CN102914555B - Unisource X-ray transmission and compton scattering security check device in L-shaped structure - Google Patents
Unisource X-ray transmission and compton scattering security check device in L-shaped structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
L形结构的单源X射线透射与康普顿散射安检装置。透射测量与康普顿散射测量共用一台X射线源。测量控制共用一台工控机。在康普顿散射探测器与L形透射探测器之间设置较厚的辐射屏蔽层。由X射线源与L形结构透射探测器阵列构成透射测量及成像的几何学结构；由扇形透射光子束在经过被测物而射出的经后准直器的背散射平行光子束与康普顿背散射探测器阵列构成背散射测量及成像的几何学结构；由扇形透射光子束在经过被测物而射出的经后准直器的前散射平行光子束与康普顿前散射探测器阵列构成前散射测量及成像的几何学结构。本装置价格更便宜、检测速度更快、灵敏度更高，能同时检测出金属武器、炸药、毒品等不同类型的违禁品，适用于重要的大型安检场所。
Single-source X-ray transmission and Compton scattering security inspection device with L-shaped structure. Transmission measurements share a single X-ray source with Compton scattering measurements. Measurement and control share an industrial computer. A thicker radiation shielding layer is set between the Compton scattering detector and the L-shaped transmission detector. The geometric structure of transmission measurement and imaging is composed of an X-ray source and an L-shaped structure transmission detector array; the backscattered parallel photon beam of the backscattered photon beam of the back collimator emitted by the fan-shaped transmission photon beam passing through the measured object and the Compton The backscatter detector array constitutes the geometric structure of backscatter measurement and imaging; it is composed of the fan-shaped transmitted photon beam passing through the measured object and the front-scattered parallel photon beam of the rear collimator and the Compton front-scatter detector array Geometry for forward scatter measurement and imaging. The device is cheaper, has faster detection speed and higher sensitivity, and can simultaneously detect different types of contraband such as metal weapons, explosives, drugs, etc., and is suitable for important large-scale security inspection places.
Description
一、技术领域 1. Technical field
本发明专利涉及一种X射线安检系统，具体是一种在行李安检机上使用的L形结构的单源X射线透射与康普顿散射安检装置及其检测方法。 The patent of the present invention relates to an X-ray security inspection system, specifically an L-shaped structure single-source X-ray transmission and Compton scattering security inspection device used on a luggage security inspection machine and a detection method thereof.
二、背景技术 2. Background technology
1. X射线透射方法： 1. X-ray transmission method:
国内外普遍采用这种方法，由于物质对X射线的吸收作用, 当X射线穿过被检物后会有一部分能量被吸收，不同种类的材料对X射线的吸收能力不同，穿过不同材料的X射线束到达探测器时的能量也是不同的。经过处理，探测器接收的能量大小以灰度级图像显示，这种方法只能检查出金属武器、刀具等，具有较大的局限性 This method is generally used at home and abroad. Due to the absorption of X-rays by substances, a part of the energy will be absorbed when X-rays pass through the object to be inspected. Different types of materials have different absorption capabilities for X-rays. The energy of the X-ray beam when it reaches the detector is also different. After processing, the amount of energy received by the detector is displayed in grayscale images. This method can only detect metal weapons, knives, etc., which has great limitations.
2. 双能X射线透射方法： 2. Dual-energy X-ray transmission method:
近年来国内外采用双能X射线透射方法，双能X射线检测法识别材料的精度用分辨有效原子序数的精度来衡量。用于机场、海关、铁路等重要部门的安全检查设备大都是双能量、线扫描、透射型X射线检查设备，该类设备能同时得到被检物的低能和高能信息，并根据这两种信息计算出被检物品组成物质的有效原子序数Zeff信息，从而实现对被检物品的分类和识别，可以将无机物从有机物中分离出来，如将行李中常见的玻璃等无机物分离出。但对 Zeff值接近的塑料、织物、爆炸物和毒品无法分辨，用背散射来解决。 In recent years, the dual-energy X-ray transmission method has been adopted at home and abroad, and the accuracy of identifying materials by the dual-energy X-ray detection method is measured by the accuracy of distinguishing the effective atomic number. Most of the security inspection equipment used in important departments such as airports, customs, and railways are dual-energy, line-scanning, and transmission-type X-ray inspection equipment. Calculate the effective atomic number Z eff information of the constituent substances of the inspected items, so as to realize the classification and identification of the inspected items, and can separate inorganic substances from organic substances, such as separating inorganic substances such as glass commonly found in luggage. However, plastics, fabrics, explosives, and drugs with close Z eff values cannot be distinguished, and backscattering is used to solve the problem.
