CN103042940A - Piezoelectric active and passive mixed vibration suppression method for automobile body structure - Google Patents
Piezoelectric active and passive mixed vibration suppression method for automobile body structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103042940A CN103042940A CN 201310023006 CN201310023006A CN103042940A CN 103042940 A CN103042940 A CN 103042940A CN 201310023006 CN201310023006 CN 201310023006 CN 201310023006 A CN201310023006 A CN 201310023006A CN 103042940 A CN103042940 A CN 103042940A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a piezoelectric active and passive mixed vibration suppression method for an automobile body structure and belongs to a structure vibration control method. Direct and inverse piezoelectric effects of piezoelectric materials are used, vibration of wallboards of the automobile body is sensed and controlled through one or more piezoelectric elements distributed on surfaces of the wallboards of the automobile body, and the active and passive mixed control on the vibration of the automobile structure is achieved through combining a control algorithm. According to the method, advantages of small added mass, wide bands and good controllability of the active vibration technology and good reliability, stability and robustness and little energy consumption of the passive damping control technology are comprehensively used, and the effective suppression of the vibration of the automobile body structure is achieved with small system added mass and little energy input.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automotive body structure and press down method of slight, but but relate in particular to and a kind ofly utilize the positive inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric that automotive body structure is carried out initiatively shaking to press down method of slight with the passive passive mixing of master that combines of shaking.
Background technology
The energy and environment are becoming the two large deciding factors that affect the world car industry development, and the energy-conserving and environment-protective level that improves automobile is the important topic that at present domestic and international each large automobile vendor faces.Automotive light weight technology is to reduce fuel oil consumption, realize the most directly method of energy-conserving and environment-protective, yet that the problem that lightweight brings is exactly the vehicle body materials is not enough, causes body stiffness to reduce, and the internal car noise ecological deterioration has a strong impact on the travelling comfort of automobile.In the structural vibration control method, the materials that adopt larger damping ratio utilize sound insulation, vibration isolation technique more, perhaps re-start structure design and control noise at present, and the result often contradicts with the target of automotive light weight technology.Piezoelectric has fast response time, energy density height, bandwidth, without characteristics such as electromagnetic interference, in the vibration and noise control field, be widely used, but but prior art concentrates on mainly that simple active is shaken or passive shaking.There is the problem of poor robustness in simple ACTIVE CONTROL, in case emergency case occurs, during such as system power failure or strong magnetic disturbance, initiatively pressing down vibrating system can be entirely ineffective, even the system of generation unstability, plays the opposite effect effect; Simple Passive Control poor controllability, the inhibition of vibration of generation is limited, can't satisfy the inhibition of vibration requirement that day by day improves.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of passive mixing of Novel main that is applied to auto body vibration control field and press down method of slight, to solve the problems such as at present simple ACTIVE CONTROL poor robustness and simple Passive Control inhibition of vibration be not obvious.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is: n piezoelectric device according to the position distribution of calculation optimization in the regional of automotive body structure surface, link to each other with controller data collection/output port, but by working out the vibration control that mixes under the algorithm realization different working modes that shakes.But mix the algorithm that shakes and relate to Algorithm of Active Control, Passive Control algorithm and main passive hybrid algorithm.Algorithm of Active Control is by gathering the real-time vibrational state of each piezoelectric element, calculate the voltage that is applied to each piezoelectric element according to built-in computation model, so that each piezoelectric element produces the application force that suppresses body vibrations, realize the quick inhibition of body vibrations; The Passive Control algorithm is the real-time vibrational state by each piezoelectric element, calculate the electricity control parameter of the shunting dissipation circuit of each piezoelectric element according to built-in computation model, electricity parameter coupling by dissipation circuit and piezoelectric element state is carried out effective dissipation of vibrational energy, realizes the establishment of body vibrations; Main passive hybrid algorithm is by the identification vehicle working condition, determines mode of operation of living in, for different vibration controls zone, body structure surface, carries out selection and the switching of ACTIVE CONTROL and Passive Control, realizes main passive mixing control.
Piezoelectric among the present invention can be PZT piezoelectric ceramic, PVDF piezoelectric polymer thin-film material, the perhaps grand fiber composite materials of MFC piezoelectricity.But and can shake by the driving body structure that is combined into of one or more.
Piezoelectric device can adopt single layer of piezoelectric material to carry out the body structure vibration control among the present invention.In order to improve the vibration control effect, can improve by the mode of multiple-layer stacked the power output of piezoelectric device, and then improve inhibition of vibration.The multiple-layer stacked structure improves the power output of piezoelectric device under the prerequisite that does not increase control voltage.
The combination of the two is realized on piezoelectric device and body structure surface among the present invention by mode bonding or that imbed.Bonding way adopts adhesive special that piezoelectric element is affixed on the body structure surface, and its size shape and paste position obtain by simulation calculation; Embedded mode is in the wagon sheet fabrication phase, and piezoelectric and wagon sheet are carried out Compound Machining, forms the precast composite slab material with the distribution piezoelectric element, is suitable for batch manufacturing.
