CN103015166A - Nano-silver antibacterial fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a nano-silver antibacterial fabric and a preparation method thereof. The nano-silver antibacterial fabric is characterized in that zinc oxide nanowires are grown on the fabric, and silver nanoparticles are deposited on the zinc oxide nanowires. ZnO nanowires are synthesized by solution chemistry, and silver nanoparticles are deposited on ZnO nanowires by a simple "soaking-illumination" method. The nano-silver antibacterial fabric obtained by the present invention has extremely obvious long-term antibacterial ability, and the silver nano-particles are small in size, does not agglomerate, and the synthesis process is environmentally friendly, and at the same time, the nano-silver antibacterial fabric is recyclable and reusable. The nano-silver antibacterial fabric provided by the present invention can be used for single-point water treatment to reduce the microbial content in water, can also be used for medical dressings and medical fabrics, and can also be used as an antibacterial air filter to avoid bioaerosols in ventilation, heating and Enrichment on air conditioning systems.

Description

A kind of nano silver antibacterial fabric and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a silver-based antibacterial fabric and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of antibacterial textiles.

Background technique

The invention of antibiotics has saved countless lives and is one of the most important events in human history. However, the abuse of antibiotics will lead to the decline of human resistance to diseases through immunosuppression, and at the same time, the resistance of bacteria will continue to increase. Recently, due to the emergence of a new type of bacteria, the world's attention to drug resistance has risen sharply. This superbug named NDM-1 has shown extremely high resistance to almost all antibiotics. The theme of World Health Day 2011 is "No Action Today, No Drugs Available Tomorrow", focusing on the increasingly serious problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, and calling for global policy responses to combat the flood of antibiotics. The development of nanotechnology makes it convenient for people to synthesize silver nanoparticles. As one of the substitutes of antibiotics, silver has re-entered people's field of vision as a broad-spectrum and highly effective antibacterial agent. Although the mechanism of the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles is not particularly clear, existing studies indicate that compared with bulk silver, silver nanoparticles can release silver ions more effectively and have better contact with microorganisms. The possible antibacterial mechanisms include: cell membrane rupture caused by silver nanoparticles, inhibition of sulfur-containing protein or phosphorous DNA function, and disruption of bacterial mitochondrial respiratory system, which further lead to bacterial death.

However, the use of silver as an antimicrobial material still faces many challenges. First, the size of silver nanoparticles is preferably small enough (<10nm), so that compared with bulk silver, due to the large specific surface area and high silver ion release efficiency, higher antibacterial efficiency can be obtained. Second, silver nanoparticles must have long-term antibacterial activity, which requires that silver nanoparticles cannot be agglomerated during storage, and at the same time show long-term inhibition of bacteria in actual use. Third, antimicrobial materials should be recyclable and reusable, which can effectively reduce the exposure of silver in the environment, thereby avoiding potential biosafety issues, including environmental, cytotoxicity, and human health issues. Fourth, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles should be environmentally friendly, without the use of toxic or corrosive reducing agents, organic solvents, and stabilizers, etc., which is to avoid potential biosafety problems and make antibacterial materials practical. a basic requirement. There are many works devoted to solving the above-mentioned problems. For example, Liu et al. reported that oleic acid-coated silver nanoparticles were obtained by reducing silver nitrate in toluene, and mixed with graphene oxide to obtain recyclable silver nanoparticles (New J.Chem, 2011, 35, 1418). Lu and his co-workers reported that by reducing silver ions in sodium hydroxide, a composite of silicon nanowires and silver nanoparticles was obtained, thereby achieving long-term inhibition of bacteria (Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 5463). However, these works still have their own shortcomings, and it is difficult for people to imagine that using toluene, sulfuric acid, N,N-dimethylformamide, oleic acid (the chemical used to obtain graphene oxide) in actual antibacterial materials products) and sodium hydroxide and other harmful chemicals, while carbon materials and silicon materials are difficult to degrade in the human body, especially after graphite and silicon dioxide dust enter the human body through the respiratory tract, it will cause diseases such as graphite pneumoconiosis and silicosis, and its long-term biological Security is still to be investigated.

