Summary of the invention
Composite lightweight wall plate of the object of this invention is to provide that a kind of intensity is high, surface density is low, constructability, heat preservation and soundproof are effective and preparation method thereof.
A kind of composite lightweight wall plate provided by the present invention is by the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor, compound the formed three-layer combined structure of fine and close surface layer 3 gaplesss of light sandwich layer 2 and upper strata, the side of described wallboard has notch and tenon fit shapes, identical and the thickness of the thickness of the fine and close surface layer 1 of wherein said lower floor and the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata is 5 ~ 10mm, and the thickness of described light sandwich layer 2 is 40 ~ 140 mm, the fine and close surface layer 1 of described lower floor is identical with the composition of the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata, to be composited by mortar and one deck alkali-proof glass fiber mesh, described mortar consist of medium sand, cement, flyash, thin expanded perlite, sawdust, lignin fibre, pva powder and water, cement is general purpose portland cement more than label 32.5MPa, described medium sand, the mass ratio of cement and flyash is: medium sand: cement: flyash=(5 ~ 7): (4 ~ 2): 1, with described medium sand, cement, flyash three's addition is benchmark, beyond all the other batchings, add mode counts the composition of mortar, wherein said thin expanded perlite accounts for 5 ~ 15% of medium sand stacking volume, described sawdust accounts for 5 ~ 10% of medium sand stacking volume, described lignin fibre accounts for 2% of cement and flyash quality sum, described pva powder accounts for 1% of cement and flyash quality sum, water ash mass ratio in described mortar is (0.3 ~ 0.6): 1, ash in described water ash mass ratio comprises described cement and flyash, it is that 2.5 ~ 5% solution is prepared burden again that described pva powder need to first be dissolved into mass concentration, described light sandwich layer (2) is to be composited by hollow haydite light aggregate concrete and enhancing muscle net, wherein said hollow haydite light aggregate concrete consist of hollow haydite, granular polystyrene, thick expanded perlite, cement, flyash, lignin fibre, carboxymethyl cellulose and water, described hollow haydite wall thickness is 0.5 ~ 2.5mm, piles up unit weight 300 ~ 600kg/m
3, particle diameter 3 ~ 15mm, cylindrical compress strength 33MPa, be shaped as spherical or near-spherical, described cement is general purpose portland cement more than label 32.5MPa, wherein said hollow haydite, granular polystyrene, thick expanded perlite is for gathering materials, hollow haydite in described gathering materials, the stacking volume ratio of granular polystyrene and thick expanded perlite is: hollow haydite: granular polystyrene: thick expanded perlite=(4 ~ 5): (3 ~ 4): (4 ~ 1), described gathering materials, the stacking volume ratio of cement and flyash is: gather materials: cement: flyash=(5 ~ 7): (5.1 ~ 2.5): 1.3, water ash mass ratio is: (0.3 ~ 0.6): 1, ash in described water ash mass ratio comprises cement and flyash, described lignin fibre accounts for 2% of cement and flyash quality sum, carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for 1% of cement and flyash quality sum, described enhancing muscle net is bamboo reinforcement net or steel mesh reinforcement.