3. X射线背散射方法： X射线与物质相互作用会发生透射、吸收和散射三种情况, 国内外的X 射线背散射(CBS) 方法就是用斩波轮和飞点扫描技术，在与透射光子方向成≧900方向用背散射探测器阵列测量由被测物品上射出的背散射光子。背散射信号与被测物品的有效原子序数Zeff有关，用背散射图像灰度显示可以将有机物、爆炸物、毒品等进行分辨。而这种X 射线背散射安检装置检测效果还有不足，最严重的事故是：在美国亚特兰大奥运会期间用这种背散射安检装置没有检查出炸药而造成现场爆炸。美国近来研制和生产出背散射人体检查设备，仅2010年美国的78座机场就要安装450台，其结构复杂，检测速度较慢，价格昂贵，难于在发展中国家推广应用。 3. X-ray backscattering method: The interaction between X-rays and matter will have three situations: transmission, absorption and scattering. The X-ray backscattering (CBS) method at home and abroad is to use chopper wheel and flying point scanning technology to combine with transmission The direction of the photon is ≧90 0 , and the backscattered photons emitted from the object under test are measured by the backscatter detector array. The backscattering signal is related to the effective atomic number Z eff of the measured item, and the grayscale display of the backscattering image can distinguish organic matter, explosives, drugs, etc. However, the detection effect of this X-ray backscatter security inspection device is still insufficient, and the most serious accident is: during the Atlanta Olympic Games in the United States, explosives were not detected by this backscatter security inspection device, resulting in an on-site explosion. The United States has recently developed and produced backscatter human body inspection equipment. In 2010 alone, 78 airports in the United States will install 450 of them. The structure is complex, the detection speed is slow, and the price is expensive. It is difficult to popularize and apply in developing countries.
4. X 射线的计算机断层扫描成像(CT)方法：该方法适用大型行李包裹，美国通用智能科技公司生产的CTX9000行李检查系统、美国L-3CSDS公司生产3DX爆炸物探测系统，其结构复杂。价格十分昂贵，更难于在发展中国家推广应用。 4. X-ray computed tomography (CT) method: This method is suitable for large luggage packages. The CTX9000 luggage inspection system produced by General Intelligent Technology Company of the United States and the 3DX explosives detection system produced by L-3CSDS Company of the United States have complex structures. The price is very expensive, and it is more difficult to popularize and apply it in developing countries.
5. X 射线透射与康普顿散射（TR-CBS）相结合的检测方法： 5. Detection method combining X-ray transmission and Compton scattering (TR-CBS):
四川大学与有关单位合作在国内首先研制成γ射线透射与背散射相结合台式安检机，由于γ放射源的辐射安全防护和保管问题，社会公众对这种安检机的认同度差，使其难于推广应用。 Sichuan University cooperated with relevant units to develop a desktop security inspection machine combining γ-ray transmission and backscattering for the first time in China. Due to the radiation safety protection and storage problems of γ-radiation sources, the public’s poor recognition of this security inspection machine makes it difficult to use. Promote apps.
三、发明内容 3. Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是针对上述现有技术的不足，提供一种能够同时全面、广泛检测行李中金属刀具、武器和毒品、炸药违禁品的单源X射线透射与康普顿散射安检装置。这种安检装置更适合中国国情、更易于在发展中国家推广应用、检测速度更快、检测效果更好、价格更加便宜。 The object of the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a single-source X-ray transmission and Compton scattering security inspection device capable of comprehensively and extensively detecting metal knives, weapons, drugs, and explosives in luggage at the same time. This kind of security inspection device is more suitable for China's national conditions, easier to promote and apply in developing countries, faster detection speed, better detection effect, and cheaper price.