Contents of the invention

One object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of nano-silver antibacterial fabric. Another object of the present invention is to provide a nano-silver antibacterial fabric prepared according to the method. Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the nano-silver antibacterial fabric.

The invention provides a preparation method of nano-silver antibacterial fabric. Wherein, the preparation method uses the fabric as the substrate, and the zinc oxide nanowire/fabric composite material is obtained by growing zinc oxide nanowires on the fabric with a solution chemical method; subsequently, the zinc oxide nanowire/fabric composite material is soaked in silver nitrate After being in the solution for a period of time, the silver ions are reduced by light, and silver nanoparticles are obtained on the zinc oxide nanowires, and silver nanoparticles/zinc oxide nanowires/fabric composite materials are obtained, which is the nano-silver antibacterial fabric referred to in the present invention.

The preparation method of described nano-silver antibacterial fabric comprises the following steps:

1) Clean the fabric and make the fabric hydrophilic; the methods used for hydrophilic treatment include but are not limited to oxygen plasma treatment, ultraviolet ozone cleaning;

2) Prepare a solution containing zinc oxide nanoparticles, and apply the solution containing zinc oxide nanoparticles to the fabric. The coating methods include but are not limited to drip coating, spin coating, pulling, and dipping;

3) Prepare an aqueous solution of a certain concentration of zinc salt, hexamethylenetetramine, and polyethyleneimine;

4) Add a certain concentration of ammonia water or a mixture of ammonium salt and sodium hydroxide to the mixed aqueous solution described in step 3) to obtain a mixed aqueous solution;

5) Submerge the fabric obtained in step 2) in the mixed aqueous solution obtained in step 4), and react at a temperature of 65°C-95°C for 0.5 to 24 hours to obtain zinc oxide nanowires grown on the fabric, and obtain ZnO nanowire/fabric composites;

6) Soak the zinc oxide nanowire/fabric composite material obtained in step 5) in a silver nitrate solution for 12-72 hours, and then illuminate the zinc oxide nanowire to obtain silver nanoparticles, and obtain silver nanoparticles/zinc oxide The nanowire/fabric composite material is the nano-silver antibacterial fabric referred to in the present invention.

Further, according to the aforementioned method, wherein:

The fabric includes but not limited to cotton cloth, polyester fabric, nylon fabric, polypropylene fiber fabric, carbon fiber fabric;

The solution containing zinc oxide nanoparticles described in step 2) is obtained by reacting zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide. The chemical equation of the reaction is Zn(CH ₃ CO ₂ ) ₂ +2NaOH→ZnO+2Na(CH ₃ CO ₂ ) ₂ +H ₂ O, this reaction can use various organic solvents (organic solvents contribute to the stability of the above-mentioned chemical reaction), including ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, etc., and the organic solvent is preferably ethanol;

The zinc salt in step 3) includes zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride or zinc acetate.

The zinc salt concentration in the aqueous solution is 10-100mM, preferably 25mM, and the reaction raw material is preferably zinc nitrate; the concentration of hexamethylenetetramine is 10-100mM, preferably 12.5mM; the concentration of polyethyleneimine is 1 -20mM, preferably 5mM, the molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is preferably 800g/mol;

In the 4th step, the concentration of ammonia in the mixed aqueous solution is 0.3-0.5mM, preferably 0.35mM; the ammonium salt used includes ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium chloride, and its concentration in the mixed aqueous solution is 0.2-0.3M, preferably 0.24M; the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the mixed aqueous solution is 100-150mM, preferably 125mM;

The growth temperature of the zinc oxide nanowires described in step 5) is preferably 65°C, and the growth time is preferably 3 hours;

Step 6) The concentration of the silver nitrate solution in the step is 10-200mM, preferably 100mM, the solvent of the silver nitrate solution is a mixture of deionized water and ethanol, and the volume ratio of deionized water and ethanol is preferably 1:9 ; The time for the zinc oxide nanowire/fabric composite material to be soaked in the silver nitrate solution is preferably 48 hours; the light conditions are preferably 300W xenon lamp, 2 minutes.

