, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, pimelinketone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane, 1,2-ethylene dichloride or phenol; Described solvent B is selected from dehydrated alcohol, methyl alcohol, acetone, Virahol, propyl carbinol, normal hexane, deionized water or sherwood oil.
The method also comprises by shearing action first carries out pre-dispersed processing by treated basalt fiber, polymkeric substance, tensio-active agent or coupling agent and filler, then mixes with solvent orange 2 A.
Below the present invention will be further explained:
The treated basalt fiber that the present invention adds is that to take basalt and other mineral substance be raw material, by the treated basalt fiber of making by centrifuging after high-temperature fusion, its more general continuous basalt fiber has the advantages that fiber Cheng Sigeng is thin, process costs low yield is high, starting material distribute extensively, be easy to moulding.Its surfaceness and microcrack can increase " anchoring " of it and body material compound tense, are more suitable for asphaltic base fluoropolymer resin system.Due to treated basalt fiber, there is the performances such as good mechanics, electricity, calorifics, it and polymer materials are carried out to compound or hydridization, can make the treated basalt fiber matrix material of excellent property, this material mixes and in pitch, forms asphaltic base fluoropolymer resin system, to improve the high and low temperature of pitch and antifatigue, every comprehensive technical performance such as ageing-resistant, and the recycling for bituminous concrete has extremely long-pending meaning, also has anti-electrostatic, inhales the functions such as ripple, snappiness, high tenacity, high strength.
The acidity quotient of described treated basalt fiber is 1.2-4.8, by regulating other component content in basalt fibre to realize, described other composition is common practise, oxide compounds such as silicon-dioxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, as disclosed other composition in patent application CN101255011A.The preparation method of described treated basalt fiber also can obtain by known method, for example disclosed method in patent application CN101255011A.
The present invention realizes by following principle:
First by means of tensio-active agent or coupling agent, the emulsification producing by stir or ultrasonic wave etc., broken, the multiple-effects such as activation and dispersion are by polymkeric substance, treated basalt fiber and other filler are made the mixed solution containing certain treated basalt fiber in solvent orange 2 A, then solvent B is added in above-mentioned mixed solution, polymkeric substance just with the Precipitation together such as treated basalt fiber, and complete the coated or parcel of polymkeric substance to treated basalt fiber, remove solvent and gained mixture is dried in a vacuum to the polymer composites that is certain content treated basalt fiber.
The different in kind polymkeric substance showing during by heating can be divided into thermoplastic polymer and thermosetting polymer, and thermoplastic polymer comprises polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, tetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyoxymethylene, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether-ether-ketone etc.Select suitable solvent a and solvent b, according to the method described in the present invention, these polymkeric substance can be made the matrix material containing treated basalt fiber, for example polycarbonate can be used N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone, N, dinethylformamide, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, pimelinketone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane, 1,2-ethylene dichloride, phenol (heat) etc. are made solvent orange 2 A, with dehydrated alcohol, methyl alcohol, acetone, Virahol, propyl carbinol, normal hexane, deionized water, sherwood oil etc., are solvent B.
For improving the dispersiveness of treated basalt fiber in polymkeric substance and the bonding strength of polymkeric substance, also can to basalt fibre, carry out other physics and chemistry modification for the surface property of subject polymer.Such as basalt fibre is coated, the processing such as cutting, plating, plasma body, corona, high temperature graphitization, chemical oxidation can make it to become have a fixed length through than, with particular functional group's treated basalt fiber.Research shows can be with hydroxyl, carbonyl, the carboxyl isopolarity functional group of some amount on treated basalt fiber that oxide treatment crosses, the existence of these functional groups can improve the dispersiveness of basalt fibre in the polymeric matrix with polar group effectively, and can significantly increase the bonding strength between they and subject polymer interface.
The mixed solution that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance by magnetic agitation or mechanical stirring, can promote polymer particle in solvent rapid movement and in the process fully contacting with solvent accelerate dissolution, under the effect of the shearing strength between layers simultaneously causing in each fluid layer flow velocity difference of fluid internal cause, the aggregate of treated basalt fiber wherein can be broken and be evenly dispersed in whole system.