本发明的目的是这样达到的：一种L形结构的单源X射线透射与康普顿散射安检装置，安装在行李安检机上。行李安检机包括机架、底座、左右侧壁、顶盖板、安检通道、传送带机。其特征在于：采用非对称宽扇形角的X射线源和L形透射探测器阵列，透射测量与康普顿前散射、背散射测量共用一台X射线源，，全部测量与控制共用一台工控机。在康普顿背散射探测器阵列、康普顿前散射探测器阵列与L形透射探测器阵列之间设置较厚的辐射屏蔽层。工控机安装在装置底座的一侧后方。 The object of the present invention is achieved in this way: a single-source X-ray transmission and Compton scattering security inspection device with an L-shaped structure is installed on a luggage security inspection machine. The baggage security inspection machine includes a frame, a base, left and right side walls, a top cover, a security inspection channel, and a conveyor belt machine. It is characterized in that: an X-ray source with an asymmetrical wide fan angle and an L-shaped transmission detector array are used, and one X-ray source is used for transmission measurement, Compton forward scattering and back scattering measurement, and one industrial control unit is used for all measurement and control. machine. A thicker radiation shielding layer is arranged between the Compton backscatter detector array, the Compton forward scatter detector array and the L-shaped transmission detector array. The industrial computer is installed behind one side of the device base.
非对称宽扇形角的X射线源及其扇形前准直器安装在安检通道外一侧的中间并高于传送带，L形透射探测器阵列及其后准直器安装在安检通道的正上方和通道的左右两侧上端，L形透射探测器阵列与X射线源经过前准直器的非对称扇形透射光子束构成透射测量及成像的几何学结构。康普顿背散射探测器阵列安装在通道传送带的下面，康普顿背散射探测器阵列与被测物品上射出的康普顿背散射平行光子束构成康普顿背散射测量及成像的几何学结构。与康普顿背散射探测器阵列上下平行的康普顿前散射探测器阵列安装在安检通道的正上方，康普顿前散射探测器阵列与被测物品上射出的康普顿前散射平行光子束构成康普顿前散射测量及成像的几何学结构。 The X-ray source with asymmetric wide fan-shaped angle and its fan-shaped front collimator are installed in the middle of the outer side of the security inspection channel and higher than the conveyor belt, and the L-shaped transmission detector array and its rear collimator are installed directly above the security inspection channel and At the upper ends of the left and right sides of the channel, the L-shaped transmission detector array and the asymmetric fan-shaped transmission photon beams of the X-ray source passing through the front collimator form a geometric structure for transmission measurement and imaging. The Compton backscatter detector array is installed under the channel conveyor belt. The Compton backscatter detector array and the Compton backscatter parallel photon beam emitted from the measured object constitute the geometry of Compton backscatter measurement and imaging. structure. The Compton front-scatter detector array parallel to the Compton back-scatter detector array is installed directly above the security inspection channel. The Compton front-scatter detector array is parallel to the Compton front-scatter photons emitted from the object The beam constitutes the geometry for Compton forward scattering measurements and imaging.
工控机安装在装置底座的左侧后方。 The industrial computer is installed behind the left side of the device base.
L形透射探测器阵列的高度和宽度、康普顿背散射与前散射探测器阵列的长度根据实际需要变化而不同。 The height and width of the L-shaped transmission detector array, and the lengths of the Compton backscatter and front-scatter detector arrays vary according to actual needs.
X射线源采用体积小、稳定性高、扇形角宽的200W X射线机。 The X-ray source adopts a 200W X-ray machine with small size, high stability and wide fan angle.
康普顿背散射探测器阵列和康普顿前散射探测器阵列是采用硅光电二极管和碘化铯闪烁晶体制成的，具有国际标准接口；L形透射探测器阵列是采用硅光电二极管和碘化铯闪烁晶体制成的探测器组件，具有国际标准接口。 Compton backscatter detector array and Compton forward scatter detector array are made of silicon photodiode and cesium iodide scintillation crystal, with international standard interface; L-shaped transmission detector array is made of silicon photodiode and iodine The detector assembly made of cesium chloride scintillation crystal has international standard interface.
康普顿散射测量数据采传系统是由16路低噪声前置放大器、主放大器、多路模拟信号采集模块、模数变换器、可编程数据处理电路组成，设置USB接口输出；透射测量采用64路数据采传系统，设置USB接口输出。 The Compton scattering measurement data acquisition and transmission system is composed of 16 low-noise preamplifiers, main amplifiers, multi-channel analog signal acquisition modules, analog-to-digital converters, and programmable data processing circuits. The USB interface output is set; the transmission measurement uses 64 Road data acquisition and transmission system, set the USB interface output.
