CN103012002A - Special slow release fertilizer for tobacco by using biomass granular carbon as matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special slow release fertilizer for tobacco by using biomass granular carbon as matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103012002A CN103012002A CN2013100230174A CN201310023017A CN103012002A CN 103012002 A CN103012002 A CN 103012002A CN 2013100230174 A CN2013100230174 A CN 2013100230174A CN 201310023017 A CN201310023017 A CN 201310023017A CN 103012002 A CN103012002 A CN 103012002A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical group [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 6
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021231 nutrient uptake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000019025 Hypokalemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 compound nitrogen phosphate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special slow release fertilizer for tobacco by using biomass granular carbon as a matrix and a preparation method thereof. Granular carbon prepared from agricultural wastes such as corn cobs, peanut shells, rice hulls, edible fungi matrix and the like are used as a matrix material; and based on the micro-pores and strong adsorption capability of the matrix material, the granular biomass carbon-based special slow release fertilizer for the tobacco is prepared by compounding the matrix material and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutritional elements required by growth and development of the tobacco. The biomass granular carbon is black biomass granular carbon granules formed after the agricultural waste biomass is incompletely burnt under the low-oxygen condition, has multiple properties similar to soil humus and strong adsorption and nutrient and moisture holding capabilities, can stimulate growth of crops, and has good slow release performance on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; when the prepared slow release fertilizer is applied at one time, the requirements of the tobacco for nutrients in the whole growth period can be effectively met; and the slow release fertilizer has the characteristics of increasing soil fertility, improving the structure of soil, realizing high efficiency and environment friendliness and the like, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization and application in the production of the tobacco.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the agricultural fertilizer production technical field, particularly a kind of tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix is slow-release fertilizer dedicated and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Tobacco is the cigarette industry raw material crop take tobacco leaf as cutting, and the rational application of fertilizer is the key of quality of tobacco.In tobacco fertilising, be vital to the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer.Tobacco is very sensitive to nitrogen, and blade is nitrogenous when surpassing 1%, can cause the blade burning bad, occurs flame-out when serious.Therefore producing sound tobacco requires very strict, very few or too much all can greatly affect output and the quality of tobacco leaf to the sowing amount of nitrogenous fertilizer.If it is few to execute nitrogen, nitrogen is under-supply, and tobacco plant nutrition is bad, and the tobacco leaf that bakes mostly is level and smooth leaf, yields poorly poor quality; It is too much to execute nitrogen, and cigarette strain nitrogen nutrition is superfluous, and cigarette strain delay of maturation, blade can not normal matures, and the tobacco leaf that bakes mostly is brown, although output is high, quality is very low.The fertilizer that present tobacco cultivation is used mainly is quick acting fertilizer, and the rear dissolving that is manured into soil is fast, and the nutrient density in the soil is too high in a short time, and particularly nitrogenous fertilizer is all the more so, and this is unfavorable to the tobacco good quality and high output.Current ways of addressing this issue is to increase fertilizer application frequency, reduces each fertilizer amount, and this has increased labour intensity and the recruitment cost of peasant household undoubtedly.
Slow release fertilizer claim again slow-release fertilizer (
Slow available fertilizers) or release and release control fertilizer (
Control release fertilizers), compound release rate in the soil control slow or that nutrient releasing speed can obtain to a certain degree that contains nutrient in its fertilizer continues to absorb for crop.Use slow release fertilizer can reduce the particularly loss of nitrogen in soil of fertilizer nutrient, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce fertilising operation number of times, save labour and expense, and can alleviate the pollution that excessive fertilization causes for environment.Present slow release fertilizer both domestic and external generally all is to reach the purpose that prolongs fertilizer efficiency by physical methods such as coating, parcel, packing, coatings, such as the coated fertilizer of bag Thio Urea, polymer coated fertilizer, fertilizer bag fertilizer, coated fertilizer and with Quick-dissolving fertilizer and the mixing formed Wrapped fertilizer of rubber latex etc.The slow controlled-release technology that also has employing physics and biochemical method to combine is produced slow release fertilizer.The general cost of these fertilizer is higher, and seldom possesses hole and adsorptive power, more without increasing soil fertility, improving the characteristics such as Soil structure.
