Background technology
Granisetron is a kind of potent, high selectivity periphery and central nervous system's 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT
3) receptor antagonist, by the 5-HT to small intestinal abdominal part centripetal nerve fiber and nucleus solitarius or vomiting chemoceptor trigger region
3The blocking effect of receptor suppresses the nausea and vomiting that antitumor drug and radiotherapy cause.At present, the route of administration that granisetron is commonly used clinically has vein, oral and rectally, but because the pain that intravenously administrable may bring, oral administration increases the weight of reaction and first pass effect for what suffer from that serious vomiting, nauseating patient bring, and the inconvenience of rectally, make people be more prone to seek a kind of easy to use, compliance is high, side effect is little, can keep the new granisetron form of administration of Cpss.
Chinese patent application CN 1747724A has described a kind of binding agent patch for the granisetron transdermal administration, and wherein binding agent is the acryloid cement that contains nonacid hydroxylic moiety.This application thinks that the binding agent that contains hydroxyl obviously is better than the electroneutral binding agent of non-nucleophilic, and this class binding agent mainly improves the transdermal flux of granisetron.It is favourable that any penetration enhancer is not used in this application instruction, can reduce zest and eliminating to the adverse effect of binding agent mechanics performance.
Chinese patent application CN 101180018A has described a kind of compositions for applied dermally antiemetic, and wherein the contact skin compositions comprises: the 1) 5-HT of emesis effective dose
3Receptor antagonist, 2) account for skin contacting adhesive layer 0.5%-15% weight penetration enhancers and, 3) binding agent.Described binding agent is selected from acrylic resin, vinylacetate, natural and synthetic rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polysiloxanes, polyacrylate, polyurethane, the polyether block amide copolymer of plasticising, the SBR styrene butadiene rubbers block copolymer of plasticising and their mixture.This application instruction is used medium but the penetration enhancers of the concentration of remarkable efficacy is arranged, and can obtain the benefit identical with CN 1747724A.
But, lack a kind of transdermal flux that can more effectively improve granisetron in the prior art, and take into account simultaneously even improve the transdermal patch that contains granisetron of skin irritation and mechanical property.
The inventor is by a large amount of experiments, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention of finding to adopt the adhesive composition, transdermal penetration promoter and the granisetron that are comprised of the polyacrylate pressure-sensitive with particular functional group's monomer and polyacrylic resin to mix in specific proportions and preparing is as the transdermal patch of hypothallus, can significantly improve the transdermal flux of active medicine granisetron, and in skin irritation, the aspects such as mechanical property have improved premium properties.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of pharmaceutical composition that contains granisetron, by (A) polyacrylate pressure-sensitive, (B) polyacrylic resin, (C) penetrating agent and (D) granisetron form, wherein said polyacrylate pressure-sensitive (A) is for containing (methyl) acrylamide or its N, (methyl) acrylate copolymer of N substituted monomer; Described polyacrylic resin (B) is Eudragit class polyacrylic resin, and described penetrating agent (C) is selected from isopropyl myristate, Laurel nitrogen
Ketone, glyceryl triacetate, 1,2-PD and composition thereof.
The present invention also provides the application of this pharmaceutical composition that contains granisetron aspect preparation granisetron transdermal patch.
The present invention also provides a kind of granisetron transdermal patch, its structure comprises backing layer, hypothallus and protective layer, described hypothallus by (A) polyacrylate pressure-sensitive, (B) polyacrylic resin, (C) penetrating agent and (D) granisetron form, wherein said polyacrylate pressure-sensitive (A) is for containing (methyl) acrylamide or its N, (methyl) acrylate copolymer of N substituted monomer; Described polyacrylic resin (B) is Eudragit class polyacrylic resin, and described penetrating agent (C) is selected from isopropyl myristate, Laurel nitrogen
Ketone, glyceryl triacetate, 1,2-PD and composition thereof.
