CN102959333A - A combustion apparatus and gas turbine engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a combustion apparatus (100), comprising: a combustion chamber (12) for burning a fuel/oxidant mixture; a pre-chamber (14) located upstream of the combustion chamber (12); a first means for mixing fuel and oxidant ( 10), said first means (10) being located upstream of the pre-chamber (14); wherein the combustion chamber (12) and the pre-chamber (14) comprise a common first wall which will separate each other and establish a cavity (40) (20) and a common second wall (30); the first wall (20) has at least one first opening (21) in the region of the combustion chamber (12) for introducing coolant into the cavity (40); the channel (60 ), for feeding the oxidant into the first device (10), which is formed by the housing element (70) of the combustion apparatus (100) and the common first wall (20) of the combustion chamber (12) and the pre-chamber (14) channel (60); and wherein said at least one first opening (21) is located in the region of the combustion chamber (12), and wherein the first wall (20) has at least one first opening for introducing coolant into the cavity (40) Two openings (22), wherein the at least one second opening (22) is located in the area of the pre-chamber (14).

Description

Combustion equipment and gas turbine engines

technical field

The invention relates to a combustion device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cooling system for combustion equipment. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a gas turbine engine using a combustion facility.

Background technique

The development of gas turbines will continue to require higher operating temperatures. In known cooling systems, current parallel cooling schemes result in higher flame temperatures due to the lack of available air in the main zone. Higher flame temperatures have a direct negative impact on the _NOx exhaust.

It is known to apply a double skin arrangement to combustion chambers of combustion plants. That is, the combustion chamber has first and second walls that are spaced apart from each other and establish the cavity. The first wall, which acts as the outer skin of the combustion chamber, has holes to allow coolant to enter the cavity between the first and second walls of the combustion chamber. The second wall of the combustion chamber as the inner layer also has openings, in particular perforations or a series of small holes, so that coolant can enter the combustion chamber from the cavity, cooling the inner layer of the combustion chamber. The perforations or pores in the inner layer are smaller than those on the outer skin and provide cooling and acoustic damping.

Known from EP 0 896 193 A2 is a combustion device with a double-skin arrangement. The combustion chamber and the pre-chamber have first and second walls that are spaced from each other and establish a cavity. In the first wall there is an opening for introducing coolant into the cavity. WO 2008/028621 Al also discloses such a combustion device. US 2009/0120094 A discloses a channel for directing air to a cyclone. A double-skin arrangement surrounding the combustion chamber is provided in the channel. EP 0 725 253 A2 discloses a combustion device which also has a double-skin arrangement.

Contents of the invention

It is an object of the invention to improve the cooling of combustion plants. Another object of the present invention is to reduce _NOx exhaust gases from combustion plants. These objects are achieved by a combustion plant according to claim 1 of the present invention and a gas turbine engine according to claim 14 of the present invention. Advantageous embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims of the invention.

More specifically, according to the present invention, there is provided a combustion apparatus comprising: a combustion chamber in which a fuel/oxidizer mixture is combusted; a pre-chamber located upstream of said combustion chamber; The first device is located upstream of the pre-chamber. The combustion chamber and the pre-chamber comprise a common first wall and a common second wall separating each other and establishing a cavity. Furthermore, the first wall has at least one first opening in the region of the combustion chamber for introducing coolant into the cavity. Said combustion device comprises a channel for feeding said oxidant into said first means, wherein said channel consists of a housing element of said combustion device and said common second chamber of said combustion chamber and said pre-chamber. A wall is formed. The at least one first opening is located in the region of the combustion chamber. The first wall has at least one second opening for introducing the coolant into the cavity, wherein the at least one second opening is located in the region of the pre-chamber.

In the present invention, the term "upstream" means the direction from the combustion chamber towards the pre-chamber. The first wall is the outer wall, which faces the housing of the combustion device. The second wall is the inner wall, which faces the center of the combustion device and thus the combustion flame. The at least one first opening can be realized by a hole in the first wall in the region of the combustion chamber. Thus, the cavity is a continuous cavity extending from the pre-chamber area to the combustion chamber area. In the present invention, the term "shared" also has the meaning of one of the following terms, namely, to combine, join or merge.

Due to the common first wall and the common second wall of the pre-chamber and the combustion chamber, coolant introduced through the at least one first opening can be supplied to the pre-chamber. As a result, the pre-chamber of the combustion plant is also cooled.