Automotive body structure among the present invention is thin-wall construction and body rail structure.According to the characteristics of Vehicular vibration the body structure vibration area can be divided into car door zone, car bonnet zone, car roof is regional, luggage-boot lid is regional, fender guard is regional, floor area, front side member zone, floor side member is regional, side bar is regional.
Passive Control utilizes piezoelectric element that vibrational energy is converted into electric energy among the present invention, by dissipation circuit or energy recovery circuit for electric the electric energy that piezoelectric element produces is carried out energy dissipation or recovery.The electric energy that utilizes resistance-inductance circuit in parallel or series connection that piezoelectric element is produced by vibration is converted to the mode of joule heat and carries out energy dissipation, but implementation structure shakes; Utilize energy recovery circuit for electric that the electric energy that piezoelectric element is produced by vibration is stored, utilize the electric energy that reclaims storage that the controller, ACTIVE CONTROL piezoelectric element or the vehicle electronic circuit device that press down vibrating system are powered, the realization energy is recycled.
The vehicle operation pattern causes that according to vehicle operating mode of living in the power of body vibrations is divided into passive work mode, active work mode, blend modes of operation, power down operations pattern among the present invention.
Separately advantage of the comprehensive ACTIVE CONTROL of the present invention and Passive Control, remedy separately shortcoming, the characteristics such as have that controllability is strong, strong robustness, control are effective realize optimum inhibition of vibration with less added mass.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 the present invention presses down the vibrating system structure and forms scheme drawing;
The material of the adhered piezoelectric element of Fig. 2 the present invention and structure configuration schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 flush type vehicle body of the present invention composite board principle of compositionality figure;
Fig. 4 body structure vibration control of the present invention area schematic;
Fig. 5 controller signals of the present invention transmits block diagram;
The element distribution graph but Fig. 6 piezoelectricity of the present invention shakes.
The specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, piezoelectric element 3 invests body structure 1 surface (being generally inside face), and but mixture control 2 data acquisition/output (I/O) ports are connected with piezoelectric element 3 and form the passive mixing of body structure piezoelectricity master vibrating system.
Its principle of work is: piezoelectric element 3 according to the position distribution of calculation optimization in the regional of auto body thin-wall construction surface, the vibration characteristic signals of piezoelectric element 3 feedback body structures 1, by algorithm and the hardware circuit that is built in the mixture control 2 piezoelectric element is driven, realize body vibrations control.Algorithm is for the vibration characteristic of different operating modes but the mixing of presetting in the mixture control 2 is shaken, and corresponding different mode of operations is realized the control of body structure mixing vibration.
With reference to Fig. 2, piezoceramic (PZT) element 5 is pasted on body structure 4 surfaces, and structure (a) is individual layer PZT piezoelectric element, and structure (b) is double-deck PZT piezoelectric element, and structure (c) is multilayer PZT piezoelectric element; Piezopolymer (PVDF) element 6 is pasted on the body structure surface, and structure (d) is individual layer PVDF piezoelectric element, and structure (e) is double-deck PVDF piezoelectric element, and structure (f) is multilayer PVDF piezoelectric element; The grand fiber composite materials of piezoelectricity (MFC) element 7 is pasted on the body structure surface, and structure (g) is individual layer MFC piezoelectric element, and structure (h) is double-deck MFC piezoelectric element, and structure (i) is multilayer PVDF piezoelectric element; Structure (j) is element but the piezoelectricity that forms for two kinds of piezoelectrics of PZT piezoelectric element and PVDF piezoelectric element shakes, structure (k) is element but the multi-layer piezoelectric that forms for double-deck PZT piezoelectric element and individual layer PVDF piezoelectric element shakes, and structure (l) is element but the multi-layer piezoelectric that forms for MFC piezoelectric element, PZT piezoelectric element and PVDF piezoelectric element shakes.
Its principle of work is: piezoelectric element can improve the driving control effort by suitable increase piezoelectric layer thickness, but the driving voltage of the larger needs of thickness is higher, be unfavorable for Power Management Design and practical application, structure (b), (e) and (h) be respectively the double-decker of piezoelectric element 5,6 and 7 correspondences, structure (c), (f) and (i) be respectively the multiple-structure of piezoelectric element 5,6 and 7 correspondences, adopt this multiple-structure under the prerequisite that does not increase driving voltage, to improve the vibration control power of piezoelectric element.Character and characteristics for different piezoelectrics, PZT piezoelectric element 8 is as driving layer, PVDF piezoelectric element 9 as sensing layer in the structure (j), the PZT piezoelectric element forms double-decker as driving layer, PVDF piezoelectric element as the sensing layer structure in the structure (k), MFC piezoelectric element and PZT piezoelectric element form double-decker as driving layer, PVDF piezoelectric element as sensing layer in the structure (l), the different materials piezoelectric element is used separately as driving layer and sensing layer, but but can improve the ability of shaking of the element that shakes, realize the establishment of body vibrations.
With reference to Fig. 3, piezoelectric element 12 places between wagon sheet 10 and the composite base material 11, forms the flush type composite structure of built-in piezoelectric element.