Transdermal patch of the present invention, its Percutaneously absorbable can be excellent, and is little to skin irritation, and has enough adhesion strengths, and patch does not exist wire drawing, excessive glue etc. to be unfavorable for the phenomenon of using.
In pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, by the weighing scale of compositions, the shared weight ratio of preferred ingredient A and B is about 65%-95%, and the about 9-1 of A: B=; The shared weight ratio of component C is about 2%-15%; And the shared weight ratio of component D is about 3%-20%.
In a preferred embodiment of pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, by the weighing scale of compositions, the shared weight ratio of component A is about 60%-80%; The shared weight ratio of B component is about 9%-20%; The shared weight ratio of component C is about 6%-12%; And the shared weight ratio of component D is about 5%-13%.
The preferred embodiment of pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention wherein comprises: based on the composition total weight meter, what be about 60%-80% contains (methyl) acrylamide or its N, (methyl) acrylate copolymer of N substituted monomer, 9-20%'s
The granisetron alkali of the isopropyl myristate of RS100,6%-12% and 5%-13%.
Another preferred embodiment of pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention, wherein comprise: based on the composition total weight meter, what be about 60%-80% contains (methyl) acrylamide or its N, (methyl) acrylate copolymer of N substituted monomer, 9%-20%'s
RS100 and 6%-12% by Laurel nitrogen
The penetrating agent compositions that ketone, glyceryl triacetate and 1,2-PD combine and the granisetron alkali of 5%-13%.
On the other hand, in described granisetron transdermal patch of the present invention, component A and B shared weight ratio in hypothallus is about 65%-95%, wherein the about 9-1 of A: B=; Component C shared weight ratio in hypothallus is about 2%-15%; And component D shared weight ratio in hypothallus is about 3%-20%.
In the preferred embodiment of granisetron transdermal patch of the present invention, comprise in its hypothallus: by the hypothallus gross weight, be about the component A of 60%-80%; The B component that is about 9%-20%; The component C that is about 6%-12%; With the component D that is about 5%-13%.
The preferred embodiment of granisetron transdermal patch according to the present invention, comprise in its hypothallus: by the hypothallus gross weight, what be about 60%-80% contains (methyl) acrylamide or its N, (methyl) acrylate copolymer of N substituted monomer, 9-20%'s
The granisetron alkali of the isopropyl myristate of RS100,6%-12% and 5%-13%.
Another preferred embodiment of granisetron transdermal patch according to the present invention, comprise in its hypothallus: by the hypothallus gross weight, be about (methyl) acrylate copolymer that contains (methyl) acrylamide or its N, N substituted monomer, the 9%-20% of 60%-80%
RS100,6%-12% by Laurel nitrogen
The penetrating agent compositions that ketone, glyceryl triacetate and 1,2-PD combine and the granisetron alkali of 5%-13%.
In the present invention, described containing (methyl) acrylamide or its N, (methyl) acrylate copolymer of N substituted monomer [namely, polyacrylate pressure-sensitive (A)] be with (methyl) acrylic acid and/or (methyl) acrylate and comprise (methyl) acrylamide or its N, the N substituted monomer causes the polymer substance that copolymerization forms at interior functional monomer's free radical, and monomer whose is selected from (methyl) acrylic acid, (methyl) acrylic acid C
1-10Arrcostab, 2-EHA, vinyl acetate, α-methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, Methacrylamide, acrylamide, isobutoxy Methacrylamide, methoxy acrylamide, diamino ethyl methacrylate, N-butoxymethyl acrylamide, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylic acid, diethyllaminoethyl methacrylate, diisopropyl acrylamide etc.