本发明的优点是： The advantages of the present invention are:
1．L形结构的单源安检装置充分利用X射线透射（TR – Transmission Scanning）和康普顿散射（CS – Compton Scatter Scanning)的特点，利用X射线透射（TR）扫描技术获得行李包裹中各种物品的形状大小、密度厚度信息，显示为不同等级的灰度，由此测得清晰的透射图像而检测出金属武器、刀具等违禁品；进一步利用X射线康普顿背散射(CBS – Compton Backscatter Scanning) 与前散射（CFS – Compton Fontscatter Scanning)扫描技术获得行李包裹中各种物品的密度、有效原子系数信息，经过康普顿背散射数据处理和成像，由此测出炸药、毒品、汽油等违禁品，实现了采用一台X射线机同时实现全面安检的目的。 1. The single-source security inspection device with L-shaped structure makes full use of the characteristics of X-ray transmission (TR – Transmission Scanning) and Compton scattering (CS – Compton Scatter Scanning), and uses X-ray transmission (TR) scanning technology to obtain various items in the luggage package The shape, size, density and thickness information of the X-ray is displayed as different levels of grayscale, and the clear transmission image can be measured to detect contraband such as metal weapons and knives; further use X-ray Compton Backscatter (CBS – Compton Backscatter Scanning ) and forward scattering (CFS – Compton Fontscatter Scanning) scanning technology to obtain the density and effective atomic coefficient information of various items in the luggage package, and after Compton backscattering data processing and imaging, it can detect explosives, drugs, gasoline, etc. products, achieving the purpose of using an X-ray machine to simultaneously achieve comprehensive security checks.
2．L形结构的单源安检装置全部测量与控制共用1台工控机。在康普顿背散射探测器、康普顿前散射探测器与X射线透射探测器之间设置较厚的辐射屏蔽层，屏蔽透射光子对康普顿光子测量的干扰和影响，使其透射测量与康普顿前散射、背散射测量共用1台X射线源。这种装置结构更简单、体积更小、控制通讯系统更简化、检测速度更快、灵敏度更高、操作运行更便捷。 2. The single-source security inspection device with L-shaped structure shares one industrial computer for all measurement and control. A thicker radiation shielding layer is set between the Compton backscatter detector, the Compton forward scatter detector and the X-ray transmission detector to shield the interference and influence of the transmitted photons on the Compton photon measurement, so that the transmission measurement It shares an X-ray source with Compton forward scattering and back scattering measurement. This device has simpler structure, smaller volume, simpler control and communication system, faster detection speed, higher sensitivity, and more convenient operation and operation.
3．L形结构的透射探测器阵列更便于测得被测物品垂直方向的高度、违禁品上下遮挡层及高原子序数干扰物的密度厚度信息，有利于剔除这些遮挡层和干扰物对违禁品检测结果的影响，提高检测的准确性；上下平行的康普顿散射探测器阵列更便于测得被测物品水平方向的形状大小及位置，有利于提高违禁品检测的可靠性和安检质量。同时，L形结构的透射探测器阵列高度和宽度、上下平行的康普顿散射探测器阵列的长度可根据大、中、小型安检装置的变化而变化，更适应各类检测场所的需要。 3. The L-shaped structure of the transmission detector array is more convenient to measure the vertical height of the tested item, the upper and lower shielding layers of the contraband, and the density and thickness information of the high atomic number interference, which is beneficial to eliminate these shielding layers and interferences to the detection results of the contraband. The impact of the detection can improve the accuracy of detection; the parallel Compton scattering detector array is more convenient to measure the shape, size and position of the horizontal direction of the tested object, which is conducive to improving the reliability of contraband detection and the quality of security inspection. At the same time, the height and width of the L-shaped transmission detector array and the length of the vertically parallel Compton scattering detector array can be changed according to the change of large, medium and small security inspection devices, which is more suitable for the needs of various detection places.
