A kind of antifriction instrument with the function of axially creeping
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly bore extended reach well or horizontal well for gas, the antifriction instrument with the function of axially creeping is used for the oilfield drilling engineering.
Background technology
The application of extended reach well and horizontal well technology improves well yield and oil gas field recovery ratio greatly, has reduced the oil and gas development cost, but a key character---high frictional resistance, high moment of torsion cause horizontal section length limited when creeping into.Air drilling can significantly shorten well construction period, the protection oil-gas Layer.Air drilling is combined the gas horizontal well drilling, the extended reach well technology that produce with horizontal well, extended reach well technology be that non-conventional gas and oil is hidden, the powerful measure of marginal Reservoir Development, but this technology can meet with higher frictional resistance and moment of torsion in drilling process, suppressed the extensive use of this technology.
Improving gas bores the extension ability of extended reach well, horizontal well and effectively reduces the key that the frictional resistance moment of torsion is this combination technology success.Therefore design has been invented a kind of for gas brill extended reach well or horizontal well, the antifriction instrument with the function of axially creeping.Conventional antifriction instrument is divided into rotation and non-rotating two large classes; mainly comprise non-rotating drill pipe protector, drilling rod bearing short joint, DSTR pipe nipple, low drilling rod moment of torsion and various underground vibrating device, tractor, boost motor etc.; it is to reduce the effective contact size of drilling rod in pivoting friction by this type of instrument that resistance mechanism falls in anti-attrition, reduces the frictional resistance at effective contact point place.The present invention is based on the mechanics of materials, engineering mechanics and aerodynamics, by rational design, not only reduce the effective size of drilling rod in pivoting friction, reduce the frictional resistance at effective contact point place, while is in conjunction with the principle drafting tool axial advancement of tractor, initiatively creep, effectively improve the extension ability of drill string in well.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention: a kind of instrument that improves drill string down-hole extension ability, reduces frictional resistance that has is provided, proposes especially the antifriction instrument with the function of axially creeping that a kind of gas brill extended reach well or horizontal well are used.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention solves the technical scheme that this technical problem adopts: a kind of antifriction instrument with the function of axially creeping, mainly by top connection, upper cone, outer sleeve, the worm screw mandrel, lower cone, lower contact, worm gear, worm gear drive shaft, support, friction overdrive clutch, the crawling wheel positioning lining, crawling wheel, left helical gear, right helical gear, the compositions such as crawling wheel power transmission shaft and cover plate, by the worm screw mandrel, worm gear, friction overdrive clutch, left helical gear, the combination gearing of right helical gear and crawling wheel makes this instrument have driving shaft to the function of creeping in drilling process.
Worm screw mandrel and worm gear engagement, the torque energy when drill string is crept into partly converts tool spindle to the power of creeping.
The worm screw mandrel rotates and drives the worm gear rotation, drives friction overdrive clutch by worm gear drive shaft and rotates, and friction overdrive clutch to left helical gear and right helical gear, travels forward transmission of power finally by crossing crawling wheel power transmission shaft drive crawling wheel.
Further provide the annexation of torque transmission mechanism, worm screw mandrel and worm gear engagement, worm gear and friction overdrive clutch are fixed in the two ends of worm gear drive shaft, worm gear drive shaft is installed on two fixed supports, two supports are fixed in the outer sleeve, by worm screw mandrel, worm gear and worm gear drive shaft moment of torsion is delivered to friction overdrive clutch, forms torque transmission mechanism;
Further provide the annexation of climbing mechanism, friction overdrive clutch fixing on the worm gear drive shaft meshes with left helical gear and right helical gear simultaneously; Left helical gear and crawling wheel are fixed in the two ends of a crawling wheel power transmission shaft, and right helical gear and another crawling wheel are fixed in the two ends of another root crawling wheel power transmission shaft; Left helical gear, right helical gear, two crawling wheel power transmission shafts and two crawling wheels all are arranged in the crawling wheel positioning lining, and the crawling wheel positioning lining is placed in the hole of being located on the outer sleeve and is screwed, and on the crawling wheel positioning lining cover plate is set; Friction overdrive clutch drives simultaneously two crawling wheels when rotating and travels forward, and forms climbing mechanism, and the ability of creeping is provided.
