CN102905061B - Seamless splicing imaging photoelectric system of double-lens 9-piece area array detector - Google Patents

Abstract

The seamless splicing imaging photoelectric system of double-lens 9 area array detectors adopts 2 imaging system structures and prism beam splitting method to realize imaging of 8 area array detectors on the first lens, of which 4 area array detectors are placed on the main image plane A total of 4 area array detectors are placed on each of the 4 side image planes; the imaging of 1 area array detector is realized on the second lens; the combination of 2 imaging systems and area array detectors realizes a 3×3 mode common The image planes formed by 9 pieces of area array detectors are seamlessly spliced. The beam-splitting prism is realized by a combination of 1 square pyramid and 4 semi-square pyramid mirrors. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective beam splitting surface is used to achieve equal energy splitting and eliminate splicing vignetting of the area array detector. The invention can be applied to aviation and aerospace optical imaging, optical detection instruments and equipment, and is especially suitable for aviation and aerospace surveying and mapping cameras with large field of view and super large area array detectors.

Description

Seamless splicing imaging photoelectric system with dual-lens 9-piece area array detector

technical field

The invention belongs to a seamless imaging photoelectric system spliced with super-large area array detectors, in particular to a seamless splicing imaging photoelectric system of double-lens 9-piece area array detectors.

Background technique

With the development of aviation and aerospace technology, the demand for photoelectric imaging systems with large area arrays and ultra-large area arrays is becoming more and more urgent. Two methods are often used to achieve large-scale array imaging. One is to customize ultra-large-scale detector devices at detector manufacturers, and the other is to use detector splicing.

At present, the scale of single-chip large area array detectors in the world is about 17k×15k (DMC250), which is not a commodity on the shelf, and the application cost is expensive. In addition, further increasing the scale of single-chip detectors is also a technical bottleneck in the development of current detectors.

Aerial surveying and mapping cameras that use splicing methods abroad, such as UCE detectors, have reached a scale of 20k×13k (UCE). However, aviation and aerospace photoelectric imaging systems have strict restrictions on weight, size, and power consumption. In the case of continuing to increase the scale of detectors, such as realizing a photoelectric imaging system with a scale of 40k×40k or larger, using such as UCE’s 4-lens 9-detector splicing, the number of lenses is large, and the entire structure will become huge.

Chen Xunan et al. In the focal plane optical splicing technology of multi-slice area CCD image sensor, the single-lens optical splicing method can realize the splicing of multi-slice area CCD, but the number of light splitting is too many, the loss of light energy is serious, and the working distance behind the optical system is required to be large. However, it cannot be realized in the large field of view mapping camera system or there is a serious shortage of light energy.

Chinese invention patent CN 101692447B uses a single lens, rotating mirror and CCD detector group to work in 4 positions to achieve image plane splicing. There are deficiencies in the long-term stability of the motion mechanism, reliability, and system accuracy, and the long working distance behind.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a seamless splicing of a dual-lens 9-piece area array detector with no field of view loss, no vignetting, no motion mechanism, simple structure and easy realization, and stable and reliable system accuracy Imaging photoelectric system.

The technical solution of the present invention: the seamless splicing imaging photoelectric system of the double-lens 9-piece area array detector, which is characterized in that: two sets of imaging systems are used to realize the imaging acquisition of 9-piece detectors in 3×3 mode, and each imaging system includes a lens and a beam-splitting prism or optical flat plate, which are located behind the lens; the optical axes of the two imaging systems are installed in parallel, and 9 pieces of area array detectors are installed on the main image plane and the side image plane in an array of misaligned intervals to realize the image plane. stitching;

The main image plane is located directly behind the splitter prism or optical plate, and the side image planes are located on the four sides of the splitter prism;

Divide the entire spliced image plane at equal intervals according to a 3×3 array. The horizontal and vertical division sizes are consistent with the photosensitive size of the area array detector in the corresponding direction. All area array detectors should use the same type of product, that is, their photosensitive size, etc. The parameters are the same;

Array numbering is from top to bottom, from left to right, that is, the top row is the first row, the bottom row is the third row; the leftmost column is the first column, the rightmost column is the third column; the first row is the first row The first to third array detectors 1 to 3, the second row to the fourth to sixth array detectors 4 to 6, and the third row to the seventh to ninth array detectors 7 to 9;

In the first imaging system, a dichroic prism b and 8 area array detectors are placed behind the first lens a, of which 4 area array detectors are placed on the main image plane, and 1 area array detector is placed on each of the 4 side image planes. One-piece array detector; the four-piece array detectors placed on the main image plane are the first, third, seventh and ninth area array detectors 1, 3, 7, and 9 respectively; the four-piece area array detectors placed on the side image plane They are the second, fourth, sixth and eighth area array detectors 2, 4, 6, and 8 respectively, viewed from the first lens a to the direction of the main image plane, where the second area array detector 2 is located on the upper image plane , the eighth area detector 8 is located at the lower image plane, the fourth area array detector 4 is located at the left image plane, and the sixth area array detector 6 is located at the right image plane; the area array detector and the side array detector of the main image plane The center-to-center distance between two pairs of the area array detectors on the image plane is twice the photosensitive size in the corresponding direction of the area array detectors;

In the second imaging system, an optical flat panel d and an area array detector are placed behind the second lens c, located on the main image plane;

On the 3×3 array image plane, the area array detectors of the second imaging system are arranged in the remaining area after the area array detectors of the first imaging system are arranged, that is, the area array detectors of the two imaging systems are arranged on the entire image plane for a complementary relationship.