The formation of silver nanoparticles on ZnO nanowires can be explained by a photochemical process. When the composite material is irradiated by ultraviolet light, photogenerated conduction band electrons and valence band holes will be generated in the ZnO nanowires. The silver ions adsorbed on the ZnO surface during the "soaking" process will be reduced by the electrons bound to the ZnO surface. Since the concentration of silver nitrate is fixed at this time, the total amount of silver ions is limited (zinc oxide is much higher than the amount of silver ions), and there are many reaction sites on the surface of zinc oxide, so only small-sized particles can be formed on the surface of zinc oxide. silver nanoparticles. The numerous reaction sites on the ZnO surface are due to the partial dissolution of ZnO surface atoms during the long-term immersion process, resulting in many surface defects.

On the other hand, the present invention provides a nano-silver antibacterial fabric prepared according to the aforementioned method, which is characterized in that zinc oxide nanowires are grown on the fabric, and silver nanoparticles are deposited on the zinc oxide nanowires.

In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides an application of the nano-silver antibacterial fabric, including that it can be used for single-point water treatment to reduce the microbial content in water, it can also be used for medical dressings and medical fabrics, and it can also be used as an antibacterial air filter. Devices to avoid the accumulation of bioaerosols on ventilation, heating and air conditioning systems.

The advantages of the present invention are:

First, the size of silver nanoparticles on the nano-silver antibacterial fabric obtained by the preparation method of the present invention is small, and better antibacterial efficiency can be obtained due to the large specific surface area and the improvement of silver ion release efficiency;

Second, in the nano-silver antibacterial fabric obtained by the present invention, since the silver nanoparticles are deposited on the zinc oxide nanowires, the silver nanoparticles do not agglomerate during storage, which helps to maintain the antibacterial activity of the nano-silver antibacterial fabric. Shows long-term inhibition of bacteria in use. (It has been proved by experiments that the long-term antibacterial ability of nano silver antibacterial fabric for 72 hours is better than that of the commercialized nano silver antibacterial dressing "Aiyinkang", and it can be reused for 4 times, and the effect of repeated use is also better than that of "Aiyinkang". Yinkang".)

Third, the antibacterial material obtained in the present invention is recyclable and reusable, which can effectively reduce the exposure of silver in the environment, thereby avoiding potential biosafety problems, including environmental, cytotoxicity and human health problems.

Fourth, the synthesis process of silver nanoparticles is environmentally friendly, without the use of toxic or corrosive reducing agents and stabilizers, avoiding potential biosafety issues.

Fifth, zinc oxide is biodegradable and biocompatible. In addition, zinc oxide itself is also an antibacterial material that can provide additional antibacterial capabilities in addition to silver nanoparticles through a synergistic effect. Therefore, the use of zinc oxide nanowires not only This does not pose additional biosafety concerns and also increases the antimicrobial capability of the composite.

Sixth, the nano-silver antibacterial fabric obtained by the present invention has very obvious long-term antibacterial ability.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

(a), (b), (c), and (d) in FIG. 1 are scanning electron micrographs of the zinc oxide nanowire/polyester fabric composite material prepared in Example 1. After the surface of the fabric is covered with ZnO nanowires, the insulating fabric can be imaged under electron beam irradiation due to the weakened charging effect. Zinc oxide nanowires grow uniformly on the surface of each fabric fiber, and the growth direction is outward along the fiber surface.

(a), (b), (c), and (d) in FIG. 2 are scanning electron micrographs of the zinc oxide nanowire/cotton fabric composite material prepared in Example 2. Although the surface structure of cotton fiber fabrics is more complicated than that of polyester fiber fabrics, as shown in Figure 2, the ZnO nanowires grown by this method can seamlessly cover the entire cotton fabric, which proves that this growth method is in Universal application on synthetic and natural fibres, simple and complex surfaces.

