Background of invention:
Pseudo-boehmite ((A1OOHnH
2o, n=0.08~0.62), also claim false boehmite, to be that a class forms uncertain, crystallization is imperfect, have a kind of aluminium hydroxide of thin fold lamella, has the features such as specific surface is high, pore volume is large.Product γ-the Al of pseudo-boehmite roasting between 400~700 ℃
2o
3be widely used as support of the catalyst, catalyzer and sorbent material etc.; Between 1100~1200 ℃, calcining can obtain nanometer alpha-A1
2o
3, be widely used as effective catalyst, submicron/nanometer level abrasive substance and polishing material, makeup filler and the inorganic material film etc. of paint additive, high-grade ceramic, petrochemical complex, be the type material that a class has wide development prospect.
It is different that the production method of industrial pseudo-boehmite is pressed raw material, is mainly divided into organo-aluminium alcoholate method and inorganic neutralisation.Organo-aluminium alcoholate method refers to that German Condea company succeeds in developing a kind ofly take the high-quality pseudo-boehmite that rafifinal bits and higher alcohols (Pentyl alcohol, n-hexyl alcohol) be raw material production, and its production comprises the working cycle of aluminum hydroxide-aluminum oxide-aluminium-ol aluminium-aluminium hydroxide.SB powder, because crystal formation is good, pore structure is easily controlled, specific surface area is large and purity is high, is widely used in catalytic field.But the organic solvent that the method is used has certain toxicity, and production cost is also higher.Domestic pseudo-boehmite is produced the main inorganic neutralisation that adopts, and comprises alkaline process, acid system and two aluminium method.The basic technology that alkaline process is produced pseudo-boehmite comprises gel-aging-separated and washing-dry four steps.The feature that this method is produced is: raw material is cheap, and production cost is low; Be convenient to scale operation.Shortcoming is that iron, silicon, sodium impurity are higher, and crystalline phase purity is low, and technology stability is poor.It is raw material that acid system be take the aluminium salt such as Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum nitrate, aluminum chloride, adds water soluble alkali as neutralizations such as sodium metaaluminate, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, ammoniacal liquor, and preparation process comprises the processes such as plastic, aging, washing is dry.Two aluminium methods refer to Tai-Ace S 150 and sodium metaaluminate with and stream mode add and carry out neutralization reaction, prepare the technology of pseudo-boehmite.Different methods all has relative merits separately, but each method exists common shortcoming: product easily has stray crystal, and cost is relatively high.
As a rule, the aluminum oxide that is used as catalyzer and support of the catalyst need to design high as far as possible specific surface area, so that catalytic site and active concentration reach maximum, but in practical ranges, the relation in specific surface area and aperture opposes.Especially in refining of petroleum,, there is a large amount of organometallic compounds and bituminous matter in the in poor quality day by day along with petroleum resources in stock oil, and wherein modal metal is nickel, vanadium and iron.These metals are unfavorable for various petroleum refinement operations very much, as hydrocracking, hydrogenating desulfurization and catalytic cracking.These metals and bituminous matter can cause the pore plugging of beds and reduce catalyst life.A large amount of metal deposits on catalyzer tend to make poisoning of catalyst or inactivation.For preventing or slow down the poisoning or inactivation of catalyzer, just need enough large hole to spread, but will reduce specific surface area when improving hole.Research shows, although diameter can increase the reactive site quantity of some silica/alumina hydrogenation catalyst lower than the hole of 6nm, first these positions can be stopped up by carbon distribution, cause activity decreased.Meanwhile, if be greater than 10% total pore volume in catalyzer, by aperture, be greater than 60nm(macropore) hole occupy, the mechanical crushing strength of this catalyzer and catalytic activity all can reduce so.At present general viewpoint is thought, with regard to some silica/alumina catalyzer, aperture is 15~60nm(mesopore) hole to reach be at utmost to meet the requirement that can accept active and catalyst life.Increasing specific surface area and improving mesopore ratio is to need mutually to coordinate, meanwhile, when catalyst exposure in reaction conditions as high temperature, high pressure and high humidity lower time, also need to there is high hydrothermal stability.Therefore high-specific surface area, the pore distribution aluminum oxide moderate and hydrothermally stable that, preparation is suitable for support of the catalyst becomes numerous study on the carrier persons' target.
