CN102871628B - A kind of oil removal method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for cleaning oil stains, comprising the following steps: taking pith from corn stalks, crushing the corn stalk pith to below 2.5 mm, the total mass of the added corn stalk pith is 6.60-15.98% of the oil stain mass, and the corn stalk pith Add to the tableware in four times, after adding, wipe, the proportion of the amount added each time to the total mass of corn stalk pith is 39.19-65.02%, 13.79-26.16%, 9.09-20.73%, 9.40-16.50%, the third After wiping for the first time, add 0.05mL _of NaHCO solution with a mass fraction of ¹ % on each 100cm2 tableware, then add corn stalk pith for the fourth time, wipe, and finally add 0.05mL of mass fraction ^on each 100cm2 tableware. 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, after cleaning the surface of the tableware, rinse the tableware with clean water. The method removes oil stains from tableware, the production process is simple, and the raw materials used are natural raw materials, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

Description

A kind of oil pollution removal method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tableware cleaning agents, in particular to an environment-friendly corn stalk tableware cleaning agent.

Background technique

Wu Shiwei's article published in the 33rd issue of "Technology Innovation Herald" in 2008 - "Research on Environmentally Friendly Dishwashing Detergents" pointed out that the development trend of dishwashing detergents is to use natural surfactants to produce dishwashing detergents. The reasons are as follows: Traditional surfactants are mostly salt detergents, which have good detergency and various properties. However, there are still various disadvantages, such as: sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS): poor water resistance, decontamination performance can be reduced with the hardness of water, and strong degreasing power, which has certain irritation to the skin when washing by hand sex. Sodium tripolyphosphate: Phosphates, commonly used additives in detergents, have been used for decades. A large amount of phosphates discharged into the water will cause over-nutrition of the water, resulting in a large number of algae, destroying the ecological balance of the water area and causing serious damage to the environment. Pollution of water sources, pollution of the environment. Therefore, the formulation of detergents will develop in the direction of low-phosphorus and non-phosphorus. In general, green surfactants are new surfactants processed from natural renewable resources with high safety, biodegradability, surface properties and reliable comprehensive performance. The use of natural surfactants to produce dishwashing detergents will be a development trend in the future.

Ma Qiannan pointed out in the article "Application of Green Surfactant APG in Dishware Washing" published in the 10th issue of "China Modern Educational Equipment" in 2011: Dishware washing is the process of removing oil and other dirt from the surface of tableware, and tableware is often used Detergents, surfactants are essential components of dishwashing detergents. Surfactant molecules usually contain a long hydrophobic chain and a hydrophilic group. The hydrophobic chain is in an unstable state in water, and tends to migrate to the two-phase or multi-phase interface to minimize the contact area with water. As a result, the interfacial tension is reduced, thereby producing functions such as wetting and solubilization. When the concentration of surfactant is large enough, the surfactant molecules aggregate in water, the hydrophobic chains close together to form micelles, and the hydrophilic groups form the surface of micelles outward. Oil stains can be wrapped in micelles, so that the solubility of oil in water is significantly increased (that is, solubilization). With mechanical action, the oil stains can be removed from the surface of the tableware.

There are many surfactants commonly used in dishwashing detergents, such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES), but they have many limitations in safety, skin impact, biodegradability, etc. Not ideal in any way.

APG is usually prepared by condensation of natural starch and its hydrolyzate with lipid alcohol. The hydrolyzate of starch can be glucose or oligosaccharides such as disaccharides and trisaccharides. There are no strong ionizing groups in the APG molecule, and it is a non-ionic surfactant with the highest surface activity, which is stronger than common non-ionic surfactants (such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), and is resistant to concentrated alkali and High surface activity can still be maintained in electrolyte (such as sodium silicate, etc.) solution. APG also has other advantages, including rich foam, and its foaming ability is similar to that of anionic surfactants; it has a synergistic effect with other surfactants, which can improve surface activity and reduce the amount of irritating surfactants; Small skin irritation. Because it is non-toxic, easy to degrade, and 100% produced with renewable natural raw materials, it has its unique advantages in energy consumption, physiology, and environmental compatibility, so it is known as a green surfactant. Its disadvantage is that it is greatly affected by water quality, and as the water hardness increases, the decontamination ability decreases.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an environment-friendly corn stalk tableware cleaning agent. It is a solid tableware cleaner. The raw material used in the cleaner is a natural raw material—agricultural waste corn stalks. The product does not contain surfactants. It has unique advantages in environmental compatibility and is not affected by water quality. Corn stalks are loose and porous, with a large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity. The organic natural plant material corn stalk can absorb oil by utilizing the capillary action of its fiber gap and lumen. The invention has simple production process and convenient use, and is an environment-friendly cleaning agent.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the deficiencies in the prior art is: a method for removing oil stains, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Take the pith from the corn stalks, crush the corn stalk pith to less than 2.5 mm, and set aside;

