CN102934620B - Method for feeding sepiella maindroni - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 241001663378 Sepiella maindroni Species 0.000 title description 2
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000036208 Mysis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000442132 Lactarius lactarius Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000238582 Artemia Species 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238371 Sepiidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000062804 prey Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019583 umami taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
本发明属于海水养殖技术领域，具体涉及一种曼式无针乌贼喂养方法。包括亲本暂养喂养和幼苗培育喂养：1）亲本暂养喂养，将配组好的曼式无针乌贼暂养在室内水泥池中，暂养期间每1小时按卤虫幼体、维生素、糠虾、矿物质交替投喂饲料；2）幼苗培育喂养，幼苗孵化出膜后24小时内开始投喂饲料，每日所喂的饲料由基础料、白鱼粉、微晶纤维素、糊精、生物提取油、卤虫幼体、糠虾和黄酮为原料；把泥状饲料每日平均分5次均匀投喂至养殖曼氏无针乌贼的网箱中。本发明能满足曼氏无针乌贼的合理的营养需求，又具有较好的摄食效果，并且不会造成水体中的饲料过量累积，使曼氏无针乌贼既能较快地生长，从而曼氏无针乌贼的成活率较高，达到43%以上。The invention belongs to the technical field of mariculture, and in particular relates to a Mann-style needleless squid feeding method. Including parental temporary feeding and seedling cultivation and feeding: 1) Parental temporary feeding, the grouped Mann-style squid is temporarily reared in an indoor cement pool, and Artemia larvae, vitamins, and mysis shrimp are fed every hour during the temporary rearing period. , Alternate feeding of minerals; 2) Cultivation and feeding of seedlings. Feeds will be fed within 24 hours after the seedlings hatch out of the film. The daily feed consists of basic materials, white fish meal, microcrystalline cellulose, dextrin, biological extracts Oil, Artemia larvae, mysis and flavonoids were used as raw materials; the muddy feed was evenly fed 5 times a day to the cages for cultivating Squid Mansoni. The invention can meet the reasonable nutritional requirements of the squid and has a good feeding effect, and will not cause excessive accumulation of feed in the water body, so that the squid can grow quickly and the squid can grow quickly. The survival rate of needleless squid is higher, reaching more than 43%.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于海水养殖技术领域，具体涉及一种曼式无针乌贼喂养方法。 The invention belongs to the technical field of mariculture, and in particular relates to a Mann-style needleless squid feeding method.
背景技术 Background technique
曼氏无针乌贼（Sepiella maindroni）属于头足类，是我国重要的海洋经济动物，其含有丰富的蛋白质和不饱和脂肪酸等，粗蛋白含量为灰份重量的79.74%，其中具有7种人体必需氨基酸和4种鲜味氨基酸，而不饱和脂肪酸中以EPA和DHA为主，因此曼氏无针乌贼以营养丰富、味道鲜美深受大众的喜爱。自然的曼氏无针乌贼以捕食鱼类和甲壳类等动物为天然饲料，目前人工养殖曼氏无针乌贼主要用冰冻小杂鱼作为喂养饲料，把冰冻小杂鱼直接或剪碎后散投在养殖水体中，每天的投喂量为曼氏无针乌贼的总重量的8-20%，一般每天分1-3次投喂，而曼氏无针乌贼对冰冻小杂鱼的利用率较低，并且会造成水质的污染，从而目前用冰冻小杂鱼为饲料人工养殖曼氏无针乌贼的成活率较低，不到35%，而饲料成本较高，从而降低了人工养殖曼氏无针乌贼的效益，也制约人工养殖曼氏无针乌贼的规模。 Sepiella maindroni belongs to cephalopods and is an important marine economic animal in my country. It is rich in protein and unsaturated fatty acids, etc., and the crude protein content is 79.74% of the ash weight. Amino acids and 4 kinds of umami amino acids, EPA and DHA are the main unsaturated fatty acids, so the squid is rich in nutrition and delicious, and is deeply loved by the public. The natural squid preys on fish and crustaceans as natural feed. At present, the artificial cultured squid mainly uses frozen small fish as feed, and the frozen small fish are directly or chopped up and then scattered. In the aquaculture water body, the daily feeding amount is 8-20% of the total weight of squid mansoni, generally 1-3 times a day, and the utilization rate of squid mansoni to frozen small miscellaneous fish is relatively low. low, and will cause water pollution, so the survival rate of artificially cultured mansoni squid with frozen small miscellaneous fish as feed is low, less than 35%, and the feed cost is higher, thereby reducing the artificial culture of mansoni. The benefit of the needle squid also restricts the scale of the artificial culture of the needle squid.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明的目的在于设计提供一种曼式无针乌贼喂养方法的技术方案。 Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to design and provide a technical solution for a Mann-style needle-free squid feeding method.