(a), (b), (c), and (d) in Figure 3 are scanning electron micrographs of the zinc oxide nanowire/carbon fiber fabric composite material prepared in Example 3, which proves that this growth method is in the conductive fabric and Universal application on insulating fabrics.

Among Fig. 4 (a) is the ultraviolet-visible reflectance spectrogram of silver nanoparticle/zinc oxide nanowire/polyester fabric composite material in embodiment 1, an absorption edge appears near 370nm, and a broad peak appears at 435nm, corresponding to The absorption edge of zinc oxide and the surface plasmon characteristic peak of spherical silver nanoparticles; (b) transmission electron micrograph of the composite structure of silver nanoparticles/zinc oxide nanowires, showing that the silver nanoparticles are completely attached to the zinc oxide nanowires, while No agglomeration occurred; (c) the size distribution diagram of the silver nanoparticles, where d is the average diameter of the silver nanoparticles, and σ is the standard deviation of the measurement results; (d) the energy dispersive X-ray spectrum further confirms the use of the preparation method of the present invention The existence of silver element in the prepared nano-silver antibacterial fabric.

(a) and (b) in Figure 5 are the fabrics without any materials grown in Example 1, the zinc oxide nanowire/fabric composite material, the commercialized nano-silver antibacterial dressing "Aiyinkang" Acticoat ^TM and silver nanoparticles/ Zinc oxide nanowire/fabric composite material shows the bacteriostasis of nano-silver antibacterial fabric of the present invention for gram-negative bacterium escherichia coli and gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus at the 36th hour dissolution bacteriostasis test result The effect is the best, the width of the antibacterial zone for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reaches 5.9mm and 5.2mm respectively, which is better than the commercialized nano-silver antibacterial dressing "Aiyinkang", and has long-term antibacterial activity.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the given examples are only for clarifying the present invention, not for limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

In the first step, after the polyester fiber fabric is sequentially cleaned in acetone and ethanol, it is treated with oxygen plasma to obtain a hydrophilic surface;

The second step is to prepare a solution containing zinc oxide nanoparticles, and transfer the solution containing zinc oxide nanoparticles to the surface of the polyester fiber fabric by drip coating. In order to ensure uniform coating, each side of the fabric is drip coated 3-5 times;

The 3rd step, preparation zinc nitrate concentration is that 25mM, hexamethylenetetramine concentration are 12.5mM, polyethyleneimine concentration is the aqueous solution of 5mM;

In the fourth step, ammonia water is added to the aqueous solution obtained in the third step to obtain a mixed aqueous solution with an ammonia concentration of 0.35 mM;

In the fifth step, the polyester fiber fabric obtained in the second step is immersed in the solution obtained in the fourth step, and reacted for 3 hours at 65° C. to obtain zinc oxide nanowires grown on the polyester fiber fabric, and obtain zinc oxide nanowires. Thread/polyester fiber fabric composite;

In the 6th step, the zinc oxide nanowire/polyester fiber fabric composite material obtained in the 5th step is taken out, soaked in the silver nitrate solution of 100mM for 48 hours after rinsing, and the solvent of the silver nitrate solution is a desiccant with a volume ratio of 1:9. Ionized water and ethanol;

After the soaked zinc oxide nanowire/polyester fiber fabric composite material is taken out, it is irradiated by a 300W xenon lamp for 2 minutes, and silver nanoparticles are obtained on the zinc oxide nanowire to obtain a silver nanoparticle/zinc oxide nanowire/polyester fiber fabric composite material , the nano-silver antibacterial fabric of the present invention.