4.通过X射线透射检测获得行李包裹中各种物品的清晰图像，由被测物的密度厚度信息，显示为灰度图像，并根据被测物中不同材料属性、原子序数范围， 将图像着成蓝、绿、橙三种颜色，易于分辨其中隐藏的金属武器、刀具等违禁品；通过X射线康普顿前散射与背散射检测获得行李包裹中各种物品的密度、有效原子系数信息，用康普顿散射与透射测量相结合图像软件进行数据处理和成像，进一步将有效原子系数Zeff<10的低系数有效原子，其密度又比织物、塑料等日常用品大而显橙色的炸药、毒品等违禁品显示成红色、黄色，再根据水、饮料等食品与汽油、酒精等易燃品的密度、等效原子系数差异将其汽油等易燃品显示为粉红色；这样，通过被测物品的一次透射与康普顿散射扫描测量就能同时检测出其中隐藏的金属武器、刀具、炸药、毒品、汽油等违禁品，大幅度提高了安检质量。这种装置最适用于机场、大型会场、涉外会议等高等级、重点防范的公共安全场所。 4. Obtain clear images of various items in the luggage package through X-ray transmission detection, and display them as grayscale images based on the density and thickness information of the measured objects, and display the images according to the different material properties and atomic number ranges in the measured objects In three colors of blue, green and orange, it is easy to distinguish hidden metal weapons, knives and other contraband; through X-ray Compton forward scattering and back scattering detection, the density and effective atomic coefficient information of various items in the luggage package can be obtained, Combining Compton scattering and transmission measurement with image software for data processing and imaging, and further identifying low-coefficient effective atoms with an effective atomic coefficient Z eff <10, whose density is larger than that of daily necessities such as fabrics and plastics, and orange-colored explosives, Drugs and other contraband are displayed in red and yellow, and gasoline and other flammables are displayed in pink according to the density and equivalent atomic coefficient differences between food such as water and beverages and flammables such as gasoline and alcohol; A single transmission and Compton scattering scanning measurement of an item can simultaneously detect hidden metal weapons, knives, explosives, drugs, gasoline and other contraband, which greatly improves the quality of security inspection. This device is most suitable for airports, large conference venues, foreign-related conferences and other high-level public security places with key precautions.
5.本装置可根据实际需要配置不同大小的探测器阵列，使用更加方便可靠，且价格更便宜、更实惠，更适合中国国情和发展中国家需求。 5. The device can be configured with detector arrays of different sizes according to actual needs, which is more convenient and reliable to use, and the price is cheaper and more affordable, which is more suitable for China's national conditions and the needs of developing countries.
四、附图说明 4. Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2是使用本检测装置进行检测时的正视图，其中被检测物包括水等非违禁品及炸药、汽油等违禁品。 Fig. 2 is a front view when the detection device is used for detection, wherein the detected objects include non-contraband items such as water and prohibited items such as explosives and gasoline.
图3是图2的侧视图。 FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2 .
图4是L形结构的单源X射线安检装置康普顿散射探测采传系统组件图。 Fig. 4 is a component diagram of the Compton scattering detection collection and transmission system of the single-source X-ray security inspection device with L-shaped structure.
图5是L形结构的单源X射线透射与康普顿散射安检装置检测软件流程图。 Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the detection software of the L-shaped single-source X-ray transmission and Compton scattering security inspection device.
图中，1.工控机，2.装置底座，3.康普顿背散射探测器阵列，4.传动机支架，5.背散射探测后准直器，6.背散射探测器辐射屏蔽层，7.传送带，8.X射线源，9.非对称扇形透射光子束，10. 康普顿背散射平行光子束，11. L形透射探测器阵列，12.安检通道，13.透射探测后准直器，14. X射线源扇形前准直器，15.前散射探测后准直器，16. 康普顿前散射平行光子束，17.康普顿前散射探测器阵列，18.前散射探测器辐射屏蔽层，19.侧盖板，20.顶盖板，21.被测物，22.被测物中的炸药等违禁品，23.水、织物等非违禁品，24.汽油等易燃品。 In the figure, 1. Industrial computer, 2. Device base, 3. Compton backscatter detector array, 4. Conveyor support, 5. Backscatter detection rear collimator, 6. Backscatter detector radiation shielding layer, 7. Conveyor belt, 8. X-ray source, 9. Asymmetric fan-shaped transmitted photon beam, 10. Compton backscattered parallel photon beam, 11. L-shaped transmission detector array, 12. Security inspection channel, 13. Transmission detection rear alignment Collimator, 14. X-ray source fan-shaped front collimator, 15. Front scatter detector rear collimator, 16. Compton forward scattered parallel photon beam, 17. Compton forward scattered detector array, 18. Front scattered Detector radiation shielding layer, 19. Side cover, 20. Top cover, 21. Object under test, 22. Prohibited items such as explosives in the object under test, 23. Non-contraband items such as water and fabric, 24. Gasoline, etc. Flammable.
