CN102943617A - Deep hole geological exploration drilling machine - Google Patents
Deep hole geological exploration drilling machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102943617A CN102943617A CN201210422692XA CN201210422692A CN102943617A CN 102943617 A CN102943617 A CN 102943617A CN 201210422692X A CN201210422692X A CN 201210422692XA CN 201210422692 A CN201210422692 A CN 201210422692A CN 102943617 A CN102943617 A CN 102943617A
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- Prior art keywords
- bearing housing
- motor
- gyrator
- hollow shaft
- drilling rod
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10,10-dioxo-2-[4-(N-phenylanilino)phenyl]thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound O=C1c2ccccc2S(=O)(=O)c2ccc(cc12)-c1ccc(cc1)N(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000010970 Connexin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050001175 Connexin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a deep hole geological exploration drilling machine, which comprises a variable frequency permanent magnet synchronous motor, a bearing box, a hydraulic oil tank, a gyrator, a rotary motor, a water faucet for slurry circulation, back tongs for moving or fixing a drill rod and a lifting ring, wherein the central shaft of the variable frequency permanent magnet synchronous motor is a hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft of the motor is communicated with the water faucet; the bearing box hollow shaft extends downwards to form the bearing box, a bearing is arranged on the outer side of the bearing box hollow shaft ring and is connected with the bearing box, and the gyrator is sleeved on the bearing extending out of the bearing box; the hollow shaft of the drill rod is communicated with the hollow shaft of the bearing box; one end of the lifting ring is connected with two sides of the bearing box. The invention adopts the variable frequency permanent magnet motor to directly drive the drill rod to rotate, thereby saving a gear reduction box, reducing the maintenance cost of daily use and improving the transmission efficiency; the energy utilization rate is increased, the energy consumption and the carbon emission are reduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rig, relate in particular to a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rig.
Background technology
Domestic and international existing geological prospecting rig is rotating disc type, vertical shaft type and hydraulic power hair style, citation form is that diesel engine or gasoline engine+gearbox, motor+gearbox, diesel engine or motor+hydraulic pump+hydraulic motor+gearbox drive drilling rod rotary drilling form, energy efficiency is low, rig stroke little (being not more than 6 meters), can not long stroke thribble creep into, gyrator need get out of the way the aperture when putting brill, the rig lifting force is little, put and bore when being hampered bit freezing and can't turn round cleaning bottom of hole by turn on pump, a little less than the processing accident ability; Because the complexity of deep well drilling needs lower Multi-stage sleeve, opening diameter is larger, and lifting force, moment of torsion and the drilling process of existing rig can't satisfy the especially requirement of directional drilling of deep well drilling.
Existing oil drives as hydraulic motor adds gear reduction box with the top and drives that drilling rod rotary drilling, asynchronous motor supplied with variable frequency add the rotary drilling of gear reduction box drive drilling rod, asynchronous motor supplied with variable frequency directly drives drilling rod rotary drilling, but cost, rotating speed and moment of torsion are not suitable for the geology exploration, and electric efficiency and power factor are lower under the low load factor, and energy consumption is large.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rig, and it is low to have overcome the hydraulic drill rig energy utilization rate, only has about 50%; Rig is by maximum functional load design peak power (rated power), and in the process that rig creeps into from shallow to deep, the average load of practical application only has the 20%-30% of maximum load, the ratio of real output and rated power is exactly load factor, and asynchronous machine power factor and electric efficiency when low load factor sharply descend, and only have about 20%, cause the waste of the energy from face, rig band reduction box maintenance expense in the routine use process is high, and fault rate is high, the defective that noise is large.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rig, comprise be used to the frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor that drilling rod power and control drilling rod are provided, the water tap that is used for mud circulation, be used for supporting the bearing housing of the revolution of frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor central principal axis and load-bearing, be used for providing the hydraulic oil container of the hydraulic oil pump energy, be used for providing the hydraulic oil pump of rotary motor power, be used for driving the rotary motor that gyrator rotates, be used for driving the gyrator of back-up tong motion and then installation or dismounting drilling rod, be used for mobile or the fixing back-up tong of drilling rod, drilling rod reaches for the drop handle that rig is hung on the boring tower hook
Described frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor central axis is motor-hollow axle, and described motor-hollow axle is communicated with described water tap; Described bearing housing central axis is the bearing housing hollow shaft, and described bearing housing hollow shaft is communicated with described motor-hollow axle, and described bearing housing hollow shaft is connected by shaft coupling with described motor-hollow axle; Described hydraulic oil container, hydraulic oil pump are installed in the bottom of described bearing housing, and described hydraulic oil container is connected with described hydraulic oil pump by oil pipe; Described rotary motor is connected with described gyrator; Described bearing housing hollow shaft is extended described bearing housing downwards, and described bearing housing hollow collar arranged outside has bearing, and is connected with bearing housing, and described gyrator is set in and stretches out on the outer described bearing of bearing housing; Described back-up tong pass through the back-up tong support and bearing pin is connected with described gyrator; Described drilling rod is turned round flange with increasing of described bearing housing lower end and is connected, and the hollow shaft of described drilling rod is communicated with described bearing housing hollow shaft; Described drop handle symmetry is installed in the both sides of described bearing housing.