On the other hand, at present China has become one of country of agriculture waste biomass generation maximum in the world, it is reported, the gross annual output of all kinds of agricultural crop straws of China amount of giving birth to reaches more than 700,000,000 tons, wherein straw is 2.3 hundred million tons, 2.7 hundred million tons of maize straws, 100,000,000 tons of peanut, beans and autumn coarse cereals stalks.The easiest way of Treating straw is directly to burn down on the farm at present.Burning season, once repeatedly occuring to be forced to close event because smog all over the sky causes flight to land with motorway, both wasting a large amount of precious resources, bringing severe contamination to environment again.Therefore agriculture waste biomass outlet has become a great problem that solution is badly in need of in government department.Particularly along with the raising of level of agricultural production development and life of farmers level, fewer and feweri to utilizing of original agriculture waste biomass as fuel and fertilizer, agricultural wastes are more and more.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of take the standby particle charcoal of the agriculture waste biomass-makings such as corn cob, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk, stalk, edible fungi substrate as substrate material, utilize its many micropores, strong adsorptive power, to grow necessary nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutritive elements compound with tobacco growing, prepare slow-release fertilizer dedicated method and the application of particulate biomass charcoal base tobacco, can satisfy better the needs that tobacco produces.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix is slow-release fertilizer dedicated, contains
1. biological particles charcoal; With
2. binding agent; With
3. one or more in nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer.
Content by weight percentage:
The content of biological particles charcoal is 10-50%;
The slow-release fertilizer dedicated total nutrient content of described tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix is 28-34%; Described total nutrient refer to nitrogen (N) or/and available phosphorus (P2O5) or/and effective potassium (K2O), wherein nitrogenous (N) amount is 7-9%; Contain available phosphorus (P2O5) amount and be 5-7%; Contain effective potassium (K2O) amount and be 16-18%.
Described biological particles charcoal is one or more in corn cob granule charcoal, rice husk particle charcoal, peanut shell granular charcoal, stalk particle charcoal, the mushroom dish particle charcoal.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more in urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and any other formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen.
Described phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, nitrophosphate fertilizer and any one or more that contain in the phosphatic manure.
Described potash fertilizer is that vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, potassium primary phosphate and any other contain in the potassic fertilizer one or more.
Described trace element fertilizer is one or more in the trace element fertilizers such as boron, zinc, manganese, iron, copper or molybdenum.
Biological particles charcoal among the present invention is preferably and adopts anoxic destructive distillation decomposition technique production agriculture waste biological particles charcoal under the inferior hot conditions.Described agriculture waste biomass can be corn cob, rice husk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, stalk, edible fungi substrate etc., but are not limited to this.
Described binding agent is that wilkinite is or/and clay.
In order to play better slow release effect, according to the tobacco nutrient uptake feature, described tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix is slow-release fertilizer dedicated, and to contain simultaneously following various composition the most effective:
1) biological particles charcoal; With
2) binding agent; With
3) urea, diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, vitriolate of tartar, zinc sulfate and borax.
Each component content is slow-release fertilizer dedicated to produce 1 ton of charcoal base tobacco:
200-300 kg/tonne of biological particles carbon particle
Urea 120-150 kg/tonne
Diammonium phosphate 90-120 kg/tonne
Calcium superphosphate 60-100 kg/tonne
Vitriolate of tartar 320-360 kg/tonne
Zinc sulfate 8-12 kg/tonne
Borax 8-12 kg/tonne
Described biological particles carbon particle granularity 80-100 orders, described urea contains N:46%, described diammonium phosphate contains N 18%, P2O5 46%, described calcium superphosphate contains P2O5:16%, described vitriolate of tartar contains K2O 50%, described zinc sulfate contains zinc 20%～23%, described borax boracic 11%.
Also can further contain other little fertilizer, described other little fertilizer is selected from one or more in manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, the copper sulfate.Other little fertile total content is preferably 0.5-1%.The purity of various little fertilizer is preferably more than 90%.
The present invention also further provides the tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix slow-release fertilizer dedicated preparation technology, comprises with various component mixing granulations particle diameter 3. 35-5.0mm.