图中，康普顿背散射探测器阵列3、康普顿前散射探测器阵列17，透射探测器阵列11安装在DH控制板上，设有USB通用接口。 In the figure, the Compton backscatter detector array 3 , the Compton forward scatter detector array 17 , and the transmission detector array 11 are installed on the DH control board with a USB universal interface.
五、具体实施方式 5. Specific implementation
附图给出了本发明的实施例。 The drawings show embodiments of the invention.
在本实施例中，发明的L形结构的单源X 射线安检装置的结构参见附图1。 In this embodiment, the structure of the single-source X-ray security inspection device of the L-shaped structure of the invention is referred to accompanying drawing 1.
全部测量与控制共用1台工控机1，工控机安装在安检通道12下方、装置底座2的后侧。X射线源8作为透射测量与康普顿前散射、背散射测量的共用射线源。本例选用一台国产的体积较小、稳定性高、非对称宽扇形角的200W X射线机为共用1台射线源。X射线源8及其X射线源扇形前准直器14安装在安检通道外一侧的中间并高于传送带。 All measurement and control share one industrial computer 1 , and the industrial computer is installed under the security inspection channel 12 and behind the device base 2 . The X-ray source 8 is used as a shared ray source for transmission measurement and Compton forward scattering and back scattering measurement. In this example, a domestically produced 200W X-ray machine with small size, high stability, and asymmetric wide fan angle is used as a shared ray source. X-ray source 8 and its X-ray source fan-shaped front collimator 14 are installed in the middle of the outer side of the security inspection channel and are higher than the conveyor belt.
L形透射探测器阵列11及其后准直器13安装在安检通道12外的正上方和通道外的左右两侧上端，L形透射探测器阵列11与X射线源8经过扇形前准直器的非对称扇形透射光子束9构成透射测量及成像的几何学结构。 The L-shaped transmission detector array 11 and the rear collimator 13 are installed directly above the security inspection channel 12 and on the upper ends of the left and right sides outside the channel. The L-shaped transmission detector array 11 and the X-ray source 8 pass through the fan-shaped front collimator. The asymmetric fan-shaped transmitted photon beam 9 constitutes a geometric structure for transmission measurement and imaging.
康普顿背散射探测器阵列3与康普顿前散射探测器阵列17上下平行。康普顿背散射探测器阵列3及其后准直器5安装在通道传送带的下面，康普顿背散射探测器阵列3与被测物品上射出的康普顿背散射平行光子束10构成康普顿背散射测量及成像的几何学结构。康普顿前散射探测器阵列17及其后准直器15安装在安检通道外的正上方，康普顿前散射探测器阵列17与被测物品上射出的康普顿前散射平行光子束16构成康普顿前散射测量及成像的几何学结构。 The Compton backscatter detector array 3 is parallel to the Compton front scatter detector array 17 up and down. The Compton backscatter detector array 3 and the rear collimator 5 are installed below the channel conveyor belt, and the Compton backscatter detector array 3 and the Compton backscatter parallel photon beam 10 emitted from the object to be measured constitute a Kang The geometric structure of Ponton backscattering measurement and imaging. The Compton front scatter detector array 17 and the rear collimator 15 are installed directly above the security inspection channel, and the Compton front scatter detector array 17 and the Compton front scatter parallel photon beam 16 emitted from the object under test Constitutes the geometry of Compton forward scattering measurements and imaging.
在背散射探测器、前散射探测器与透射探测器之间分别设置较厚的辐射屏蔽层6和18，屏蔽透射光子对康普顿光子测量的干扰和影响，用以解决透射检测与康普顿背散射、前散射检测过程中共用1台X射线源互相干扰的问题。 Thick radiation shielding layers 6 and 18 are respectively arranged between the backscatter detector, the forward scatter detector and the transmission detector to shield the interference and influence of the transmission photons on the Compton photon measurement, so as to solve the problem of transmission detection and Compton photon measurement. In the process of backscattering and forward scattering detection, the same X-ray source interferes with each other.
本发明的安检过程参见附图2、3、5。 Security inspection process of the present invention is referring to accompanying drawing 2,3,5.