Step 2: Add the crushed corn stalk pith in step 1 to the tableware with oil stains. The total mass of the added corn stalk pith is 6.60-15.98% of the oil stain mass. Add the corn stalk pith to the tableware in four times. The proportion of the amount added to the total mass of the required corn stalk pith is 39.19-65.02%. Wipe the tableware with the corn stalk pith, and pour out the corn stalk pith on the tableware after wiping;

The second addition accounts for 13.79-26.16% of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith. Use the corn stalk pith to wipe the tableware, and after wiping, drain the corn stalk pith on the tableware;

The proportion of the third addition to the total mass of corn stalk pith required is ^9.09-20.73 %. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith on the tableware. After that, add The mass fraction of 0.05mL is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, clean the tableware surface;

The proportion of the fourth addition to the total mass of the required corn stalk pith is ^9.40-16.50 %. Use the corn stalk pith to wipe the tableware. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith on the tableware, and then add 0.05 The mass fraction of mL is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution. After cleaning the tableware surface, rinse the tableware with water to complete the oil stain cleaning process.

The corn stalk pith is the remaining part of the corn stalk after removing the hard outer skin.

The present invention can also use whole corn stalks as a tableware cleaner. Because the density of the stalk skin is relatively high, the amount of corn stalks accounts for more than 28.18% of the oil quality, and the amount of corn stalks is added in four times. shape and can be wrapped on a spoon, the second, third, and fourth addition of straw is appropriate to absorb the oil stains by visual inspection.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The raw materials used are natural raw materials, which conform to the development trend of tableware cleaners;

2. The raw material used is agricultural waste corn stalks, which finds a new way for the rational use of corn stalks and is conducive to environmental protection;

3. The production process of corn straw tableware cleaner is simple and convenient to process;

4. Corn straw tableware cleaner has no secondary pollution during use, and the oily corn straw after cleaning the tableware can be used as animal feed;

5. The corn straw tableware cleaner has a good degreasing effect, and the residual oil of the tableware after cleaning is on the order of 10 ^-6 g/cm ² ;

6. The production of waste oil can be eliminated from the source.

Description of drawings:

Figure 1-11 is the treatment effect diagram of using corn stalk cleaner to treat the surface dish stained with hood oil,

Figure 1 The first wipe of corn stalks;

Figure 2 After the first wiping of corn stalks;

Figure 3 Second wiping of corn stalks

Figure 4 After the second wiping of corn stalks

Figure 5 The third wipe of corn stalks

Figure 6 After the third wiping of corn stalks

Fig.7 Adding 0.05mL of 1% NaHCO ₃ solution after wiping corn stalks for the third time

Figure 8 The fourth wiping of corn stalks

Figure 9 After the fourth wiping of corn stalks

Fig.10 Add 0.05mL of 1% NaHCO ₃ solution after wiping corn stalks for the fourth time

Figure 11 Corn stalks were wiped four times and rinsed with water and then dried

Figure 12 The amount of oil residue detected by infrared photometry.

Detailed ways

Example 1

Advanced treatment of tableware oil stains:

Step 1: Take pith from corn stalks, crush the corn stalk pith to less than 0.355mm, and set aside;

Step 2: Add the crushed corn stalk pith in step 1 to the tableware with oil stains. The total mass of the added corn stalk pith is 6.60% of the oil stain mass. The corn stalk pith is added to the tableware in four times. It accounts for 65.02% of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith. Use the corn stalk pith to wipe the tableware, and after wiping, drain the corn stalk pith on the tableware;

The ratio of the second addition to the total mass of the required corn stalk pith is 15.70%, and the tableware is wiped with the corn stalk pith, and after wiping, the corn stalk pith on the tableware is poured out;

The proportion of the third addition to the total mass of corn stalk pith required is 9.09%. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith ^on the tableware, and add 0.05mL of mass to each 100cm2 tableware. The fraction is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, clean the tableware surface;

The proportion of the fourth addition to the total mass of corn stalk pith required is 10.19%. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith ^on the tableware, and add 0.05mL of mass to each 100cm2 tableware. The fraction is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, after cleaning the surface of the tableware, rinse the tableware with water to complete the oil stain cleaning process.

Infrared spectrophotometry was used to detect the amount of residual oil on tableware. Using glass slides as the matrix and carbon tetrachloride (CCl ₄ ) as the eluting reagent, the amount of residual oil on tableware was 1.9×10 ^-6 g/cm ² .