In the present invention, described containing (methyl) acrylamide or its N, (methyl) acrylate copolymer of N substituted monomer is preferably by acrylamide, butyl acrylate, 2-EHA, vinyl acetate and α-methacrylic acid monomer copolymerization form, the preferred acrylamide 1%-5% of the proportion of each monomer, butyl acrylate 30%-40%, 2-EHA 35%-50%, vinyl acetate 15%-25% and α-methacrylic acid O.5%-2%, acrylamide 3.3-4.3% particularly preferably, butyl acrylate 32.6-33.6%, 2-EHA 40.4-41.4%, vinyl acetate 20.5-21.5% and α-methacrylic acid are O.7-1.7%.
Polyacrylate pressure-sensitive of the present invention (A) has good pressure-sensitive and cohesive at normal temperatures, and lower vitrification point (55 ℃-15 ℃).Polyacrylate pressure-sensitive of the present invention is owing to introduce functional monomer's (methyl) acrylamide, makes and produced to a certain degree crosslinked between the copolymer molecule, and its cohesive strength and bond properties are improved significantly.
Described polyacrylate pressure-sensitive can adopt technology preparation known in the art, for example, according to conventional method (referring to Yang Yukun, " pressure sensitive adhesive goods technical manual ", Chemical Industry Press, in JIUYUE, 2004 is published, the 260-261 page or leaf), monomer and an amount of solvent beyond the functional monomer are added in the retort, initiator (for example benzoyl peroxide), functional monomer and an amount of solvent are added in the Dropping funnel, under blanket of nitrogen, begin heated and stirred, begin during to 72 ℃ to drip, close nitrogen.Keep reaction temperature at 72-78 ℃, the initiator dropping liquid dripped off in 3 hours, was incubated 2 hours again, and holding temperature is 75-80 ℃, the cooled and filtered discharging.
In the present invention, described " polyacrylic resin " refers to German Evonik Degussa company
(especially strange) E, L, S, RL, the model commodity such as RS, NE, and " the polyacrylic resin kind that two ones of Chinese pharmacopoeia 201O versions are recorded has the models (Lianyungang of Jiangsu Chinese system of weights iodine factory) such as polyacrylic resin II, III, IV.For example,
E is cationic dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and the copolymer of two kinds of neutral methacrylic acid esters,
RL and RS contain the methacrylate of quaternary ammonium and the copolymer of acrylate and methacrylate.In the present invention, preferred
L100,
S100,
RL 1OO,
RS1OO,
E100,
L1OO-55,
E PO,
RL PO,
RS PO and composition thereof, especially preferred
RS 1OO or
E100.
The polyacrylate pressure-sensitive (A) of the present invention by will having particular functional group's monomer and polyacrylic resin (B) combination have contact adhesive composition than the high-mechanic capacity thereby form to penetrating agent.The preferred proportion of the two is the about 9-1 of A: B=in the present invention, such as the about 8-1.5 of A: B=or 7-2 etc.
In order to improve the transdermal flux of medicine, the common employing adds various penetrating agents in patch, but penetrating agent usually produces zest to skin, and the mechanical property meeting of patch is destroyed when adding a large amount of penetrating agent.In order to be provided at the good granisetron transdermal patch of balance between percutaneous rate and mechanical property and the skin irritation, the inventor passes through lot of experiments, filter out the penetrating agent that has the fabulous compatibility with contact adhesive composition of the present invention and active medicine granisetron, be selected from isopropyl myristate, Laurel nitrogen

Ketone, glyceryl triacetate, 1,2-PD or one or more the mixture in them.In transdermal patch of the present invention, the weight ratio of penetrating agent (C) in hypothallus is higher, and it is better that Percutaneously absorbable can become, but when weight ratio surpasses 15%, the cohesive strength of binding agent will reduce greatly, thereby the mechanical property of patch is affected adversely.
In granisetron patch of the present invention, backing layer is made of back lining materials well known to those skilled in the art such as aluminium foil, poly terephthalic acid diethylester, polyethylene or non-woven fabrics etc.