被检测物在经过检测传送带时，本检测装置将分别进行X射线透射和康普顿散射检测，采用X射线透射检测出武器、刀具等金属违禁品，采用康普顿散射检测毒品、炸药等违禁品，且确保两种检测互不干扰、测量准确。 When the detected object passes through the detection conveyor belt, the detection device will perform X-ray transmission and Compton scattering detection respectively, using X-ray transmission to detect metal contraband such as weapons and knives, and using Compton scattering to detect drugs, explosives and other contraband products, and ensure that the two tests do not interfere with each other and the measurement is accurate.
检测过程如图5所示。当被检测物进入安检通道后，本装置启动光机和传送控制，在检测软件的控制下，进行透射TR检测数据和康普顿散CS射数据的采集，采集的数据将进行图像显示、TR轮廓提取、图像特征提取和刻度库数据的比对，最后，将结果着成彩色图像输出，如没有发现违禁品直接放行，如有违禁品则报警。 The detection process is shown in Figure 5. When the detected object enters the security inspection channel, the device starts the optical machine and transmission control, and under the control of the detection software, collects the transmission TR detection data and Compton scattering CS data, and the collected data will be displayed on the image, TR Contour extraction, image feature extraction and scale library data comparison, and finally, output the result as a color image, if no contraband is found, it will be released directly, and if there is any contraband, it will call the police.
参见附图2、3。 See accompanying drawings 2 and 3.
透射测量：当隐藏有金属武器、刀具、炸药、毒品的被测物21放到安检通道12的入口的传送带7上后，传送到通道透射测量区域时，X射线源8并经过前准直器14的非对称扇形光子束穿过被测物后发出的透射光子束9，由L形透射探测器阵列11进行透射扫描测量，获得被测物21中各种物品的形状大小及其密度厚度信息，由此测出清晰的透射图像，显示为灰度图像。根据被测物中不同材料属性、原子序数范围，将图像着成蓝、绿、橙三种颜色，由此测出被测物21中隐藏的金属武器、刀具等违禁品。 Transmission measurement: when the object 21 hidden with metal weapons, knives, explosives, and drugs is placed on the conveyor belt 7 at the entrance of the security inspection channel 12, and then transmitted to the transmission measurement area of the channel, the X-ray source 8 passes through the front collimator The transmitted photon beam 9 emitted by the asymmetric fan-shaped photon beam of 14 passes through the object under test, and the transmission scanning measurement is performed by the L-shaped transmission detector array 11 to obtain the shape, size, density and thickness information of various items in the object under test 21 , from which a clear transmission image is measured and displayed as a grayscale image. According to different material properties and atomic number ranges in the measured object, the image is colored in three colors of blue, green, and orange, thereby detecting contraband such as metal weapons and knives hidden in the measured object 21 .
康普顿散射测量：当被测物21在传送带7上传送到通道紧靠着透射测量区域的康普顿散射测量区域时，从被测物品上射出的康普顿背散射光子束10经背散射探测后准直器5由背散射探测器阵列3进行背散射扫描测量；同时，从被测物品上射出的前散射平行光子束16经前散射探测后准直器15由康普顿前散射探测器阵列17)进行前散射扫描测量。由背散射与前散射测量结果获得被测物21中隐藏炸药22、毒品、汽油24等违禁品的密度、有效原子系数信息，用康普顿背散射、前散射测量与透射测量相结合进行数据处理成像，进一步将Zeff<10的有效原子系数低，其密度又比织物、塑料等日常用品大而显橙色的物质显示成红色、黄色，如炸药、毒品等危险品；又根据水、饮料等非违禁品23与汽油、酒精等易燃品24的密度、等效原子系数差异将其汽油24等易燃品显示为粉红色。 Compton scattering measurement: when the measured object 21 is transported on the conveyor belt 7 to the Compton scattering measurement area where the channel is close to the transmission measurement area, the Compton backscattered photon beam 10 emitted from the measured object passes through the back The collimator 5 after scattering detection is used for backscatter scanning measurement by the backscatter detector array 3; at the same time, the front-scattered parallel photon beam 16 emitted from the object to be measured is detected by the front-scattering collimator 15 by the Compton forward scattering The detector array 17) performs forward scatter scanning measurements. The density and effective atomic coefficient information of hidden explosives 22, drugs, gasoline 24 and other contraband in the measured object 21 are obtained from the backscattering and forward scattering measurement results, and the data are obtained by combining Compton backscattering, forward scattering measurement and transmission measurement Processing imaging, and further displaying orange substances with a low effective atomic coefficient of Z eff <10 and a higher density than fabrics, plastics and other daily necessities, such as explosives, drugs and other dangerous goods; and according to water, beverages, etc. The difference in density and equivalent atomic coefficient between non-contraband goods 23 and flammables 24 such as gasoline and alcohol makes the flammables such as gasoline 24 appear in pink.