The dichroic prism b is composed of 1 quadrangular prism and 4 half quadrangular prisms; the quadrangular prism includes 4 45° beam splitting surfaces and a rear end face; the half quadrangular prism is a half split of the quadrangular prism The quadrangular pyramid mirror is located in the center, and the remaining 4 half quadrangular pyramid mirrors are located around the outside of the quadrangular pyramid mirror. After being combined, they become an optical flat plate of equal thickness; The optical plate d includes front and rear end faces and four side faces, and has the same thickness as the optical prism b.

The four 45° beam-splitting surfaces of the square pyramid prism are coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film system, and the rear end surface is a fully transparent film system, which realizes equal-energy light splitting through semi-reflective and semi-transparent light splitting.

Each surface of the half quadrangular pyramid prism is coated with a fully transparent film system.

The optical plate d is coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film system on the front surface, and a fully transparent film system on the rear end surface.

The advantage of the present invention compared with prior art is:

(1) Through the structure of the present invention, the image plane seamless splicing method of the 9-piece area array detector is realized, which has the advantages of no field of view loss, no vignetting, no motion mechanism, simple structure and easy realization, and stable and reliable system accuracy; especially If a 10k×10k shelf product is used, the 3×3 mode can achieve a detection and imaging scale of 30k×30k.

(2) With the combination of 2 lenses and prism semi-transparent and semi-reflective light splitting methods of the present invention, the light energy of the image plane is 50% of the light energy entering the imaging system, realizing imaging with equal illumination on the image plane.

(3) The beam-splitting prism of the present invention is realized by a combination of 1 square pyramid and 4 semi-square pyramid mirrors, and uses semi-transparent and semi-reflective light-splitting on the beam-splitting surface, which is used to realize equal-energy light-splitting and eliminate the gradual splicing of area array detectors. faint.

(4) The present invention can be applied to aviation and aerospace optical imaging, optical detection instruments and equipment, and is especially suitable for aviation and aerospace surveying and mapping cameras with large field of view and super large area array detectors.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 double-lens combination of the present invention realizes the photoelectric system diagram of seamless splicing and imaging of 9 area array detectors;

Fig. 2 installation arrangement diagram of lens a and 8 area array detectors of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the installation arrangement diagram of the lens c of the present invention and one area array detector;

Fig. 4 is the splicing diagram of the image plane realized by the combination of 9 pieces of area array detectors of the present invention;

Fig. 5 structure diagram of beam splitting prism in the present invention, wherein a is a main view, and b is a side view;

Fig. 6 quadrangular pyramid structure diagram in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a half quadrangular pyramid in the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes 2 sets of imaging systems, the 1st set of imaging systems includes the first lens a, beam splitting prism b, 8 slices of area array detector groups; the 2nd set of imaging systems includes lens c, optical flat d, 1 slice Array detector group; the combination realizes the image plane seamless splicing imaging photoelectric system of 9 area array detectors.

As shown in Figure 2, a beamsplitter prism b and 8 area array detectors are placed behind lens a, of which 4 area array detectors are placed on the main image plane, and 1 area array detector is placed on each of the 4 side image planes. Area array detectors 1, 3, 7, and 9 are placed on the main image plane; area array detectors 2, 4, 6, and 8 are placed on the side image plane. Looking from the lens to the direction of the main image plane, area array detector 2 is located on the top On the side image plane, the area array detector 8 is located at the lower side image plane, the area array detector 4 is located at the left image plane, and the area array detector 6 is located at the right image plane; the area array detector of the main image plane and the side image plane In the area array detectors, the distance between two pairs of centers is twice the photosensitive size of the area array detectors in the corresponding direction.

As shown in Figure 3, an optical flat panel d and an area array detector are placed behind the lens c, and the area array detector is located on the main image plane. During implementation, the field of view of lens c can be reduced to match the size of the image plane according to the actual size of the image plane of lens c, while other parameters such as focal length and F/# remain unchanged, further reducing the cost of the entire imaging photoelectric system size and weight. The optical plate d is coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film system on the front surface, and a fully transparent film system on the rear end surface.

As shown in Figure 5, the dichroic prism includes 1 quadrangular pyramid (as shown in Figure 6) and 4 semi-square pyramids (as shown in Figure 7). The quadrangular pyramid includes four 45° light splitting surfaces and a rear end face, which are located in the center of Figure 5, and the remaining four half quadrangular pyramids are located around the quadrangular pyramid, and become an optical flat plate of equal thickness after combination. The thickness of the optical flat plate is only 1/2 of the light transmission size of the rear end face of the quadrangular pyramid.