Test the stripping and antibacterial ability of the nano-silver antibacterial fabric obtained in the sixth step with the antibacterial ring test. The bacterial species are Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The specific steps are as follows:

(a) Preparation medium: prepare 1L of Luria-Bertani liquid medium and 250mL of Luria-Bertani agar medium and sterilize;

(b) Bacteria culture: the sterilized liquid culture medium is divided into 250mL Erlenmeyer flasks, then bacteria are inoculated into the liquid culture medium in the aseptic operating table, and cultivated in a shaker for 12-14 hours (37 °C, 50-70 rpm);

(c) Prepare solid medium: In the aseptic operating table, pour the liquid Luria-Bertani agar medium into the plate and let it stand until it is solidified for later use. The solidified surface of the plate is divided into four parts with a marker pen and marked separately is I, II, III, IV;

(d) Sterilization of experimental equipment: put 100 microliters of tip into the tip box and sterilize it, wipe the countertop and hands with 75% alcohol, put the utensils required for the experiment into the sterile operating table, and sterilize with ultraviolet light for half an hour above;

(e) Smear the bacteria solution: add 100 microliters of the bacteria solution to each plate with a pipette gun, and spread the bacteria solution evenly by burning the sterilized smear stick with an alcohol lamp;

(f) Place the fabric: use tweezers to lightly place the fabric (diameter 11mm) obtained by the die on the center of the I, II, III, and IV areas, and lightly compact it to ensure full contact. The fabric without any material, zinc oxide nano Thread/fabric composite material, commercialized nano-silver antibacterial dressing "Aiyinkang" Acticoat ^TM and the nano-silver antibacterial fabric of the present invention are put into I, II, III, and IV regions respectively;

(g) Bacteriostasis test: place the plate in a constant temperature incubator for cultivation (37°C), take pictures once every 12 hours, for 6 consecutive times, and find that zinc oxide nanowire/fabric composite material, Aiyinkang, and the present invention The nano-silver antibacterial fabrics have obvious antibacterial rings, indicating that the bacteria around them are killed. The width of the antibacterial ring is measured W=(T-D)/2, where T is the total diameter of the antibacterial ring, and D is the sample. diameter of. As shown in Fig. 5 (a), (b) of test result, the bacteriostasis effect of nano-silver antibacterial fabric of the present invention is the best, reaches 5.9mm respectively for the width of the bacteriostasis ring of escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus And 5.2mm, which is better than the commercial nano-silver antibacterial dressing "Aiyinkang", and has long-term antibacterial activity.

As shown in (a), (b), (c), and (d) in Figure 1, after the surface of the fabric is covered with ZnO nanowires, the insulated fabric can be imaged under electron beam irradiation due to the weakened charging effect . Zinc oxide nanowires grow uniformly on the surface of each fabric fiber, and the growth direction is outward along the fiber surface. As shown in (a), (b), (c), and (d) in Figure 4, the silver nanoparticles are completely attached to the ZnO nanowires without any agglomeration.

Example 2

In the first step, after the cotton fabric is washed sequentially in acetone and ethanol, it is cleaned with ultraviolet ozone to obtain a hydrophilic surface;

The second step is to prepare a solution containing zinc oxide nanoparticles, and transfer the prepared solution containing zinc oxide nanoparticles to the surface of the cotton fabric by pulling. Zinc oxide nanoparticles attached to the surface;

The 3rd step, preparation zinc sulfate concentration is that 10mM, hexamethylenetetramine concentration are 10mM, polyethyleneimine concentration is the aqueous solution of 1mM;

The 4th step, add ammoniacal liquor in the aqueous solution of the 3rd step and obtain the mixed aqueous solution that ammoniacal liquor concentration is 0.35mM;

In the fifth step, the cotton fabric obtained in the second step is immersed in the solution obtained in the fourth step, and reacted for 5 hours at 65° C. to obtain zinc oxide nanowires grown on the cotton fabric, and obtain zinc oxide nanowires/ Cotton fabric composites;

In the sixth step, the zinc oxide nanowire/cotton fabric composite material obtained in the fifth step is taken out, soaked in 10mM silver nitrate solution for 12 hours after rinsing, and the solvent of the silver nitrate solution is a deionized solution with a volume ratio of 1:9. water and ethanol;

After the soaked zinc oxide nanowire/cotton fabric composite material is taken out, it is irradiated under sunlight for 10 minutes, silver nanoparticles are obtained on the zinc oxide nanowire, and the silver nanoparticle/zinc oxide nanowire/cotton fabric composite material is obtained, That is the so-called nano-silver antibacterial fabric of the present invention.