When ultrasonic wave is passed through a kind of liquid medium, can cause that liquid internal moment produces a large amount of micro-bubbles, this phenomenon is called as " ultrasonic hole ", sonochemistry Theoretical Calculation and relevant experimental study show that " ultrasonic hole " can produce the high temperature of 5000K and the high pressure of 500atm, and the speed of heating and cooling can surpass 10
9k/S, and reach jet and the Discharge illuminating transients of 400km with strong shockwave and speed per hour, so violent variation can make completely originally to reunite the treated basalt fiber that is intertwined broken, separate coalescence and be distributed in organic medium one by one.
The molecule of tensio-active agent and coupling agent all contains hydrophilic polar group and two kinds of building stones of different nature of oil loving non-polar group, and they can make to have organism of different nature together with inorganics combination or bridging.They can be adsorbed on the surface of solids and can produce enough energy barriers and stop solids to be reunited, the while because of them, have amphiphilic can increase organic medium to the wettability of solids and solids the diffustivity in organic medium.Thereby can make solids stable dispersion in solid-liquid suspension body in organic medium.For example, in the present invention, the tensio-active agent that we use has sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium stearate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene glycol, beta-cyclodextrin, polyoxyethylene wax, polyethylene wax, tween, stearylamine, hyper-dispersant and Sudan Gum-arabic etc., coupling agent used is KH540, KH550, KH560, SG-Si900, NDZ-101, NDZ-201, TTS, OL-AT1618, DL411 etc.Research shows can to make the dispersion of treated basalt fiber in organic medium more even and increased consistency and knot and the power between treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance in matrix material adding of proper amount of surfactant or coupling agent.
In addition, for further improving the over-all properties of material, in the preparation process of matrix material of the present invention, also can add other filler, as: the organic fillers such as the mineral fillers such as calcium carbonate, carbon black, silicon-dioxide, graphite fibre, metal powder, glass microsphere, metal oxide, shell powder, asbestos and polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylmethacrylate, polystyrene, polysiloxane.Because the existence of filler can make the hypomotility of polymer segment, diameter is less than the small-particle of 10 microns can increase cross-linking density, and active filler meeting improves the second-order transition temperature of matrix material.Adding a kind of incompatible polymers can increase the shock-resistance of another kind of polymkeric substance (as polystyrene), and the resin that adds other pulverizing can increase the oilness of plastics.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
Matrix material of the present invention is the functional composite material of developing for preparing high-elastic mould pitch, this material mixes and in pitch, forms asphaltic base fluoropolymer resin system, can improve greatly the anti-high and low temperature of pitch and antifatigue, every comprehensive technical performance (seeing Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) such as ageing-resistant, and the recycling for bituminous concrete has extremely long-pending meaning, and this matrix material also has anti-electrostatic, inhales the functions such as ripple, snappiness, high tenacity, high strength.For the pitch of preparing different technologies requirement, can select different ingredients material to make applicable matrix material by above method.
Method of the present invention is with low cost, simple to operate, be easy to amplify, and easily realizes dispersed in polymkeric substance of treated basalt fiber.Because of treated basalt fiber mean diameter 1-8 m, and continuous basalt fiber mean diameter 13-21 m, compare that to have the thinner specific surface area of fiber larger, and production cost is lower, output is larger, actual use in effect better.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the electron microscope picture of the treated basalt fiber used of embodiment 1, and magnification ratio is 5000:1;
Fig. 2 is the Electronic Speculum figure of the preparation-obtained BMF/NT736 matrix material of embodiment 1, and magnification ratio is 200:1.
