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CN102995088A - Preparation method for lead telluride-based thermoelectric coating material - Google Patents

Preparation method for lead telluride-based thermoelectric coating material Download PDF

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CN102995088A
CN102995088A CN2012105611572A CN201210561157A CN102995088A CN 102995088 A CN102995088 A CN 102995088A CN 2012105611572 A CN2012105611572 A CN 2012105611572A CN 201210561157 A CN201210561157 A CN 201210561157A CN 102995088 A CN102995088 A CN 102995088A
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pbte
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thermoelectric
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graphite
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CN102995088B (en
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王德喜
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Shenyang University of Technology
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Shenyang Ruikangda Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of a thermoelectric material and in particular relates to a preparation method for a lead telluride-based thermoelectric coating material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: using graphite as an anode, Cu, Ni, Al, Au, Ag or graphite as a cathode; carrying out electro-deposition for 3-8 hours in an electrolyte solution at a temperature of 25 DEG C to 65 DEG C; depositing on the surface of the cathode to obtain a PbTe or PbTeTl thermoelectric coating. The electro-deposition method provided by the invention has high efficiency, can obtain PbTe with a controllable thickness and uniform components and a PbTe-based thermoelectric material containing dopant; the electric potential of the electro-deposition or current density is controlled to realize the co-deposition of two or more metals, and to form the PbTe or the PbTeTl coating. The preparation method has low cost, high efficiency and strong operability.