Example 2

Advanced treatment of tableware oil stains:

Step 1: taking the pith from the corn stalks, crushing the corn stalk pith to 0.355-0.450 mm, and set aside;

Step 2: Add the corn stalk pith crushed in step 1 to the tableware with oil stains. The total mass of the added corn stalk pith is 6.63% of the oil stain mass. The corn stalk pith is added to the tableware in four times. Accounting for 60.58% of the total mass of corn stalk pith required, wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith, and drain the corn stalk pith on the tableware after wiping;

The second addition accounts for 18.04% of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith, and the tableware is wiped with the corn stalk pith, and after wiping, the corn stalk pith on the tableware is poured out;

The proportion of the third addition to the total mass of corn stalk pith required is 11.98%. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith ^on the tableware, and add 0.05mL of mass to each 100cm2 tableware. The fraction is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, clean the tableware surface;

The proportion of the fourth addition amount to the total mass of the required corn stalk pith is 9.40%. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith ^on the tableware, and add 0.05mL of mass to each 100cm2 tableware. The fraction is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, after cleaning the surface of the tableware, rinse the tableware with water to complete the oil stain cleaning process.

Infrared spectrophotometry was used to detect the amount of residual oil on tableware. Using glass slides as the matrix and carbon tetrachloride (CCl ₄ ) as the eluting reagent, the amount of residual oil on tableware was 1.9×10 ^-6 g/cm ² .

Example 3

Advanced treatment of tableware oil stains:

Step 1: taking the pith from the corn stalks, crushing the corn stalk pith to 0.450-0.900 mm, and set aside;

Step 2: Add the corn stalk pith crushed in step 1 to the tableware with oil stains. The total mass of the added corn stalk pith is 8.51% of the oil stain mass. The corn stalk pith is added to the tableware in four times. Accounting for 55.05% of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith, wipe the tableware with the corn stalk pith, and drain the corn stalk pith on the tableware after wiping;

The second addition accounts for 23.64% of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith, and the tableware is wiped with the corn stalk pith, and after wiping, the corn stalk pith on the tableware is poured out;

The proportion of the third addition to the total mass of corn stalk pith required is 10.45%. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith ^on the tableware, and add 0.05mL of mass to each 100cm2 tableware. The fraction is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, clean the tableware surface;

The proportion of the fourth addition amount to the total mass of the required corn stalk pith is 10.86%. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith ^on the tableware, and add 0.05mL of mass to each 100cm2 tableware. The fraction is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, after cleaning the surface of the tableware, rinse the tableware with water to complete the oil stain cleaning process.

Infrared spectrophotometry was used to detect the amount of residual oil on tableware. Using glass slides as the substrate and carbon tetrachloride (CCl ₄ ) as the eluting reagent, the amount of residual oil on tableware was 2.0×10 ^-6 g/cm ² .

Example 4

Advanced treatment of tableware oil stains:

Step 1: Take the pith from the corn stalks, crush the corn stalk pith to 2.00-2.50mm, and set aside;

Step 2: Add the corn stalk pith crushed in step 1 to the tableware with oil stains. The total mass of the added corn stalk pith is 15.98% of the oil stain mass. The corn stalk pith is added to the tableware in four times. Accounting for 39.19% of the total mass of corn stalk pith required, wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith, and drain the corn stalk pith on the tableware after wiping;

The second addition accounts for 26.16% of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith, and the tableware is wiped with the corn stalk pith, and after wiping, the corn stalk pith on the tableware is poured out;

The proportion of the third addition to the total mass of corn stalk pith required is 19.16%. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith ^on the tableware, and add 0.05mL of mass to each 100cm2 tableware. The fraction is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, clean the tableware surface;

The proportion of the fourth addition to the total mass of corn stalk pith required is 15.49%. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith ^on the tableware, and add 0.05mL of mass to each 100cm2 tableware. The fraction is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, after cleaning the surface of the tableware, rinse the tableware with water to complete the oil stain cleaning process.

Infrared spectrophotometry was used to detect the amount of residual oil on tableware. Using glass slides as the substrate and carbon tetrachloride (CCl ₄ ) as the eluting reagent, the amount of residual oil on tableware was 2.0×10 ^-6 g/cm ² .

Example 5

Ordinary treatment of tableware oil stains:

Step 1: Take the pith from the corn stalks, crush the corn stalk pith to 2.00-2.50mm, and set aside;

Step 2: Add the corn stalk pith crushed in step 1 to the tableware with oil stains. The total mass of the added corn stalk pith is 15.98% of the oil stain mass. The corn stalk pith is added to the tableware in four times. It accounts for 39.19% of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith. Use the corn stalk pith to wipe the tableware, and after wiping, drain the corn stalk pith on the tableware;

The second addition accounts for 26.16% of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith, and the tableware is wiped with the corn stalk pith, and after wiping, the corn stalk pith on the tableware is poured out;

The third addition accounted for 19.16% of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith, and the tableware was wiped with the corn stalk pith, and after wiping, the corn stalk pith on the tableware was poured out;

The fourth addition accounts for 15.49% of the total mass of corn stalk pith required. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith on the tableware and rinse the tableware with clean water to complete the oil cleaning process.