Preparation method's concrete steps of a kind of composite lightweight wall plate provided by the present invention are as follows:
(1) be assembled into and a set ofly can water the moulding form that outpours wallboard base substrate lifting plate 4 and can forming the left surface baffle plate 5 of tenon shape, the right flank baffle plate 6, front flat baffle plate 7 and the rear flat baffle plate 8 that form notch shape, described lifting between plate 4 and side board connects by hinge 9, surface of internal cavity at mould is coated release agent, described in then a glass grid cloth identical with prepared composite lightweight wall plate flat shape being laid on, lifts on the surface of plate 4;
(2) add after fine and close surface layer 3 needed raw materials of fine and close described lower floor surface layer 1 and upper strata are taken according to described match ratio and in mixer, stir 5 ~ 10min and be mixed with described mortar, take out described part mortar and be evenly arranged in lifting on plate 4 of described step (1) moulding form, the face steel rider of using up is rolled into the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor of thickness 5 ~ 10mm;
(3) described light sandwich layer 2 needed raw material are become to the required hollow haydite light aggregate concrete of light sandwich layer 2 according to described match ratio preparation, taking described hollow haydite light aggregate concrete adds and in mixer, stirs 5 ~ 10min, then from mixer, taking out described hollow haydite light aggregate concrete is evenly arranged on the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor that step (2) obtains, in cloth process, will strengthen the muscle network arrangements of use in the centre of light sandwich layer 2, and use up face steel rider by plain described light sandwich layer 2 roll extrusion;
(4) measure the mortar that described step (2) prepares, be evenly arranged on described light sandwich layer 2 surface that the mortar of thick layer 5 ~ 10mm makes in step (3), then in mortar aspect, arrange one with the glass grid cloth of wallboard isoplanar shape, and use up face steel rider mortar is rolled into the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata that alkali-resistant glass fibre strengthens, on the fine and close surface layer 3 in described upper strata, lay layer of plastic film more simultaneously, obtain composite lightweight wall plate base substrate;
(5) composite lightweight wall plate base substrate step (4) being obtained is maintenance demoulding after 5 ~ 24 hours at the temperature of 20 ~ 50 DEG C together with moulding form, prepare described composite lightweight wall plate, this composite lightweight wall plate continues maintenance again to the 28 days length of time, just can be used as partition board, room separate wall plate, exterior-protecting wall panel and go to build the body of wall of self-heat conserving, sound insulation, green building.
Technical advantage of the present invention:
(1) in the sandwich of layers of composite lightweight wall plate of the present invention, adopted hollow haydite, with the equal unit weight of other wallboards in the situation that, the compressive strength of wallboard of the present invention is higher like this, and overall mechanical property is better, and anti-seismic performance is even more ideal;
(2) adopt inorfil and the organic fibers such as alkali-resistant glass fibre, reinforcing bar or bamboo reinforcement, lignin fibre, and the means that interweave of long and short fiber composite, mechanical structure to wallboard of the present invention inside has carried out organic enhancing, therefore compare with existing combined wall board, longer service life, the mechanical stability of wallboard of the present invention are better;
(3) in wallboard of the present invention, the stored moisture of hollow haydite can slowly release, and makes in wallboard curing time hydration reaction more abundant, and hydration rate is faster; Therefore the maintenance processes of wallboard does not need supplementing water again.
(4) after the intensity index of hollow haydite self is improved, the integrated performance index that the wallboard that the inventive method processes has, the difference that can meet partition wall body of wall, party wall body, retaining wall is built demand, the cold-heat bridge that can eliminate body of wall after coordinating with self-heat conserving seam mortar completely, self-heat conserving and soundproof effect will be better.
(5) wallboard of the present invention has three-layer combined structure, and every one deck all has lower coefficient of thermal conductivity, and therefore the body of wall of constructing does not adopt outer Insulation can meet more than 65% demand of building energy conservation yet.
Detailed description of the invention:
Embodiment 1: a kind of composite lightweight wall plate, it is by the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor, compound the formed three-layer composite structure of fine and close surface layer 3 gaplesss of light sandwich layer 2 and upper strata, and the side of composite lightweight wall plate has notch and tenon fit shapes, inner compact layer surface layer is wherein identical with outer dense face layer thickness, thickness 10mm, sandwich of layers thickness is 130 mm.
The fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor of this composite lightweight wall plate is identical with the composition of the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata, to be composited by mortar and one deck alkali-proof glass fiber mesh, mortar consist of medium sand, cement, flyash, thin expanded perlite, sawdust, lignin fibre, pva powder and water, cement is the Portland cement of label 42.5MPa, with medium sand, cement, flyash three's addition is benchmark, beyond all the other batchings, add mode counts the composition of mortar, wherein medium sand: cement: flyash=6:3:1(mass ratio), thin expanded perlite accounts for 10% of medium sand stacking volume, sawdust accounts for 5% of medium sand stacking volume, lignin fibre accounts for 2% of cement and flyash quality sum, polyvinyl alcohol accounts for 1% of cement and flyash quality sum, the water ash mass ratio of mortar is 0.4:1, it is that 2.5% solution is prepared burden again that pva powder is first dissolved into mass concentration.