Therefore, widen aluminium source and seek new starting material, pseudo-boehmite and derivative thereof that preparation has different structure characteristic are very necessary.Numerous researchers are prepared pseudo-boehmite by multiple aluminium salt and have been done a large amount of research, but take the fast shedding of cheapness, prepare pseudo-boehmite rarely have report as raw material.Fast shedding be by gibbsite quick burning, made there is ρ-or the aluminum oxide of χ-crystalline structure, the most significant characteristic is to have high porosity and low cost, but activated alumina also has the some shortcomings that limit its widespread use, as unstable due to its high free energy in activated alumina, be hyperergy, owing to forming the fast dewatering method of activated alumina, its crystal formation is unbodied.
Hydrothermal method be over one hundred year before sand smeller study the forming process of some mineral and rock for the hydrothermal reaction condition under simulated formation, a kind of chemical synthesis process of generation while carrying out simulated experiment in laboratory, especially prepare powder aspect, the powder that can prepare well-crystallized and favorable dispersity, directly affects powder crystal grain thing phase and pattern.External investigators have done certain research to fast shedding hydrothermal treatment consists.U.S. W. R. Grace & Co has reported by the aluminium hydroxide after grinding and activated alumina in CN1213800C prepares the pseudo-boehmite of 2~20nm under crystallographic dimension growth inhibitor (silicate or phosphoric acid salt) exists through hydro-thermal reaction.Fast shedding and being combined with of crystallographic dimension growth inhibitor have increased mean pore size and pore volume, have also increased specific surface area simultaneously.Sato Goro of Japan reports and fast shedding is carried out in the acidic medium of high density to hydrothermal treatment consists in CN1120129C, can make a kind of alumina sol that has high alumina concentration and be particularly suitable for being used as alumina supporter or hydrogenation catalyst.This colloidal sol is fibrous pseudo-boehmite, and its weight mean diameter is 3~50nm, and weight average length is 30~3000nm.
The method of at present preparing pseudo-boehmite by fast shedding all exists raw material granularity to require strictly, impurity in products content is high or reaction system is acid by force to shortcomings such as equipment corrosion height, is unfavorable for realizing industrialization.The present invention has overcome above shortcoming, and preparation technology is simple, and product purity is high, with low cost, easily carries out suitability for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention be to provide a kind of by fast shedding at crystal seed or/and the Water Under thermal response that other additives exist is prepared the method for pseudo-boehmite.This method is easy and simple to handle, with low cost, and product has the feature of wide aperture and high-ratio surface.To solve, ordinary method production cost is high, the uppity shortcoming of product structure.
The present invention is a kind of method of being prepared pseudo-boehmite by fast shedding, it is characterized in that:
Comprise the steps:
1) in appropriate amount of deionized water, add a certain amount of dispersion agent, making its concentration is 0~20mmol/L, then under well-beaten condition, adding massfraction is 10~20% fast shedding, add subsequently in fast shedding, the pseudo-boehmite that massfraction is 0~50% is crystal seed, after stirring, with acid or alkali regulation system pH, be 3~10, be transferred in reactor and react, controlling temperature of reaction is 120~200 ℃, reaction times 1~8hr;
2) after reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 30~90 ℃ of burin-in process 0.5~8hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in a certain amount of deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal;
3) above-mentioned product is dried to 4~16hr at 100~150 ℃, pulverizes, obtain pseudo-boehmite powder.