所述的曼式无针乌贼喂养方法，其特征在于包括亲本暂养喂养和幼苗培育喂养， The Mann-style needle-free squid feeding method is characterized in that it includes parental temporary feeding and seedling cultivation feeding,
1）亲本暂养喂养 1) Temporary feeding by parents
将配组好的曼式无针乌贼暂养在室内水泥池中，控制水泥池水温为20～25℃，海水盐度25～30，光周期L：D为4:20，同时对曼式无针乌贼进行5～8m/min的流水刺激10～15分钟，暂养期间每1小时按卤虫幼体、维生素、糠虾、矿物质交替投喂饲料，投喂量为亲本重量的0.15～0.25倍； Temporarily raise the assembled Mann-style needleless squid in an indoor cement pool. The needle squid is stimulated by 5-8m/min running water for 10-15 minutes. During the temporary breeding period, the feed is alternately fed with artemia larvae, vitamins, mysis and minerals every hour, and the feeding amount is 0.15-0.25 times the weight of the parent. ;
2）幼苗培育喂养 2) Seedling cultivation and feeding
幼苗孵化出膜后24小时内开始投喂饲料，每日所喂的饲料由基础料、白鱼粉、微晶纤维素、糊精、生物提取油、卤虫幼体、糠虾和黄酮为原料，经与水混合，配制成每日的饲料粉料；把配制的饲料粉料制备成泥状饲料，其中含水率为10-20%，保湿备用；把泥状饲料每日平均分5次均匀投喂至养殖曼氏无针乌贼的网箱中，饲料每日投喂重量为网箱中曼氏无针乌贼总重量的13-15%。 Feeds were fed within 24 hours after the seedlings hatched out of the film. The feeds fed daily consisted of basic materials, white fish meal, microcrystalline cellulose, dextrin, biologically extracted oil, Artemia larvae, mysis shrimp and flavonoids. Mix it with water to prepare daily feed powder; prepare the prepared feed powder into mud feed, the water content of which is 10-20%, and keep it moisturized for later use; divide the mud feed 5 times a day and feed it evenly In the net cages for cultivating squid mansoni, the daily feeding weight of the feed is 13-15% of the total weight of squid mansoni in the net cage.
所述的曼式无针乌贼喂养方法，其特征在于所述的基础料为国产鱼粉62%、a -淀粉19%、大豆饼13%、花生饼2%、矿物质2%、维生素2%配制而成。 The Mann-style needle-free squid feeding method is characterized in that the base material is prepared from 62% of domestic fish meal, 19% of a-starch, 13% of soybean cake, 2% of peanut cake, 2% of minerals, and 2% of vitamins. made.
所述的曼式无针乌贼喂养方法，其特征在于所述的卤虫幼体、维生素、糠虾、矿物质的重量百分比为45:5:45:5。 The Mann-style needle-free squid feeding method is characterized in that the weight percentage of Artemia larvae, vitamins, mysis and minerals is 45:5:45:5.