In the above combustion device, said at least one first opening is located in the region of said combustion chamber. Thus, part of the coolant, in particular air, can be introduced into the cavity from the first opening. Furthermore, the first wall has at least one second opening, which is also suitable for introducing the coolant, in particular the second part of the coolant, into the cavity, wherein the at least one second opening is located in the region of the pre-chamber middle.

The combustion device comprises first means for mixing fuel and oxidant, said first means being located upstream of the pre-chamber. The first device is constructed in such a way that the fuel/oxidizer mixture is introduced from the first device into the pre-chamber.

The at least one first opening and the at least one second opening in the first wall may be realized by a soft wall, or by at least one dilution hole, or by a through hole of the first wall. Due to the provision of at least one second opening in the first wall of the pre-chamber region, additional cooling of the pre-chamber can be provided.

The channel of the combustion device is used to feed the oxidant into the first device. Said channel is formed by the housing element of the combustion device and the common first wall of the combustion chamber and the pre-chamber. This means that the channel is arranged separately from the cavity. The advantage of this additional channel is that the oxidant can flow continuously and undisturbed through the channel to the first device. Thus, it is ensured that the oxidizing agent is well supplied to the first device. Only a portion of the oxidant is introduced into the cavity through at least one first opening and at least one second opening for cooling the common second wall of the pre-chamber and the combustion chamber.

An advantage of such a combustion device is that both a continuous and undisturbed supply of oxidant to the first means is ensured, as well as effective cooling of the common second wall of the pre-chamber and the combustion chamber. A coolant, in particular an oxidant, is introduced into the cavity through at least one second opening, so that the coolant can flow from the upstream end to the downstream end of the cavity, thus efficiently transferring heat through the cavity. The specific arrangement of the cavity 40 makes it possible to additionally cool the common second wall in the area of the combustion chamber and the common second wall in the area of the pre-chamber. The lifetime of the combustion equipment can be increased by better cooling of the common second wall. The arrangement of channels and cavities around the pre-chamber and the combustion chamber guarantees an ideal feeding of the oxidant to the first means of the combustion plant and a good cooling of the common second wall covering the pre-chamber and the combustion chamber. Heated coolant may be withdrawn at the downstream end of the cavity. The advantage of two common walls is that the oxidizing agent introduced into the first device via the channel is not heated very strongly in the direction towards the first device. Thus, the portion of the coolant/oxidant entering the cavity is sufficiently cold to provide effective cooling of the common second wall.

In the above combustion apparatus, the common first wall and the common second wall have the same shape. Thus, the common first wall has a larger diameter than the common second wall. The distance between the common first wall and the common second wall may be the same over the entire length of the cavity defined by the two walls. In the above combustion apparatus, the common first wall and the common second wall may be arranged in parallel to each other. This allows the coolant to flow evenly through the cavity and saves installation space. The entire combustion equipment can be kept to a minimum.

In the combustion apparatus described above, the coolant is an oxidant that flows through the channel and is introduced into the chamber through at least one first opening and at least one second opening. Alternatively, the coolant introduced into the cavity may not be the oxidizer which is led through the channel into the first means of the combustion device.

In the combustion apparatus described above, the second wall may have at least one third opening adapted to output coolant from the cavity to the combustion chamber and/or the pre-chamber.

By correspondingly arranging at least one third opening in the second wall, an optimized cooling of the second wall can be achieved by realizing a cooling film next to the second wall. If more than one third opening is provided in the second wall, these openings can be located in the region of the prechamber and/or in the region of the combustion chamber.

In the combustion apparatus described above, the first means may be arranged in such a way that coolant can be introduced into the first means from the cavity, wherein the first means is adapted to receive the coolant from the cavity.

By introducing the coolant into the first device, the coolant is supplied to the pre-chamber and the combustion chamber via the first device. Thus, effective cooling of the pre-chamber and combustion chamber can be achieved. More specifically, an effective cooling of the inner surfaces along the pre-chamber and the second wall of the combustion chamber is achieved.

In the last two combustion devices described, the second device is arranged between the first device and the chamber, wherein the second device is adapted to output coolant to the first device and/or to the pre-chamber.

Furthermore, a second device may also be located in the cavity, the second device being adapted to output coolant to the first device and/or to the pre-chamber.