The present invention also further provides the tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix slow-release fertilizer dedicated purposes, and it is used as disposable base fertilizer, and preferred amount of application is 120-150 kg/acre, applies the planting furrow bottom before tobacco seedling is transplanted.
High efficiency charcoal base tobacco provided by the invention is slow-release fertilizer dedicated, is the durable composite fertilizer take organic biological particles charcoal as substrate material.The biological particles charcoal that the present invention uses is the black biological particles charcoal particle (carbon black) that the agriculture waste biomass form behind the incomplete combustion under hypoxia condition, multifrequency nature with similar agron (acid), its absorption and keep nutrient and moisture very capable, can also stimulate plant growth, sustained release performance to nitrogen phosphorus potassium is good, the slow-release fertilizer applied once for preparing thus, can effectively supply tobacco whole vegetative period the demand to nutrient, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, and has an increase soil fertility, improve the characteristics such as Soil structure and high-efficiency environment friendly, be conducive to large-scale promotion application in tobacco produces.
Compare with existing compound manure, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, had good sustained release effect, utilization rate of fertilizer is high.The charcoal base tobacco that the present invention produces is slow-release fertilizer dedicated to have extremely strong adsorptivity, water-retentivity and heating property of extinction, had good sustained release effect, and the fertilizer nutrient utilization ratio is high.After being manured into soil, not only can hold fertilizer slow-release, reduce the fertilizer leaching loss, and heat the water conservation district owing to around each carbon granule, can form a little extinction, both be conducive to increase ground temperature, the slowly-releasing drought and water shortage is grown the impact that produces on tobacco growing to a certain extent again.
2, production technique is simple, and raw material is easy to get.The used substrate material of the present invention is the biological particles charcoals such as corn cob, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk, stalk, edible fungi substrate, and raw material comes from the abandoned biomass of agriculture production, and is with low cost, inexhaustible; Equipment used is pulverizer commonly used, simple and easy charring furnace, agitator, granulating disc etc., and production unit is simple, and technical maturity is easy to industrialization.As long as improve slightly, existing fertilizer plant all can directly put into production.
3, environmentally friendly, safety and environmental protection.The used substrate material of the present invention itself is exactly utilization of waste material, and the needing no outside energy does not produce " three wastes " and pollutes the energy-conservation and environmental protection of production process; The plant-derived organism of biological particles charcoal, its main component are charcoal element more than 90%, can natural decomposition in soil, fully noresidue, thereby in use to environment without any pollution, have concurrently simultaneously the improvement Soil structure long-acting characteristic, be conducive to the agricultural Sustainable development.
4, potentiality to be exploited is huge.Tobacco is the fertile crop of happiness, the arable land nitrogen stress of China about 90%, and about 30% arable land lacks phosphorus, about 25% arable land potassium deficiency, and soil compaction worsens and ubiquitous fertilizer loss is serious, the low problem of utilization ratio, becomes the important factor of this industry development of puzzlement.The present invention reaches loose, slowly-releasing, economy, environmental protection, increase soil fertility, improves the fertilizer efficiency texts as matrix by applying biological matter particle charcoal element, is a kind of revolutionary change of fertilizer industry.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment the present invention is further described specifically.
A kind of tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix is slow-release fertilizer dedicated, comprises:
1. biological particles charcoal; With
2. binding agent; With
3. one or more in nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer.
By weight or weight percent content:
The content of biological particles charcoal is 10-50%.
The slow-release fertilizer dedicated total nutrient content of described tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix is 28-34%, meets organic-inorganic composite fertilizer national standard.Described total nutrient refer to nitrogen (N) or/and available phosphorus (P2O5) or/and effective potassium (K2O), wherein nitrogenous (N) amount is 7-9%; Contain available phosphorus (P2O5) amount and be 5-7%; Contain effective potassium (K2O) amount and be 16-18%.
Described biological particles charcoal is one or more mixture of corn cob granule charcoal, rice husk particle charcoal, peanut shell granular charcoal, stalk particle charcoal or mushroom dish particle charcoal.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more in urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and any other formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen.
Described phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, nitrophosphate fertilizer and any one or more that contain in the phosphatic manure.
