CN102887936A - 2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯晶型 - Google Patents
2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯晶型 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及药物化学领域,具体涉及2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的适应药物开发的几种晶型。其特征是它们是2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的甲苯溶剂合物、半二氧六环溶剂合物和半四氢呋喃溶剂合物。本发明几种晶型不仅溶解度好、稳定性好且无毒,更适合于制备成药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学领域,具体涉及2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的适应药物开发的几种晶型。
背景技术
三萜的生物合成主要是在植物内由角鲨烯的环化生成,它作为原料药时生物活性相对较弱。因此科学家们寻求合成类似物来增强效力。2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯就是其中一种具有良好的抗炎,分化和抗增殖效果,具备药物开发潜力的药物分子。其结构式如下:
目前,专利US8088824B2报道了2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的无水晶型、无定形、半苯溶剂合物和二甲醇溶剂合物。但是无水晶型存在溶解度差,生物利用度低的问题。而无定形又热力学不稳定,在有晶种诱导或较高温度和湿度环境中有转变成其他晶型的潜在风险。半苯溶剂合物中苯属于一类溶剂,对人体的毒性很大,且不能在人体内降解,不适合进行药物开发。二甲醇合物晶型不稳定,容易部分或者全部脱去甲醇,转变成其他晶型,经验证二甲醇合物在密闭环境中放置7天后全部转变为无水晶型。
此外,科学文献(Acta Cryst.(2002).C58,0199-0200)中还报道了一种它的一水一甲醇合物,这个晶型同样不稳定,容易脱去水或者甲醇,发生晶型转变。
因此寻找溶解度好,生物利用度高,稳定,无毒或者低毒的2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯新晶型十分必要。
发明内容
本发明公开了一类2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的溶剂合物,为晶型I、II、III。它们不仅溶解度好、稳定性好且无毒,更适合于制备成药物。
本发明公开了2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的晶型I,其X射线粉末衍射图在光谱d-间距9.65,7.58,7.18,6.29,6.06,5.47,5.21,4.77和3.07埃(同)具有特征峰。其X射线粉末衍射图如图1。
晶型I为2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的甲苯溶剂合物,加热至180°C时失重为7.2%。其热重分析图如图2。
晶型I的差示扫描量热分析图在接近117℃处有吸热峰,焓值为25.87J/g,加热至215°C时有一熔化峰,焓值为34.88J/g。如图3。
本发明的晶型I可用如下方法制备:将2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯溶解在甲苯溶液中,经过挥发,得到白色固体即为甲苯溶剂合物。
本发明还公开了2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的另一种晶型,即晶型II。其X射线粉末衍射图在光谱d-间距10.01,7.09,6.84,6.23,5.29,5.20,5.10,4.84,和4.61埃具有特征峰。如图4。
晶型II为2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的半二氧六环溶剂合物,加热至195°C时失重为8.05%。其热重分析图如图5。
晶型II的差示扫描量热分析图在接近150°C处有吸热峰,焓值为58.10J/g,加热至221℃时有一熔化峰,焓值为51.74J/g,如图6。
晶型II可用如下方法制备:将2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯溶解在1,4-二氧六环和水的混合溶液中,室温混悬搅拌,得到的白色固体即得。
本发明还公开了2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的第三种晶型,即晶型III。其X射线粉末衍射图在光谱d-间距10.00,7.14,6.80,6.65,6.10,5.62,5.29,4.88,和4.50埃具有特征峰。如图8。
晶型III是2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的半四氢呋喃溶剂合物,在加热至149°C时失重为6.86%。半四氢呋喃溶剂合物脱溶剂后的理论失重为6.70%。如图9。
晶型III的差示扫描量热分析图在接近136°C时处有吸热峰,焓值为57.30J/g,加热至221°C时有一熔化峰,焓值为57.71J/g。如图10。