In granisetron patch of the present invention; the protective layer that is covered on the hypothallus is made of protective material well known to those skilled in the art; thin film such as polyester, polrvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate etc.; perhaps said film is carried out conventional release coat and processes, be included in directly with film surface that hypothallus contacts on silicone coated resin or fluororesin etc.The protective layer preferred surface of transdermal patch of the present invention is coated with the mylar of fluororesin.
The pharmaceutical composition that the present invention contains granisetron can adopt technology preparation known in the art, for example in suitable container, the polyacrylic resin of formula ratio (for example is selected from
RS100,
E100 etc.) solvent (for example ethyl acetate) immersion with appropriate amount made it to dissolve fully in 2-3 hour, the granisetron, polyacrylate pressure-sensitive and the transdermal penetration promoter that add again formula ratio, add the solvent (such as ethyl acetate etc.) of appropriate amount to certain volume, stirring fully mixes each component, can make the pharmaceutical composition that contains granisetron that is the rubber cement shape.
The transdermal patch that the present invention contains granisetron can adopt technology preparation known in the art; for example the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition rubber cement that contains granisetron for preparing is coated on the open and flat back lining materials by certain thickness; the preparation hypothallus; then under 60 ℃ of conditions dry 2-3 hour; remove volatile solvent; take out cooling, then the protective material layer is covered on the hypothallus, fill at last the patch that is cut into certain area and shape.
Compared with prior art, patch of the present invention has obviously improved the transdermal flux of granisetron, indicating and satisfying under the prerequisite of identical dosage, the more similar patch product of patch of the present invention can reduce the content of dispersion in the unit are, perhaps dwindles usable floor area under the prerequisite that keeps same units area medicine content.The former can save manufacturing cost, and latter can improve comfort and the compliance of patch user.Simultaneously, patch of the present invention is little to skin irritation, and has enough adhesion strengths, does not also exist wire drawing, excessive glue etc. to be unfavorable for the phenomenon of using.
The specific embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below by embodiment, but embodiment does not constitute any limitation to the present invention.
I. transdermal patch preparation
Embodiment 1
In suitable container, be weighed into 1.47 grams

RS100 (German Evonik Degussa company produce), add again appropriate amount ethyl acetate (Beijing Yili Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd., chemical pure) immersion made it to dissolve fully in 2-3 hour, being weighed into 24.42 grams contains the polyacrylate pressure-sensitive of 30% solids content (its preparation method is seen: Yang Yukun again, " pressure sensitive adhesive goods technical manual ", Chemical Industry Press, in JIUYUE, 2004 is published, the 260-261 page or leaf), wherein used monomer and content thereof are respectively: acrylamide 3.8%, butyl acrylate 33.1%, 2-EHA 40.9%, vinyl acetate 21% and α-methacrylic acid 1.2%.Above monomer is all available from Beijing Yili Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd., be chemical pure), and then add 0.55 gram granisetron (Sinopharm Chuankang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and 1.04 gram isopropyl myristates (Fauna of Kunshan, Jiangsu city China new household chemicals company limited produce), add the ethyl acetate of appropriate amount to certain volume, stirring makes each component fully be mixed into the rubber cement shape.With the rubber cement for preparing by certain thickness be coated in open and flat mylar (

1109) on the back lining materials, the preparation hypothallus, then, under 60 ℃ of conditions dry 2-3 hour, make it dry after thickness be about 100 μ m.To scribble again the fluorine layer mylar (
1022) cover on this hypothallus, be die-cut at last the patch of certain area and shape, thereby make transdermal patch of the present invention.The granisetron medicament contg of this patch is about 0.66mg/cm
2, wherein the weight percentage of each component is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2
Adopt the method for embodiment 1, according to the weight percentage of each component in the hypothallus that provides in the table 1, the patch of Preparation Example 2.
Embodiment 3-6
Adopt the method for embodiment 1, according to the weight percentage of each component in the hypothallus that provides in the table 2, the patch of Preparation Example 3-6.