所述的曼式无针乌贼喂养方法，其特征在于所述的矿物质包括以下组份：MgSO4·7H2O，FeSO4·7H2O，MnSO4·H2O，ZnSO4·H2O，CoCl2·6H2O，Na2SeO3， CuSO4·5H2O，沸石粉， KI，其重量百分比为：80:5:5:3:3:2:1：0.95：0.05。 The Mann-style needleless squid feeding method is characterized in that the minerals include the following components: MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O, FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O, MnSO 4 ·H 2 O, ZnSO 4 ·H 2 O, CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O, Na 2 SeO 3 , CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O, zeolite powder, KI, the percentage by weight is: 80:5:5:3:3:2:1:0.95:0.05.
所述的曼式无针乌贼喂养方法，其特征在于所述的基础料、白鱼粉、微晶纤维素、糊精、生物提取油、卤虫幼体、糠虾和黄酮的重量百分比为66:8:15:2：2：3：3:1。 The Mann-style needleless squid feeding method is characterized in that the weight percentage of the base material, white fish meal, microcrystalline cellulose, dextrin, biological extraction oil, Artemia larvae, mysis and flavonoids is 66:8 :15:2:2:3:3:1.
本发明能满足网箱中养殖的曼氏无针乌贼的合理的营养需求，又具有较好的摄食效果，并且不会造成水体中的饲料过量累积，使曼氏无针乌贼既能较快地生长，又不会造成水体的污染，从而曼氏无针乌贼的成活率较高，达到43%以上。本发明粗蛋白质的重量含量既能满足曼氏无针乌贼生长所需的蛋白质，又不会摄食过量使蛋白质累积导致其生理变化；粗脂肪的重量含量能满足曼氏无针乌贼的生长所需的脂肪酸，又能满足其运动所需的能量，从而降低了体内蛋白质的分解，提高了生长速度，即适量的脂肪可以起到节约蛋白质的作用，若过多则会抑制其他营养成分的吸收，造成浪费甚至对机体不利；因此本发明是一种具有成活率较高和生长较好的曼氏无针乌贼喂养方法。 The invention can meet the reasonable nutritional requirements of the squid cultured in the net cage, and has a better feeding effect, and will not cause excessive accumulation of feed in the water body, so that the squid can be quickly grown It can grow without polluting the water body, so the survival rate of the squid is relatively high, reaching more than 43%. The weight content of the crude protein of the present invention can not only satisfy the protein required for the growth of the squid without needles, but also prevent the physiological changes caused by the accumulation of protein caused by excessive food intake; the weight content of the crude fat can meet the growth needs of the squid without needles Fatty acids can meet the energy needed for exercise, thereby reducing the decomposition of protein in the body and increasing the growth rate, that is, an appropriate amount of fat can save protein, and if too much, it will inhibit the absorption of other nutrients. It causes waste and is even unfavorable to the body; therefore, the present invention is a method for feeding the needleless cuttlefish with higher survival rate and better growth.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
以下结合实施例来进一步说明本发明。 The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
曼式无针乌贼喂养方法，包括亲本暂养喂养和幼苗培育喂养， Mann-style needle-free squid feeding method, including parental temporary feeding and seedling cultivation feeding,
1）亲本暂养喂养 1) Temporary feeding by parents
将配组好的曼式无针乌贼暂养在室内水泥池中，控制水泥池水温为20～25℃，海水盐度25～30，光周期L：D为4:20，同时对曼式无针乌贼进行5～8m/min的流水刺激10～15分钟，暂养期间每1小时按卤虫幼体、维生素、糠虾、矿物质投喂量为亲本重量的0.15～0.25倍，卤虫幼体、维生素、糠虾、矿物质的重量百分比45:5:45:5；矿物质包括以下组份：MgSO4·7H2O，FeSO4·7H2O，MnSO4·H2O，ZnSO4·H2O，CoCl2·6H2O，Na2SeO3， CuSO4·5H2O，沸石粉， KI，其重量百分比为：80:5:5:3:3:2:1：0.95：0.05； Temporarily raise the assembled Mann-style needleless squid in an indoor cement pool. Squid was stimulated by running water at 5-8m/min for 10-15 minutes. During the holding period, the amount of Artemia larvae, vitamins, mysis, and minerals was fed 0.15-0.25 times the weight of the parent every 1 hour. Artemia larvae, The weight percentage of vitamins, mysis and minerals is 45:5:45:5; minerals include the following components: MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O, FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O, MnSO 4 ·H 2 O, ZnSO 4 ·H 2 O, CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O, Na 2 SeO 3 , CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O, zeolite powder, KI, the weight percentage is: 80:5:5:3:3:2:1:0.95:0.05;
