CN102926207B - Conductive fabric prepared by dip dyeing technology and preparation method and application of conductive fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a conductive fabric prepared by dip-dyeing technology and its preparation method and application. In terms of mass percentage, the content of conductive particles is 0.1-20%, and the content of polymer fibers is 80-99.9%. The preparation method includes: (1 ) soak the fabric in lye first, take it out and wash it until neutral; (2) immerse the above fabric in the pretreatment solution, take it out and dry it; (3) then immerse the above fabric in the dyeing aid solution; (4) Finally, the fabric is transferred to the water dispersion of conductive particles, and the conductive particles are adsorbed onto the fabric under the action of ultrasound, and then taken out and dried to obtain a conductive fabric. The preparation process of the present invention is relatively green and environmentally friendly, and the process is simple; It can be used as antistatic fibers and fabrics, metal and organic pollutant adsorption materials, gas and liquid and biosensing materials, energy storage electrode materials, etc.

Description

A conductive fabric prepared by dip-dyeing technology and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of conductive fabric and its preparation method and application, and in particular relates to a conductive fabric prepared by dip-dyeing technology, its preparation method and application.

Background technique

As a novel fabric material, conductive fabric not only retains the flexibility and weavability of traditional fabrics, but also endows the material with electrical properties and functionality. It has great application potential in the fields of sensors, energy storage, adsorption and catalysis. With the continuous deepening of research, the application fields of conductive fabrics have also been continuously expanded, and they are widely used in the fields of electronics, instruments, communications, aerospace, medical care, motion detection and military. But the market price of conductive fiber and fabric is very high at present, and processing cost is also higher, and technology is also more complicated, and this has limited the production and popularization of conductive fiber and fabric to a certain extent, and has permanent conductive fiber and fabric and has comparatively high performance. High added value, its economic benefits are very significant.

The preparation of conductive fabrics usually uses post-processing methods to process conventional fabrics, covering the surface with a thin conductive layer. Common methods include physical vapor deposition (CN 1187471C), electroplating and chemical plating technology (CN 100570047C), in-situ chemical Polymerization (CN 102337679A), padding treatment (CN 101403189B, CN 101613943B) and wet dipping treatment (CN 1021924C, CN 101215779, CN 101845753A), etc. For example, Di Jianfeng and others used chemical fiber fabrics as the base material and polyaniline as the conductive material to prepare conductive fabrics with good conductivity by using in-situ polymerization (also known as "on-site" adsorption polymerization). In the process of impregnating the base fabric with aniline, supplemented by ultrasonic impregnation, it has a good surface modification effect on the base fabric, which is more conducive to the deposition of conductive materials on the fiber surface of the base fabric during the polymerization reaction and penetrates into the base fabric. Inside the fiber, the conductivity and conductivity stability are improved (CN 102337679A). Li Rong and others treated the fabric with sodium polystyrene sulfonate, dipped and rolled twice, and then immersed in a mixture of aniline and ammonium persulfate to produce conductive fabrics (CN101403189B, CN 101613943B). Xu Wenzhi and others treated the fabric with a conductive treatment solution under a certain temperature and pressure, so that the fabric contained a certain amount of cuprous sulfide, so that it had electrical conductivity (CN 1021924C). Chen Baosheng and others soaked the fiber with stannous chloride or cadmium chloride solution to make the surface of the fiber adsorb a layer of tin ions or cadmium ions, and then use the electroless plating method to plate silver on the surface of the fiber to obtain conductive fibers (CN 100570047C). Chen Baosheng and others soaked the fiber with stannous chloride or cadmium chloride solution to form a metal catalyst layer on the surface of the fiber, and then performed electroless silver plating to obtain a conductive fabric (CN 101215779). Hou Yi and others put polyester pure fabric or polyester-cotton blended fabric into conductive polymer particle dispersion solution, carried out wet dip-dyeing treatment, reduction cleaning, rinsing, drying and setting, and obtained antistatic/conductive fabric (CN 101845753A) . Carbon-based nanomaterials (such as nanometer-sized graphite powder and carbon nanotubes) can also be used as conductive particles for the preparation of conductive fabrics due to their high electrical conductivity and low cost. Wang Yimin and others evenly spread the non-weft cloth of polyethylene fiber on the winding machine, mixed carbon nanotubes and adhesives and dried them to obtain conductive fibers (CN101016678). Zou Lihua et al. used padding technology and carbon nanotube dispersion to achieve superhydrophobic and conductive finishing of cellulose fabrics (CN 102605608A). However, the conductive components of carbon-based conductive fabrics prepared by these technologies are easy to fall off, are not resistant to washing, and have poor conductive durability.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a conductive fabric prepared by dip-dyeing technology and its preparation method and application. The prepared conductive fabric has high conductivity, conductive components are not easy to fall off, long-lasting conductive performance, soft hand feeling and can be cut. Advantages, it can be used as antistatic (electromagnetic shielding) fibers and fabrics, metal and organic pollutant adsorption materials, gas and liquid and biosensing materials, energy storage electrode materials, etc.; the preparation process of this method does not require organic solvents, which is green and environmentally friendly. It is simple, low in cost, and can be produced in a large scale.