The light sandwich layer 2 of light composite wallboard is to be composited by hollow haydite light aggregate concrete and enhancing muscle net, wherein hollow haydite light aggregate concrete consist of hollow haydite, granular polystyrene, thick expanded perlite, cement, flyash, lignin fibre, carboxymethyl cellulose and water, cement is the Portland cement of label 42.5MPa, wherein, hollow haydite, granular polystyrene, thick expanded perlite is for gathering materials, hollow haydite in gathering materials: granular polystyrene: thick expanded perlite=5:3:2 (stacking volume ratio), gather materials: cement: flyash=6:4:1.3 (stacking volume ratio), water ash mass ratio=0.4, lignin fibre accounts for 2% of cement and flyash quality sum, carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for 1% of cement and flyash quality sum, the steel mesh reinforcement that the reinforcing bar that enhancing muscle net is f4mm becomes.
Hollow haydite wall thickness in composite lightweight wall plate is 1 ~ 2mm, piles up unit weight 500kg/m
3, particle diameter 5 ~ 15mm, cylindrical compress strength 35MPa.
Described composite lightweight wall plate adopts the moulding of flat-die rolling process, and concrete preparation process is:
(1) be assembled into and a set ofly can water the moulding form that outpours wallboard base substrate lifting plate 4 and can forming the left surface baffle plate 5 of tenon shape, the right flank baffle plate 6, front flat baffle plate 7 and the rear flat baffle plate 8 that form notch shape, lift between plate and side board and connect by hinge 9, surface of internal cavity at mould is coated release agent, then one is layered on and lifts plate surface with the glass grid cloth of wallboard isoplanar shape;
(2) add after required fine and close surface layer mortar is taken according to described match ratio and in mixer, stir 10min, take out part and be evenly arranged in lifting on plate of the middle moulding form of described step (1), the face steel rider of using up is rolled into the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor of thickness 10mm;
(3) prepare the required hollow haydite light aggregate concrete of light sandwich layer 2 by described match ratio, take to add after batching and in mixer, stir 10min, then from mixer, take out hollow haydite light aggregate concrete, be evenly arranged on the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor of moulding form, in cloth process, will strengthen the muscle network arrangements of use in the centre of light sandwich layer, and use up face steel rider by real the gentle roll extrusion of light sandwich layer 2 roll extrusion;
(4) measure the mortar preparing by step (2), be evenly arranged the mortar of thick layer 10mm on light sandwich layer surface, then in mortar aspect, arrange the glass grid cloth of one and wallboard isoplanar shape, and use up face steel rider mortar is rolled into the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata that alkali-resistant glass fibre strengthens, while is layer overlay plastic sheeting on the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata again, has completed the forming process of composite lightweight wall plate base substrate three-layer composite structure;
(5) by composite lightweight wall plate base substrate complete step (4) moulding maintenance demoulding after 10 hours at the temperature of 50 DEG C together with moulding form, just processed composite lightweight wall plate of the present invention, composite lightweight wall plate continues to carry out Performance Detection again maintenance to the 28 days length of time, detect the compressive strength 315MPa of rear wall plate, bulk density 800kg/m
3, thermal transmittance £ 0.6W/ (m
2k), other performance indications meet country or the industry standard requirement of Light trabs, can remove to build as enclosure wall wallboard the body of wall of self-heat conserving, sound insulation, green building.
Embodiment 2: a kind of composite lightweight wall plate, it is by the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor, compound the formed three-layer composite structure of fine and close surface layer 3 gaplesss of light sandwich layer 2 and upper strata, and the side of light composite wallboard has notch and tenon fit shapes, inner compact layer surface layer is wherein identical with outer dense face layer thickness, thickness 5mm, sandwich of layers thickness is 80 mm.
The fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor of composite lightweight wall plate is identical with the composition of the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata, to be composited by mortar and the alkaline-resisting alkali-proof glass fiber mesh of one deck, mortar consist of medium sand, cement, flyash, thin expanded perlite, sawdust, lignin fibre, pva powder and water, cement is the portland slag cement of label 42.5MPa, with medium sand, cement, flyash three's addition is benchmark, beyond all the other batchings, add mode counts the composition of mortar, wherein medium sand: cement: flyash=6:3:1(mass ratio), thin expanded perlite accounts for 10% of medium sand stacking volume, sawdust accounts for 5% of medium sand stacking volume, lignin fibre accounts for 2% of cement and flyash quality sum, PVA accounts for 1% of cement and flyash quality sum, the water ash mass ratio of mortar is 0.4:1, it is that 2.5% solution is prepared burden again that pva powder is first dissolved into mass concentration.