测试结果： X射线透射安检装置只能检查出用金属武器、刀具等，难于分辨织物、塑料、炸药、毒品等有效原子系数低的物质。用本发明的L形结构的单源X射线透射与背散射安检装置能同时检测出金属武器、刀具、炸药、毒品、汽油等有效原子系数低的违禁品，可以大幅度提高安检质量。 Test results: The X-ray transmission security inspection device can only detect metal weapons, knives, etc., and it is difficult to distinguish materials with low effective atomic coefficients such as fabrics, plastics, explosives, and drugs. The single-source X-ray transmission and backscattering security inspection device with L-shaped structure of the present invention can simultaneously detect metal weapons, knives, explosives, drugs, gasoline and other contraband with low effective atomic coefficients, which can greatly improve the quality of security inspection.
本实施例中，L形结构的单源X 射线安检装置的L形透射探测器阵列11采用象数尺寸为1.6×2.0mm2微型硅光电二极管(Si-PIN)和碘化铯(CsI(Tl))闪烁晶体制成的具有国际标准接口的探测器组件。康普顿背散射探测器阵列3和前散射探测器阵列17是自行研制的象数尺寸为5.8×5.8mm2小型硅光电二极管(Si-PIN)和碘化铯(CsI(Tl))闪烁晶体制成具有国际标准接口的探测器组件。 In the present embodiment, the L-shaped transmission detector array 11 of the single-source X-ray security inspection device of the L-shaped structure adopts a micro-silicon photodiode (Si-PIN) and a cesium iodide (CsI(Tl )) Detector components made of scintillation crystals with international standard interfaces. Compton backscatter detector array 3 and forward scatter detector array 17 are self-developed small silicon photodiodes (Si-PIN) and cesium iodide (CsI(Tl)) scintillation crystals with a pixel size of 5.8×5.8mm Made into a detector assembly with an international standard interface.
参见附图4。透射和康普顿散射测量数据采传系统分别由64、16路低噪声前置放大器、主放大器、多路模拟信号采集模块、模数变换器、可编程数据处理电路、USB接口、低噪声电源等组成，结构简单、采集、传输可靠。 See attached drawing 4. The transmission and Compton scattering measurement data acquisition and transmission systems are respectively composed of 64 and 16 low-noise preamplifiers, main amplifiers, multi-channel analog signal acquisition modules, analog-to-digital converters, programmable data processing circuits, USB interfaces, and low-noise power supplies And other components, simple structure, reliable collection and transmission.
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| JPH04353792A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-12-08 | Toshiba Corp | Scattered ray imaging device and scattered ray detector used for it |
| DE10009285A1 (en) * | 2000-02-28 | 2001-08-30 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Computer tomograph for determining the pulse transfer spectrum in an examination area |
| CN101509880A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2009-08-19 | 公安部第一研究所 | Safety check system of manifold effect detection fusing technology applying X ray |
| CN102313753B (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2014-07-16 | 清华大学 | Article detection equipment and method |
| CN202092973U (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-12-28 | 丁厚本 | CBS-based detector array of channel type security detector |
| CN102183533B (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2013-04-24 | 深圳市鑫源通电子有限公司 | Channel type X-ray safety check method and device |
| CN202204784U (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-04-25 | 深圳市神飞电子科技有限公司 | X-ray detector array box of safety inspection equipment |
| CN102749343A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-10-24 | 丁青 | Liquid safety inspection instrument based on Compton back-scattering scanning technology |
| CN203275670U (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-11-06 | 深圳市鑫源通电子有限公司 | Inspection vehicle based on large fanned-beam Compton back scattering scanning technology |
| CN202994690U (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-06-12 | 四川大学 | Single-source X-ray transmission and Compton scattering security check device in L-shaped structure |
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