A conductive fabric prepared by dip-dyeing technology of the present invention has a conductive particle content of 0.1-20% and a polymer fiber content of 80-99.9% in terms of mass percentage;

The polymer fibers include fabrics such as polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polypropylene fibers, and polyvinyl chloride fibers.

The conductive particles are carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphite oxide or nano-sized graphite powder.

A kind of preparation method of the conductive fabric prepared by dip-dyeing technology of the present invention comprises:

(1) Soak the fabric in lye for 30-90 minutes, take it out and wash it until neutral;

(2) Immerse the above fabric in the pretreatment solution for 10-90s, take it out and dry it;

(3) Then immerse the above fabric in the dyeing aid solution;

(4) Finally, transfer the fabric to the aqueous dispersion of conductive particles for soaking, absorb the conductive particles to the fabric under the action of ultrasound, take it out and dry it to obtain a conductive fabric.

The pretreatment liquid in the step (2) is polyurethane solution, wherein the concentration of polyurethane is 0.1-3%.

The preprocessing time in the step (2) is 10-90s.

The dyeing assistant in the step (3) is an aqueous solution of aniline or pyrrole, wherein the concentration of aniline or pyrrole is 1-20 g/L.

The soaking time of the fabric in the step (3) in the dyeing assistant is 5-30 minutes.

The concentration of the conductive particles in the aqueous dispersion in the step (4) is 0.1-50 g/L.

The soaking time of the fabric in the step (4) in the aqueous dispersion of conductive particles is 1-30 minutes.

The application of a conductive fabric prepared by dip-dyeing technology of the present invention includes: antistatic (electromagnetic shielding) fibers and fabrics, energy storage electrode materials, metal and organic pollutant adsorption materials, gas and liquid and biosensing materials wait.

The invention adopts the dip-dyeing technology, introduces a bonding transition layer between the carbon-based conductive layer and the fabric, and coats the conventional fabric with polyurethane and uses aniline or pyrrole as a dyeing aid, so that the conductive particles are more easily bonded to the fabric, and the prepared Conductive fabric. While ensuring the softness and tailorability of the fabric, the structure of the conductive layer is stable and high conductivity is achieved. In addition, there is no need for surfactants or conductive particles to be dispersed in organic solvents, and the conductive particles are adsorbed in the water phase. The preparation process is relatively green and environment-friendly, the process is simple, the cost is low, and large-scale production can be realized.

Beneficial effect

(1) The preparation process of the present invention is relatively green and environmentally friendly, the process is simple, the cost is low, and large-scale production can be realized;

(2) The conductive fabric prepared by the present invention has the advantages of high conductivity, conductive components are not easy to fall off, long-lasting conductive performance, soft hand feeling and can be cut. It can be used as antistatic (electromagnetic shielding) fibers and fabrics, energy storage electrode materials, Adsorption materials for metals and organic pollutants, gas and liquid and biosensing materials, etc.

Description of drawings

Photo of conductive fabric prepared by composite graphene and polyester fabric in Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of graphene composited on the surface of polyester fabric;

Fig. 3 Energy storage electrochemical behavior of graphene/cellulose conductive fabric;

Fig. 4 Gas sensing curve of graphene/polyurethane conductive fabric.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further set forth below in conjunction with embodiment. These examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, after reading the content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Example 1

Soak 0.1g of polyester fabric in lye for 30 minutes, take it out and wash it until neutral; then immerse it in a polyurethane solution with a mass fraction of 0.1%, soak it for 10s, take it out and dry it; then immerse the fabric in 100ml of 1g/L aniline aqueous solution , treated for 5 minutes; finally, the fabric was transferred to 0.1g/L graphene aqueous dispersion and soaked for 5 minutes, and the conductive particles were adsorbed to the fabric under the action of ultrasound, and then taken out and dried to obtain a conductive fabric (see Figure 1 and Figure 2) . Graphene accounts for 3.5% by mass of the conductive fabric, and the electrical conductivity of the fabric is 3.6×10 ² Ω ^-1 ·cm ^-1 .

Example 2

Soak 0.1g of polyester fabric in lye for 60 minutes, take it out and wash it until neutral; then immerse it in a polyurethane solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%, soak it for 30s, take it out and dry it; then immerse the fabric in 100ml of 10g/L aniline aqueous solution , and treated for 30 minutes; finally, the fabric was transferred to a 25 g/L carbon nanotube aqueous dispersion, and the conductive particles were adsorbed onto the fabric under the action of ultrasound, taken out and dried to obtain a conductive fabric. The mass percentage of carbon nanotubes in the conductive fabric was 7.8%, and the electrical conductivity of the fabric was 7.9×10 ² Ω ^-1 ·cm ^-1 .