Comparative example 1
Be granisetron listing product
(STRAKAN LIMITED, specification is 34.3mg/52cm
2, namely granisetron content is 0.66mg/cm
2).
Comparative example 2-5
Patch according to the method for embodiment 1 makes does not wherein contain polyacrylic resin in comparative example 2 prescriptions, does not contain any penetrating agent in the comparative example 3, and the content of penetrating agent exceeds beyond the scope of the invention in the comparative example 4, and the contact adhesive that uses in the comparative example 5 is Duro-
87-2516 (production of national of the United States's starch company).
Table 1
Annotate: all to contain with comparative example 1 same amount be 0.66mg/cm for all embodiment and comparative example in the table 1
2Granisetron.
Table 2
II. transdermal patch performance test
1, the granisetron burst size is measured
According to " percutaneous drug administration preparation " (Liang Bingwen, Chinese Medicine science and technology publishing house, in JIUYUE, 1992 is published, 252 pages) method introduced carries out the transdermal test in vitro experiment, records the cumulative release amount (mg/cm of the patch 0-72 hour granisetron of embodiment and comparative example
2), wherein the cumulative release amount result of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 is as shown in Figure 1.
2, to the evaluation of hot-fluid, cold flow
Adhesive-layer is made 30cm
2Disk test, hot-fluid is that paster was deposited 24 hours under 50 ℃ of temperature; Cold flow is with at ambient temperature seasoning 6 months of paster.Standards of grading are: 5-represents that the glue that overflows obviously appears in the edge, and 4-represents that the glue that overflows appears in the edge, and 3-represents that a small amount of glue that overflows appears in the edge, and 2-represents that the fragmentary glue that overflows appears in the edge, and 1-represents that the glue that overflows does not appear in the edge.。
3, hold the test of viscous forceCarry out according to GB/T4851-1998.
4, the test of initial bonding strengthCarry out (spin slope method) according to GB4852-84.
5, irritation test
[test carrier] Japan large ear rabbit (regular grade animal), 7~8 monthly ages.
The specimen of [sample size] each embodiment or comparative example patch is parallel selects 4 samples.
[test method] employing standard: pertinent regulations and content in " the medicine registration management way " that State Food and Drug Administration issues, " chemicals zest, anaphylaxis and the hemolytic investigative technique guideline ".
Each test sample adopts 4 Japan large ear rabbits., male and female half and half, all administration is 2 times, sticks continuously 7 days at every turn.Give animal 1 5cm at every turn
2Granisetron circular patch (content of dispersion 3.3mg).The all left side administrations of all animals, stick the granisetron transdermal patch, before animal note after at every turn dispelling old paster applies new paster, the last administration take off paster after the perusal record stick the position whether erythema, edema arranged, and mark, standards of grading are: 1) 0-0.49 is nonirritant, 2) 0.5-2.99 is slight zest; 3) 3.0-5.99 is the moderate zest, 4) 6.0-8.00 is strong and stimulating.As exist the persistency damage then to prolong the observation time limit, observe recovery situation and time that injured skin changes.
Above result of the test shows that transdermal patch of the present invention has all obtained gratifying technique effect in skin irritation, mechanical property as holding the aspects such as viscous force, initial bonding strength, cold flow, hot-fluid.Particularly importantly, when guaranteeing above-mentioned premium properties, compare with comparative example 1, granisetron transdermal patch of the present invention has obtained higher transdermal flux (result as shown in Figure 1), the transdermal effect that has shown patch of the present invention is better, the per area per time percutaneous rate of active medicine increases, residual quantity reduces, indicating under the prerequisite that satisfies identical dosage, the active medicine content of unit are can reduce, and this is being very favourable aspect preparation cost that reduces patch.Perhaps, under the identical prerequisite of guarantor unit's area medicine content, the less patch of usable floor area be can make, thereby comfort and the compliance of patch user improved.