Description

The preparation method of the thermoelectric coated material of a kind of lead telluride base
Technical field
The invention belongs to the thermoelectric material field, be specifically related to the preparation method of the thermoelectric coated material of a kind of lead telluride base.
Background technology:
Thermoelectric material is a kind of functional materials that utilizes thermoelectric effect (also being the Peltier Seebeck effect) directly heat deflection to be become electricity or conversely electricity is changed into the temperature difference.Thermoelectric material can be changed electric energy and heat energy mutually, can be used for thermoelectricity and magneto-electric functional material, is the important materials of preparation solid-state electric refrigeration device, thermoelectric power generation device and magnetoelectricity device.The index that characterizes pyroelectric material performance is material " figure of merit " (figure of merit) Z, it is defined as: Z= α 2 σ/κ, wherein: αBe the Seebeck coefficient, σBe specific conductivity, κBe thermal conductivity, the figure of merit of thermoelectric material can be divided into two portions: power factor (power factor) α 2 σThe electrical property of reflection material, thermal conductivity κThe heat conductivility of reflection material.
Thermoelectric material has oxide type and alloy-type, wherein metal oxide has high thermostability and chemical stability, can in high temperature and oxygen atmosphere, use, and most of oxide compounds are all nontoxic, pollution-free, environmental friendliness, it is a kind of environmentally friendly thermoelectric material with broad prospect of application, the advantage of oxide type thermoelectric material is that the environment for use temperature is high, can under the 500-1100K environment, use, shortcoming is poorly conductive, so that figure of merit is lower, and conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is not high yet, and 6 %~11% is only arranged, and oxide type thermoelectric material commonly used has (Zn 1-xAl x) O, (Zn 1-yMg y) 1-xAlO, (Ca 1-xBi x) MnO 3CdIn 2-xSn xO 4, Cd 2SnO 3, Cd 2Sn 1-xSb xO 4, In 2Te 1-xRe xO 4, NaCo 2O 4And CuAlO 2Alloy or intermetallic compound electric material hot in nature has: β-Zn 4Sb 3, Β-FeSi, Mg 2Si ,Bi 1-xSb x, Bi 2Te 3, Sb 2Te 3And (Bi 1-xSb x) 2Te 3, Bi 2Se 3And Bi 2Te 3-ySe y, PbSe and PbSe 1-xTe x, CoSb 3With SiGe etc., its great advantage is that the good conductivity figure of merit is high, thermoelectric conversion efficiency is also higher, reach 10%~15%, but can not in the stronger environment of very high temperature and oxidisability, use, its suitable temperature is 300-500K, and a remarkable defective of intermetallic compound is that thermal conductivity is higher, and general displacement or the multi-element alloyed method of adopting reduces its thermal conductivity.
PbTe is a kind of preferably thermoelectric material, have the NaCl crystalline structure and be widely used in the interior traditional hot electric material of mesophilic range, its use temperature can reach 673K, 15%~21%, but figure of merit is not high, and other elements that therefore often need to mix are filled, the atom of filling is less, quality is larger, the scattering effect that they produce is just larger, more unordered, and the reduction of lattice thermal conductivity is just more obvious, just can improve figure of merit.The PbTe that for example mixes behind Ag and the Sb is its derivative AgPb mSbTe 2+mAnd AgSbTe 2The sosoloid that forms, AgPb 18SbTe 20The ZT value of block materials when 800K reaches 2.2, and this is because Ag +, Sb 3+Replaced the Pb in the lattice 2+, so that there is the nanocrystalline zone of rich Ag-Sb in the lattice distorted in the PbTe lattice, the quantum dot of formation can effectively reduce lattice thermal conductivity, thereby improves the ZT value.
The method for preparing at present PbTe has alloying, solid-phase synthesis, magnetron sputtering method and physical vaporous deposition, the PbTe of front two kinds of methods preparation adopts Bridgman sintering or mechanical alloy to be combined to after both components in certain proportion are mixed, and causes uneven components when reaction is incomplete; It is very low that rear two kinds of magnetron sputtering methods and physical vaporous deposition are produced recoating efficiency, and coating performance descends.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem that prior art exists, the preparation method of the thermoelectric coated material of a kind of lead telluride base is provided, purpose is by adopting electrodip process to add tellurium dioxide, lead nitrate and thallous nitrate TlNO in nitric acid or sodium hydroxide solution 3Preparation lead telluride and the thermoelectric coated material of PbTe base that contains hotchpotch.
The technical scheme of realization the object of the invention is carried out according to following steps:
Take graphite as anode, take Cu, Ni, Al, Au, Ag or graphite as negative electrode, in being 25-65 ℃ electrolyte solution, temperature carries out galvanic deposit 3-8h, obtain PbTe or the thermoelectric coating of PbTeTl in the cathode surface deposition;
When described electrolyte solution chemical ingredients is TeO 20.01-0.06mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 2: 0.01-0.05 mol/L, HNO 30.1-0.4 during mol/L, the control cathode current density is 0.01-0.04A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTe;
When described electrolyte solution chemical ingredients is TeO 20.01-0.06mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.01-0.05mol/L, during NaOH0.1-0.3mol/L, control cathode current density 0.016-0.04A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTe;
When described electrolyte solution chemical ingredients is TeO 20.01-0.06mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.01-0.05mol/L, HNO 30.1-0.4mol/L, TlNO 30.01-0.05mol/L, or TeO 20.01-0.06 mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.01-0.05 mol/L, NaOH0.1-0.3 mol/L, TlNO 30.01-0.05 during mol/L, control cathode current density 0.015-0.06A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTeTl.
Compared with prior art, characteristics of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