Each position of this rig with one heart and balance, rig by external pump with mud from the hollow shaft of water tap by frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor central axis and bearing housing, pass through at last drilling rod directly with at the bottom of the straight gusher of mud, circulate by the Connexin between hole and the drilling rod again.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopted the moving drilling rod revolution of frequency conversion permanent magnet motor straight tape splicing, saved gear reduction box, reduced maintenance cost used in everyday, improved transmission efficiency; Utilize magneto self-operating efficient and power factor almost with the load factor of motor irrelevant characteristic almost, increase substantially the energy utilization rate of rig, reduce energy consumption and carbon discharge capacity, reduction is to the pollution of environment, and the characteristic of utilizing magneto still can turn round the brake of generating energy consumption in the situation of external power cut-off prevents drilling rod elasticity driving.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, described motor-hollow axle is communicated with described water tap and passes through packing_seal.
Further, the bilateral symmetry position of the both sides of described frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor lower end and described bearing housing upper end is adopted coupling location, location and is fixed together.Better balance is located.
Described back-up tong lower end is provided with the drilling rod inducting device; Described drilling rod passes described back-up tong bottom.
Further, also comprise a pair of suspension ring, described suspension ring symmetry is installed in the both sides of described gyrator.
Further, comprise that also two are regulated oil cylinder, an end symmetry of described two adjusting oil cylinders is installed in the lower end of described gyrator, and the described adjusting oil cylinder other end is connected with described suspension ring by pin.Regulate oil cylinder and can work in coordination with to regulate up and down position of elevator with the gyrator rotation motor.
Further, also comprise for drilling, the decline that hoists, the fixing elevator of drilling rod, the both sides of described elevator are provided with groove, and described suspension ring lower end is placed in the groove, is connected with described suspension ring by pin.Suspension ring and elevator hang drilling rod and carry when boring lower boring, and promote gravity and are born by the bearing on the gyrator.
Further, also comprise grease-box and grease pump, described grease-box and grease pump all are fixed on the lower end of described bearing housing, and described grease-box is connected with described grease pump by oil pipe.Lubrication in the total system can be provided.
Further, comprise that also dish stops, the described dish symmetry of stopping is installed in the upper end of described gyrator.Dish is stopped and can be used for frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor central axis is checked.
Further, also comprise drop handle, described drop handle lower end is fixed on the described bearing housing, and described drop handle top is equipped with drop handle and supports, and described drop handle support and connection have balancing cylinder.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of deep hole geological prospecting of the present invention rig cross-sectional view;
Fig. 2 is a kind of deep hole geological prospecting of the present invention rig axonometric drawing;
Fig. 3 is a kind of deep hole geological prospecting of the present invention rig lateral view.
In the accompanying drawing, the list of parts of each label representative is as follows:
1, back-up tong, 2, increase and turn round flange, 3, the bearing housing hollow shaft, 4, gyrator motor, 5, grease-box, 6, grease pump, 7, bearing housing, 8, bearing, 9, the frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor, 10, packing, 11, the drop handle that is connected with drop handle of balancing cylinder supports, 12, water tap, 13, drop handle, 14, dish stops 15, shaft coupling, 16, location coupling, 17, coaster, 18, hydraulic oil pump, 19, hydraulic oil container, 20, gyrator, 21, suspension ring, 22, back-up tong supports, and 23, guide rail, 24, elevator, 25, drilling rod, 26, regulate oil cylinder.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing principle of the present invention and feature are described, institute gives an actual example and only is used for explaining the present invention, is not be used to limiting scope of the present invention.
Such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rig, comprise be used to the frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor 9 that drilling rod power and control drilling rod are provided, the water tap 12 that is used for mud circulation, be used for supporting the bearing housing 7 of the revolution of frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor central axis and load-bearing, be used for providing the hydraulic oil container 19 of hydraulic oil pump 18 energy, be used for providing the hydraulic oil pump 18 of rotary motor power, be used for driving the rotary motor 4 that gyrator 20 rotates, be used for driving the gyrator 20 of back-up tong motion and then installation or dismounting drilling rod, be used for mobile or the fixing back-up tong 1 of drilling rod, drilling rod 25 reaches for the drop handle 13 that rig is hung on the boring tower hook
Described frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor 9 central axiss are motor-hollow axle, and described motor-hollow axle is communicated with described water tap 12; Described motor-hollow axle is communicated with described water tap 12 by packing 10 sealings.The both sides of described frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor 9 lower ends and the bilateral symmetry position of described bearing housing 7 upper ends are adopted location coupling 16 location and are fixed together.