晶型III可用如下方法制备:将2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯溶解在四氢呋喃溶液中,将其与反溶剂正庚烷一起冷藏,经过反向反溶剂添加法将2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的四氢呋喃溶液滴加到正庚烷中,然后混悬搅拌,即得。
本发明通过用甲苯、二氧六环和四氢呋喃作为溶剂重结晶,得到的溶剂合物具有毒性较小,稳定性好的优点,在室温密闭放置1个月晶型不发生改变,其稳定性试验的结果通过晶型储存前后的X射线粉末衍射图对比可见,见图12、13、14。由图可见本发明的晶型I、II和III密闭放置1个月后晶型不发生改变,说明本发明的三种晶型比较稳定。图12中下面的图为新制备的晶型I,上面的图为密闭放置1个月之后的晶型I。图13中上面的图为新制备的晶型II,下面的图为密闭放置1个月之后的晶型II。图14中上面的图为新制备的晶型III,下面的图为密闭放置1个月之后的晶型III。
本发明的晶型I、II、III制备中操作简单,溶剂用量少且无毒,生产成本低,在工业化方面具有明显优势。
附图说明
图1是晶型I的X射线粉末衍射图。
图2是晶型I的热重分析图。
图3是晶型I的差示扫描量热分析图。
图4是晶型II的X射线粉末衍射图。
图5是晶型II的热重分析图。
图6是晶型II的差示扫描量热分析图。
图7是晶型II的液态核磁图。
图8是晶型III的X射线粉末衍射图。
图9是晶型III的热重分析图。
图10是晶型III的差示扫描量热分析图。
图11是晶型III的液态核磁图。
图12是晶型I的稳定性考察X射线粉末衍射图。
图13是晶型II的稳定性考察X射线粉末衍射图。
图14是晶型III的稳定性考察X射线粉末衍射图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
取50mg 2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯溶解在500μL甲苯中,放置于通风橱中快速挥发,1天后即得到甲苯溶剂合物即晶型I 53.8mg。
X射线粉末衍射图见图1。热重分析图见图2。差示扫描量热分析图见图3。
实施例2
将200mg的2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯溶解在1ml体积比4∶1的1,4-二氧六环和水的混合溶液中,经过室温混悬搅拌24小时,得到的白色固体146mg。纯度为99.48%。白色固体即为晶型II,也是半1,4-二氧六环溶剂合物。
X射线粉末衍射图见图4。热重分析谱图见图5。差示扫描量热分析图见图6。液态核磁图见图7。
实施例3
将16.9mg的2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯溶解在0.2ml的四氢呋喃溶液中,将其与4.0ml的反溶剂正庚烷一起放置于-22°C中冷藏1小时,经过反向反溶剂添加法将2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的四氢呋喃溶液缓慢滴加到正庚烷中,然后混悬搅拌24小时,得到的白色固体11.4mg.纯度99.25%。白色固体即为晶型III,也即半四氢呋喃溶剂合物。
X射线粉末衍射图见图8。热重分析图见图9。差示扫描量热分析图见图10。液态核磁图见图11。
Claims (10)
1.一种2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的晶型I,其特征是:其X射线粉末衍射图在光谱d-间距9.65,7.58,7.18,6.29,6.06,5.47,5.21,4.77和3.07埃具有特征峰。
2.权利要求1的晶型I,其为2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的甲苯溶剂合物,加热至180°C时失重为7.2%。
3.权利要求1的晶型I,其差示扫描量热分析图在接近117°C处有吸热峰。
4.一种2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的晶型II,其特征是:其X射线粉末衍射图在光谱d-间距10.01,7.09,6.84,6.23,5.29,5.20,5.10,4.84,和4.61埃具有特征峰。
5.权利要求4的晶型II,其为2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的半二氧六环溶剂合物,加热至195°C失重为8.05%。
6.权利要求4的晶型II,其差示扫描量热分析图在接近150°C处有吸热峰。
7.一种2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的晶型III,其特征是:其X射线粉末衍射图在光谱d-间距10.00,7.14,6.80,6.65,6.10,5.62,5.29,4.88,和4.50埃具有特征峰。
8.权利要求7的晶型III,其是2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的半四氢呋喃溶剂合物,在加热至149°C时失重为6.86%。
9.权利要求7的晶型III,其差示扫描量热分析图在接近136°C时处有吸热峰。
10.权利要求7的晶型III的制备方法,包括:将2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯溶解在四氢呋喃溶液中,将其与反溶剂正庚烷一起冷藏,经过反向反溶剂添加法将2-氰基-3,12-二氧代齐墩果-1,9(11)-二烯-28-酸甲酯的四氢呋喃溶液滴加到正庚烷中,然后混悬搅拌,即得。
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