Friction overdrive clutch is one-way rotation mechanism, when on when carrying drill string, crawling wheel counter-rotating but can not transmit torque to worm gear mandrel and drill string.
A preferred scheme is, worm screw mandrel and three worm gears engagements of pressing the 120 ° of distributions in phase angle, form three groups of torque transmission mechanisms, arrange at outer sleeve that to have the phase angle be three identical holes of 120 °, one group of crawling wheel positioning lining is installed in each hole, arranging like this can guarantee that crawling wheel contacts with the borehole wall in arbitrarily circumferential orientation, traction drill string axial advancement.
The crawling wheel positioning lining is put into the hole and be screwed, left helical gear and a crawling wheel are fixed in crawling wheel power transmission shaft two ends, right helical gear and another crawling wheel are fixed in another root crawling wheel power transmission shaft two ends, then respectively two groups of crawling wheel power transmission shafts are positioned in the positioning lining, allow left helical gear and right helical gear mesh with friction overdrive clutch simultaneously, add upper cover plate, crawling wheel positioning lining and cover plate are screwed.Friction overdrive clutch and worm gear are fixed in the worm gear drive shaft two ends simultaneously, at last the worm screw mandrel are rotated in round buss, allow worm gear and worm engaging, so that the power of creeping to be provided.When friction overdrive clutch rotated, moment of torsion was delivered to the crawling wheel power transmission shaft by left helical gear and right helical gear, drove at last crawling wheel and rotated forward, formed climbing mechanism, played antifriction, and driving shaft is to creeping the effect of traction drill string axial advancement.
The present invention is a kind of antifriction instrument with the function of axially creeping, for reach the worm screw mandrel with drill string rotating the relatively static effect of outer sleeve, top connection is connected by screw thread with lower contact inside and is connected with the worm screw mandrel, top connection is connected with the lower contact outside with upper cone and is connected by movable sealing mechanism with lower cone, and the outer sleeve two ends are fixed by keyway with upper cone and lower cone respectively; Guarantee that upper cone, outer sleeve are relative static when drill string rotates with lower cone, reduce the drill string moment of torsion; Crawling wheel makes the sliding friction of outer sleeve and the borehole wall become rolling friction, reduces frictional resistance.
Top connection of the present invention two ends are female joint, an end jointed rod, other end connecting worm mandrel; The lower contact two ends then are a public female joint, the male joint stacks, and female joint is the worm screw mandrel fixedly; Simultaneously, upper lower contact outside has step, can be with upper lower cone and outer sleeve fastening, and the effect that passes to the worm screw mandrel and turn round tighter and tighter with the moment of torsion that reaches drilling rod.
Antifriction instrument with the function of axially creeping provided by the invention, the inclined-plane tapering of the upper cone after the structure optimization and lower cone is 18 °, on upper lower cone inclined-plane and the surface spraying hard alloy layer, improve this instrument and resistance to wear and erosion resistance, prolong the application life of instrument.
The combination of worm screw mandrel, worm gear, friction overdrive clutch and the worm gear drive shaft of installing in the outer sleeve of the present invention has the transmission mechanism of one-way movement.The worm screw mandrel not only can transmit axial tension and compressive force, also can transmitting torque.