Infrared spectrophotometry was used to detect the amount of residual oil on tableware. Using glass slides as the substrate and carbon tetrachloride (CCl ₄ ) as the eluting reagent, the amount of residual oil on tableware was 2.6×10 ^-6 g/cm ² .

Example 6

Step 1: Take pith from corn stalks, crush the corn stalk pith to less than 0.355mm, and set aside;

Step 2: Add the crushed corn stalk pith in step 1 to the tableware with oil stains. The total mass of the added corn stalk pith is 6.60% of the oil stain mass. The corn stalk pith is added to the tableware in four times. Accounting for 65.02% of the total mass of corn stalk pith required, wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith, and drain the corn stalk pith on the tableware after wiping;

The ratio of the second addition to the total mass of the required corn stalk pith is 15.70%, and the tableware is wiped with the corn stalk pith, and after wiping, the corn stalk pith on the tableware is poured out;

The third addition accounts for 9.09% of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith. Wipe the tableware with the corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour off the corn stalk pith on the tableware.

The fourth addition accounts for 10.19% of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith. Wipe the tableware with the corn stalk pith. After wiping, drain the corn stalk pith on the tableware; rinse with clean water.

Infrared spectrophotometry was used to detect the amount of residual oil on tableware. Using glass slides as the substrate and carbon tetrachloride (CCl ₄ ) as the eluting reagent, the amount of residual oil on tableware was 2.6×10 ^-6 g/cm ² .

Example 7

Step 1: Use the whole corn stalks as tableware cleaner, crush the whole corn stalks to less than 0.355mm, and set aside;

Step 2: Add the whole stalks of corn stalks crushed in step 1 to the tableware with oil stains. The total mass of the whole stalks of corn stalks added is 28.18% of the mass of oil stains. Add them to the tableware in four times. The proportion of the total mass of the required corn stalks is 76.01%. Wipe the tableware with the whole stalks, and pour out the corn stalks on the tableware after wiping;

The second addition accounted for 12.55% of the total mass of the required corn stalks. Wipe the tableware with corn stalks. After wiping, pour off the corn stalks on the tableware;

The proportion of the third addition amount to the total mass of the required corn stalks is 6.37%. Wipe the tableware with corn stalks. After wiping, pour out the corn stalks ^on the tableware, and add 0.05mL of mass fraction to each 100cm2 tableware 1% NaHCO ₃ solution to clean the tableware surface;

The proportion of the fourth addition amount to the total mass of the required corn stalks is 5.06%. Wipe the tableware with corn stalks. After wiping, pour out the corn stalks ^on the tableware, and add 0.05mL of mass fraction to each 100cm2 tableware It is a 1% NaHCO ₃ solution. After cleaning the surface of the tableware, rinse the tableware with clean water to complete the oil cleaning process.

Infrared spectrophotometry was used to detect the amount of residual oil on tableware. Using glass slides as the matrix and carbon tetrachloride (CCl ₄ ) as the eluting reagent, the amount of residual oil on tableware was 1.9×10 ^-6 g/cm ² .

Claims (1)

1. A method for removing oil stains from oil stained tableware to a residual oil amount of 10 ^-6 g/cm ² , characterized in that: comprising the following steps, Step 1: Take the pith from the corn stalks, crush the corn stalk pith to less than 2.5mm, and set aside; Step 2: Add the crushed corn stalk pith in step 1 to the tableware with oil stains. The total mass of the added corn stalk pith is 6.60-15.98% of the oil stain mass. The corn stalk pith is added to the tableware in four times. The proportion of the amount added to the total mass of the required corn stalk pith is 39.19-65.02%, and the tableware is wiped with the corn stalk pith, and the corn stalk pith on the tableware is poured out after wiping; The proportion of the second addition amount to the total mass of the required corn stalk pith is 13.79-26.16%. Wipe the tableware with the corn stalk pith, and pour off the corn stalk pith on the tableware after wiping; The third addition accounts for ^9.09-20.73 % of the total mass of the required corn stalk pith. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith on the tableware; finally add 0.05 The mass fraction of ml is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, clean tableware surface; The proportion of the fourth addition to the total mass of corn stalk pith required is ^9.40-16.50 %. Wipe the tableware with corn stalk pith. After wiping, pour out the corn stalk pith on the tableware, and then add 0.05 The mass fraction of ml is 1% NaHCO ₃ solution, after cleaning the surface of the tableware, rinse the tableware with clear water, so that the residual oil of the tableware after cleaning is 10 ^-6 g/cm ² , that is, the oil stain cleaning process is completed; collect the oil after cleaning the tableware Oily corn stover pith as animal feed.