By introducing the coolant into the first device via the second device, an optimized provision of the coolant to the first device can be achieved. This coolant is then supplied to the pre-chamber and the combustion chamber by first means to cool the pre-chamber and the combustion chamber. The second device can also output the coolant directly into the pre-chamber. As a result, optimized cooling of the pre-chamber can be achieved. More specifically, an effective cooling of the inner surfaces along the pre-chamber and the second wall of the combustion chamber is achieved. The output of coolant through the second means may also be selected such that the output of coolant matches the flow induced by the first means. This avoids any potential shear layers that could cause flashback.

In the combustion apparatus described above, the second device may output the coolant radially or axially into the pre-chamber or may output the coolant axially into the first device.

Wherein, the term "radial" indicates a direction toward the central axis of the combustion equipment, and the term "axial" indicates a direction parallel to the central axis of the combustion equipment. Thus, the second means may be adapted to create a film directing the flow along the pre-chamber wall. This coolant film is also achieved by the coolant output by the third opening in the second wall.

In the last two combustion plants described, the second means may comprise swirlers, in particular radial swirlers or axial swirlers.

In the above three combustion devices described, the first device and the second device may be integrally formed, ie formed in one piece.

By integrally forming the first device and the second device, the combined device can be realized in a compact form. Furthermore, producing the first and second device integrally makes it easy to generate and match the flow from the first device and the second device.

In the described combustion apparatus, the first means may comprise a swirler. Axial swirlers can be used if the coolant (especially air) is discharged into this main swirler, radial swirlers can be used if the coolant (especially air) is discharged into the pre-chamber Cyclone.

The swirler creates a swirling mixture of fuel and oxidant that travels along the pre-chamber to the combustion chamber. The swirler may be a radial swirler, ie the oxidant and/or fuel/oxidant mixture is output into the pre-chamber in a radial direction. However, the invention is not limited to the first arrangement comprising radial swirlers.

The first device may further comprise an axial swirler outputting the oxidant and/or the fuel/oxidant mixture to the pre-chamber in an axial direction.

In the combustion apparatus described above, the coolant may be an oxidant, especially air.

In the combustion apparatus described above, a partition member is located in the chamber, and divides the chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber, the first chamber is formed by the first common wall and the partition member, and the A second chamber is formed by the partition element and the second common wall, wherein, on the upstream side of the first chamber and the second chamber, the chambers are interconnected by a coolant communication path, wherein the At least one first opening is arranged at the downstream end of the first chamber, and wherein a fourth opening is arranged at the downstream end of the second chamber, and vice versa. This construction of the combustion apparatus allows very effective cooling of the common second wall of the pre-chamber and the combustion chamber. The upstream side of the first chamber and the second chamber is the side arranged around the pre-chamber. Coolant is introduced into the second chamber at the downstream end of the chamber. The coolant can thus flow through the first cavity, through the coolant communication path to the second cavity, and the heated coolant can be discharged from the second cavity. An oxidant is introduced into the cavity through the second opening so that the heated coolant can flow through the second cavity more quickly. This combustion device ensures very effective cooling of the common second wall of the prechamber and the combustion chamber.

Furthermore, the present invention discloses a gas turbine engine comprising at least one combustion device as described above.

Description of drawings

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic side sectional view of a combustion plant according to the prior art,

Figure 2 is a schematic side sectional view of a combustion apparatus according to the invention, and

Fig. 3 is a schematic side sectional view of another combustion apparatus according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

Figure 1 of the present invention shows a schematic side sectional view of a combustion plant according to the prior art. The combustion plant shown in FIG. 1 comprises a combustion chamber 12 , a pre-chamber 14 upstream of the combustion chamber 12 , and a first device 10 for mixing fuel and oxidant, wherein the first device 10 is upstream of the pre-chamber 14 . Furthermore, the combustion device according to the prior art also includes a rear plate 50 and a housing. Combustion chamber 12 has a first wall 20 and a second wall 30 , wherein first wall 20 is spaced from second wall 30 . Thus, the first wall 20 and the second wall 30 establish a cavity 40 . The first wall 20 has a first opening for coolant to enter the cavity 40 . Furthermore, the second wall 30 has at least one opening 21 for outputting coolant from the cavity 40 to the combustion chamber 12 . As a result, cooling of the combustion chamber 12 is achieved.