The antibacterial ability of the obtained nano-silver antibacterial fabric was tested by the inhibition zone test. The antibacterial effect of the nano-silver antibacterial fabric claimed by the present invention is the best, and the width of the antibacterial ring for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reaches 5.4mm and 5.1mm respectively, which is better than the commercialized nano-silver antibacterial dressing "love" "Yinkang" has a continuous antibacterial time of more than 72 hours and can be reused 4 times, with long-term antibacterial activity.

As shown in (a), (b), (c), and (d) in Figure 2, the grown ZnO nanowires can seamlessly cover the entire cotton fabric surface.

Example 3

In the first step, after the carbon fiber fabric is sequentially cleaned in acetone and ethanol, it is treated with oxygen plasma to obtain a hydrophilic surface;

The second step is to prepare a solution containing zinc oxide nanoparticles; transfer the zinc oxide nanoparticles to the surface of the carbon fiber fabric by spin coating. In order to ensure uniform coating, the carbon fiber fabric is spin-coated 3-5 times on both sides;

The 3rd step, preparation zinc acetate concentration is that 100mM, hexamethylenetetramine concentration are 100mM, polyethyleneimine concentration is the aqueous solution of 20mM;

The fourth step is to add ammonium salt and sodium hydroxide to the aqueous solution of the third step until the ammonium salt concentration in the solution is 0.2M, and the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 100mM to form a mixed aqueous solution;

In the fifth step, the carbon fiber fabric obtained in the second step is immersed in the solution obtained in the fourth step, and reacted for 24 hours at 95° C. to obtain zinc oxide nanowires grown on the carbon fiber fabric, and obtain zinc oxide nanowires/ Carbon fiber fabric composites;

In the sixth step, the zinc oxide nanowire/carbon fiber fabric composite material obtained in the fifth step is taken out, soaked in 200mM silver nitrate solution for 72 hours after rinsing, and the solvent of the silver nitrate solution is deionized with a volume ratio of 1:9. water and ethanol;

After taking out the zinc oxide nanowire/cotton composite material soaked in the sixth step, irradiate it under a xenon lamp for 5 minutes to obtain silver nanoparticles on the zinc oxide nanowire and obtain the silver nanoparticle/zinc oxide nanowire/cotton composite material , the nano-silver antibacterial fabric of the present invention.

Test the stripping and antibacterial ability of the nano-silver antibacterial fabric obtained in the seventh step with the bacteriostatic zone test. The bacteriostatic effect of the nano-silver antibacterial fabric claimed by the present invention is the best, and the width of the bacteriostatic ring of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reaches 5.7mm and 5.4mm respectively, which is better than the commercialized nano-silver antibacterial dressing "love" "Yinkang" has a continuous antibacterial time of more than 72 hours and can be reused 4 times, with long-term antibacterial activity.

As shown in (a), (b), (c) and (d) in FIG. 3 , it is proved that the growth method provided by the present invention is universally applicable to conductive fabrics and insulating fabrics.

Example 4

Adopt the same fabric and preparation process as in Example 3, except that the ammonium salt and sodium hydroxide added to the aqueous solution in the fourth step of Example 3 are respectively: the ammonium salt is ammonium sulfate, and the concentration of ammonium sulfate in the solution after adding is 0.3M, the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 150mM.

Example 5

Adopt the same fabric and preparation process as in Example 3, except that the ammonium salt and sodium hydroxide added to the aqueous solution in the fourth step of Example 3 are respectively: the ammonium salt is ammonium nitrate, and the ammonium salt concentration in the solution after adding is 0.24M, the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 125mM.