Example 3

Soak 0.1g of polyester fabric in lye for 90 minutes, pick it up and wash it until neutral; then soak it in a polyurethane solution with a mass fraction of 2%, soak it for 90s, pick it up and dry it; then soak the fabric in 100ml of 20g/L Treat in pyrrole aqueous solution for 20 minutes; finally transfer the fabric to 5g/L graphene aqueous dispersion and soak for 20 minutes, absorb conductive particles to the fabric under the action of ultrasound, pick up and dry to obtain conductive fabric. Graphene accounts for 6.9% by mass of the conductive fabric, and the electrical conductivity of the fabric is 7.2×10 ² Ω ^-1 ·cm ^-1 .

Example 4

Soak 0.1g of polyester fabric in alkaline solution for 30min, pick up and wash until neutral; then soak in 3% polyurethane solution, soak for 30s, pick up and dry; then soak the fabric in 100ml of 5g/L Treat in pyrrole aqueous solution for 30 minutes; finally transfer the fabric to 10 g/L carbon nanotube aqueous dispersion and soak for 30 minutes, absorb conductive particles to the fabric under the action of ultrasound, pick up and dry to obtain conductive fabric. The mass percentage of carbon nanotubes in the conductive fabric is 6.4%, and the electrical conductivity of the fabric is 6.8×10 ² Ω ^-1 ·cm ^-1 .

Example 5

Soak 0.1g of cellulose fabric in alkaline solution for 30min, pick up and wash until neutral; then soak in 0.5% polyurethane solution, soak for 30s, pick up and dry; then soak the fabric in 100ml 5g/L aniline The aqueous solution is treated for 30 minutes; finally, the fabric is transferred to an aqueous dispersion of 0.1 g/L graphene, and the conductive particles are adsorbed onto the fabric under the action of ultrasound, picked up and dried to obtain a conductive fabric. Graphene accounts for 5.3% by mass of the conductive fabric, and the electrical conductivity of the fabric is 5.6×10 ² Ω ^-1 ·cm ^-1 . A three-electrode system was composed of conductive fabric as the working electrode, Pt electrode as the counter electrode, and Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode, and 0.5M Na ₂ SO ₄ electrolyte was added. At a scan rate of 20mV/s, the measured specific capacitance value is about 102.5F/g (see Figure 3); after 1000 cycles, the attenuation of the specific capacitance value does not exceed 20%.

Example 6

Soak 0.1g of polyamide fabric in 2M lye for 30min, pick up and wash until neutral; then soak in 0.5% polyurethane solution, soak for 30s, pick up and dry; then soak the fabric in 100ml 5g/ Treat in L aniline aqueous solution for 30 minutes; finally transfer the fabric to a 0.1 g/L graphene aqueous dispersion, absorb conductive particles to the fabric under the action of ultrasound, pick up and dry to obtain a conductive fabric. Graphene accounts for 5.1% by mass of the conductive fabric, and the electrical conductivity of the fabric is 5.1×10 ² Ω ^-1 ·cm ^-1 . This conductive fiber can be used for gas sensing, and its response time is on the order of seconds for chloroform gas (see Figure 4).

Claims (5)

1. A preparation method of a conductive fabric prepared by dip-dyeing technology, comprising: (1) Soak the fabric in lye for 30-90 minutes, take it out and wash it until neutral; (2) Immerse the above fabric in the pretreatment solution for 10-90s, take it out and dry it; the pretreatment solution is polyurethane solution; (3) Then immerse the above-mentioned fabric in the dyeing aid solution; wherein the dyeing aid is an aqueous solution of aniline or pyrrole; (4) Finally, the fabric is transferred to the water dispersion of conductive particles for infiltration, and the conductive particles are adsorbed to the fabric under the action of ultrasound, taken out and dried to obtain a conductive fabric; the conductive fabric, by mass percentage, has a conductive particle content of 0.1 ～20%, polymer fiber content is 80～99.9%; polymer fiber includes polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polypropylene fiber or polyvinyl chloride fiber; conductive particles are carbon nanotubes, graphene , graphite oxide or nano-sized graphite powder. 2. A method for preparing conductive fabric prepared by dip-dyeing technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: the mass percentage concentration of the polyurethane solution in the step (2) is 0.1-3%. 3. A method for preparing conductive fabric prepared by dip-dyeing technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step (3), the concentration of the aqueous solution of aniline or pyrrole is 1-20 g/L. 4 . The method for preparing conductive fabric prepared by dip-dyeing technology according to claim 4 , characterized in that: the soaking time of the fabric in the dyeing assistant in the step (3) is 5-30 minutes. 5. A method for preparing conductive fabrics prepared by dip-dyeing technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: the concentration of conductive particles in the aqueous dispersion in the step (4) is 0.1 to 50 g/L; The soaking time of the fabric in the step (4) in the aqueous dispersion of conductive particles is 1-30 minutes.

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