An oxidizing agent such as air is supplied to the first device 10 by a compressor not shown. The dotted arrows shown in the upper part of Fig. 1 indicate the flow direction of the oxidizing agent. The first device 10 is adapted to mix fuel supplied via the fuel passage through the rear plate 50 and oxidizer supplied by a not shown compressor. The first device 10 outputs an oxidant or a fuel/oxidizer mixture into a pre-chamber 14 . In the situation shown in FIG. 1 , the combustion device exhibits a cylindrical geometry such that the first device 10 outputs the oxidant or the fuel/oxidizer mixture towards the central axis of the combustion device and the first device 10 , respectively.

Depending on the radial output of the oxidant or the fuel/oxidant mixture from the first device 10 , a central recirculation occurs in the prechamber 14 . A flow structure with central recirculation extends from the prechamber 14 into the combustion chamber 12 . The dashed arrows extending from the prechamber 14 to the combustion chamber 12 indicate a flow configuration with central recirculation. Said recirculation is an aerodynamic feature of strong vortices. The recirculated flow is generally a hot product of combustion and it heats the pre-chamber and incoming fluid. The unburned oxidant and/or fuel/oxidizer mixture interacts with the walls of the pre-chamber 14 and thus heats the pre-chamber 14 .

Figure 2 of the present invention shows a schematic side sectional view of a combustion device 100 according to the present invention. The combustion apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2 comprises a combustion chamber 12 in which a fuel/oxidant mixture is combusted and a pre-chamber 14 upstream of the combustion chamber 12 . The combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14 include a common first wall 20 and a common second wall 30 , wherein the first wall 20 and the second wall 30 are spaced from each other such that they establish a cavity 40 . Thus, cavity 40 extends from combustion chamber 12 to pre-chamber 14 . Furthermore, the first wall 20 of the combustion device 100 has at least one first opening 21 adapted to introduce a coolant into the cavity 40 .

The common first wall 20 of the combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14 is the skin or outer wall of the combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14 . The common second wall 30 of the combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14 is the inner skin of the combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14, which faces the center of the combustion device 100 and thus the center of the combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14 .

The at least one first opening 21 in the first wall 20 can eg be realized by a soft wall, a dilution hole or simply by a through hole of the first wall. The position of the first opening 21 in the first wall 20 is completely changeable. For example, the first opening 21 in the first wall 20 may be located in the region of the combustion chamber 12 , as shown in FIG. 2 . However, the invention is not limited to this arrangement. The first opening 21 of the first wall 20 can also be located in the region of the prechamber 14 .

The coolant introduced into the cavity 40 through the first opening 21 in the first wall 20 propagates in the cavity 40 as indicated by the dashed arrows within the cavity 40 . Thus, in addition to the cooling of the combustion chamber 12 , a cooling of the pre-chamber 14 is also achieved.

FIG. 2 shows that at least one first opening 21 in the first wall 20 is located in the region of the combustion chamber 12 . But the present invention is not limited thereto. The at least one first opening 21 can of course also be a plurality of first openings 21 , which can be arranged in the first wall 20 . Those skilled in the art can adjust the arrangement of the plurality of first openings 21 in the first wall 20 as required.

In the combustion device 100 shown in FIG. 2 , the first wall 20 additionally has at least one second opening 22 . The at least one second opening 22 is also suitable for introducing coolant into the cavity 40 . FIG. 2 of the present invention shows that at least one second opening 22 is located in the region of the prechamber 40 . However, the invention is not limited to this arrangement. The at least one second opening 22 in the first wall 20 can also be located in another region of the double-skin arrangement of the combustion chamber 12 and the prechamber 14 . FIG. 2 shows that the coolant introduced through the second opening 22 is passed directly into the chamber 40 in the region of the prechamber 14 . Thus, a more efficient cooling of the pre-chamber 14 is achieved.

In FIG. 2 of the present invention, the dashed arrow pointing in the direction of the central axis of the combustion device 100 in the region of the prechamber 14 indicates that at least one second opening 22 is realized as three second openings 22 in the first wall 22 . However, the invention is not limited to this arrangement. Any number of second openings 22 may be formed in first wall 20 to assist one skilled in the art in achieving optimal cooling of prechamber 14 and combustion chamber 12 .

The at least one second opening 22 in the first wall 20 can be realized, for example, by a soft wall, or by at least one dilution hole, or simply by a through hole of the common first wall 20 of the combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14 .