Described bearing housing central axis is the bearing housing hollow shaft, and described bearing housing hollow shaft is communicated with described motor-hollow axle, and described bearing housing hollow shaft is connected by shaft coupling 15 with described motor-hollow axle, and wherein said shaft coupling 15 is floating type shaft coupling; Described hydraulic oil container 19, hydraulic oil pump 18 are installed in the bottom of described bearing housing 7, and described hydraulic oil container 19 is connected with described hydraulic oil pump 18 by oil pipe; Described rotary motor 4 is connected with described gyrator 20; Described bearing housing hollow shaft is extended described bearing housing 7 downwards, and described bearing housing hollow shaft arranged outside has bearing 8, and is connected with bearing housing 7;
Described gyrator 20 is set on the described bearing 8 that stretches out outside the bearing housing 7; Also comprise a pair of suspension ring 21, described suspension ring 21 symmetries are installed in the both sides of described gyrator 20.Also comprise and regulate oil cylinder 26, an end symmetry of described adjusting oil cylinder 26 is installed in the lower end of described gyrator 20, and described adjusting oil cylinder 26 other ends are connected with described suspension ring 21 by pin.Comprise that also dish stops 14, described dish 14 symmetries of stopping are installed in the upper end of described gyrator 20.Described drop handle 13 tops are equipped with the drop handle support 11 that balancing cylinder is connected with drop handle.
Described back-up tong 1 is connected with described gyrator 20 by back-up tong support 22 and bearing pin; Described back-up tong 1 lower end is provided with the drilling rod inducting device; Described drilling rod 25 passes described back-up tong 1 bottom.
Described drilling rod 25 is turned round flange 2 with increasing of described bearing housing 7 lower ends and is connected, and the hollow shaft of described drilling rod 25 is communicated with described bearing housing hollow shaft; Described suspension ring 21 symmetries are installed in the both sides of described bearing housing 7.
Also comprise for drilling, the decline that hoists, the fixing elevator 24 of drilling rod, the both sides of described elevator 24 are provided with groove, and described suspension ring 21 lower ends are placed in the groove, are connected with described suspension ring 21 by pin.
Also comprise grease-box 5 and grease pump 6, described grease-box 5 and grease pump 6 all are fixed on the lower end of described bearing housing 7, and described grease-box 5 is connected with described grease pump 6 by oil pipe.
A kind of deep hole geological prospecting of the present invention rig operating principle: drop handle 13 hangs on the hook of rig boring tower, drop handle suspender belt bearing housing 7, frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor 9, rig one side cooperates with track 23 on the described coaster 17 by the connector of bearing housing 7 and frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor 9 one sides, the track 23 of 30 to 40 meters length moves up and down in the boring tower, and rig can carry out the thribble rotary drilling of 20-30 rice stroke and put brill.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. deep hole geological prospecting rig, it is characterized in that, comprise be used to the frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor that drilling rod power and control drilling rod are provided, the water tap that is used for mud circulation, be used for supporting the bearing housing of the revolution of frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor central principal axis and load-bearing, be used for providing the hydraulic oil container of the hydraulic oil pump energy, be used for providing the hydraulic oil pump of rotary motor power, be used for driving the rotary motor that gyrator rotates, be used for driving the gyrator of back-up tong motion and then installation or dismounting drilling rod, be used for mobile or the fixing back-up tong of drilling rod, for the drop handle that rig is hung on the boring tower hook
Described frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor central axis is motor-hollow axle, and described motor-hollow axle is communicated with described water tap; Described bearing housing central axis is the bearing housing hollow shaft, and described bearing housing hollow shaft is communicated with described motor-hollow axle, and described bearing housing hollow shaft is connected by shaft coupling with described motor-hollow axle; Described hydraulic oil container, hydraulic oil pump are installed in the bottom of described bearing housing, and described hydraulic oil container is connected with described hydraulic oil pump by oil pipe; Described rotary motor is connected with described gyrator; Described bearing housing hollow shaft is extended described bearing housing downwards, and described bearing housing hollow collar arranged outside has bearing, and is connected with bearing housing, and described gyrator is set in and stretches out on the outer described bearing of bearing housing; Described back-up tong is connected with described gyrator by back-up tong support and bearing pin; Described drilling rod is turned round flange with increasing of described bearing housing lower end and is connected, and the hollow shaft of described drilling rod is communicated with described bearing housing hollow shaft; Described drop handle one end is connected with the both sides of described bearing housing.