Its principle of work is: piezoelectric element 12 is connected with mixture control as vibration control ACTIVE CONTROL element and feedback sensitive member, can form to mix and press down vibrating system.Embedded mode is compared with bonding method, it is advantageous that suitable batch manufacturing, high conformity.
With reference to Fig. 4, but whole body structure is divided into a plurality of zones that shake, zone 13 is the car bonnet control area, and zone 14 is vehicle body ceiling control area, and zone 15 is the car door control area, and zone 16 is the control area, floor, and zone 17 is the fender guard control area.
Its principle of work is: body structure is easy to cause that the zone of vibration mainly is distributed in the thin-wall construction part, particularly body outer skin of vehicle body.Corresponding different operating modes, zones of different has different vibration performances, mixes to press down in the vibrating system different mode of operations and can selectively enable each control area, with the vibration control requirement of the different operating modes of correspondence.
With reference to Fig. 5, piezoelectric element 18 is distributed in the vibration control zone 19 of body structure, but forms this regional piezoelectricity element networks of shaking.
Its principle of work is: piezoelectric element number n, physical dimension and paste position are determined by simulation calculation.Each piezoelectric element is separate, and under the active vibration master mode, each element namely can be used as actuator and carries out vibration control, can be used as again the vibration signal that sensor detects correspondence position; Under the passive vibration control pattern, piezoelectric element is converted to electric field energy with vibration mechanical energy, carries out energy dissipation and conversion by peripheral energy dissipation circuit or tank circuit, realizes vibration control.
With reference to Fig. 6, mixture control is the whole ECU (Electrical Control Unit) that presses down vibrating system, comprises central controller 20, I/O (I/O) circuit 21 and 22 3 component parts of sensing/driving (S/A) circuit.Central controller 20 comprises Passive Control unit, mixed control unit, ACTIVE CONTROL unit and mode of operation diagnosis unit; I/O circuit 21 comprises D/A (D/A) converting unit and mould/number (A/D) converting unit; S/A circuit 22 comprises driving circuit, dissipation circuit, tank circuit and sensing circuit.
Claims (6)
1. the passive mixing of automotive body structure piezoelectricity master presses down method of slight, it is characterized in that: the method is utilized the positive inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric, by the single or multiple piezoelectric elements that are distributed in the body structure surface, the mixing control that ACTIVE CONTROL combines with Passive Control is carried out in the vibration of body structure, wherein ACTIVE CONTROL is to utilize the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric element, piezoelectric element serves as actr the vibration deformation of vehicle body wallboard is applied opposition, but the active that realizes body structure is shaken; Passive Control is utilized the direct piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric element, the body structure vibration mechanical energy causes the distortion of piezoelectric element, and then make piezoelectric element produce the dielectric energy, utilize Piezoelectric Shunt to prop up path method with the power storage that produces or dissipate, can realize that but the passive of body structure shakes, according to concrete operating mode and body structure Vibration Condition, but in conjunction with the main passive mixing algorithm that shakes, realize the passive mixing control of master of body structure vibration.
2. the passive mixing of automotive body structure piezoelectricity master according to claim 1 presses down method of slight, and it is characterized in that: piezoelectric is piezoceramic (PZT), piezopolymer (PVDF) or the grand fiber composite materials of piezoelectricity (MFC).
3. the passive mixing of automotive body structure piezoelectricity master according to claim 2 presses down method of slight, it is characterized in that: piezoelectric is the combination of one or more materials wherein, can carry out multiple-layer stacked according to the working control needs.
4. the passive mixing of automotive body structure piezoelectricity master according to claim 1 presses down method of slight, and it is characterized in that: the combination of piezoelectric element and bodywork surface is bonding way or embedded mode.
5. the passive mixing of automotive body structure piezoelectricity master according to claim 1 presses down method of slight, and it is characterized in that: described automotive body structure is generally vehicle body wallboard and the body rail structure that is easy to cause vibration.
6. the passive mixing of automotive body structure piezoelectricity master according to claim 1 presses down method of slight, it is characterized in that: Passive Control can adopt the power storage mode that the dielectric that piezoelectric element produces can be collected, the energy input the when electric energy of storing can be used for ACTIVE CONTROL, power supply or the used for automobile equipment of controller.
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| CN 201310023006 CN103042940A (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2013-01-22 | Piezoelectric active and passive mixed vibration suppression method for automobile body structure |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9267824B1 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2016-02-23 | Goodrich Corporation | Sensor systems |
| CN109164703A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2019-01-08 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of active-passive mixing control method of extraterrestrial target collision impact |
| US10378934B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2019-08-13 | Goodrich Corporation | Sensor systems |
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2013
- 2013-01-22 CN CN 201310023006 patent/CN103042940A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9267824B1 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2016-02-23 | Goodrich Corporation | Sensor systems |
| US10378934B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2019-08-13 | Goodrich Corporation | Sensor systems |
| US11215483B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2022-01-04 | Goodrich Corporation | Sensor systems |
| CN109164703A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2019-01-08 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of active-passive mixing control method of extraterrestrial target collision impact |
| CN109164703B (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2021-06-22 | 西北工业大学 | Active and passive hybrid control method for space target collision impact |
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Application publication date: 20130417 |