Wherein, the dispersion agent in step 1) is selected from one or more of cationic dispersing agent, anionic dispersing agent or non-ionic dispersing agent to present method.Cationic dispersing agent comprises quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, as Trimethyllaurylammonium bromide, Tetradecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide; Anionic dispersing agent comprises that alkylsurfuric acid esters surface active agent is as sodium lauryl sulphate, and benzene sulfonamide acids tensio-active agent is as Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and alkyl carboxylic acid class tensio-active agent is as sodium laurate, sodium tartrate; Non-ionic dispersing agent comprises that fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether class is as polyoxyethylene glycol.
Wherein, the acid in step 1) is selected from a kind of in nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, formic acid, acetic acid to present method, and alkali is selected from a kind of in ammoniacal liquor, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide.
The present invention compares with background technology project, and the beneficial effect having is: (1) preparation process is simple, with low cost, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production; (2) product preparation process is not introduced the impurity such as sodium, sulphur, and product purity is high; (3) by introducing crystal seed, utilize the synergy of dispersion agent, control certain preparation condition and can make specific surface and the controlled pseudo-boehmite product of pore structure, be with a wide range of applications.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
In 1.6L deionized water, add the fast shedding of 400g, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 200 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 30 ℃, carries out aging 8hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 100 ℃ of dry 16hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 2
In 1.8L deionized water, add the fast shedding of 200g, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃, carries out aging 0.5hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 3
In 2L deionized water, add the fast shedding of 250g, then add 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 80 ℃, carries out aging 2hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 4
In 2L deionized water, add the fast shedding of 250g, then add 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 120 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 8hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 80 ℃, carries out aging 2hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 5
In 1.8L deionized water, add the fast shedding of 200g, then add 200g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 1hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 80 ℃, carries out aging 2hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 6
In 2L deionized water, add the fast shedding of 250g, then add 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 3.0, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃, carries out aging 1hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 7
In 2L deionized water, add the fast shedding of 250g, then add 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with ammoniacal liquor, regulate pH to 10.0, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃, carries out aging 1hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 8
In 2L deionized water, first add 7.3g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, its concentration is 10mmol/L, under well-beaten condition, add the fast shedding of 250g, add subsequently 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃, carries out aging 1hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 9
In 2L deionized water, first add 2.2g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, its concentration is 3mmol/L, under well-beaten condition, add the fast shedding of 250g, add subsequently 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃, carries out aging 2hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 10
In 2L deionized water, first add 4.6g sodium tartrate, its concentration is 10mmol/L, under well-beaten condition, add the fast shedding of 250g, add subsequently 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃, carries out aging 2hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 11
In 2L deionized water, first add 7.0g Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, its concentration is 10mmol/L, under well-beaten condition, add the fast shedding of 250g, add subsequently 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃, carries out aging 2hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 12
In 2L deionized water, first add 8.0g polyoxyethylene glycol-200, its concentration is 20mmol/L, under well-beaten condition, add the fast shedding of 250g, add subsequently 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃, carries out aging 2hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 150 ℃ of dry 4hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 13
In 2L deionized water, first add 2.3g sodium tartrate and 3.6g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, its concentration is respectively 5mmol/L and 5mmol/L, under well-beaten condition, add the fast shedding of 250g, add subsequently 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in reactor, controlling temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finishes, it is 8~10 that slurries are adjusted to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃, carries out aging 2hr, carry out subsequently suction filtration separation, obtain crude product filter cake, then crude product filter cake is dispersed in 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration is separated, obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product, at 150 ℃ of dry 4hr, is obtained to product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Table 1 product crystalline phase and N
2adsorption/desorption analyzing and testing result
In table, data are known: improve the pH value of temperature of reaction and raising reaction system, be conducive to generate wide-aperture pseudo-boehmite; Add pseudo-boehmite crystal seed, with dispersion agent, can improve the specific surface area of product; Being used in conjunction with of dissimilar dispersion agent, can make the pseudo-boehmite product of large specific surface large pore volume.