The inventive method both can be selected acidic electrolyte solution on the electrolyte solution composition, can select alkaline electrolyte solution again, the TeO in the electrolyte solution composition 2Be intermediate oxide, both can in acidic conditions, dissolved also and can in alkaline condition, dissolve that the product that dissolves is also different in acid and alkalescence, pass through to control corresponding NaOH and HNO in the inventive method 3Concentration makes in the certain acidity scope and can make TeO 2When effectively dissolving, the sedimentation potential and the acidity control that guarantee PbTe are containing the Te ion and are containing in current potential-acidity (E-pH) scope of Pb ion codeposition, higher acidity can only deposit Pb, cross low acid concentration, can only deposit Te or other products, can not get expecting product P bTe, thereby, by calculating and make pH-Electric Potential Graph
Draw and to make acidity and the current potential that contains the Te ion and contain Pb ion codeposition, thereby the optimal components of determining electrolyte solution is chosen.
Electro-deposition method efficient of the present invention is high, can access that thickness is controlled, the PbTe of homogeneous chemical composition and the PbTe base thermoelectricity material that contains hotchpotch, the way of crossing the current potential of controlling galvanic deposit or current density reaches two or more metal and jointly deposits, and forming PbTe or PbTeTl coating, the method cost is low, efficient is high, workable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the photomacrograph of the PbTe coating of the embodiment of the invention 1 preparation;
Fig. 2 is the TEM figure of the PbTe coating of the embodiment of the invention 1 preparation.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment content of the present invention is described in further details.
Embodiment 1
Take graphite as anode, take Cu as negative electrode, be 25 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.01mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.03 mol/L, HNO 30.2 carry out galvanic deposit 8h in the electrolyte solution of mol/L, the control cathode current density is 0.04A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTe in cathode surface deposition, its photomacrograph as shown in Figure 1, as can be seen from Figure 1, coatingsurface is smooth evenly, its TEM figure as shown in Figure 2, as can be seen from the figure PbTe uniform particles.
Embodiment 2
Take graphite as anode, take Ni as negative electrode, be 50 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.03mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.01 mol/L, HNO 30.4 carry out galvanic deposit 5h in the electrolyte solution of mol/L, the control cathode current density is 0.02A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTe in the cathode surface deposition.
Embodiment 3
Take graphite as anode, take Al as negative electrode, be 65 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.06mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.05 mol/L, HNO 30.1 carry out galvanic deposit 3h in the electrolyte solution of mol/L, the control cathode current density is 0.01A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTe in the cathode surface deposition.
Embodiment 4
Take graphite as anode, take Au as negative electrode, be 45 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.01mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.04mol/L, HNO 30.3mol/L, TlNO 30.02mol/L electrolyte solution in carry out galvanic deposit 5h, the control cathode current density is 0.03A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTeTl in the cathode surface deposition.
Embodiment 5
Take graphite as anode, take Ag as negative electrode, be 25 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.05mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.05mol/L, HNO 30.1mol/L, TlNO 30.05mol/L electrolyte solution in carry out galvanic deposit 8h, the control cathode current density is 0.015A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTeTl in the cathode surface deposition.
Embodiment 6
Take graphite as anode, take graphite as negative electrode, be 65 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.06mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.01mol/L, HNO 30.4mol/L, TlNO 30.01mol/L electrolyte solution in carry out galvanic deposit 3h, the control cathode current density is 0.06A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTeTl in the cathode surface deposition.
Embodiment 7
Take graphite as anode, take Au as negative electrode, be 30 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.01 mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.01mol/L, NaOH 0.3 mol/L, TlNO 30.05 carry out galvanic deposit 4h in the electrolyte solution of mol/L, the control cathode current density is 0.06A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTeTl in the cathode surface deposition.
Embodiment 8
Take graphite as anode, take Cu as negative electrode, be 25 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.06 mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.05 mol/L, NaOH0.1 mol/L, TlNO 30.03 carry out galvanic deposit 3h in the electrolyte solution of mol/L, the control cathode current density is 0.015A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTeTl in the cathode surface deposition.
Embodiment 9
Take graphite as anode, take Ag as negative electrode, be 50 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.04 mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.02mol/L, NaOH0.2 mol/L, TlNO 30.01 carry out galvanic deposit 8h in the electrolyte solution of mol/L, the control cathode current density is 0.02A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTeTl in the cathode surface deposition.
Embodiment 10
Take graphite as anode, take Ag as negative electrode, be 30 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.06mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.01mol/L, carry out galvanic deposit 3.5h in the electrolyte solution of NaOH0.1mol/L, the control cathode current density is 0.016A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTe in the cathode surface deposition.
Embodiment 11
Take graphite as anode, take Ni as negative electrode, be 50 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.01mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.05mol/L, carry out galvanic deposit 3.5h in the electrolyte solution of NaOH0.3mol/L, the control cathode current density is 0.04A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTe in the cathode surface deposition.
Embodiment 12
Take graphite as anode, take Au as negative electrode, be 70 ℃ in temperature, composition is TeO 20.05mol/L, Pb (NO 3) 20.02mol/L, carry out galvanic deposit 3h in the electrolyte solution of NaOH0.2mol/L, the control cathode current density is 0.025A/cm 2, obtain the thermoelectric coating of PbTe in the cathode surface deposition.