Fig. 3 is that the high-elastic modulus fibre composite asphalt of BMF/NT--ROXAL series detects index described in embodiment 1-3;
Fig. 4 is BMF/NT836-ROXAL831 high-modulus asphalt concrete performance technologies index measured drawing described in embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.
embodiment 1:
Treated basalt fiber preparation: take basalt as main raw material is after 1350 ℃～1680 ℃ meltings, the interrupted cotton-shaped basalt fibre that adopts multiaxis centrifuging to make under the effect of magnetoresistive effect.Described treated basalt fiber is Al
2o
3mass content be 6%-18%, the mass content of iron protoxide and ferric oxide is 9%-16%, acidity quotient is 1.2-4.8; And mid diameter is that the fibre content>=65% ﹑ unit weight of 1 micron of-8 Wei meter ﹑ length/footpath>=8 is the wadding fibrous group that 70 grams per liter～380 grams per liters, particle diameter are 3mm-8mm;
The preparation method of matrix material:
By means of the above-mentioned treated basalt fiber stirring and ultrasonic wave is 2.3 by 1295 grams of polycarbonate, 50 grams of sodium lauryl sulphate and 713 grams of acidity quotients, in 5600 grams of N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone, make uniform mixed solution, then 260 grams of deionized waters are added in above-mentioned mixed solution, mixture is Precipitation just, except desolventizing gained mixture is dried in 60-90 ℃ of vacuum drying oven is treated basalt fiber content, be 53% matrix material, be designated as BMF/NT736 matrix material.
Result: Fig. 1 is the electron microscope picture of treated basalt fiber used, Fig. 2 is the electron microscope picture of BMF/NT736 matrix material, as shown in Figure 1, before not compound with polymkeric substance, treated basalt fiber is thinner, mean diameter is in 3 m left and right, and after it and polycarbonate is compound, as shown in Figure 2, the outside that polycarbonate is coated on treated basalt fiber has more uniformly formed matrix material, the diameter of the treated basalt fiber being wrapped by obviously increases, and treated basalt fiber is uniformly dispersed in polycarbonate.
The application of matrix material:
1000 grams of No. 70 road traffic pitches are heated to 165 ℃, pitch is sprayed in 120 grams of preparation-obtained BMF/NT736 matrix materials of embodiment 1, add 65 grams of polyethylene simultaneously; By rubbing, high-shear and hyperacoustic multiple action by itself and pitch melt kneading, make high modulus fibre composite asphalt, be called: BMF/NT736-ROXAL785, its performance data is shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, this matrix material is mixed in pitch, can greatly improve the anti-high and low temperature of pitch and antifatigue, every comprehensive technical performance such as ageing-resistant, can significantly improve road surface supporting capacity, extend work-ing life of bituminous pavement.
embodiment 2:
Treated basalt fiber described in the embodiment 1 that is first 1.2 by 1295 grams of polymethyl methacrylates, 5 grams of sodium lauryl sulphate and 780 grams of acidity quotients stir and hyperacoustic effect under in 5600 grams of N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone, make uniform mixed solution, then 260 grams of methyl alcohol are added in above-mentioned mixed solution, just have polymethyl methacrylate/treated basalt fiber mixture and separate out, it being dried with separated from solvent and in 60 ℃ of-90 ℃ of vacuum drying ovens and be treated basalt fiber content is 60% polymethyl methacrylate matrix material.Be designated as BMF/NT836 matrix material.Result is with embodiment 1.
The application of matrix material:
1000 grams of No. 70 road traffic pitches are heated to 165 ℃, and just pitch sprays in the prepared BMF/NT836 matrix material of 120 grams of embodiment 2, adds 65 grams of polyethylene simultaneously; By rubbing, high-shear and hyperacoustic multiple action by itself and pitch melt kneading, make high modulus fibre composite asphalt, be called: BMF/NT836-ROXAL831, its performance data is shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, this matrix material is mixed in pitch, can greatly improve the anti-high and low temperature of pitch and antifatigue, every comprehensive technical performance such as ageing-resistant, can significantly improve road surface supporting capacity, extend work-ing life of bituminous pavement.
embodiment 3:
First utilize to stir and treated basalt fiber that ultrasonic wave is 3.6 by 780 grams of acidity quotients described in 1295 grams of polystyrene, 5 grams of KH-550 silane coupling agents and embodiment 1 is made uniform mixed solution in 5600 grams of chloroforms, then 260 grams of dehydrated alcohols are added in above-mentioned mixed solution, just having polystyrene/treated basalt fiber mixture separates out, mixture and separated from solvent are dried in 60 ℃ of-90 ℃ of vacuum drying ovens to be treated basalt fiber content be 60% poly styrene composite material, be designated as BMF/NT936 matrix material.Result is with embodiment 1.