Described potash fertilizer is that vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, potassium primary phosphate and any other contain in the potassic fertilizer one or more.
Described trace element fertilizer is one or more in the trace element fertilizers such as boron, zinc, manganese, iron, copper or molybdenum.
Biological particles charcoal among the present invention is preferably and adopts anoxic destructive distillation decomposition technique production agriculture waste biological particles charcoal under the inferior hot conditions.Described agriculture waste biomass can be corn cob, rice husk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, stalk, edible fungi substrate etc., but are not limited to this.
Described binding agent is that wilkinite is or/and clay.
In order to play better slow release effect, according to the tobacco nutrient uptake feature, the tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix is slow-release fertilizer dedicated, and to contain simultaneously following various composition the most effective:
1) biological particles charcoal; With
2) binding agent; With
3) urea, diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, vitriolate of tartar, zinc sulfate and borax.
Each component content is slow-release fertilizer dedicated to produce 1 ton of charcoal base tobacco:
200-300 kg/tonne of biological particles carbon particle
Urea 120-150 kg/tonne
Diammonium phosphate 90-120 kg/tonne
Calcium superphosphate 60-100 kg/tonne
Vitriolate of tartar 320-360 kg/tonne
Zinc sulfate 8-12 kg/tonne
Borax 8-12 kg/tonne
Described biological particles carbon particle granularity 80-100 orders, described urea contains N:46%, described diammonium phosphate contains N 18%, P2O5 46%, described calcium superphosphate contains P2O5:16%, described vitriolate of tartar contains K2O 50%, described zinc sulfate contains zinc 20%～23%, described borax boracic 11%.
For the area or the field that lack trace element, can in this prescription, on purpose add other little fertilizer, described other little fertilizer is selected from one or more of manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate.Other little fertilizer (manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate etc.) total content is preferably 0. 5-1% in the special-purpose disposable base fertilizer of tobacco.The purity of various little fertilizer is preferably more than 90%.
Described urea, diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, vitriolate of tartar, zinc sulfate, borax are all available on market, and be all on sale at Agricultural Materials shop.
Described other little fertilizer such as manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate etc. are all available on market, and are all on sale at Agricultural Materials shop.
The preferred granular urea of described urea (also being referred to as the urea powder).
The slow-release fertilizer dedicated preparation technology of described tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix comprises various component mixing granulations, particle diameter 3. 35-5.0mm.
Tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix provided by the invention is slow-release fertilizer dedicated, uses simply, and it is used as disposable base fertilizer, and preferred amount of application is 120-150 kg/acre, applies the planting furrow bottom before tobacco seedling is transplanted, and exempts to topdress.
Embodiment 1: the preparation technology that the tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix is slow-release fertilizer dedicated
Mix with weight ratio or weight percent according to following step:
(1) nitrogenous (N) amount of getting is 46% granular urea; 80 purpose biological particles carbon particles; ratio in 59.2%, 40.8% is mixed; utilization is carried out dressing with the disc-type granulating machine (conventional machinery in the fertilizer preparation process) of heating function, makes the simple substance slow-release nitrogen fertilizer of nitrogenous (N) amount 27.23%.
(2) getting nitrogenous (N) amount is 18%; contain available phosphorus (P2O5) amount and be 46% diammonium phosphate powder, 80 purpose biological particles carbon particle and binding agents; ratio in 70.5%, 23. 1% and 6.4% is mixed; carry out the pressure granulation with KP-300 type organic fertilizer granulator; make nitrogenous (N) amount 12.69%, contain available phosphorus (P2O5) amount and be 32.43% compound nitrogen phosphate fertilizer.
(3) get that to contain available phosphorus (P2O5) amount be 16% calcium superphosphate, 80 purpose biological particles carbon particle and binding agents; ratio in 70.2%, 23. 7% and 6.1% is mixed; carry out the pressure granulation with KP-300 type organic fertilizer granulator, make that to contain available phosphorus (P2O5) amount be 11.23% slow-release phosphate fertilizer.