Top connection is connected with the worm screw mandrel thread to transmit creeps into moment of torsion and axial compression, and the carbide alloy that cooperates simultaneously outer sleeve and lower contact and installation movable sealing mechanism up and down cone forms clamping body, and upper lower cone passes through the stuck outer sleeve of keyway.When the worm screw mandrel meshes with three worm gears pressing the 120 ° of distributions in phase angle, in crawling wheel, form axial climbing mechanism by three worm-and-wheel gears, worm gear drive shaft and crawling wheel power transmission shaft unidirectional delivery moment of torsion.During rotary drilling, drill string drives axial climbing mechanism and initiatively creeps forward, and outer sleeve does not rotate, traction drill string axial advancement.The present invention have axially creep, usefulness that antifriction, raising extended reach well or drillstring in horizontal section extend ability.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is: because outer sleeve is relatively static, this sleeve inner driver has not only reduced the drill string moment of torsion, more can be when rotary drilling be the power of drill string axial advancement with the moment of torsion Partial Conversion of drill string, improve directional well and horizontal well and extend ability, reduce frictional resistance and moment of torsion.And when on when carrying drill string because friction overdrive clutch is one-way mechanism, the counter-rotating of crawling wheel can't produce reactive torque to drill string.
The crawling wheel of installing on the outer sleeve of the present invention is fixed in the positioning lining through screw by cover plate, only need more renew crawling wheel after the crawling wheel wearing and tearing, and outer sleeve, crawling wheel positioning lining and cover plate can continue to use, and are conducive to reduce drilling cost.The present invention can use different crawling wheels instead with the raising efficient of creeping according to Different Strata.
Compared with prior art, the antifriction instrument with the function of axially creeping provided by the invention, outer sleeve is relatively static when creeping into, and has reduced moment of torsion; Crawling wheel not only can reduce the frictional resistance when creeping into, and the torque axis in the time of can also be with drill string rotating changes the power that crawling wheel is creeped forward into; The traction drill string advances when promoting drilling efficiency, has improved the extension ability that gas bores extended reach well or horizontal well.The present invention bores extended reach well for gas or horizontal well technology provides a kind of new equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the 3-D view that the present invention has the antifriction instrument of the function of axially creeping.
Fig. 2 is the topology view that the present invention has the antifriction instrument of the function of axially creeping.
Fig. 3 is A local enlarged diagram in position among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is B-B view among Fig. 2, is transmission mechanism schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is A-A view among Fig. 1, is climbing mechanism schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is B local enlarged diagram in position among Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is C local enlarged diagram in position among Fig. 5.
Number in the figure: 1-top connection, 2-upper cone, 3-outer sleeve, 4-worm screw mandrel, 5-lower cone, 6-lower contact, 7-worm gear, 8-worm gear drive shaft, 9-support, 10-friction overdrive clutch, 11-crawling wheel positioning lining, 12-crawling wheel, the left helical gear of 13-, the right helical gear of 14-, 15-crawling wheel power transmission shaft, 16-cover plate.
The specific embodiment
The following examples can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
The present embodiment provides a kind of antifriction instrument with the function of axially creeping, such as accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, mainly formed by top connection 1, upper cone 2, outer sleeve 3, worm screw mandrel 4, lower cone 5, lower contact 6, worm gear 7, worm gear drive shaft 8, support 9, friction overdrive clutch 10, crawling wheel positioning lining 11, crawling wheel, left helical gear 13, right helical gear 14, crawling wheel power transmission shaft 15 and cover plate 16.
By the combination gearing of worm screw mandrel 4, worm gear 7, friction overdrive clutch 10, left helical gear 13, right helical gear 14 and crawling wheel 12, make this instrument in drilling process, have driving shaft to the function of creeping.
Worm screw mandrel 4 and worm gear 7 engagements, the torque energy when drill string is crept into partly converts tool spindle to the power of creeping.
The worm screw mandrel rotates and drives the worm gear rotation, drives friction overdrive clutch by worm gear drive shaft and rotates, and friction overdrive clutch to left helical gear and right helical gear, travels forward transmission of power finally by crossing crawling wheel power transmission shaft drive crawling wheel.
As shown in Figure 4, worm screw mandrel 4 and worm gear 7 engagements, worm gear 7 and friction overdrive clutch 10 are fixed in the two ends of worm gear drive shaft 8, worm gear drive shaft 8 is installed on two fixed supports, two supports 9 are fixed in the outer sleeve 3, by worm screw mandrel 4, worm gear 7, worm gear drive shaft 8 moment of torsion is delivered to friction overdrive clutch 10, forms torque transmission mechanism.