Certainly, the present invention also can have other multiple embodiments, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes All changes and modifications should belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the preparation method of a nano silver antibacterial fabric, it is characterized in that, described method is take fabric as substrate, by on fabric with solution chemical processes growth of zinc oxide nano line, obtain zinc oxide nanowire/Fabric composites, subsequently zinc oxide nanowire/Fabric composites is immersed in the liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus, by the photoreduction silver ion, obtain silver nano-grain at zinc oxide nanowire, obtain silver nano-grain/zinc oxide nanowire/Fabric composites, i.e. alleged nano silver antibacterial fabric; The preparation method of described zinc oxide nanowire/Fabric composites specifically comprises:

Cleaning fabric, and fabric done hydrophilic treatment; To contain the solution coat of Zinc oxide nanoparticle to fabric; The gained fabric is immersed in the mixed aqueous solution, and reaction is 0.5 to 24 hour under the temperature of 65 ° of C-95 ° of C, obtains being grown in the zinc oxide nanowire on the fabric, obtains zinc oxide nanowire/Fabric composites;

Described mixed aqueous solution is at first prepared the aqueous solution of zinc salt, hexamethylenetetramine, polymine; Then the mixture that adds ammoniacal liquor or ammonium salt and NaOH in the described aqueous solution obtains mixed aqueous solution; Describedly obtain silver nano-grain at zinc oxide nanowire and be specially:

Described zinc oxide nanowire/Fabric composites is immersed in the liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 12-72 hour, obtain silver nano-grain by illumination at zinc oxide nanowire subsequently, obtain silver nano-grain/zinc oxide nanowire/Fabric composites, i.e. alleged nano silver antibacterial fabric.

2. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described solution that contains Zinc oxide nanoparticle obtains by zinc acetate and NaOH reaction, and the chemical equation of this reaction is:

Zn(CH ₃CO ₂) ₂+2NaOH→ZnO+2Na(CH ₃CO ₂) ₂+H ₂O，

Add organic solvent in this reaction, comprise ethanol, isopropyl alcohol or n-butanol.

3. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described hydrophilic treatment adopts oxygen plasma or UV ozone to process; The method of described coating comprises dripping and is coated with, spin coating, lifts or flood.

4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described mixed aqueous solution, zinc salt concentration is 10-100mM, the concentration of hexamethylenetetramine is 10-100mM, and polymine is 1-20mM, and the concentration of ammoniacal liquor is 0.3-0.5mM, ammonium salt concentration is 0.2-0.3M, and the concentration of NaOH is 100-150mM.

5. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described fabric includes but not limited to cotton, dacron, nylon fabrics, polypropylene fibre fabric or carbon fibre fabric; Described zinc salt comprises zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride or zinc acetate; Described ammonium salt comprises ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride.

6. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the concentration of described liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus is 10-200mM, and the solvent of described liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus is the mixture of deionized water and ethanol.

7. preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the concentration of described liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus is 100mM, and the solvent of described liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus is the mixture of deionized water and ethanol, and the volume ratio of deionized water and ethanol is 1:9; Zinc salt concentration is 25mM in the described mixed aqueous solution, and reaction raw materials is zinc nitrate; The concentration of hexamethylenetetramine is 12.5mM; The concentration of polymine is 5mM, and the molecular weight of polymine is 800g/mol; The concentration of ammoniacal liquor is 0.35mM; The ammonium salt concentration that adopts is 0.24M; The concentration of NaOH is 125mM.

8. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described illumination condition is the xenon lamp of 300W, 2 minutes.

9. nano silver antibacterial fabric of each described preparation method preparation according to claim 1-8 is characterized by that growth has zinc oxide nanowire on the fabric, deposits silver nano-grain on the zinc oxide nanowire.

10. the application of a nano silver antibacterial fabric as claimed in claim 9, comprise for the single-point water treatment to reduce the content of microorganisms of water, be used for medical dressing and medical textile, also comprise as the antibacterial air-filtering device to avoid the enrichment of bioaerosol on ventilation, heating and air-conditioning system.

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