As shown in Figure 6, the quadrangular pyramid prism is coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film system on four 45° beam splitting surfaces, and a fully transparent film system is coated on the rear end surface. As shown in Figure 7, the semi-square pyramidal prism is coated with a fully transparent film system on each side. Through semi-reflective and semi-transparent light splitting, the illumination of each area array detector on the image plane is equal.

As shown in Figure 2, the light incident from the object side enters the beam-splitting prism b through the lens a, and then splits the light through the 45° beam-splitting surface. Part of the light enters the four side image planes and is imaged on the area array detectors 2, 4, 6, and 8 respectively. As shown in FIG. 3 , the light incident from the object side enters the optical plate d through the lens b, and directly enters the area array detector 5 of the main image plane for imaging.

Adjust the position of each area array detector separately, so that the light paths incident on each area array detector are equal.

The content that is not described in detail in the description of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. the seamless spliced imaging electric system of twin-lens 9 planar array detectors, is characterized in that:

The imaging adopting two cover imaging systems to realize 3 × 3 pattern 9 film explorers obtains, and often overlap imaging system and comprise a camera lens and an Amici prism or optical flat, Amici prism or optical flat are positioned at camera lens rear; The parallel installation of two cover imaging system optical axises, 9 planar array detectors carry out the installation of array dislocation interval in main image planes and side image planes, realize image planes seamless spliced;

Main image planes are positioned at the dead astern of Amici prism or optical flat, and side image planes are positioned at 4 sides of Amici prism;

Spliced whole image planes equidistantly split according to 3 × 3 arrays, level is consistent with vertical segmentation size and the photosensitive size of planar array detector respective direction, and all planar array detectors should select same type product, and namely photosensitive dimensional parameters is identical;

Described array is numbered from top to bottom, numbers from left to right, and namely most lastrow is the 1st row, next behavior the 3rd row; Most the first from left is classified as the 1st row, and the rightest one is classified as the 3rd row; First behavior first is to the 3rd planar array detector (1 ~ 3), and the second behavior the 4th is to the 6th planar array detector (4 ~ 6), and the third line is the 7th to the 9th planar array detector (7 ~ 9);

In first set imaging system, after first camera lens (a), place Amici prism (b) and 8 planar array detectors, wherein main image planes place 4 planar array detectors, and in 4 side image planes, each side image planes respectively place 1 planar array detector; 4 planar array detectors that main image planes are placed are respectively the first, the 3rd, the 7th and the 9th planar array detector (1,3,7,9); 4 planar array detectors that side image planes are placed are respectively second, the 4th, the 6th and octahedral array detector (2,4,6,8), from the first camera lens (a) to main image planes direction, wherein the second planar array detector (2) is positioned at upside image planes, octahedral array detector (8) is positioned at downside image planes, fourth face array detector (4) is positioned at left side image planes, and the 6th planar array detector (6) is positioned at right image planes; In the planar array detector of main image planes and the planar array detector of side image planes, center distance is each other 2 times of the photosensitive size of planar array detector respective direction between two;

In second cover imaging system, after second camera lens (c), place optical flat (d) and 1 planar array detector, be positioned in main image planes;

In 3 × 3 array image planes, the planar array detector of the second cover imaging system is arranged in the remaining area of first set imaging system planar array detector cloth postpone, and namely in whole image planes, two imaging system planar array detectors are arranged as complementary relationship;

Described Amici prism (b) is made up of 1 piece of rectangular pyramid mirror and 4 piece of half rectangular pyramid mirror; Rectangular pyramid mirror comprises 4 45 ° of light splitting surfaces and a rear end face; Described half rectangular pyramid mirror is double subdivision of rectangular pyramid mirror; Rectangular pyramid mirror is positioned at central authorities, and all the other 4 piece of half rectangular pyramid mirrors are positioned at rectangular pyramid mirror outer periphery, are turned into the optical flat of one piece of uniform thickness after combination; Described optical flat thickness is that rectangular pyramid mirror rear end face leads to 1/2 of light size, and described optical flat (d) comprises front/rear end and 4 sides, equal with optical prism (b) thickness.

2. the seamless spliced imaging electric system of twin-lens according to claim 19 planar array detectors, it is characterized in that: described rectangular pyramid prism is coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting film system at 4 45 ° of light splitting surfaces, rear end face is full-trans-parent film system, by half-reflection and half-transmission light splitting, realizes homenergic light splitting.

3. the seamless spliced imaging electric system of twin-lens according to claim 19 planar array detectors, is characterized in that: described half rectangular pyramid prism is coated with full-trans-parent film system in each face.

4. the seamless spliced imaging electric system of twin-lens according to claim 19 planar array detectors, is characterized in that: described optical flat (d) is coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting film system at front end face, and rear end face is coated with full-trans-parent film system.