The light sandwich layer of composite lightweight wall plate is to be composited by hollow haydite light aggregate concrete and enhancing muscle net, wherein consisting of of hollow haydite light aggregate concrete: hollow haydite, granular polystyrene, thick expanded perlite, cement, flyash, lignin fibre, carboxymethyl cellulose and water, cement is the portland slag cement of label 42.5MPa, wherein, hollow haydite, granular polystyrene, thick expanded perlite is for gathering materials, hollow haydite in gathering materials: granular polystyrene: thick expanded perlite=4:4:2 (stacking volume ratio), gather materials: cement: flyash=6:3.8:1.3 (stacking volume ratio), water ash mass ratio=0.5, lignin fibre accounts for 2% of cement and flyash quality sum, CMC accounts for 1% of cement and flyash quality sum, strengthen the bamboo reinforcement net that muscle net becomes for sectional dimension 8mm ' 12mm bamboo reinforcement.
Hollow haydite wall thickness in composite lightweight wall plate is 1 ~ 2mm, piles up unit weight 400kg/m
3, particle diameter 5 ~ 10mm, cylindrical compress strength 33MPa.
Described composite lightweight wall plate adopts the moulding of flat-die rolling process, and concrete preparation process is:
(1) be assembled into and a set ofly can water the moulding form that outpours wallboard base substrate lifting plate 4 and can forming the left surface baffle plate 5 of tenon shape, the right flank baffle plate 6, front flat baffle plate 7 and the rear flat baffle plate 8 that form notch shape, lift between plate and side board and connect by hinge 9, surface of internal cavity at mould is coated release agent, then one is layered on and lifts plate surface with the glass grid cloth of wallboard isoplanar shape;
(2) add after required fine and close surface layer mortar is taken according to described match ratio and in mixer, stir 10min, take out part and be evenly arranged in lifting on plate 4 of the middle moulding form of described step (1), the face steel rider of using up is rolled into the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor of thickness 5mm;
(3) prepare the required hollow haydite light aggregate concrete of light sandwich layer 2 by described match ratio, take to add after batching and in mixer, stir 5min, then from mixer, take out hollow haydite light aggregate concrete, be evenly arranged on the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor of moulding form, in cloth process, will strengthen the muscle network arrangements of use in the centre of light sandwich layer 2, and use up face steel rider by real the gentle roll extrusion of light sandwich layer 2 roll extrusion;
(4) measure the mortar preparing by step (2), be evenly arranged the mortar of thick layer 5mm on light sandwich layer 2 surface, then in mortar aspect, arrange the glass grid cloth of one and wallboard isoplanar shape, and use up face steel rider mortar is rolled into the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata that alkali-resistant glass fibre strengthens, while is layer overlay plastic sheeting on the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata again, has completed the forming process of composite lightweight wall plate base substrate three-layer composite structure;
(5) by composite lightweight wall plate base substrate complete step (4) moulding maintenance demoulding after 5 hours at the temperature of 30 DEG C together with moulding form, just processed composite lightweight wall plate of the present invention, composite lightweight wall plate continues to carry out Performance Detection again maintenance to the 28 days length of time, detect the compressive strength 35MPa of rear wall plate, bulk density 700kg/m
3, thermal transmittance £ 0.45W/ (m
2k), other performance indications meet country or the industry standard requirement of Light trabs, just can be used as partition board and go to build the partition wall body of wall of self-heat conserving, sound insulation, green building.
Embodiment 3: a kind of composite lightweight wall plate, it is the three-layer combined structure being compounded to form by the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor, fine and close surface layer 3 gaplesss of light sandwich layer 2 and upper strata, and the side of composite lightweight wall plate has notch and tenon fit shapes, inner compact layer surface layer is wherein identical with outer dense face layer thickness, thickness 7.5mm, sandwich of layers thickness is 135mm.
The fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor of composite lightweight wall plate is identical with the composition of the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata, to be composited by mortar and the alkaline-resisting alkali-proof glass fiber mesh of one deck, mortar consist of medium sand, cement, flyash, thin expanded perlite, sawdust, lignin fibre, pva powder and water, cement is the Portland cement of label 42.5MPa, with medium sand, cement, flyash three's addition is benchmark, beyond all the other batchings, add mode counts the composition of mortar, wherein medium sand: cement: flyash=7:2:1 (mass ratio), thin expanded perlite accounts for 10% of medium sand stacking volume, sawdust accounts for 5% of medium sand stacking volume, lignin fibre accounts for 2% of cement and flyash quality sum, polyvinyl alcohol accounts for 1% of cement and flyash quality sum, the water ash mass ratio of mortar is 0.3:1, it is that 2.5% solution is prepared burden again that pva powder is first dissolved into mass concentration.
The light sandwich layer 2 of composite lightweight wall plate is to be composited by hollow haydite light aggregate concrete and enhancing muscle net, wherein consisting of of hollow haydite light aggregate concrete: hollow haydite, granular polystyrene, thick expanded perlite, cement, flyash, lignin fibre, carboxymethyl cellulose and water, cement is the Portland cement of label 42.5MPa, wherein, hollow haydite, granular polystyrene, thick expanded perlite is for gathering materials, hollow haydite in gathering materials: granular polystyrene: thick expanded perlite=5:3:2 (stacking volume ratio), gather materials: cement: flyash=6:5:1.3 (stacking volume ratio), water ash mass ratio=0.4, lignin fibre accounts for 2% of cement and flyash quality sum, carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for 1% of cement and flyash quality sum, strengthen the steel mesh reinforcement that muscle net becomes for f3 mm reinforcing bar.
Hollow haydite wall thickness in composite lightweight wall plate is 1 ~ 2mm, piles up unit weight 400kg/m
3, particle diameter 5 ~ 10mm, cylindrical compress strength 33MPa.
Described composite lightweight wall plate adopts the moulding of flat-die rolling process, and concrete preparation process is:
(1) be assembled into and a set ofly can water the moulding form that outpours wallboard base substrate lifting plate 4 and can forming the left surface baffle plate 5 of tenon shape, the right flank baffle plate 6, front flat baffle plate 7 and the rear flat baffle plate 8 that form notch shape, lift between plate and side board and connect by hinge 9, surface of internal cavity at mould is coated release agent, then one is layered on and lifts plate 4 surfaces with the glass grid cloth of wallboard isoplanar shape;
(2) add after required fine and close surface layer mortar is taken according to described match ratio and in mixer, stir 10min, take out part and be evenly arranged in lifting on plate 4 of the middle moulding form of described step (1), the face steel rider of using up is rolled into the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor of thickness 7.5mm;
(3) prepare the required hollow haydite light aggregate concrete of light sandwich layer 2 by described match ratio, take to add after batching and in mixer, stir 10min, then from mixer, take out hollow haydite light aggregate concrete, be evenly arranged on the plucking surface of the fine and close surface layer 1 of lower floor of moulding form, in cloth process, will strengthen the muscle network arrangements of use in the centre of light sandwich layer 2, and use up face steel rider by real the gentle roll extrusion of light sandwich layer 2 roll extrusion;
(4) measure the mortar preparing by step (2), be evenly arranged the mortar of thick layer 7.5mm on light sandwich layer 2 surface, then in mortar aspect, arrange the glass grid cloth of one and wallboard isoplanar shape, and use up face steel rider mortar is rolled into the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata that alkali-resistant glass fibre strengthens, while is layer overlay plastic sheeting on the fine and close surface layer 3 in upper strata again, has completed the forming process of composite lightweight wall plate base substrate three-layer composite structure;
(5) by composite lightweight wall plate base substrate complete step (4) moulding maintenance demoulding after 10 hours at the temperature of 30 DEG C together with moulding form, just processed composite lightweight wall plate of the present invention, composite lightweight wall plate continues to carry out Performance Detection again maintenance to the 28 days length of time, detect the compressive strength 37.5MPa of rear wall plate, bulk density 800kg/m
3, thermal transmittance £ 0.6W/ (m
2k), other performance indications meet country or the industry standard requirement of Light trabs, just can remove to build with party wall body wallboard the party wall body of self-heat conserving, sound insulation, green building.