Friction overdrive clutch 10 fixing on the worm gear drive shaft 8 meshes with left helical gear 13 and right helical gear 14 simultaneously; Left helical gear 13 and crawling wheel are fixed in the two ends of a crawling wheel power transmission shaft, and right helical gear 14 and another crawling wheel are fixed in the two ends of another root crawling wheel power transmission shaft; Left helical gear 13, right helical gear 14, two crawling wheel power transmission shafts and two crawling wheels all are arranged in the crawling wheel positioning lining 11, and the crawling wheel positioning lining is placed in the hole of being located on the outer sleeve and is screwed, and cover plate 16 is set on the crawling wheel positioning lining 11; Friction overdrive clutch 10 drives simultaneously two crawling wheels 12 when rotating and travels forward, and forms climbing mechanism, and the ability of creeping is provided.
Worm screw mandrel and three worm gears engagements of pressing the 120 ° of distributions in phase angle form three groups of torque transmission mechanisms.Arrange at outer sleeve that to have the phase angle be three identical holes of 120 °, one group of crawling wheel positioning lining 11 be installed in each hole, such arranging can guarantee crawling wheel arbitrarily circumferentially the orientation contact with the borehole wall, draw the drill string axial advancement.
Friction overdrive clutch 10 is one-way rotation mechanism, when on when carrying drill string, crawling wheel counter-rotating but can not transmit torque to worm gear mandrel 4 and drill string.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, for reach the worm screw mandrel with drill string rotating the relatively static effect of outer sleeve, top connection 1 is connected inside and is connected with worm screw mandrel 4 by screw thread respectively with lower contact, top connection 1 is connected the outside and is connected with lower cone with upper cone 2 respectively and is connected by movable sealing mechanism with lower contact, outer sleeve 3 two ends are fixed by keyway with upper cone 2 and lower cone 5 respectively, make when worm screw mandrel 4 rotates, top connection 1, outer sleeve 3 are relative static with lower contact 6, reduce the drill string moment of torsion.
Top connection of the present invention two ends are female joint, an end jointed rod, other end connecting worm mandrel; The lower contact two ends then are a public female joint, the male joint stacks, and female joint is the worm screw mandrel fixedly; Simultaneously, upper lower contact outside has step, can be with upper lower cone and outer sleeve fastening, and the effect that passes to the worm screw mandrel and turn round tighter and tighter with the moment of torsion that reaches drilling rod.
Antifriction instrument with the function of axially creeping provided by the invention, the inclined-plane tapering of the upper cone after the structure optimization and lower cone is 18 °, on upper lower cone inclined-plane and the surface spraying hard alloy layer, improve this instrument and resistance to wear and erosion resistance, prolong the application life of instrument.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, crawling wheel positioning lining 11 put into be located at the hole on the outer sleeve and be screwed, a crawling wheel and left helical gear 13 are fixed in crawling wheel power transmission shaft two ends, another crawling wheel and right helical gear 14 are fixed in another root crawling wheel power transmission shaft two ends, respectively two groups of crawling wheel power transmission shafts are installed in the crawling wheel positioning lining 11, allow left helical gear 13 and right helical gear 14 mesh with friction overdrive clutch 10 simultaneously, crawling wheel positioning lining 11 is screwed with cover plate 16.When friction overdrive clutch 10 rotated, moment of torsion was delivered to the crawling wheel power transmission shaft by left helical gear 13 and right helical gear 14, drives at last crawling wheel 12 and rotates forward, form climbing mechanism, play antifriction, driving shaft is to creeping the effect of traction drill string axial advancement.
To pay special attention to originally have the antifriction instrument of the function of axially creeping and the coupling direction of drill string when using this instrument.Cooperate the present invention to use, want reasonable control rate and rotary drill column when transferring drill string.
The above; only for the better specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.