An oxidizing agent (which may be said coolant) is led through a channel 60 to the first device 10 (which is advantageously a cyclone). The channel 60 of the combustion device 100 feeds the oxidant into the first device 10 . The channel 60 is formed by the housing element 70 of the combustion device 100 and the common first wall 20 of the combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14 . The channel 60 is arranged separately from the cavity 40 . An advantage of the additional channel 60 is that the oxidant can flow continuously and undisturbed to the first device 10 through the channel 60 . The channel 60 ensures that the oxidant is efficiently supplied to the first device 10 . Only a part of the oxidant is introduced into the cavity 40 through at least one first opening 21 and at least one second opening 22 for cooling the common second wall 30 of the prechamber 14 and the combustion chamber 12 .

Such a combustion device 100 ensures both a continuous and undisturbed supply of oxidant to the first device 10 and efficient cooling of the common second wall 30 of the prechamber 14 and the combustion chamber 12 . A coolant (in particular an oxidant) is introduced into the cavity 40 through at least one second opening 22 so that the coolant can flow from the upstream end to the downstream end of the cavity 40 and thus heat can be efficiently transferred through the cavity 40 . The particular arrangement of the cavity 40 makes it possible to additionally cool the common second wall 30 in the area of the combustion chamber 12 and the common second wall 30 in the area of the pre-chamber 14 . By better cooling the common second wall 30, the lifetime of the combustion apparatus 100 can be increased. The arrangement of channels 60 and cavities 40 around the pre-chamber 14 and the combustion chamber 12 ensures an ideal feed of oxidant to the first means 10 of the combustion plant 100 and to the common second wall 30 covering the pre-chamber 14 and the combustion chamber 12 good cooling. At the downstream end of the chamber 40, heated coolant may be withdrawn. The advantage of the two common walls 20 , 30 is that the oxidizing agent introduced into the first device 10 through the channel 60 is not strongly heated in the direction towards the first device 10 . Thus, the portion of the coolant/oxidizer entering the chamber 40 , particularly through the second opening 22 , is sufficiently cold to provide effective cooling to the common second wall 30 .

In FIG. 2, the common first wall 20 and the common second wall 30 have the same shape. The common first wall 20 has a larger diameter than the common second wall 30 . Alternatively, the distance between the common first wall 20 and the common second wall 30 may vary along the length of the cavity 40 .

In FIG. 2 , it is shown that the common second wall 30 of the combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14 has at least one third opening 31 . This at least one third opening 31 is adapted to output coolant from the cavity 40 to the combustion chamber 12 and/or the pre-chamber 14 .

The at least one third opening 31 in the common second wall 30 of the combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14 may also be a plurality of third openings 31 . FIG. 2 of the present invention shows that at least one third opening 31 in the second wall 30 is located in the region of the combustion chamber 12 . However, the invention is not limited to this arrangement. The at least one third opening 31 may also be located in other regions of the second wall 30 which assist a person skilled in the art in achieving an optimized cooling of the combustion chamber 12 and/or the pre-chamber 14 .

The coolant output into the combustion chamber 12 and/or the pre-chamber 14 through the at least one third opening 31 can build up a cooling film next to the common second wall 30 of the combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14 . Thus, optimized cooling of the combustion chamber 12 and the pre-chamber 14 can be achieved.

The at least one third opening 31 can be realized, for example, by a soft wall, or by at least one dilution hole, or simply by a through hole of the second wall 30 .

In Figure 2 of the present invention it is shown that a combustion plant 100 comprises first means 10 adapted to mix fuel and oxidant. The first device 10 is located upstream of the pre-chamber 14 . The oxidizing agent supplied by a compressor not shown is supplied to the first device 10 . The dotted arrow in the upper left of Fig. 2 indicates the flow direction of the oxidant.

In FIG. 2 it is shown that the oxidant is output by the first device in a radial direction towards the central axis of the first device 10 and the combustion device 100 respectively. Fuel can be injected into the pre-chamber 14 through the injection holes, wherein the injected fuel mixes with the oxidant supplied by the first device 10 . However, the invention is not limited to this arrangement. Fuel can also be introduced into the first device 10 via, for example, fuel channels or fuel injection holes, so that the mixing of the oxidizer and the introduced fuel takes place already in the first device 10 . The fuel/oxidant mixture is then output into the pre-chamber 14 by first means.

Although the second device 16 is shown in Figure 2 of the present invention to be located between the first device 10 and the cavity 40, the present invention is not limited to this arrangement. The second device 16 can also be omitted. If the second device 16 is omitted, the coolant introduced into the cavity 40 is directed towards the first device 10 . The first device 10 is adapted to receive coolant from the cavity 40 . This coolant is then delivered to the pre-chamber 14 where it still propagates in the direction of the combustion chamber 12 . Thus, an optimized cooling of the prechamber 14 and the combustion chamber 12 as well as of the combustion flame itself can be achieved.