The application of matrix material:
1000 grams of No. 70 road traffic pitches are heated to 165 ℃, pitch is sprayed in the prepared BMF/NT936 matrix material of above-mentioned 180 grams of embodiment 3, again by high-shear, rubbing, continue to be heated to 185 ℃, add during this period 35 grams of 43 grams of methyl methacrylates and styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers (SBS), by hyperacoustic multiple action by itself and pitch melt kneading, make high modulus fibre composite asphalt, be called: BMF/NT936-ROXAL712, its performance data is shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, this matrix material is mixed in pitch, the viscosity of visible great raising pitch, ductility and elasticity, the height of asphalt, low-temperature performance and antifatigue, every comprehensive technical performance such as ageing-resistant significantly improves, can significantly improve the supporting capacity on road surface, extend the work-ing life of bituminous pavement.
Claims (6)
1. containing a matrix material for treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance, it is characterized in that, the weight part proportioning of component and component comprises:
1200 parts-1300 parts, polymkeric substance;
700 parts-800 parts of treated basalt fibers;
5 parts-50 parts of tensio-active agent or coupling agents;
Described treated basalt fiber is Al
2o
3mass content be 6%-18%, the mass content of iron protoxide and ferric oxide is 9%-16%, acidity quotient is 1.2-4.8, and the mid diameter of making by centrifuging is that the fibre content>=65% ﹑ unit weight of 1 micron of-8 Wei meter ﹑ length/footpath>=8 is the wadding fibrous group that 70 grams per liter～380 grams per liters, particle diameter are 3mm-8mm; The preparation method of described treated basalt fiber is: take basalt as raw material is after 1350 ℃～1680 ℃ meltings, the interrupted cotton-shaped basalt fibre that adopts multiaxis centrifuging to make under the effect of magnetoresistive effect;
Described polymkeric substance is selected from one or more in polycarbonate, polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate;
Described tensio-active agent is selected from one or more in sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium stearate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene glycol, beta-cyclodextrin, polyoxyethylene wax, polyethylene wax, tween and stearylamine;
Described coupling agent is selected from one or more in silane coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and titanate coupling agent.
2. according to claim 1 containing the matrix material of treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance, it is characterized in that, the weight part proportioning of component and component comprises:
1250 parts-1300 parts, polymkeric substance;
710 parts-780 parts of treated basalt fibers;
40 parts-50 parts of tensio-active agent or coupling agents;
Described polymkeric substance is polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate or polystyrene;
Described coupling agent is silane coupling agent;
Described tensio-active agent is sodium lauryl sulphate or Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.
3. according to containing the matrix material of treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, this matrix material also comprises filler, and the weight part content of filler is 30 parts-600 parts.
4. according to claim 3 containing the matrix material of treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance, it is characterized in that, described filler is selected from one or more in carbide of calcium, carbon black, white carbon black, polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylmethacrylate and softening agent.
5. described in one of claim 1-4, contain the preparation method of the matrix material of treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are: first treated basalt fiber, polymkeric substance, tensio-active agent or coupling agent, filler are evenly spread in solvent orange 2 A by the mode of stirring and sonic oscillation, obtain mixed solution; Again solvent B is joined in described mixed solution and mixed, make product Precipitation and complete the coated or parcel of polymkeric substance to treated basalt fiber; Then elimination solvent orange 2 A and solvent B, obtain throw out; Finally, by described throw out vacuum drying, obtain product;
Described solvent orange 2 A is selected from N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone, DMF, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, pimelinketone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane, 1,2-ethylene dichloride or phenol; Described solvent B is selected from dehydrated alcohol, methyl alcohol, acetone, Virahol, propyl carbinol, normal hexane, deionized water or sherwood oil.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, first treated basalt fiber, polymkeric substance, tensio-active agent or coupling agent and filler is carried out to pre-dispersed processing, then mix with solvent orange 2 A by shearing action.
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