(4) get that to contain effective potassium (K2O) amount be that 50% vitriolate of tartar, 80 purpose biological particles carbon particles, binding agent, zinc content are 23% zinc sulfate and boron fertilizer (Agricultural Materials shop is all available); ratio in 66.8%, 23.2%, 6.0%, 2.0%, 2.0% is mixed; carry out the pressure granulation with KP-300 type organic fertilizer granulator, make potassium, zinc, the boron composite fertilizer of potassium content 33. 40%.
Further compound: the finished product of (1), (2), (3) and (4) in 22.8%, 14.9%, 11.4% and 50.9% ratio compound, and are stirred with ZLC-300 type stirrer (conventional machinery in the fertilizer preparation process).
Also can further add 0.5% manganous sulfate and 0.5% copper sulfate, or add 1% ferrous sulfate, stir with ZLC-300 type stirrer (conventional machinery in the fertilizer preparation process).
Described binding agent is the Acidic Bentonite of PH 5.5-6.5.
Claims (7)
1. the tobacco take biological particles carbon as matrix is slow-release fertilizer dedicated, it is characterized in that containing:
1). the biological particles charcoal; With
2). binding agent; With
3). one or more in nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer;
Content by weight percentage:
The content of biological particles charcoal is 10-50%;
The slow-release fertilizer dedicated total nutrient content of described tobacco take the biological particles charcoal as matrix is 28-34%; Described total nutrient refer to nitrogen (N) or/and available phosphorus (P2O5) or/and effective potassium (K2O), wherein nitrogenous (N) amount is 7-9%; Contain available phosphorus (P2O5) amount and be 5-7%; Contain effective potassium (K2O) amount and be 16-18%;
Described biological particles charcoal is one or more in corn cob granule charcoal, rice husk particle charcoal, peanut shell granular charcoal, stalk particle charcoal, the mushroom dish particle charcoal;
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more in urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and any other formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen;
Described phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, nitrophosphate fertilizer and any one or more that contain in the phosphatic manure;
Described potash fertilizer is that vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, potassium primary phosphate and any other contain in the potassic fertilizer one or more;
Described trace element fertilizer is one or more in the trace element fertilizers such as boron, zinc, manganese, iron, copper or molybdenum;
Described binding agent is that wilkinite is or/and clay.
2. a kind of tobacco take biological particles carbon as matrix as claimed in claim 1 is slow-release fertilizer dedicated, it is characterized in that containing:
1) biological particles charcoal; With
2) binding agent; With
3) urea, diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, vitriolate of tartar, zinc sulfate and borax;
Each component content is slow-release fertilizer dedicated to produce 1 ton of charcoal base tobacco:
Each component content is slow-release fertilizer dedicated to produce 1 ton of charcoal base tobacco:
200-300 kg/tonne of biological particles carbon particle
Urea 120-150 kg/tonne
Diammonium phosphate 90-120 kg/tonne
Calcium superphosphate 60-100 kg/tonne
Vitriolate of tartar 320-360 kg/tonne
Zinc sulfate 8-12 kg/tonne
Borax 8-12 kg/tonne.
3. a kind of tobacco take biological particles carbon as matrix as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is slow-release fertilizer dedicated, it is characterized in that described biological particles carbon particle granularity 80-100 orders, described urea contains N:46%, described diammonium phosphate contains N 18%, P2O5 46%, described calcium superphosphate contains P2O5:16%, described vitriolate of tartar contains K2O 50%, and described zinc sulfate contains zinc 20%～23%, described borax boracic 11%.
4. a kind of tobacco take biological particles carbon as matrix as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is slow-release fertilizer dedicated, it is characterized in that also further containing other little fertilizer, described other little fertilizer is selected from one or more in manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, the copper sulfate.
5. a kind of tobacco take biological particles carbon as matrix as claimed in claim 4 is slow-release fertilizer dedicated, it is characterized in that other little fertile total weight percent content is 0. 5-1%.
6. such as the slow-release fertilizer dedicated preparation technology of the arbitrary described a kind of tobacco take biological particles carbon as matrix of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that described various component mixing granulations, particle diameter 3. 35-5.0mm.
7. such as the slow-release fertilizer dedicated purposes of the arbitrary described a kind of tobacco take biological particles carbon as matrix of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that it is used as disposable base fertilizer, preferred amount of application is 120-150 kg/acre, applies the planting furrow bottom before tobacco seedling is transplanted.
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