In FIG. 2 of the present invention it is shown that in the combustion apparatus 100 the second device 16 is located between the first device 10 and the chamber 40 . The second device 16 is adapted to output the coolant introduced into the cavity 40 to the first device 10 and/or to the pre-chamber 14 .

If the coolant is output from the second device 16 to the first device 10 , an optimized supply of the coolant to the first device 10 and thus to the prechamber 14 and the combustion chamber 12 is achieved. An optimized cooling of the pre-chamber 14 and thus also of the combustion chamber 12 is also achieved if coolant is delivered to the pre-chamber 14 by the second device 16 .

An adaptation to the flow structure induced by the first device 10 can be achieved by a suitable delivery of the coolant via the second device 16 into the prechamber 14 . Thus, any potential shear layers that could lead to flashback of the combustion flame are avoided.

In case the second device 16 outputs coolant into the pre-chamber 14, the second device 16 may output the coolant radially or axially. This means that the second device 16 can deliver the coolant parallel to the central axis of the combustion device 100 or radially towards the central axis of the combustion device 100 .

The second device 16 may comprise a cyclone. This swirler can be a radial swirler or an axial swirler. Furthermore, the first device 10 may also comprise a swirler, which may also be a radial swirler or an axial swirler. If the first device 10 comprises an axial swirler, the axial swirler 10 must be introduced into the pre-chamber 14 . Additionally, the first device 10 and the second device 16 may be integrally formed.

With the combustion plant 100 according to the invention, an improved cooling of the prechamber 14 and of the combustion chamber 12 and of the combustion flame itself is achieved. Exhaust gases (NO _x ) are thereby reduced. The provision of the cavity 40 realized by the common first wall 20 and the common second wall 30 of the pre-chamber 14 and the combustion chamber 12 optimizes the cooling of the pre-chamber 14 and the combustion chamber 12 and of the combustion flame itself.

It must be noted that for the "common" walls of the pre-chamber and the main combustion chamber, the wall means the part that continues along both chambers (pre-chamber and main combustion chamber). For example, the common wall may be a single piece of metal pressed into the desired form to create the pre-chamber and the main combustion chamber. The first common wall and the second common wall may have a partition between each other, but on the other hand should not be joined such that the cavity between the two walls is blocked. Over the entire length of the wall, the cavity should have a width through which the cooling fluid can pass without major interruptions. In particular, there are no large areas where the two walls contact or bond with each other so as to form a cooling fluid blockage.

Thus, the two common walls with the cavity in between form a double-skin pre-chamber leading to the double-skin combustion chamber.

Fig. 3 schematically shows a side sectional view of another combustion device 100 according to the invention. In this combustion device 100 , a partition element 44 is located in the chamber 40 , dividing the chamber 40 into a first chamber 41 and a second chamber 42 . The first chamber 41 is formed by the common first wall 20 and the partition element 44 , and the second chamber 42 is formed by the partition element 44 and the second common wall 30 . On the upstream side of the first chamber 41 and the second chamber 42 (which means closer to the first device 10 ), the chambers 41 , 42 are connected to each other by a coolant communication path 45 . At the downstream end of the first chamber 41 at least one first opening 21 is arranged, and at the downstream end of the second chamber 42 a fourth opening 23 is arranged. This configuration of the combustion apparatus 100 allows very effective cooling of the common second wall 30 of the pre-chamber 14 and the combustion chamber 12 . The upstream sides of the first chamber 41 and the second chamber 42 are those sides arranged around the pre-chamber 14 . Coolant may be introduced through the first opening 21 at the downstream end of the first cavity 41 . Accordingly, the coolant may flow into the second cavity 42 through the first cavity 41 , the coolant communication path 45 and the heated coolant may be discharged from the second cavity 42 . Introducing the coolant into the cavity 40 through the second opening 22 allows the heated coolant to flow through the second cavity 42 more quickly. Such a combustion device 100 ensures very efficient cooling of the common second wall 30 of the prechamber 14 and of the combustion chamber 12 . The coolant introduced into the first cavity 41 through the first opening 21 may come from the same oxidant source as the oxidant introduced into the channel 60 . Alternatively, the coolant may be different from the oxidant introduced into channel 60 . In this case, relatively cool coolant may be introduced into the cooled walls of the combustion chamber 12 and the prechamber, respectively. Coolant can also be introduced into the second cavity 42 through the fourth opening 23 . The coolant flows into the first cavity 41 through the second cavity 42 , the coolant communication path 45 and the heated coolant may be drawn out from the first cavity 41 .