2）幼苗培育喂养 2) Seedling cultivation and feeding
幼苗孵化出膜后24小时内开始投喂饲料，每日所喂的饲料由基础料、白鱼粉、微晶纤维素、糊精、生物提取油、卤虫幼体、糠虾和黄酮为原料，基础料为国产鱼粉62%、a -淀粉19%、大豆饼13%、花生饼2%、矿物质2%、维生素2%配制而成，基础料、白鱼粉、微晶纤维素、糊精、生物提取油、卤虫幼体、糠虾和黄酮的重量百分比为66:8:15:2：2：3：3:1，经与水混合，配制成每日的饲料粉料；把配制的饲料粉料制备成泥状饲料，其中含水率为10-20%，保湿备用；把泥状饲料每日平均分5次均匀投喂至养殖曼氏无针乌贼的网箱中，饲料每日投喂重量为网箱中曼氏无针乌贼总重量的13-15%。 Feeds are fed within 24 hours after the seedlings hatch out of the film. The daily feed consists of basic materials, white fish meal, microcrystalline cellulose, dextrin, biologically extracted oil, artemia larvae, mysis shrimp and flavonoids. The material is made of 62% domestic fish meal, 19% a-starch, 13% soybean cake, 2% peanut cake, 2% minerals, and 2% vitamins. The base material, white fish meal, microcrystalline cellulose, dextrin, biological The percentage by weight of the extracted oil, Artemia larvae, mysis and flavonoids is 66:8:15:2:2:3:3:1, which is mixed with water to prepare daily feed powder; the prepared feed powder The raw material is prepared into a muddy feed, wherein the water content is 10-20%, and it is used for moisturizing; the muddy feed is evenly fed to the net cage of the cultured squid 5 times a day on average, and the weight of the feed is fed every day. It is 13-15% of the total weight of squid mansoni in the cage.
本发明能满足曼氏无针乌贼的合理的营养需求，又具有较好的摄食效果，并且不会造成水体中的饲料过量累积，使曼氏无针乌贼既能较快地生长，又不会造成水体的污染，从而曼氏无针乌贼的成活率较高，经多次试验，成活率达到43%以上。 The invention can meet the reasonable nutritional requirements of the squid and has good feeding effect, and will not cause excessive accumulation of feed in the water body, so that the squid can grow quickly without Cause the pollution of water body, thus the survival rate of Mansoni squid is relatively high, through many tests, the survival rate reaches more than 43%.
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| CN103947831B (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-06-10 | 通威股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly nutritional type sepiella maindroni mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104472406B (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-07-18 | 宁波大学 | Cement pit cultural method in a kind of tiger spot cuttlefish room |
| CN105994016B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2020-01-14 | 江苏省海洋资源开发研究院(连云港) | Method for harvesting and temporarily culturing sepia esculenta in cuttlefish and shrimp polyculture pond |
| CN106900600B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2020-11-13 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of intensified cultivation method to improve the fecundity of Mansfield squid |
| CN109221639B (en) * | 2018-09-22 | 2021-12-24 | 连云港侨海渔业科技有限公司 | Combined feeding method of bait for domesticating cuttlefish fries |
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| CN101317552A (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2008-12-10 | 浙江海洋学院 | The method of factory culture of Mansoni squid with two crops a year |
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