Claims (3)

1.一种碲化铅基热电涂层材料的制备方法,其特征在于以石墨为阳极,以Cu、Ni、Al、Au、Ag或石墨为阴极,在温度为25-65℃,化学成分为TeO20.01-0.06mol/L,Pb(NO3)2: 0.01-0.05 mol/L, HNO30.1-0.4 mol/L的电解质溶液中进行电沉积3-8h,控制阴极电流密度为0.01-0.04A/cm2,在阴极表面沉积得到PbTe热电涂层。 1. A preparation method of lead telluride-based thermoelectric coating material, characterized in that graphite is used as anode, and Cu, Ni, Al, Au, Ag or graphite are used as cathode, at a temperature of 25-65°C, the chemical composition is TeO 2 0.01-0.06mol/L, Pb(NO 3 ) 2 : 0.01-0.05 mol/L, HNO 3 0.1-0.4 mol/L electrolytic solution for 3-8h, control the cathode current density to 0.01-0.04 A/cm 2 , PbTe thermoelectric coating is obtained by depositing on the cathode surface. 2. 一种碲化铅基热电涂层材料的制备方法,其特征在于以石墨为阳极,以Cu、Ni、Al、Au、Ag或石墨为阴极,在温度为25-65℃,化学成分为TeO20.01-0.06mol/L,Pb(NO3)20.01-0.05mol/L,NaOH0.1-0.3mol/L的电解质溶液中进行电沉积3-8h,控制阴极电流密度为0.016-0.04A/cm2,在阴极表面沉积得到PbTe热电涂层。 2. A preparation method of lead telluride-based thermoelectric coating material, characterized in that graphite is used as anode, and Cu, Ni, Al, Au, Ag or graphite are used as cathode, at a temperature of 25-65°C, the chemical composition is TeO 2 0.01-0.06mol/L, Pb(NO 3 ) 2 0.01-0.05mol/L, NaOH0.1-0.3mol/L electrolytic solution for 3-8h, control the cathode current density to 0.016-0.04A /cm 2 , a PbTe thermoelectric coating is deposited on the surface of the cathode. 3. 一种碲化铅基热电涂层材料的制备方法,其特征在于以石墨为阳极,以Cu、Ni、Al、Au、Ag或石墨为阴极,在温度为25-65℃,化学成分为TeO20.01-0.06mol/L,Pb(NO3)20.01-0.05mol/L,HNO30.1-0.4mol/L,TlNO30.01-0.05mol/L,或TeO20.01-0.06 mol/L ,Pb(NO3)20.01-0.05 mol/L ,NaOH0.1-0.3 mol/L ,TlNO30.01-0.05 mol/L的电解质溶液中进行电沉积3-8h,控制阴极电流密度为0.015-0.06A/cm2,在阴极表面沉积得到PbTeTl热电涂层。 3. A preparation method of lead telluride-based thermoelectric coating material, characterized in that graphite is used as anode, Cu, Ni, Al, Au, Ag or graphite is used as cathode, at a temperature of 25-65°C, the chemical composition is TeO 2 0.01-0.06mol/L, Pb(NO 3 ) 2 0.01-0.05mol/L, HNO 3 0.1-0.4mol/L, TlNO 3 0.01-0.05mol/L, or TeO 2 0.01-0.06 mol/L, Pb(NO 3 ) 2 0.01-0.05 mol/L, NaOH 0.1-0.3 mol/L, TlNO 3 0.01-0.05 mol/L electrolytic solution for 3-8h, control the cathode current density to 0.015-0.06A /cm 2 , a PbTeTl thermoelectric coating is deposited on the surface of the cathode.
CN201210561157.2A 2012-12-21 2012-12-21 Preparation method for lead telluride-based thermoelectric coating material Expired - Fee Related CN102995088B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106868563A (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-20 中国海洋大学 A kind of preparation method and application of selenide thin film modified nickel foam electrode
CN106935513A (en) * 2017-02-26 2017-07-07 桂林理工大学 A kind of preparation method of Te/PbTe hetero-junctions nano thin-film

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EP0481718A2 (en) * 1990-10-19 1992-04-22 Bp Solar Limited . electrochemical process
CN101613867A (en) * 2009-07-25 2009-12-30 天津大学 Galvanic deposit Bi 2Te 3The preparation method of mixed with thin-film thermoelectric material
US20110226299A1 (en) * 2009-01-02 2011-09-22 Tarek Makansi Device for energy conversion, electrical switching, and thermal switching
CN102392282A (en) * 2011-11-26 2012-03-28 济南大学 Method for electrochemical preparation of cadmium telluride semiconductor film under alkaline water phase condition
CN102569633A (en) * 2010-12-24 2012-07-11 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Preparation method for bismuth telluride temperature difference power generation device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0481718A2 (en) * 1990-10-19 1992-04-22 Bp Solar Limited . electrochemical process
US20110226299A1 (en) * 2009-01-02 2011-09-22 Tarek Makansi Device for energy conversion, electrical switching, and thermal switching
CN101613867A (en) * 2009-07-25 2009-12-30 天津大学 Galvanic deposit Bi 2Te 3The preparation method of mixed with thin-film thermoelectric material
CN102569633A (en) * 2010-12-24 2012-07-11 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Preparation method for bismuth telluride temperature difference power generation device
CN102392282A (en) * 2011-11-26 2012-03-28 济南大学 Method for electrochemical preparation of cadmium telluride semiconductor film under alkaline water phase condition

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106868563A (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-20 中国海洋大学 A kind of preparation method and application of selenide thin film modified nickel foam electrode
CN106868563B (en) * 2015-12-11 2019-01-25 中国海洋大学 Preparation method and application of selenide film modified foam nickel electrode
CN106935513A (en) * 2017-02-26 2017-07-07 桂林理工大学 A kind of preparation method of Te/PbTe hetero-junctions nano thin-film
CN106935513B (en) * 2017-02-26 2019-08-13 桂林理工大学 A kind of preparation method of Te/PbTe hetero-junctions nano thin-film

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