Claims (14)

1. a combustion apparatus (100) comprising:

Combustion chamber (12) is at this combustion chamber (12) combustion fuel/oxidant mixture;

Precombustion chamber (14) is positioned at the upstream of described combustion chamber (12);

Be used for the first device (10) of fuel combination and oxidant, described first device (10) is positioned at the upstream of described precombustion chamber (14); Wherein

Described combustion chamber (12) and described precombustion chamber (14) comprise with separated from one another and set up chamber (40) share the first wall (20) and shared the second wall (30);

Described the first wall (20) has at least one first opening (21) in the zone of described combustion chamber (12), be used for cooling agent is introduced described chamber (40);

Passage (60), be used for described oxidant is sent into described first device (10), wherein, described passage (60) is formed by the crust component (70) of described combustion apparatus (100) and described first wall (20) that shares of described combustion chamber (12) and described precombustion chamber (14); And

Wherein, described at least one first opening (21) is arranged in the zone of described combustion chamber (12), and wherein, described the first wall (20) has at least one second opening (22) of described cooling agent being introduced described chamber (40), wherein, described at least one second opening (22) is arranged in the zone of described precombustion chamber (14).

2. combustion apparatus according to claim 1 (100) wherein, describedly shares the first wall (20) and described shared the second wall (30) is of similar shape.

3. combustion apparatus according to claim 1 and 2 (100), wherein, described cooling agent is to flow through described passage (60) and introduce oxidant in the described chamber (40) by described at least one first opening (21) and described at least one second opening (22).

4. according to claim 1 to 3 described combustion apparatus (100), wherein, described the second wall (30) has at least one the 3rd opening (31), is used for described cooling agent is outputed to described combustion chamber (12) and/or described precombustion chamber (14) from described chamber (40).

5. according to claim 1 to one of 4 described combustion apparatus (100), wherein, described first device (10) is arranged in the following manner, that is: so that described cooling agent can be introduced into the described first device (10) from described chamber (40), wherein said first device (10) is suitable for receiving described cooling agent from described chamber (40).

6. according to claim 1 to one of 5 described combustion apparatus (100), comprise further being positioned at the devices of second between described first device (10) and described chamber (40) (16) that described the second device (16) is suitable for described cooling agent is outputed to described first device (10) and/or described precombustion chamber (14).

7. according to claim 1 to one of 6 described combustion apparatus (100), further comprise the second device (16) that is arranged in described chamber (40), described the second device (16) is suitable for described cooling agent is outputed to described first device (10) and/or described precombustion chamber (14).

8. according to claim 6 or 7 described combustion apparatus (100), wherein, described the second device (16) radially or axially outputs to described cooling agent in the described precombustion chamber (14), or described cooling agent is axially outputed in the described first device (10).

9. according to claim 6 to one of 8 described combustion apparatus (100), wherein, described the second device (16) comprises cyclone, particularly radial swirler or axial swirler.

10. according to claim 6 to one of 9 described combustion apparatus (100), wherein, described first device (10) and described the second device (16) are integrally formed.

11. to one of 10 described combustion apparatus (100), wherein, described first device (10) comprises cyclone according to claim 1.

12. according to claim 1 to one of 11 described combustion apparatus (100), wherein, in described chamber (40), be provided with separating element (44), described chamber is divided into the first chamber (41) and the second chamber (42), described the first chamber (41) is formed by described the first common wall (20) and described separating element (44), and described the second chamber (42) is formed by described separating element (44) and described the second common wall (30), wherein, upstream side in described the first chamber (41) and described the second chamber (42), these chambeies (41,42) be connected to each other by cooling agent communication path (45), wherein, described at least one first opening (21) is disposed in the downstream in described the first chamber (41), and wherein, the downstream in described the second chamber (42) is provided with the 4th opening (23), and vice versa.

13. to one of 12 described combustion apparatus (100), wherein, described cooling agent is oxidant, particularly air according to claim 1.

14. a gas-turbine unit comprises according to the described combustion apparatus of one of aforementioned claim.

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