2. described a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rig according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described motor-hollow axle is communicated with described water tap and passes through packing_seal.
3. described a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rig according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the bilateral symmetry position of the both sides of described frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor lower end and described bearing housing upper end is adopted coupling location, location and is fixed together.
4. according to claim 1 to 4 each described a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rigs, it is characterized in that also comprise a pair of suspension ring, described suspension ring symmetry is installed in the both sides of described gyrator.
5. according to claim 1 to 4 each described a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rigs, it is characterized in that, comprise that also two are regulated oil cylinder, an end symmetry of described two adjusting oil cylinders is installed in the lower end of described gyrator, and the described adjusting oil cylinder other end is connected with described suspension ring by pin.
6. according to claim 1 to 4 each described a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rigs, it is characterized in that, also comprise for drilling, the decline that hoists, the fixing elevator of drilling rod, the both sides of described elevator are provided with groove, described suspension ring lower end is placed in the groove, is connected with described suspension ring by pin.
7. according to claim 1 to 4 each described a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rigs, it is characterized in that, also comprise grease-box and grease pump, described grease-box and grease pump all are fixed on the lower end of described bearing housing, and described grease-box is connected with described grease pump by oil pipe.
8. described a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rig according to claim 7 is characterized in that, comprises that also dish stops, and the described dish symmetry of stopping is installed in the upper end of described gyrator.
9. described a kind of deep hole geological prospecting rig according to claim 8 is characterized in that it is characterized in that, also comprise drop handle, described drop handle lower end is fixed on the described bearing housing, and described drop handle top is equipped with drop handle and supports, and described drop handle support and connection have balancing cylinder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210422692XA CN102943617A (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Deep hole geological exploration drilling machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210422692XA CN102943617A (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Deep hole geological exploration drilling machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102943617A true CN102943617A (en) | 2013-02-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210422692XA Pending CN102943617A (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Deep hole geological exploration drilling machine |
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| CN (1) | CN102943617A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105484682A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-04-13 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Self-sealing drilling tool lifting device capable of transmitting torque |
| CN106089021A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-11-09 | 衡阳中地装备探矿工程机械有限公司 | A kind of basket type top drive drilling unit head |
| CN106401489A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-02-15 | 深圳市玖品空气净化科技有限公司 | Drilling equipment for oil exploration and with good heat dissipation effect |
| CN109441339A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-08 | 湖北环电磁装备工程技术有限公司 | A kind of top portion driving oil drilling machine that permanent magnet synchronous motor directly drives |
| CN110905414A (en) * | 2019-12-22 | 2020-03-24 | 黑龙江北方双佳钻采机具有限责任公司 | Mechanical type outer card top is driven lower single rings assembly for sleeve pipe device |
| CN111173441A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-19 | 河北建勘钻探设备有限公司 | Rare earth permanent magnet direct-drive drilling machine |
| CN111395947A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-07-10 | 中国地质装备集团有限公司 | Multi-process top electrically-driven drilling device |
| CN114086899A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-25 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Hydraulic propelling equipment for well drilling for geological exploration |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105484682A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-04-13 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Self-sealing drilling tool lifting device capable of transmitting torque |
| CN105484682B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-08-08 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Can the self-sealed drilling tool of torsion pass carry leading-in device |
| CN106089021A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-11-09 | 衡阳中地装备探矿工程机械有限公司 | A kind of basket type top drive drilling unit head |
| CN106401489A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-02-15 | 深圳市玖品空气净化科技有限公司 | Drilling equipment for oil exploration and with good heat dissipation effect |
| CN106401489B (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2018-10-09 | 东营市洁东石油技术开发有限公司 | A kind of drilling equipment for oil exploration |
| CN109441339A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-08 | 湖北环电磁装备工程技术有限公司 | A kind of top portion driving oil drilling machine that permanent magnet synchronous motor directly drives |
| CN110905414A (en) * | 2019-12-22 | 2020-03-24 | 黑龙江北方双佳钻采机具有限责任公司 | Mechanical type outer card top is driven lower single rings assembly for sleeve pipe device |
| CN110905414B (en) * | 2019-12-22 | 2021-04-23 | 黑龙江北方双佳钻采机具有限责任公司 | Mechanical type outer card top is driven lower single rings assembly for sleeve pipe device |
| CN111173441A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-19 | 河北建勘钻探设备有限公司 | Rare earth permanent magnet direct-drive drilling machine |
| CN111395947A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-07-10 | 中国地质装备集团有限公司 | Multi-process top electrically-driven drilling device |
| CN111395947B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2022-07-26 | 中国地质装备集团有限公司 | Multi-process top electrically-driven drilling device |
| CN114086899A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-25 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Hydraulic propelling equipment for well drilling for geological exploration |
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Application publication date: 20130227 |